JP4509554B2 - アルミニウムアジュバントおよびヒスチジンを含むワクチン - Google Patents
アルミニウムアジュバントおよびヒスチジンを含むワクチン Download PDFInfo
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- JP4509554B2 JP4509554B2 JP2003515261A JP2003515261A JP4509554B2 JP 4509554 B2 JP4509554 B2 JP 4509554B2 JP 2003515261 A JP2003515261 A JP 2003515261A JP 2003515261 A JP2003515261 A JP 2003515261A JP 4509554 B2 JP4509554 B2 JP 4509554B2
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- Prior art keywords
- antigen
- composition
- histidine
- antigens
- meningitidis
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Description
この抗原は、好ましくは、タンパク質抗原または糖類抗原(必要に応じて結合体化される)である。好ましい抗原は、細菌由来であり、細菌のNeisseria属(例えば、N.meningitidis)が特に好ましい。
−N.meningitidis血清型B由来のタンパク質抗原、例えば、参考文献9〜15中のタンパク質抗原、タンパク質「287」(以下を参照のこと)および誘導体(例えば、「ΔG287」)が特に好ましい。
−N.meningitidis血清型B由来の外膜小胞(OMV)調製物、例えば、参考文献16、17、18、19などに開示されるOMV調製物。
−N.meningitidis、血清型A、血清型C、血清型W135および/または血清型Y由来の糖類抗原、例えば、参考文献20に開示される血清型C由来のオリゴ糖[参考文献21もまた参照のこと]。
−Streptococcus pneumoniae由来の糖類抗原[例えば、22、23、24]。
−Bordetella pertussis由来の抗原、例えば、(必要に応じて、ペルタクチンならびに/または凝集原2および凝集原3との組合せて)百日咳毒素(PT)およびB.pertussis由来の線維状赤血球凝集素(FHA)[例えば、参考文献25および26]。
−ジフテリア抗原、例えば、ジフテリア類毒素[例えば、参考文献27の3章]、例えば、CRM197変異体[例えば、28]。
−破傷風抗原、例えば、破傷風類毒素[例えば、参考文献27の4章]。
−CagA[例えば、29]、VacA[例えば、29]、NAP[例えば、30]、HopX[例えば、31]、HopY[例えば、31]および/またはウレアーゼのようなHelicobacter pylori由来のタンパク質抗原。
−Haemophilus influenzae B由来の糖類抗原[例えば、21]、好ましくはオリゴ糖。
−N.gonorrhoeae由来の抗原[例えば、9、10、11]。
−Chlamydia pneumoniae由来の抗原[例えば、32,33,34,35,36,37,38]。
−Chlamydia trachomatis由来の抗原[例えば、39]。
−Porphyromonas gingivalis由来の抗原[例えば、40]。
−Moraxella catarrhalis由来の抗原[例えば、41]。
−Streptococcus agalactiae(グループB 連鎖球菌)由来の抗原[例えば、42,43]。
−Streptococcus pyogenes(グループA 連鎖球菌)由来の抗原[例えば、43,44,45]。
−Staphylococcus aureus由来の抗原[例えば、46]。
−Bacillus anthracis由来の抗原[例えば、47,48,49]。
−A型肝炎ウイルス由来の抗原、例えば、不活性化ウイルス[例えば、50、51]。
−B型肝炎ウイルス由来の抗原、例えば、表面抗原および/またはコア抗原[例えば、51、52]。
−C型肝炎ウイルス由来の抗原、[例えば、53]。
−ポリオ抗原[例えば、54、55]、例えばIPV。
−狂犬病抗原[例えば、56]、例えば凍結乾燥不活性化ウイルス[例えば、57、RabAvertTM]。
−麻疹抗原、おたふく風邪抗原および/または風疹抗原[例えば、参考文献27の9章、10章および11章]。
−インフルエンザ抗原[例えば、参考文献27の19章]、例えば、赤血球凝集素および/またはノイラミニダーゼ表面タンパク質。
−フラビウイルス科(フラビウイルス属)系統のウイルス由来の抗原、例えば、黄熱病ウイルス、日本脳炎ウイルス、デング熱ウイルスの4つの血清型、ダニ媒介性脳炎ウイルス、西ナイルウイルス由来。
−ペスチウイルス抗原、例えば、古典的なブタ熱ウイルス(porcine fever virus)、ウシウイルス性下痢ウイルス(bovine viral diarrhoea virus)、および/またはボーダー病ウイルス(border disease virus)由来。
−パルボウイルス抗原、例えば、パルボウイルスB19由来。
−プリオンタンパク質(例えば、CJDプリオンタンパク質)
−アミロイドタンパク質、例えば、βペプチド[58]
−癌抗原、例えば、参考文献59の表1または参考文献60の表3および表4に列挙される癌抗原。
アルミニウム塩は、好ましくは、水酸化アルミニウム(例えば、アルミニウムオキシヒドロキシド)またはリン酸アルミニウム(例えば、アルミニウムヒドロキシホスフェートまたはアルミニウムオルトホスフェート)であるが、任意の他の適切な塩もまた使用され得る(例えば、硫酸塩など[例えば、参考文献1の8章および9章を参照のこと])。この塩は、任意の適切な形態(例えば、ゲル、結晶質、非晶質をとり得る。好ましい塩は、(非晶質性)ヒドロキシホスフェートおよび(結晶質性)オキシヒドロキシド(ベーマイト)である。
ヒスチジンは、標準的なアミノ酸であり、本発明での使用に容易に利用できる。ヒスチジンは、本質的に生体適合性であるので、ヒスチジンは安全であり、故にワクチン中の成分として好都合である。
この組成物は、好ましくは液体形態であるが、凍結乾燥されてもよい(WO01/41800を参照のこと)。
本発明の組成物は、代表的にワクチン組成物である。
本発明の組成物は、代表的に、上記の成分に加えて、1つ以上の薬学的に受容可能なキャリア(それ自体が、本組成物を受ける個体に有害な抗体の産生を誘導しない任意のキャリアを含む)を含む。適切なキャリアは、代表的には、大きい、ゆっくりと代謝される高分子(例えば、タンパク質、多糖、ポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール酸、ポリマーのアミノ酸、アミノ酸コポリマー、トレハロース(WO00/56365)および脂質凝集体(例えば、油滴またはリポソーム))である。このようなキャリアは、当業者に周知である。このワクチンはまた、希釈剤(例えば、水、生理食塩水、グリセロールなど)を含み得る。さらに、補助的な物質(例えば、湿潤剤または乳化剤)、pH緩衝物質などが存在し得る。薬学的に受容可能な賦形剤の徹底的な議論が、Remington’s Phamaceutical Sciences[例えば、参考文献88]において、利用できる。
本発明の組成物を作製するために、抗原、アルミニウム塩およびヒスチジンが混合されなければならない。抗原およびアルミニウム塩が混合される際に、ヒスチジンが存在すべきであることが好ましい。故に、ヒスチジンは、アルミニウム塩への吸着の間存在する。これは、既に存在する抗原/アルミニウム塩の組合せにヒスチジンを添加することと対照する(すなわち、このプロセスにおけるヒスチジンは、抗原とアルミニウム塩とが相互作用した後に、単に緩衝剤として添加されるのではなく、このヒスチジンは、それらの相互作用の間に存在する)。
用語「含む(comprising)」は、「含む(including)」および「からなる(consisting)」を意味し、例えば、Xを「含む(comprising)」組成物は、Xだけからなるか、または何らかの付加物を含み得る(例えば、X+Y)。
参考文献11は、N.meningitidis血清型B由来の「287」と名付けられたタンパク質抗原を開示する。参考文献90は、短縮されて、そのヘキサグリシン領域までのかつ個の領域を含むN−末端アミノ酸が除去された、この抗原の形態(「Δ287」)を開示する。287およびΔG287は、両方とも、マウスにおいて防御性免疫応答を誘発し得る。参考文献16〜19は、N.meningitidis血清型B由来のOMV抗原を開示する。これらのOMVはまた、マウスにおいて防御性免疫応答を誘発し得る。
糖結合体は、溶液(「液体」ワクチン)中に存在する場合、加水分解により分解される傾向にある[7,8]。複合体を凍結乾燥させ、これを避けることが可能である[7]が、これは、再構成する際にアジュバントが添加されることを必要とする。糖が加水分解の対象とならない液形態のワクチンを有することが好ましい。
血清型B N.meningitidis由来のNadA(Neisserial adhesin A)は、参考文献11にタンパク質「961」として(配列番号2943および配列番号2944)、そして参考文献13「NMB1994」(GeneBank登録番号11352904および7227256も参照のこと)として開示される。NadAの対立遺伝子の形態が、参考文献91に開示される。NadAの好ましい形態は、C末端アンカードメインを欠いている(「961c」)。
参考文献92および93は、meningococcal B抗原のハイブリッド発現を開示する。そのようなハイブリッドは、「ΔG287NZ−953」であり、別のハイブリッドは、「936−741」である。これら2つのハイブリッド(100μg/ml)を、各々、pH6.3の10mM ヒスチジン緩衝液の存在下で、アルミニウムオキシヒドロキシド(3mg/ml)に吸着させた。2〜8℃または36〜38℃での4週間の保存後、「ΔG287NZ−953」は、6.44から6.52(2〜8℃)または6.53(36〜38℃)まで非常に僅かに上昇したpHで、100%の吸着(図6および図7、レーン7)を維持した。「936−741」は、6.33から6.37(2〜8℃)または6.38(36〜38℃)まで非常に僅かに上昇したpHで、36〜38℃では100%の吸着(図9、レーン7)を維持したが、2〜8℃では約99%の吸着(図8、レーン7)であった。
上記で記載したように、meningococcus B由来のOMVワクチンは周知である。OMVを、meningococcus BのNorwegian株からまたはNew Zealand株(394/98)から調製した。これら2つのOMV調製物(50μg/ml)を、pH6.5の10mM ヒスチジン緩衝液の存在下で、アルミニウムオキシヒドロキシド(3mg/ml)に吸着させた。2〜8℃または36〜38℃での4週間の保存後、両OMV調製物は、100%の吸着を維持した(図8および図9、レーン8およびレーン9)。Norwegian OMVについては、両方の保存温度で、pHは、4週間にわたり6.39から6.42まで、僅かに上昇した。New Zealand OMVについては、pHは、6.40から6.42(2〜8℃)または6.43(36〜38℃)まで、僅かに上昇した。
961c、ΔG287nz−953および936−741を、各抗原を100μg/mlで混合し、その混合物を、pH6.3の10mM ヒスチジン緩衝液の存在下で、アルミニウムオキシヒドロキシド(3mg/ml)に吸着させた。2つのさらなる処方物において、OMVは、Norwegian株meningococcus BまたはNew Zealand株meningococcus Bのいずれかの由来のOMVを含んだ。
参考文献94、A型血清meningococcus由来の莢膜オリゴ糖のCRM197結合体を開示する。この結合体は、完全には安定ではなく、従って、凍結乾燥形態で調製され、投薬時の再構成のために準備される。単位用量での再構成後、以下の組成を生じる成分を有するた凍結乾燥形態を調製し:
参考文献94は、meningococcusの血清型C、血清型W135および血清型Y由来の、莢膜糖類のCRM197結合体を開示する。アルミニウムオキシヒドロキシドアジュバント(2mg/ml)またはアルミニウムヒドロキシホスフェートアジュバント(0.6mg/ml Al3+)のいずれか一方に吸着する3つの複合体の三価の混合物を調製した。2つの三価の混合物の組成物は、以下のようであった:
オキシヒドロキシド/ヒスチジン処方物について、バルクの混合物中またはバイアルに充填した後の、いずれかの糖類成分の安定性は、以下のようであった:
実施例8の、2つの三価の組成物を希釈し、そして0.5mlを、実施例7の凍結乾燥MenA結合体の再構成に用いた。生じた3価混合物を、1群あたり10匹のBalb/cマウス(6〜8週齢の雌)に、0日目および28日目に、皮下注射により投与した。この混合物は、1用量当り各々糖類を2μg含み、これは単回ヒト用量(SHD)の1/5に相当する。コントロールは、生理食塩水または結合体化していない同族の多糖類であった。免疫化前に出血を実施し、次いで42日目に出血を実施し、血清を−70℃で保存した。
参考文献(その内容は、本明細書により、参考として援用される)
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Claims (18)
- 1つ以上の抗原、アルミニウム塩およびヒスチジンの混合物を含む免疫原性組成物を製造する方法であって、該方法は以下:
(i)アルミニウム塩および(ii)ヒスチジンを混合して、ヒスチジン/アルミニウム塩混合物を得る第1工程;ならびに
(i)該ヒスチジン/アルミニウム塩混合物および(ii)1つ以上の抗原を混合する第2工程、
を包含し、ここで、
該1つ以上の抗原が該アルミニウム塩に吸着され、
該抗原が、
−髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来のタンパク質抗原;
−髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来の外膜小胞(OMV)調製物;および、
−髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来の糖類抗原
からなる群から選択される酸性の細菌抗原であり、そして、
該アルミニウム塩が、リン酸アルミニウムである、方法。 - 前記抗原が髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型B由来である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記糖類抗原が結合体化糖類抗原である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物中のヒスチジン濃度が1mM〜100mMの間である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記組成物中のヒスチジン濃度が5mM〜10mMの間である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記組成物がさらにナトリウム塩を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ナトリウム塩濃度が2.5mM〜5mMの間である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物のpHが6〜7の間である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記組成物がさらに薬学的に受容可能なキャリアを含む、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記組成物がさらに1より多い抗原を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記1を超える抗原がアルミニウム塩に吸着される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 百日咳菌(Bordetella pertussis)由来の抗原;ジフテリア抗原;破傷風抗原;B型肝炎ウイルス由来の抗原;インフルエンザ菌(Haemophilus influenzae)由来の糖類抗原;不活性化ポリオウイルス;および髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型C由来の糖類抗原のうち、2つ、3つ、4つ、5つ、6つまたは7つを含む、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 哺乳動物において免疫応答を惹起させるための免疫原性組成物であって、該組成物は、
(i)髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来のタンパク質抗原;髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来の外被ベシクル(OMV)調製物;および髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)由来の糖類抗原からなる群から選択される1つ以上の酸性の抗原、
(ii)アルミニウム塩、ならびに
(iii)ヒスチジン
の混合物から構成され、ここで、
該1つ以上の抗原が該アルミニウム塩に吸着される、
請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法により得られる組成物であって、該アルミニウム塩が、リン酸アルミニウムである、組成物。 - ワクチンである、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 哺乳動物において前記1以上の抗原に対する免疫応答を惹起させるための医薬の製造における請求項13に記載の組成物の使用。
- 前記医薬がワクチンである、請求項15に記載の使用。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項15に記載の使用。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項13に記載の組成物。
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- 2002-07-26 US US10/484,702 patent/US7348006B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-26 AT AT02767756T patent/ATE448794T1/de active
- 2002-07-26 EP EP10179756A patent/EP2255827A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-26 DK DK02767756.6T patent/DK1409013T3/da active
- 2002-07-26 EP EP10179753A patent/EP2266605A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2007
- 2007-10-29 RU RU2007139924/15A patent/RU2432173C2/ru active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CY1109791T1 (el) | 2014-09-10 |
EP2168597A1 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
RU2007139924A (ru) | 2009-05-10 |
RU2432173C2 (ru) | 2011-10-27 |
JP2004538291A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
US7754218B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
MXPA04000753A (es) | 2005-02-17 |
JP2009173681A (ja) | 2009-08-06 |
USRE45587E1 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
US20050158334A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
ES2334495T3 (es) | 2010-03-11 |
EP2255827A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2266605A1 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
PT1409013E (pt) | 2010-02-26 |
DK1409013T3 (da) | 2010-01-18 |
BR0211437A (pt) | 2004-07-13 |
GB0118249D0 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
DE60234448D1 (de) | 2009-12-31 |
ATE448794T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
US20080160045A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
US7348006B2 (en) | 2008-03-25 |
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