JP2018537155A - 患者の体内における内視鏡の位置を追跡するための装置及び方法 - Google Patents
患者の体内における内視鏡の位置を追跡するための装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
任意に、検出器は、内視鏡本体の長さに沿って長軸方向に配置され、少なくとも0.1mmの予め定められた間隔で配置される。
任意に、制御装置は、患者の位置を定義する座標系に対して内視鏡の方向の変換を実行し、かつ、前記変換を前記画像に適用することによって、前記画像の方向を合わせる。
任意に、第1方位データは、内視鏡座標系に対する内視鏡本体の位置を示すデータである。
任意に、内視鏡システムは、方向を合わせて重ね合わせた内視鏡本体の画像を制御装置から受信して、患者の上に投影する投影機をさらに備える。
任意に、複数の方位マーカーは、ピンポイントサイズのレーザービームからなる。
任意に、複数のセンサーは、電気光学的方法および機械的方法のうちのいずれか一方によって内視鏡の挿入チューブの屈曲とねじりを計測する加速度計、ジャイロスコープ、磁力計、ストライプのうちの1つ以上を備える。
任意に、撮影された基準マーカーは、物体検出アルゴリズムを用いて患者の臓器モデル上で検出される。さらに任意に、撮影された基準マーカーは、ホーン変換を用いて患者の臓器モデル上で検出される。任意に、方法は、較正された投影機を用いて、内視鏡の位置を患者の体に直接的に投影することをさらに含む。
任意に、撮影された基準マーカーは、内視鏡の座標系から光学追跡装置の座標系に物体検出アルゴリズムを用いて変換される。さらに任意に、撮影された基準マーカーは、内視鏡の座標系から光学追跡装置の座標系にホーン変換を用いて変換される。
本願発明にかかる上述した実施形態またはその他の実施形態は、以下の図面および詳細な説明においてさらに詳細に説明する。
「主制御ユニット」は、「制御ユニット」または「主制御装置」とも呼称される。
「ワーキングチャネル」は、「サービスチャネル」とも呼称される。
「可撓性シャフト」は、屈曲部分または椎骨機構とも呼称される。
本願明細書に亘って使用される「基準」は、基準マーカーなど標準物または参照物を指す際に使用される。
本願発明の実施形態において、先端カバーは、内視鏡の先端部分を収容する。先端カバーを備える先端部分は、可撓性シャフトで方向転換または操作され、屈曲部分、例えば、椎骨機構と呼称される。先端カバーは、電子回路基板アセンブリと流体チャネリング要素などの先端部分の内側部の上面を覆い、体管腔などから、内側部にある内部構成要素を保護する。その結果、内視鏡は、体管腔内において診断または外科手術を実施することができる。先端部分は、施術の標的である体管腔内の部位を可視化するために、カメラ等の1つ以上の可視化要素を備える。
本願発明の別の実施形態では、患者の体内における内視鏡の位置は、数か所で内視鏡の挿入チューブの方向を計測するセンサーによって追跡される。複数の実施形態において、電子光学的または機械的方法によって挿入チューブの屈曲やねじりを計測する加速度計や、ジャイロスコープ、磁力計(電子コンパス)およびストライプ(stripes)などのセンサーが使用される。別の実施形態では、内視鏡は、患者の体管腔内で内視鏡が移動した距離に関するリアルタイムの情報を提供すべく挿入チューブに沿って一体的に配置されたセンサーを備える。
内視鏡の3次元座標は、屈曲行列を用いて積分することにより計算された方向から再構成することができる。屈曲行列は、内視鏡の屈曲についての計測値を提供する。内視鏡の3次元座標は、屈曲行列によって与えられる屈曲情報から再構成することができる。ある実施形態では、内視鏡の座標系と光学追跡装置の座標系の両方において、2つの座標を一致させる為に既知の座標を有する基準マーカーが用いられる。
複数の実施形態において、基準マーカーとセンサーとを用いて決定された内視鏡の方向は、カメラ座標系に変換されて、患者の位置、サイズ、カメラの相対的位置に基づいて縮尺が調節されて患者の上に投影される。
別の実施形態では、患者の体内における内視鏡の位置は、屈曲行列、電磁的追跡、または上述した1つ以上のセンサー等を使用することにより、外部座標系によって決定しうる。このような実施形態では、基準マーカーは、外部参照座標追跡システムに配置される。
Claims (26)
- 内視鏡ハンドルと患者の胃腸管に挿入される内視鏡本体とを備える内視鏡システムであって、システムは、
前記内視鏡ハンドルに配置された複数の方位マーカーと、前記方位マーカーが前記内視鏡ハンドルの外周面に配置されていることと、
前記内視鏡本体の外部表面に沿って長軸方向の異なる位置に配置された複数のセンサーと、前記複数のセンサーの各々が第1方位データを形成することと、
患者の体外に配置されて前記複数の方位マーカーを検出し、かつ、第2方位データを形成する1つ以上のカメラと、
前記第1方位データと前記第2方位データとを受信して患者の胃腸管内における前記内視鏡本体の位置を示すデータを形成する制御装置と、
からなる内視鏡システム。 - 前記内視鏡本体の位置を示すデータは、患者の胃腸管内に挿入された内視鏡本体の全体の位置を含む、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記センサーは、前記内視鏡本体の長さに沿って長軸方向に配置され、かつ、少なくとも0.1mmの予め決められた間隔で配置される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 制御装置は、前記内視鏡本体の位置を示すデータに基づいて前記内視鏡本体の画像を形成する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記制御装置は、患者の位置を定義する座標系に対して内視鏡の方向の変換を実行し、かつ、前記画像に前記変換を適用することによって、前記画像の方向を合わせる、請求項4に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記制御装置は、方向を合わせた前記内視鏡本体の画像の重ね合わせ画像を形成するために、方向を合わせた前記画像を患者の胃腸管の一部の画像に重ね合わせる、請求項5に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記第1方位データは、内視鏡の座標系に対する前記内視鏡本体の位置を示す、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記第2方位データは、患者の座標系に対する前記内視鏡ハンドルの位置を示す、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記制御装置から、方向を合わせて重ね合わせた前記内視鏡本体の画像を受信して、患者の上にその画像を投影する投影機をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記複数の方位マーカーは、前記内視鏡のハンドルに配置された球体からなり、前記球体の各々は、0.5〜2cmの範囲の直径を有する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記複数の方位マーカーは、ピンポイントサイズのレーザービームからなる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記複数の方位マーカーは、赤外光を反射または放出する材料から形成される、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記複数のセンサーは、電子光学的方法と機械的方法とのうちのいずれか一方によって前記内視鏡の挿入チューブの屈曲とねじりを計測する加速度計、ジャイロスコープ、磁力計、ストライプのうちの1つ以上からなる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記複数のセンサーは、前記内視鏡の長尺シャフトおよび挿入チューブのうちのいずれか一方に沿って配置された誘導センサー、容量センサー、容量変位センサー、光電子センサー、磁気センサー、および赤外線センサーのうちの1つ以上からなり、前記センサーの各々は、前記挿入チューブに沿ったセンサーの位置に基づく固有の識別子に対応している、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 前記内視鏡本体の外部表面に沿って長軸方向の異なる位置に配置されて距離マーカーを検出して距離に関するデータを形成する距離センサーをさらに備え、前記距離センサーは、患者の胃腸管内において挿入チューブが移動した距離を提供する深度センサーと接触センサーのうちの1つ以上からなる、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 立体写真撮影用に較正された2台のカメラが、三角測量により、カメラ座標に基準物の3次元空間の位置からなる第2方位データを生成する、請求項1に記載の内視鏡システム。
- 内視鏡施術中に患者の臓器内における内視鏡の位置を追跡する方法であって、方法は、
前記内視鏡の座標系において、臓器内における前記内視鏡の位置を決定することと、
外部光学追跡装置によって複数の基準マーカーを画像内に撮影することと、
前記内視鏡の座標系から前記光学追跡装置の座標系に撮影された前記基準マーカーを変換することと、
患者の臓器のモデル上で撮影された前記基準マーカーを検出することと、
前記基準マーカーを含む患者の臓器の画像に前記基準マーカーを含む内視鏡の画像を投射することと、
からなる方法。 - 前期外部光学追跡装置は、内視鏡施術を実行する前記内視鏡の上方に配置されたカメラである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 撮影された前記基準マーカーは、物体検出アルゴリズムを用いて患者の臓器のモデル上で検出される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 撮影された前記基準マーカーは、ホーン変換を用いて患者の臓器のモデル上に検出される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 較正された投影機を用いて患者の体の上に直接的に前記内視鏡の位置を投影することをさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 内視鏡施術中に患者の臓器内における内視鏡の位置を追跡するための内視鏡システムであって、システムは、複数の基準マーカーと、前記内視鏡の外部に配置された光学追跡装置と、前記光学追跡装置で撮影された画像を少なくとも処理するための計算ユニットとを備え、前記光学追跡装置は、内視鏡施術中に前記複数の基準マーカーと前記内視鏡を1枚の画像内に撮影し、前記計算ユニットは、撮影された前記基準マーカーを前記内視鏡の座標系から前記光学追跡装置の座標系に変換し、かつ、前記基準マーカーを含む内視鏡の前記画像を基準マーカーを含む患者の臓器の画像に投射する、ことからなるシステム。
- 前期外部光学追跡装置は、内視鏡施術を実行する前記内視鏡の上方に配置されたカメラである、請求項22に記載のシステム。
- 撮影された前記基準マーカーは、対象物検出アルゴリズムを用いて内視鏡の前記座標系から光学追跡装置の前記座標系に変換される、請求項22に記載のシステム。
- 撮影された前記基準マーカーは、ホーン変換を用いて内視鏡の前記座標系から光学追跡装置の前記座標系に変換される、請求項22に記載のシステム。
- 前記内視鏡の位置を患者の体の上に直接的に投影するための較正された投影機をさらに備える、請求項22に記載のシステム。
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JP2023523561A (ja) * | 2020-04-13 | 2023-06-06 | カリベル・ラブズ・インコーポレーテッド | ビデオにおけるコンピュータ支援の標識または基準配置のシステムおよび方法 |
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US12349985B2 (en) | 2025-07-08 |
US20200046437A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
WO2017075085A9 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
CN114795472A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
CN108430373A (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
JP6985262B2 (ja) | 2021-12-22 |
US20250152257A1 (en) | 2025-05-15 |
EP3367950A1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
WO2017075085A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
CN108430373B (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
US20170119474A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
US11529197B2 (en) | 2022-12-20 |
US20230073561A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
CN114795472B (zh) | 2024-11-08 |
EP3367950A4 (en) | 2019-10-02 |
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