JP4427254B2 - 誘電体皮膜を堆積するための方法 - Google Patents
誘電体皮膜を堆積するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4427254B2 JP4427254B2 JP2002587669A JP2002587669A JP4427254B2 JP 4427254 B2 JP4427254 B2 JP 4427254B2 JP 2002587669 A JP2002587669 A JP 2002587669A JP 2002587669 A JP2002587669 A JP 2002587669A JP 4427254 B2 JP4427254 B2 JP 4427254B2
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/0228—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
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- H01L21/02142—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing silicon and at least one metal element, e.g. metal silicate based insulators or metal silicon oxynitrides
- H01L21/02148—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing silicon and at least one metal element, e.g. metal silicate based insulators or metal silicon oxynitrides the material containing hafnium, e.g. HfSiOx or HfSiON
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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Description
本出願は、米国特許出願シリアル番号第60/277,326を有する西暦2001年3月20日米国仮出願の優先権を主張する。
この様な高い温度は、時々被膜の望まれない結晶化を引き起こし、更に、粒界を通過する漏れ電流を増加し、電子素子の全体の性能を不都合に低下することがある。
この様に、高k被膜を基板上に堆積する改良された方法の必要性が現在存在する。
a)エネルギー源で基板を第1堆積温度まで加熱し、第1の堆積温度が約300°Cよりも高く、
b)基板が第1の堆積温度にある第1の堆積期間の間、第1のガス前駆物質をリアクタ容器に供給し、第1のガス前駆物質が第1のガス前駆物質流速を有し、第1のガス前駆物質が有機金属化合物から成り、
c)基板が第1の酸化ガス温度である第1の酸化ガス期間の間、第1の酸化ガスをリアクタ容器に供給し、第1の酸化ガスが第1の酸化ガス流速を有することを含む。
基板を第2の反応サイクルに曝すことを含み、この第2の反応サイクルが、
a)基板が第2の堆積温度にある第2の堆積期間の間、第2のガス前駆物質をリアクタ容器に供給し、第2の堆積温度が約300°Cよりも高く、第2のガス前駆物質が第2のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
b)基板が第2の酸化ガス温度である第2の酸化ガス期間の間、第2の酸化ガスをリアクタ容器に供給し、第2の酸化ガスが第2の酸化ガス流速を有していることを含む。
本方法は、
i)半導体ウェーハを含む様に適合されたリアクタ容器、及びこのリアクタ容器と連絡し、容器に含まれる半導体ウェーハを加熱するエネルギー源から成るシステムを提供し、
ii)半導体ウェーハを第1の反応サイクルに曝し、この第1の反応サイクルは、
a)半導体ウェーハをエネルギー源で第1の堆積温度に加熱し、第1の堆積温度が約300°Cよりも高く、
b)半導体ウェーハが第1の堆積温度である第1の堆積期間の間、第1のガス前駆物質を容器に供給し、第1のガス前駆物質が第1のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
c)半導体ウェーハが第1の酸化温度である第1の酸化ガス期間の間、第1の酸化ガスをリアクタ容器に供給し、第1の酸化ガスが第1の酸化ガス流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が、第の1反応サイクルの間に形成され、
iii)半導体ウェーハが第2の反応サイクルに曝され、
この第2の反応サイクルが、
a)半導体ウェーハが第2の堆積温度である第2の堆積期間の間、第2のガス前駆物質をリアクタ容器に供給し、第2の堆積温度が約300°Cより高く、第2のガス前駆物質が第2のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
b)第2の半導体ウェーハが第2の酸化ガス温度である第1の酸化ガス期間の間、第2の酸化ガスをリアクタ容器に供給し、第2の酸化ガスが第2の酸化ガス流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が、第2の反応サイクル中に形成され、そして、
iv)半導体ウェーハを一回又はそれ以上の追加の反応サイクルに曝すことを含む。この実施の形態においては、第1のガス前駆物質、第2のガス前駆物質、又はこれらの組合せが有機シリコン化合物から成り、結果の誘電体被膜がケイ酸金属を含む。
本発明の他の特徴は、以下でより詳細に議論される。
当業者に向けられた最良の形態を含む、本願発明の完全且つ実施可能な開示は、添付図面を参照する本明細書の残りの部分により詳細に記述されている。
本発明は、比較的高い誘電定数“k”を有する被膜を基板上に堆積するための方法に概して向けられている。例えば、本発明に従って形成される被膜の誘電定数は典型的に約4よりも大きく、或る実施の形態においては約8よりも大きく、或る実施の形態においては約10より大きく、或る実施の形態においては約15より大きい。例えば、本発明に従って形成された被膜は、約5と約100との間誘電定数を有することができ、或る実施の形態においては約15と約20との間である。更に、結果の高k被膜は約30ナノメートルよりも薄い厚さを一般的に有することができる。例えば、MOSFET素子の様な論理素子を形成する時、結果の厚さは、典型的に、約1乃至約8ナノメータの間であり、或る実施の形態においては、約1乃至約2ナノメータの間である。更に、DRAMの様なメモリー素子を形成する時、結果の厚さは、典型的に約2乃至約30ナノメータの間であり、或る実施の形態においては、約5乃至約10ナノメータの間である。
この点に関して、図1を参照する。誘電体被膜を基板上に堆積するために化学的気相堆積を利用するシステム10の或る特定の実施の形態が図示されている。図示される様に、システム10は、半導体ウェーハ14の様な基板を受け入れる様に適合されたリアクタ容器12を含む。図示される様に、石英の様な熱絶縁材料から形成される基板ホルダー15上に位置される。処理中に、基板ホルダー15は、或る実施の形態において、ウェーハ回転機構を使用してウェーハ14を回転する様に適合することができる。ウェーハ14を回転すると、ウェーハ14の表面に渡っての温度均一性をより良くすることができ、ウェーハ14とリアクタ容器12に導入されたガスとの間での接触及びガスの均一性を促進することができる。しかしながら、ウェーハ以外、例えば、光学部品、フィルム、ファイバ、リボン等の様な他の基板を処理する様にリアクタ容器12を適合することもできることを理解すべきである。
堆積プロセスは、飽和型又は連続成長型の何れかで実施することができる。堆積された薄膜の形態及び薄膜の特性は、含まれる異なる表面反応機構のために変化する。
Claims (34)
- 誘電体被膜を基板上に堆積するための方法であり、
i)基板を含む様に適合されるリアクタ容器、及び前記容器内に含まれる基板を加熱するためのリアクタ容器と連絡するエネルギー源を含むシステムを提供し、
ii)基板を第1の反応サイクルに曝し、前記第1の反応サイクルが、
a)前記エネルギー源で基板を第1の堆積温度に加熱し、前記第1の堆積温度が300°Cよりも高く、
b)基板が前記第1の堆積温度である第1の堆積期間の間、リアクタ容器に第1のガス前駆物質を供給し、前記第1のガス前駆物質が第1のガス前駆物質流速を有し、前記第1のガス前駆物質が有機金属化合物から成り、
c)基板が第1の酸化温度である第1の酸化期間の間、第1の酸化ガスを前記リアクタ容器に供給し、前記第1の酸化ガスが第1の酸化ガスの流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が、第1の反応サイクル中に形成される、ことを含み、そして
iii)基板を一回又はそれ以上の追加の反応サイクルに曝して目標厚さを達成する、ことからなり、
前記第1の反応サイクルにおける前記第1の堆積温度が、前記追加の反応サイクルにおける堆積温度よりも高く、
前記第1の反応サイクルにおける前記第1の堆積時間が、前記追加の反応サイクルにおける堆積時間よりも短く、
前記第1の反応サイクルにおける前記酸化期間、前記酸化温度および前記酸化ガスの流速が、前記追加の反応サイクルにおける酸化期間、酸化温度および酸化ガスの流速よりも大きいことを特徴とする
方法。 - 誘電体の少なくとも一つの分子層が、第1の反応サイクル中に形成される請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第1の堆積温度が500°Cよりも高い請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第1の堆積温度が500°Cから900°Cの間である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第1の酸化温度が500°Cよりも高い請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第1の酸化温度が500°Cと900°Cとの間である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第1の反応サイクルの後に、基板を第2の反応サイクルに曝することを含み、前記第2の反応サイクルが、
a)基板が第2の堆積温度にある第2の堆積期間の間、第2のガス前駆物質を前記リアクタ容器に供給し、前記の第2の堆積温度が300°C以上であり、前記第2のガス前駆物質が第2のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
b)基板が第2の酸化温度である第2の酸化期間の間、第2の酸化ガスを前記リアクタ容器に供給し、前記第2の酸化ガスが第2の酸化ガスの流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が、第2の反応サイクル中に形成される請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記第1の堆積温度が前記第2の堆積温度とは異なるか、又は前記第1のガス前駆物質の流速が前記第2のガス前駆物質流速とは異なるか、又は前記第1の堆積期間が前記第2の堆積期間とは異なるか、又は前記第1の酸化温度が第2の酸化温度とは異なるか、又は前記第1の酸化ガスの流速が前記第2の酸化ガスの流速と異なるか、又は前記第1の酸化期間が前記第2の酸化期間と異なるか、又はこれらの組合せである様に、第1の反応サイクル及び第2の反応サイクルを制御することを更に含む、請求項7記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が8よりも大きい誘電体定数を有する請求項1記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が10乃至80の誘電体定数を有する請求項1記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が金属酸化物を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記金属酸化物被膜の金属が、アルミニウム、タンタル、チタン、ジルコニウム、シリコン、ハフニウム、イットリウム、及びこれらの組合せのから成るグループから選択される請求項11記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜がケイ酸金属を含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 基板が半導体ウェーハである請求項1記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜を基板上に堆積するための方法であり、
i)基板を含む様に適合されたリアクタ容器、及び前記容器に含まれる基板を加熱するためのリアクタ容器と連絡するエネルギー源を含むシステムを提供し、そして
ii)前記基板を第1の反応サイクルに曝し、前記第1の反応サイクルが、
a)基板を第1の堆積温度にエネルギー源で加熱し、前記第1の堆積温度が300°Cより高く、
b)基板が前記第1の堆積温度である第1の堆積温度期間の間、前記リアクタ容器に第1のガス前駆物質を供給し、前記第1のガス前駆物質が第1のガス前駆物質流速を有し、前記第1のガス前駆物資が有機金属化合物からなり、
c)基板が第1の酸化温度である第1の酸化期間の間、前記リアクタ容器に第1の酸化ガスを供給し、前記第1の酸化ガスが第1の酸化ガス流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が、第の1反応サイクル中に形成されることを含み、そして
iii)前記基板を第2の反応サイクルに曝し、この第2の反応サイクルが、
a)基板が第2の堆積温度である第2の堆積期間の間、第2のガス前駆物質を前記リアクタ容器に供給し、前記第2の堆積温度が300°Cより高く、前記第2のガス前駆物質が第2のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
b)基板が第2の酸化温度である第2の酸化期間の間、前記リアクタ容器に第2の酸化ガスを供給し、前記第2の酸化ガスが第2の酸化ガスの流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が第2の反応サイクル中に形成されることを含み、そして
iv)随意的に、基板を一回又はそれ以上の追加の反応サイクルに、曝すことから成り、
前記第1の堆積温度が、前記第2の堆積温度よりも高く、
前記第1の堆積時間が、前記第2の堆積時間よりも短く、
前記第1の前記酸化期間、前記第1の酸化温度および前記第1の酸化ガス流速が、前記第2の酸化期間、第2の酸化温度および第2の酸化ガス流速よりも大きいことを特徴とする方法。 - 誘電体の少なくとも一つの分子層が、第1の反応サイクル、第2の反応サイクル又はそれらの組合わせ中に形成される請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記第1の堆積温度が500°C乃至900°Cである請求項16記載の方法。
- 前記第1の酸化温度が500°Cと900°Cとの間である請求項16記載の方法。
- 前記第1のガス前駆物質流速が前記第2のガス前駆物質流速とは異なる請求項15記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が8よりも高い誘電体定数を有する請求項15記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が10乃至80の誘電体定数を有する請求項15記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が金属酸化物を含む請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記金属酸化物被膜の前記金属が、アルミニウム、タンタル、チタン、ジルコニウム、シリコン、ハフニウム、イットリウム、及びこれらの組合せから成るグループから選択される請求項22記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜がケイ酸金属を含む請求項15記載の方法。
- 基板が半導体ウェーハであることを特徴とする請求項15記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜を堆積する方法が、
i)半導体ウェーハを含む様に適合されたリアクタ容器、及び前記容器に含まれる半導体ウェーハを加熱するための前記リアクタ容器と連絡するエネルギー源から成るシステムを与え、
ii)半導体ウェーハを第1の反応サイクルに曝し、前記第1の反応サイクルが、
a)前記半導体ウェーハを前記エネルギー源で第1の堆積温度に加熱し、前記第1の堆積温度が、300°Cよりも高く、
b)半導体ウェーハが前記第1の堆積温度にある第1の堆積期間の間、第1のガス前駆物質を前記容器に供給し、前記第1のガス前駆物質が第1のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
c)半導体ウェーハが前記第1の酸化温度にある第1の酸化期間の間、第1の酸化ガスを前記リアクタ容器に供給し、前記第1の酸化ガスが第1の酸化ガス流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が第1の反応サイクル中に形成されることを含み、そして
iii)半導体ウェーハを第2の反応サイクルに曝し、前記第2の反応サイクルが、
a)半導体ウェーハが第2の堆積温度にある第2の堆積期間の間、前記リアクタ容器に第2のガス前駆物質を供給し、前記第2の堆積温度が300°Cよりも高く、前記第2のガス前駆物質が第2のガス前駆物質流速を有し、
b)前記半導体ウェーハが第2の酸化温度にある第2の酸化期間の間、前記リアクタ容器に第2の酸化ガスを供給し、前記第2の酸化ガスが第2の酸化ガス流速を有し、誘電体の少なくとも部分的な分子層が第2の反応サイクル中に形成されることを含み、そして
iv)随意的に、半導体ウェーハを一回又はそれ以上の追加の反応サイクルに曝して、目標の厚さを達成することを含み、
前記第1の堆積温度が、前記第2の堆積温度よりも高く、
前記第1の堆積時間が、前記第2の堆積時間よりも短く、
前記第1の前記酸化期間、前記第1の酸化温度および前記第1の酸化ガス流速が、前記第2の酸化期間、第2の酸化温度および第2の酸化ガス流速よりも大きく、
前記第1のガス前駆物質、又は前記第2のガス前駆物質、又はこれらの組合せが、結果の誘電体被膜がケイ酸金属を含む有機金属化合物である方法。 - 少なくとも一つの分子層が、第1の反応サイクル、又は第2の反応サイクル、又はこれらの組合わせ中に、形成される請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記第1の堆積温度が、500°Cと900°Cとの間である請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記第1の酸化温度が500°Cと900°Cとの間である請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記第1のガス前駆物質流速が前記第2のガス前駆物質流速と異なる請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記第1のガス前駆物質、前記第2のガス前駆物質、又はこれらの組合わせが無機シリコン化合物からなる請求項26記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が8より大きい誘電体定数を有する請求項26記載の方法。
- 誘電体被膜が10乃至80の誘電体定数を有する請求項26記載の方法。
- 前記ケイ酸金属が、ケイ酸ジルコニウム、ケイ酸ハフニウム、及びこれらの組合わせからなるグループから選択される請求項26記載の方法。
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2002
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- 2002-03-19 CN CNB028067622A patent/CN1258617C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-03-19 US US10/101,539 patent/US6884719B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-03-19 WO PCT/US2002/008377 patent/WO2002090614A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-03-19 KR KR1020037012156A patent/KR100853903B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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KR20030085559A (ko) | 2003-11-05 |
US20060110531A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
CN1498285A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
KR100853903B1 (ko) | 2008-08-25 |
JP2005504432A (ja) | 2005-02-10 |
CN1258617C (zh) | 2006-06-07 |
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