JP4169074B2 - 鉄基希土類系ナノコンポジット磁石およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
鉄基希土類系ナノコンポジット磁石およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0579—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B with exchange spin coupling between hard and soft nanophases, e.g. nanocomposite spring magnets
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/045—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by other means than ball or jet milling
- B22F2009/046—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by other means than ball or jet milling by cutting
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0578—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
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Description
1a、2a、8a、および9a ガス排気口
1 溶解室
2 急冷室
3 溶解炉
4 貯湯容器
5 出湯ノズル
6 ロート
7 回転冷却ロール
21 溶湯
本実施形態では、例えば、図2に示す急冷装置を用いて原料合金を製造する。酸化しやすい希土類元素RやFeを含む原料合金の酸化を防ぐため、不活性ガス雰囲気中で合金製造工程を実行する。不活性ガスとしては、ヘリウムまたはアルゴン等の希ガスや窒素を用いることができる。
まず、以下の組成式で表現される原料合金の溶湯21を作製し、図2の溶解室1の貯湯容器4に貯える。
本実施形態では、熱処理をアルゴン雰囲気中で実行する。好ましくは、昇温速度を5℃/秒〜20℃/秒として、550℃以上850℃以下の温度で30秒以上20分以下の時間保持した後、室温まで冷却する。この熱処理によって、アモルファス相中に準安定相の微細結晶が析出・成長し、ナノコンポジット組織構造が形成される。本発明によれば、熱処理の開始時点で既に微細なNd2Fe14B型結晶相が全体の20体積%以上存在しているため、α−Fe相や他の結晶相の粗大化が抑制され、Nd2Fe14B型結晶相以外の各構成相(軟磁性相)が均一に微細化される。熱処理後に得られるナノコンポジット磁石は、Nd2Fe14B型結晶相の粒界に主としてα−Feが存在する組織構造を有している。α−Feの存在比率は、全体の5体積%以上であると考えられ、磁石全体の残留磁束密度が向上する。
前述のように、本発明による鉄基希土類ナノコンポジット磁石の組成は、T100-x-y-z-nQxRyTizMnの式で表される。ここで、TはFeまたは、CoおよびNiからなる群から選択された1種以上の元素とFeとを含む遷移金属元素、QはBおよびCからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種の元素、RはLaおよびCeを実質的に含まない1種以上の希土類元素、Mは、Al、Si、V、Cr、Mn、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ag、Hf、Ta、W、Pt、Au、およびPbからなる群から選択された1種以上の金属元素である。また、組成比率x、y、zおよびnは、それぞれ、5≦x≦10原子%、7≦y≦10原子%(好ましくは8≦y≦10原子%)、0.1≦z≦5原子%(好ましくは0.5≦z≦4原子%)、0≦n≦10原子%の関係を満足している。
以下の表1に示す組成を有する試料(No.1〜No.21)の各々について、Nd、Pr、B、C、Ti、Cu、Ga、Co、Zr、V、NbおよびFeの各材料を用いて総量が30グラム)となるように秤量し、底部に0.8mmφのオリフィスを有する透明石英製のノズル内に入れた。
表1のNo.22〜No.30の合金組成になるようNd、B、Nb、Cr、およびFeの各元素を配合した原料30gを、底部に0.8mmφのオリフィスを有する透明石英製のノズル内に入れた。その後、Ar雰囲気中で高周波加熱によりノズル内の原料を溶解し、得られた合金溶湯の温度が1400℃に到達した後、ノズル内を30kPaで加圧した。こうして、ノズル底部のオリフィスより、合金溶湯を回転ロール表面(Vs=20m/秒)に噴射し、合金溶湯を急冷した。こうして、幅0.9〜1.1mmで平均厚さ40〜50μmの急冷合金薄帯を作製した。
Claims (4)
- 組成式T100-x-y-z-nQxRyTizMn(TはFe、または、Feの一部がCoおよびNiからなる群から選択された1種以上の元素で置換された遷移金属元素、QはBおよびCからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種の元素、RはLaおよびCeを実質的に含まない1種以上の希土類元素、Mは、Al、Si、V、Cr、Mn、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ag、Hf、Ta、W、Pt、Au、およびPbからなる群から選択された1種以上の金属元素)で表現され、組成比率x、y、zおよびnが、それぞれ、
5≦x≦10原子%、
7≦y≦10原子%、
0.1≦z≦5原子%、
0≦n≦10原子%
を満足する組成を有し、
磁気的に結合したナノコンポジット磁石構造を形成するR2Fe14B型化合物相およびα−Fe相を含有し、
前記R2Fe14B型化合物相の平均結晶粒径は20nm以上であり、前記α−Fe相は前記R2Fe14B型化合物相の厚さ20nm以下の粒界領域のうち前記R2Fe14B型化合物相の粒界三重点に存在し、
前記α−Fe相の平均結晶粒径に対するR2Fe14B型化合物相の平均結晶粒径の比率が2.0以上であり、
保磁力が400kA/m以上、残留磁束密度0.9T以上の磁気特性を有する鉄基希土類ナノコンポジット磁石。 - 前記R2Fe14B型化合物相の平均結晶粒径は30nm以上300nm以下、前記α−Fe相の平均結晶粒径は1nm以上20nm以下である請求項1に記載の鉄基希土類ナノコンポジット磁石。
- 前記α−Fe相の体積比率は全体の5%以上である、請求項1に記載の鉄基希土類ナノコンポジット磁石。
- 請求項1に記載の鉄基希土類ナノコンポジット磁石の粉末を含むボンド磁石。
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JP2004364544 | 2004-12-16 | ||
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PCT/JP2005/022857 WO2006064794A1 (ja) | 2004-12-16 | 2005-12-13 | 鉄基希土類系ナノコンポジット磁石およびその製造方法 |
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JP2008162732A Active JP4858497B2 (ja) | 2004-12-16 | 2008-06-23 | 鉄基希土類系ナノコンポジット磁石粉末の製造方法 |
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US (1) | US7842140B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1826782B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP4169074B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101311058B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100590757C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006064794A1 (ja) |
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JP4687662B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-06 | 2011-05-25 | 日立金属株式会社 | 鉄基希土類合金磁石 |
JP5071409B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-24 | 2012-11-14 | 日立金属株式会社 | 鉄基希土類系ナノコンポジット磁石およびその製造方法 |
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EP1826782A1 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
JP4858497B2 (ja) | 2012-01-18 |
JPWO2006064794A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
EP1826782A4 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
US7842140B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 |
KR20070100095A (ko) | 2007-10-10 |
CN100590757C (zh) | 2010-02-17 |
US20090223606A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
CN1906713A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
JP2009013498A (ja) | 2009-01-22 |
EP1826782B1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
WO2006064794A1 (ja) | 2006-06-22 |
KR101311058B1 (ko) | 2013-09-24 |
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