JP2022051872A - ベタヒスチンを含む鼻腔内組成物 - Google Patents
ベタヒスチンを含む鼻腔内組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2017年2月2日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/453,931号に対する優先権の利益を主張し、その内容は全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示は、一般に、ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む薬学的組成物、及び、例えば、耳鼻科または神経障害の治療におけるそれらの使用方法に関する。
本発明は、例えば、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
治療上有効な量のベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩の溶液または懸濁液、及び増粘剤を含む、ヒト患者への鼻腔内送達用の薬学的組成物。
(項目2)
ヒトへの単回鼻腔内投与後、ベタヒスチンのCmaxが以下の80~125%の範囲である、項目1に記載の薬学的組成物:
5mgのベタヒスチン用量について約640pg/mL、
10mgのベタヒスチン用量について約2000pg/mL、
20mgのベタヒスチン用量について約4000pg/mL、または
40mgのベタヒスチン用量について約10500pg/mL。
(項目3)
ヒトへの単回鼻腔内投与後の、ベタヒスチンのAUC0-lastが以下の約80%~125%の範囲である、項目1または2に記載の薬学的組成物:
5mgのベタヒスチン用量について約210pg*時間/mL、
10mgのベタヒスチン用量について約500pg*時間/mL、
20mgのベタヒスチン用量について約1600pg*時間/mL、または
40mgのベタヒスチン用量について約3500pg*時間/mL。
(項目4)
ヒトへの単回鼻腔内投与後の、ベタヒスチンのAUC0-infが以下の約80%~125%の範囲である、項目1~3のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物:
5mgのベタヒスチン用量について約275pg*時間/mL、
10mgのベタヒスチン用量について約700pg*時間/mL、
20mgのベタヒスチン用量について約1630pg*時間/mL、または
40mgのベタヒスチン用量について約3940pg*時間/mL。
(項目5)
ヒトへの単回鼻腔内投与後、ベタヒスチンのtmaxが約0.08~0.5時間の範囲である、項目1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目6)
前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩が、ベタヒスチン遊離塩基、ベタヒスチン塩酸塩、ベタヒスチンフマル酸塩、ベタヒスチンマレイン酸塩、ベタヒスチン酒石酸塩、ベタヒスチンクエン酸塩、ベタヒスチンコハク酸塩、ベタヒスチンフタル酸塩及びベタヒスチンメシル酸塩からなる群より選択される、項目1~5のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目7)
前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩がベタヒスチン二塩酸塩である、項目1~6のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目8)
前記増粘剤が、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアルコール、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース-Na、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ポリエチル-オキシド、カルボポール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、アルギン酸塩、カラギーナン、ペクチン類、マルトデキストリン、デンプングリコール酸ナトリウム、トラガカントガム、アラビアゴム、微結晶セルロース及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目1~7のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目9)
前記増粘剤がポリビニルピロリドンである、項目8に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目10)
1つ以上の保湿剤をさらに含む、項目1~9のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目11)
前記1つ以上の保湿剤が、グリセリン、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコール400、ヘキサレングリコール、ブチレングリコール、デキストロース、グリセリルトリアセテート、ポリデキストロース、グリセロール、グリセリルトリアセテート、ソルビトール、マンニトール、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目10に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目12)
前記1つ以上の保湿剤が、グリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール400、及びプロピレングリコールからなる群より選択される、項目11に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目13)
前記組成物が、ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を、約1mg/mL~約1000mg/mLの濃度で含む、項目1~12のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。(項目14)
前記組成物が、ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を、約10mg/mL~約400mg/mLの濃度で含む、項目13に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目15)
前記組成物が、約5mg~約100mgの量のベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む単位用量の形態である、項目1~14のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目16)
前記組成物が、約5mg、約10mg、約20mg、約40mg、または約80mgの量のベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む単位用量の形態である、項目1~15のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目17)
前記組成物が、単位用量あたり約1μL~約1000μLの前記組成物を含む単位用量の形態である、項目1~14のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目18)
前記組成物がスプレーまたはエアロゾルとして投与され得る、項目1~17のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目19)
前記組成物が水溶液である、項目1~18のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目20)
前記組成物が脂質を含む、項目1~19のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目21)
少なくとも1つの追加の薬学的に活性な薬剤をさらに含む、項目1~20のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目22)
前記少なくとも1つの追加の薬学的に活性な薬剤がグルタミン酸受容体アンタゴニストである、項目21に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目23)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのCmaxが少なくとも約0.5ng/mLである、項目1~22のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目24)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのCmaxが少なくとも約4ng/mLである、項目1~23のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目25)
前記組成物の単回投与量が20mgまたは40mgのベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、項目1~24のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目26)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのtmaxが約0.08時間以上である、項目1~25のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目27)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのtmaxが約0.12時間以上である、項目1~26のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目28)
前記組成物の単回投与量が20mgまたは40mgのベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、項目1~27のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目29)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのAUC0-lastが、少なくとも約0.2時間*ng/mLである、項目1~28のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目30)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのAUC0-lastが、少なくとも約1.5時間*ng/mLである、項目1~29のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目31)
前記組成物の単回投与量が20mgのベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、項目30に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目32)
前記組成物の単回鼻腔内投与後のヒト血漿中のベタヒスチンのAUC0-lastが、少なくとも約3.0時間*ng/mLである、項目1~31のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目33)
前記組成物の単回投与量が40mgのベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む、項目33に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目34)
少なくとも1つの酵素阻害剤または吸収促進剤をさらに含む、項目1~33のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目35)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物及び少なくとも1つの酵素阻害剤または吸収促進剤を含む薬学的組み合わせ。
(項目36)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを包含する、内耳障害、前庭障害、神経耳鼻科障害、耳鼻科障害または神経障害を治療する方法。
(項目37)
前記方法が前庭障害を治療するためのものである、項目36に記載の方法。
(項目38)
前記前庭障害が前庭性めまいまたはメニエール病である、項目37に記載の方法。
(項目39)
前記方法が、耳鳴りまたは難聴から選択される内耳障害を治療するためのものである、項目36に記載の方法。
(項目40)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを含む、内耳障害、前庭障害、神経耳鼻科障害、耳鼻科障害、または神経障害の症状を治療または軽減する方法。
(項目41)
前記方法が前庭障害の症状を治療または軽減するためのものである、項目40に記載の方法。
(項目42)
前記内耳障害の症状が、難聴、耳鳴り、悪心またはめまいである、項目41に記載の方法。
(項目43)
前記難聴が急性難聴である、項目43に記載の方法。
(項目44)
前庭リハビリテーションを容易にするために、項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に対して投与する方法。
(項目45)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを含む、内耳障害、前庭障害、神経耳鼻科障害、耳鼻科障害または神経障害の予防方法。
(項目46)
前記方法が前庭障害の予防のためである、項目45に記載の方法。
(項目47)
前記前庭障害が前庭性めまいまたはメニエール病である、項目46に記載の方法。
(項目48)
前記方法が、耳鳴りまたは難聴から選択される内耳障害の予防のためである、項目45に記載の方法。
(項目49)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを含む、対象における蝸牛血流または前庭血流を増大させる方法。
(項目50)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを含む、対象における肥満、体重増大、及び/または摂食障害を治療する方法。
(項目51)
項目1~34のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物を、それを必要とする対象に鼻腔内投与することを含む、対象の体重増大を減少させる方法。
(項目52)
前記体重増大が、ヒスタミン受容体に作用する抗精神病薬の投与によって誘導される、項目51に記載の方法。
(項目53)
前記抗精神病薬がオランザピンである、項目52に記載の方法。
(項目54)
前記組成物が、1日に1回、1日に2回、1日に3回、1日に4回、1日に5回、1日に6回、1日に7回、1日に8回、1日に9回、または1日に10回投与される、項目36~53のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目55)
前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩の一日総投与量が、ヒト患者の体重あたり約0.01mg/kg~約20mg/kgである、項目36~54のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目56)
前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩の一日総投与量が約1~200mgである、項目36~55のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目57)
前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩の一日総投与量が5~100mgである、項目36~56のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目58)
前記組成物が、前記ベタヒスチンまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む単位用量中で、1単位用量あたり約1mg~約100mgのベタヒスチンという量で投与される、項目36~57のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目59)
ヒトへの単回鼻腔内投与後に、鼻腔内に送達されたベタヒスチンの相対的バイオアベイラビリティが、経口的に送達されたベタヒスチンに対して最大約10~50倍高い、項目1~4のいずれか1項に記載の薬学的組成物。
一実施形態では、本開示の薬学的組成物は、本開示の薬学的組成物の単回投与後に、ヒト血漿濃度において検出可能なベタヒスチンのCmaxを提供する。一実施形態では、本開示の薬学的組成物の単回投与後のヒト血漿濃度におけるベタヒスチンのCmaxは、少なくとも約0.2ng/mLまたは少なくとも約0.5ng/mLである。一実施形態では、Cmaxは、約1mg~約250mgのベタヒスチンまたは薬学的に許容される塩の単回投与の後に測定される。一実施形態では、Cmaxは、約5mg、約10mg、約20mg、約30mg、約40mg、約50mg、約60mg、約70mg、約80mg、約90mg、約100mg、約150mg、または約200mgのベタヒスチンまたは薬学的に許容される塩の単回投与後に測定される。他の実施形態では、鼻腔内に投与される5mgのベタヒスチン用量のCmaxは、約640pg/mLの約80%~約125%、鼻腔内に投与された10mgのベタヒスチン用量について約2000pg/mLの約80%~約125%、鼻腔内投与された20mgのベタヒスチン用量について約4000pg/mLの約80%~約125%、鼻腔内に投与された40mgのベタヒスチン日について約10500pg/mLの約80%~約125%の範囲である。他の実施形態では、鼻腔内に投与される5mgのベタヒスチン用量のCmaxは、約230~約1260pg/mLの約80%~約125%、鼻腔内投与された10mgのベタヒスチン用量について約790~約3470pg/mLの約80%~約125%、鼻腔内投与された20mgのベタヒスチン用量について約1900~約8300pg/mLの約80%~約125%、及び鼻腔内投与された、40mgのベタヒスチン用量について約8000~約16000pg/mLの約80%~約125%の範囲である。
ベタヒスチン二塩酸塩を含む本開示による薬学的組成物の鼻腔内送達製剤が、Otifex Therapeuticsにより供給され、必要になるまで周囲条件でデシケーター内に保存された。
鼻腔内ベタヒスチンの安全性及び薬物動態プロファイルを、最初に、雄及び雌のビーグル犬(14~21月齢、体重8.2~11.8kg)における単回投与毒性試験において評価した。ビヒクルと試験品の両方を、全投与量レベル0(ビヒクル)、4、20または80mgのベタヒスチン二塩酸塩で、両方の鼻孔に鼻腔用スプレーポンプ(Aptar Classic Line)を介して100μLの送達体積を単回投与量で送達した。各処置群は、1つの性別あたり1頭の犬から構成された。動物を7日間観察し、次いで反復投与試験に使用する前に3日間のウオッシュアウト期間を許容し、反復投与試験では、犬にはおよそ4時間隔てられた3回の投与、0(ビヒクル)、12、60または240mgのベタヒスチン二塩酸塩で毎日14連続日にわたって投与した。
鼻腔内ベタヒスチンの安全性及び薬物動態プロファイルを、合計32人の健常な男性及び女性ボランティアを含む二重盲検無作為化プラセボ対照単回漸増用量臨床試験でさらに評価した。主な選択基準は、対象は18~45歳でなければならず、18~30kg/m2の範囲内の肥満度指数を示さなければならないというものであった。対象は、研究薬物投与前の8時間、及び投与後2時間の絶食を要求された。研究薬物投与の1時間前から及び投与後1時間水を差し控えた。
pH値を5.5に調整することを除いて、実施例1及び表2に従って、10及び200mg/mLのベタヒスチンを含む製剤を調製した。
この試験では、雄及び雌のビーグル犬(5~7か月齢、体重5~11kg、各性別3kgの範囲内)にベタヒスチンを単回投与した後のベタヒスチンの薬物動態プロファイルを、3つの投与経路:経口、鼻腔内、及び静脈内について評価した。
経口ベタヒスチンと比較した鼻腔内ベタヒスチンの相対的バイオアベイラビリティの計算のために、実施例3で決定した濃度-時間曲線下面積(AUC)を、Barakら(Journal of Psychopharmacology,2016,Vol.30(3)237-241)に記載の健常ボランティアにおける経口ベタヒスチンを用いた試験で決定されたAUCと比較した。手短に言えば、この試験では、48人の健常な女性を募集して、4週間、ベタヒスチン144mg/日(48mg1日3回)または対応するプラセボのいずれかを経口(すなわち経口的に)投与するように無作為化した。それらの平均体重は、活性薬処置群(n=24)では60.2kg、プラセボ群(n=24)では59.8kgであった。試験薬(ベタヒスチンまたは対応するプラセボ)を、食事の少なくとも30分前に投与した。8日目に、午前8時、ならびにその後30、60、150及び300分で、それぞれ6mLの血液試料を採取した。ベタヒスチン及びその代謝産物2-PAAの血漿濃度は、高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって決定した。AUC(0-5h)は、約0.8mg/kgの用量で121pg*時間/mLであった。
本明細書で引用する全ての参考文献、論文、刊行物、特許、特許公報、及び特許出願は、あらゆる目的のためにそれらの全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。しかし、本明細書中に引用されるいずれの参考文献、記事、刊行物、特許、特許公報、及び特許出願の言及も、それらが有効な先行技術となること、または世界のどの国の共通の一般的な知識の一部を形成することを認めること、または示唆のいかなる形態でもなく、そのように解釈されるべきでもない。
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