JP2801653B2 - Ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and ferroelectric liquid crystal device - Google Patents
Ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and ferroelectric liquid crystal deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2801653B2 JP2801653B2 JP1165405A JP16540589A JP2801653B2 JP 2801653 B2 JP2801653 B2 JP 2801653B2 JP 1165405 A JP1165405 A JP 1165405A JP 16540589 A JP16540589 A JP 16540589A JP 2801653 B2 JP2801653 B2 JP 2801653B2
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- ferroelectric liquid
- optically active
- crystal composition
- compound
- Prior art date
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- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 ester compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyrimidine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC=N1 OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl benzoate Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FCJSHPDYVMKCHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は強誘電性液晶組成物および該組成物を用いた
強誘電性液晶素子に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and a ferroelectric liquid crystal device using the composition.
さらに詳しくは液晶分子の初期配向状態の優れた強誘
電性液晶組成物に関し、さらに該液晶組成物を用いた表
示ならびに駆動特性の優れた強誘電性液晶素子に関す
る。More specifically, the present invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition having an excellent initial alignment state of liquid crystal molecules, and further relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition and having excellent display and driving characteristics.
従来の液晶素子としては、例えば、ネマチック（nema
tic）液晶を利用したツイステッド・ネマチック（twist
ed nematic）液晶素子が知られている〔アプライド・フ
ィジックス・レターズ（Appl.Phys.Letters）vol.18、P
127（1971）〕。As a conventional liquid crystal element, for example, nematic (nema
tic) Twisted nematic using liquid crystal (twist)
ed nematic) Liquid crystal element is known [Appl. Phys. Letters] vol.18, P.
127 (1971)].
この液晶素子は、応答速度が遅く、また画素密度を高
くしたマトリックス電極構造を用いた時分割駆動の時、
クロストークが発生するという問題があり、画素数が制
限されていた。This liquid crystal element has a slow response speed and a time-division drive using a matrix electrode structure with a high pixel density.
There is a problem that crosstalk occurs, and the number of pixels is limited.
このような従来型の液晶素子の欠点を改善するものと
して強誘電性液晶を用いた強誘電性液晶素子が提案され
ている〔アプライド・フィジックス・レターズ（Appl.P
hys.Letters）vol.36、P899（1980）〕。A ferroelectric liquid crystal device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal has been proposed to improve the disadvantages of such a conventional liquid crystal device [Applied Physics Letters (Appl.
hys. Letters) vol. 36, P899 (1980)].
これは双安定性を有する強誘電性液晶を利用するもの
であり、一般に、カイラルスメクチックＣ相（Sm C＊）
又はＨ相（Sm H＊）を有する強誘電性液晶が用いられ
る。This utilizes a ferroelectric liquid crystal having bistability, and generally, a chiral smectic C phase (Sm C * )
Alternatively, a ferroelectric liquid crystal having an H phase (SmH * ) is used.
この液晶は電界に対して第１の光学的安定状態と第２
の光学的安定状態からなる双安定状態を有し、前述のツ
イステッドネマチック型の液晶で用いられた光学素子と
は異なり、例えば一方の電界ベクトルに対して第１の光
学的安定状態に液晶が配向し、他方の電界ベクトルに対
しては第２の光学的安定状態に液晶が配向される。さら
にこの型の液晶は、加えられる電界に応答し、極めて高
速に上記２つの安定状態のいずれかを取り、且つ電界の
印加のないときはその状態を維持する性質を有する。こ
のような性質を利用することにより従来にない液晶素子
が得られる。This liquid crystal has a first optically stable state and a second
The liquid crystal has a bistable state consisting of an optically stable state, and unlike the optical element used in the above-mentioned twisted nematic liquid crystal, for example, the liquid crystal is oriented to the first optically stable state with respect to one electric field vector. Then, the liquid crystal is oriented to the second optically stable state with respect to the other electric field vector. Further, this type of liquid crystal has a property of responding to an applied electric field, taking one of the above two stable states at a very high speed, and maintaining the state when no electric field is applied. By utilizing such properties, an unprecedented liquid crystal element can be obtained.
しかしながら、この双安定性を有する強誘電性液晶が
所定の駆動特性を発揮するには、一対の基板間に配置さ
れる液晶が、電界印加状態とは無関係に、上記２つの安
定状態の間での変換が効果的に起るような分子配列なら
びに分子層配列状態にすることが必要である。However, in order for the ferroelectric liquid crystal having bistability to exhibit predetermined driving characteristics, the liquid crystal disposed between the pair of substrates needs to move between the two stable states regardless of the electric field application state. It is necessary to make the molecular arrangement and the molecular layer arrangement state such that the conversion of the compound effectively occurs.
例えばSm C＊）層の液晶分子層が基板面に対し垂直で
あり、液晶分子軸が基板面に対しほぼ平行に配列した領
域（モノドメイン）を形成することが必要となる、しか
しながら従来の強誘電性液晶を利用した強誘電性液晶素
子においては液晶の配向状態が必ずしも満足に形成され
なかったために充分な特性が得られなかったのが実情で
ある。For example, it is necessary to form a region (monodomain) in which the liquid crystal molecular layer of the Sm C * ) layer is perpendicular to the substrate surface and the liquid crystal molecular axis is arranged almost parallel to the substrate surface. In fact, in a ferroelectric liquid crystal device using a dielectric liquid crystal, sufficient characteristics were not obtained because the alignment state of the liquid crystal was not always satisfactorily formed.
すなわち、配向欠陥（たとえばジグザグ欠陥）が生じ
たりまた、液晶等が曲がったり（ジェブロン構造）する
〔ジャパニーズ・ジャーナル・オブ・アプライド・フィ
ジックス（Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.）vol.27、P1（1988）；フ
ィジカル・レビュー・レターズ（Phys.Rev.Letters）vo
l.59P2658（1987）〕。That is, an alignment defect (for example, a zigzag defect) occurs, and a liquid crystal or the like bends (jeblon structure) [Japanese Journal of Applied Physics (Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.) Vol. 27, P1 ( 1988); Physical Review Letters (Phys. Rev. Letters) vo
l.59P2658 (1987)].
このために、コントラストや双安定性等が悪く実用上
非常に問題となっている。For this reason, the contrast, the bistability, and the like are poor, and are extremely problematic in practical use.
強誘電性液晶としては実用上単一の強誘電性液晶を用
いることはほとんどなく、諸特性（たとえば、応答速
度、コントラスト、温度領域）を向上させるために複数
の化合物より成る組成物として用いられることが多い。In practice, a single ferroelectric liquid crystal is rarely used as a ferroelectric liquid crystal, and is used as a composition comprising a plurality of compounds in order to improve various characteristics (for example, response speed, contrast, and temperature range). Often.
工業的見地から見れば、複数の高価な光学活性化合物
のみから強誘電性液晶組成物を構成する方法よりも、非
光学活性化合物と光学活性化合物とより強誘電性液晶組
成物を構成した方が、より経済的に有利である。From an industrial point of view, it is better to construct a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition with a non-optically active compound and an optically active compound than with a method of constructing a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition only from a plurality of expensive optically active compounds. , More economically advantageous.
これまでにも、非光学活性化合物と、光学活性化合物
とより構成された強誘電性液晶組成物が報告されている
（たとえば、特開昭63−301290号、特開昭63−254183号
を挙げることができる）。So far, ferroelectric liquid crystal compositions composed of a non-optically active compound and an optically active compound have been reported (for example, JP-A-63-301290 and JP-A-63-254183). be able to).
しかしながら、現在までに報告されている強誘電性液
晶組成物は層構造が曲がった構造となっているために、
ジグザグ欠陥が生じている〔ジャパニーズ・ジャーナル
・オブ・アプライド・フィジックス（Jpn.J.Appl.Phy
s.）vol.27、P725（1988）〕。However, since the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition reported to date has a layered structure,
Zigzag defects occur [Japanese Journal of Applied Physics (Jpn.J.Appl.Phy
s.) vol. 27, P725 (1988)].
このために、配向性の良好な強誘電性液晶組成物なら
びに強誘電性液晶素子が望まれている。For this reason, a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having good orientation are desired.
本発明の目的は、前述した事情に鑑み、高速応答性、
高密度画素と大面積を有する表示素子、あるいは高速度
のシャッタースピードを有する光シャッター等として潜
在的な適性を有する強誘電性液晶において、従来問題で
あった配向性を改善することによりその特性を充分に発
揮させうる強誘電性組成物および該組成物を用いた強誘
電性液晶素子を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed response,
In ferroelectric liquid crystals that have potential suitability as display elements with high-density pixels and large areas, or optical shutters with high-speed shutter speeds, the characteristics of conventional ferroelectric liquid crystals are improved by improving the alignment, which has been a problem in the past. An object of the present invention is to provide a ferroelectric composition which can be sufficiently exerted and a ferroelectric liquid crystal device using the composition.
本発明は、少なくとも１種以上の非光学活性化合物
と、少なくとも１種以上の光学活性化合物とよりなる強
誘電性液晶組成物において、非光学活性化合物として、
一般式（Ｉ）で表されることを特徴とする強誘電性液晶
組成物であり、また該強誘電性液晶組成物を対向する２
枚の基板間に配置した強誘電性液晶素子である。The present invention provides a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising at least one or more non-optically active compounds and at least one or more optically active compounds;
A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition represented by the general formula (I), wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition is
This is a ferroelectric liquid crystal element arranged between two substrates.
第１図は本発明の代表的な強誘電性液晶素子の構成を
部分断面図で示す。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a typical ferroelectric liquid crystal device of the present invention.
（式中、R1、R2は炭素数４〜16のアルキル基、又はアル
コキシアルキル基を示し、X1、X2、X3はそれぞれ、単結
合、−Ｏ−、 又は を示し、ｍは１又は２、Ｚは水素原子又はハロゲン原子
を示す。） 一般式（Ｉ）で示される具体的な化合物の例として
は、以下の構造の化合物を挙げることができる。 (Wherein, R 1 and R 2 represent an alkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group, and X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 each represent a single bond, —O—, Or And m represents 1 or 2, and Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom. Examples of the specific compound represented by the general formula (I) include a compound having the following structure.
強誘電性液晶組成物中、非光学活性化合物は、100重
量％では、強誘電性を示さなくなるために好ましくな
く、５〜95重量％の範囲で存在することが好ましい。ま
た、光学活性化合物は５〜95重量％が好ましい。 In the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition, the non-optically active compound is not preferred at 100% by weight because ferroelectricity is not exhibited, and is preferably present in the range of 5 to 95% by weight. The content of the optically active compound is preferably 5 to 95% by weight.
さらに、非光学活性化合物成中、一般式（Ｉ）で表さ
れる化合物は５重量％以上存在すれば、液晶組成物の配
向性を大幅に改善する効果がある。また、非光学活性化
合物としては、一般式（Ｉ）で表される化合物以外に
も、粘度の調整やカイラルスメクチックＣ相の温度領域
の調整等の目的で、公知の化合物を液晶組成物の構成成
分として使用できる。たとえば、その例としてはフェニ
ルベンゾエート化合物のようなエステル化合物あるい
は、フェニルピリミジン化合物のようなピリミジン骨格
を有する化合物を挙げることができる。Furthermore, when the compound represented by the general formula (I) is present in an amount of 5% by weight or more during the formation of the non-optically active compound, the effect of greatly improving the orientation of the liquid crystal composition is obtained. As the non-optically active compound, in addition to the compound represented by the general formula (I), a known compound may be used for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity or adjusting the temperature range of the chiral smectic C phase. Can be used as an ingredient. For example, examples thereof include an ester compound such as a phenylbenzoate compound and a compound having a pyrimidine skeleton such as a phenylpyrimidine compound.
また、光学活性化合物としては、たとえば公知の光学
活性フェニルベンゾエート化合物、光学活性ナフタレン
化合物、光学活性ビフェニル化合物あるいは光学活性フ
ェニルピリミジン化合物等を挙げることができる。Examples of the optically active compound include known optically active phenylbenzoate compounds, optically active naphthalene compounds, optically active biphenyl compounds and optically active phenylpyrimidine compounds.
本発明の特定の骨格を有する化合物を含有してなる強
誘電性液晶組成物は、非常に配向性に優れており、該強
誘電性液晶組成物を用いた強誘電性液晶素子は、双安定
性に優れ、高コントラストの表示ができる。A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition containing a compound having a specific skeleton according to the present invention has extremely excellent alignment properties, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal device using the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition is bistable. Excellent display performance and high contrast display.
以下、本発明を実施例により詳しく説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.
実施例及び比較例における液晶パネルの評価は次のよ
うにして行った。The evaluation of the liquid crystal panels in the examples and comparative examples was performed as follows.
実施例および比較例に示す組成物をラビング処理した
施したPVA（ポリビニールアルコール）を配向膜とし、
透明電極付の二枚のガラス基板（50×50mm2）の間（ギ
ャップ２μｍ）に封入し、液晶パネルを作成した。PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) obtained by rubbing the composition shown in Examples and Comparative Examples was used as an alignment film,
It was sealed between two glass substrates (50 × 50 mm 2 ) with a transparent electrode (gap: 2 μm) to prepare a liquid crystal panel.
この液晶パネルをクロスニコル状態で顕微鏡観察し、
ジグザグ欠陥の有無を調べた。Microscopic observation of this liquid crystal panel in crossed Nicols state,
The presence or absence of zigzag defects was examined.
また双安定性（メモリー性）の評価は次のようにして
行なった。The evaluation of bistability (memory property) was performed as follows.
長さ400μｓ、波高値15Vのパルス波を各パネルに印加
し、0.5秒後の透過光量をパルス印加時の透過光量と比
較した。パルス印加時の透過率を100％とした時、0.5秒
後の透過率が何パーセントであるかによって評価した。
すなわち、0.5秒後の光透過率が高いほど双安定性が良
いことになる。A pulse wave having a length of 400 μs and a peak value of 15 V was applied to each panel, and the transmitted light amount after 0.5 seconds was compared with the transmitted light amount when the pulse was applied. Assuming that the transmittance at the time of applying the pulse was 100%, the transmittance was evaluated by what percentage was the transmittance 0.5 seconds later.
That is, the higher the light transmittance after 0.5 seconds, the better the bistability.
結果を第１表に示した。 The results are shown in Table 1.
実施例１ 比較例１ 実施例１に示した液晶組成物を一般式（Ｉ）で表され
る化合物を含まない化合物のみで、以下のような組成で
液晶組成物を作成した。Example 1 Comparative Example 1 A liquid crystal composition having the following composition was prepared using only the compound not containing the compound represented by the general formula (I) in the liquid crystal composition shown in Example 1.
比較例２ 実施例２、３、４ 比較例２に示した光学活性化合物より成る液晶組成物
90重量％に対し、次に示す各一般式（Ｉ）で表される化
合物を10重量％を加え、液晶組成物を作成した。 Comparative Example 2 Examples 2, 3, 4 Liquid crystal compositions comprising the optically active compounds shown in Comparative Example 2
A liquid crystal composition was prepared by adding 10% by weight of a compound represented by each of the following general formulas (I) to 90% by weight.
実施例５ 〔発明の効果〕 以上述べたように本発明によれば、特定の骨格を有す
る化合物を強誘電性液晶組成物の構成成分として使用す
ると、その組成物は非常に配向性が良く、双安定性も良
好であり、すぐれた強誘電性液晶素子を提供することが
可能である。 Example 5 [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when a compound having a specific skeleton is used as a component of a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition, the composition has very good alignment properties and bistability. Is excellent, and an excellent ferroelectric liquid crystal element can be provided.
第１図は、本発明の強誘電性液晶素子の部分断面図であ
る。 １……偏光板 ２……ガラス基板 ３……透明電極 ４……配向膜 ５……液晶 ６……スペーサー ７……シール材FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a ferroelectric liquid crystal device of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Polarizing plate 2 ... Glass substrate 3 ... Transparent electrode 4 ... Alignment film 5 ... Liquid crystal 6 ... Spacer 7 ... Sealing material
Claims (2)
少なくとも１種以上の光学活性化合物とよりなる強誘電
性液晶組成物において、非光学活性化合物として、一般
式（Ｉ）で表される化合物を少なくとも１種以上含有す
ることを特徴とする強誘電性液晶組成物。 （式中、R1、R2は炭素数４〜16のアルキル基、又はアル
コキシアルキル基を示し、X1、X2、X3はそれぞれ、単結
合、−Ｏ−、−Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｏ−、又は−OC（＝Ｏ）−を
示し、ｍは１又は２、Ｚは水素原子又はハロゲン原子を
示す。但し、ｍが１で、X2が単結合の場合には、X1およ
びX3の少なくとも１つは−Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｏ−、又は−OC
（＝Ｏ）−を示す。）1. A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising at least one or more non-optically active compounds and at least one or more optically active compounds, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (I) is used as the non-optically active compound. A ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising at least one or more of the following. (Wherein, R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group, and X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 each represent a single bond, —O—, —C (＝ O) O— or —OC (＝ O) —, m represents 1 or 2, Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, provided that when m is 1 and X 2 is a single bond, X 1 and At least one of X 3 is —C (＝ O) O—, or —OC
(= O)-. )
以上の非光学活性化合物と少なくとも１種以上の光学活
性化合物とよりなる強誘電性液晶組成物を配置した強誘
電性液晶素子であって、強誘電性液晶組成物が非光学活
性化合物として一般式（Ｉ）で表される化合物を少なく
とも１種以上含有することを特徴とする強誘電性液晶素
子。 （式中、R1、R2は炭素数４〜16のアルキル基、又はアル
コキシアルキル基を示し、X1、X2、X3はそれぞれ、単結
合、−Ｏ−、−Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｏ−、又は−OC（＝Ｏ）−を
示し、ｍは１又は２、Ｚは水素原子又はハロゲン原子を
示す。但し、ｍが１で、X2が単結合の場合には、X1およ
びX3の少なくとも１つは−Ｃ（＝Ｏ）Ｏ−、又は−OC
（＝Ｏ）−を示す。）2. A ferroelectric liquid crystal device having a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition comprising at least one or more non-optically active compounds and at least one or more optically active compounds disposed between two opposing substrates. A ferroelectric liquid crystal device characterized in that the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition contains at least one compound represented by the general formula (I) as a non-optically active compound. (Wherein, R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group, and X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 each represent a single bond, —O—, —C (＝ O) O— or —OC (＝ O) —, m represents 1 or 2, Z represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, provided that when m is 1 and X 2 is a single bond, X 1 and At least one of X 3 is —C (＝ O) O—, or —OC
(= O)-. )
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1165405A JP2801653B2 (en) | 1989-06-29 | 1989-06-29 | Ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and ferroelectric liquid crystal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1165405A JP2801653B2 (en) | 1989-06-29 | 1989-06-29 | Ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and ferroelectric liquid crystal device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0331392A JPH0331392A (en) | 1991-02-12 |
| JP2801653B2 true JP2801653B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 |
Family
ID=15811789
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1165405A Expired - Fee Related JP2801653B2 (en) | 1989-06-29 | 1989-06-29 | Ferroelectric liquid crystal composition and ferroelectric liquid crystal device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2801653B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0545655A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-02-26 | Sharp Corp | Ferroelectric liquid crystal display device |
| JP2763220B2 (en) * | 1991-12-11 | 1998-06-11 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display |
| US5861108A (en) * | 1995-07-07 | 1999-01-19 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Naphthalene compound, and liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element using the same |
| WO2006126262A1 (en) | 2005-05-25 | 2006-11-30 | Sebek Limited | Stapler |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02696A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1990-01-05 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element prepared by using same |
| JPH0830032B2 (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1996-03-27 | 三井石油化学工業株式会社 | Substituted naphthalene compound |
| JP2667577B2 (en) * | 1989-01-16 | 1997-10-27 | イギリス国 | Phenylnaphthalene with liquid crystal properties |
| JPH02272088A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-11-06 | Canon Inc | Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element containing the same |
-
1989
- 1989-06-29 JP JP1165405A patent/JP2801653B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0331392A (en) | 1991-02-12 |
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