JP2018082147A - R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 33
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BOTHRHRVFIZTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-K praseodymium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound F[Pr](F)F BOTHRHRVFIZTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroneodymium Chemical compound F[Nd](F)F XRADHEAKQRNYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 dysprosium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005324 grain boundary diffusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- RKLPWYXSIBFAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nd].[Pr] Chemical compound [Nd].[Pr] RKLPWYXSIBFAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000569 greater omentum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003451 terbium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Tb+3].[Tb+3] SCRZPWWVSXWCMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
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- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
真空溶解炉を用いて不活性ガス保護下で配置した原材料を溶解し、厚さが0.1〜0.5mmの鱗片を形成して、R‐Fe‐B合金の鱗片の金相粒界を明瞭にする。合金の鱗片は、機械で粉砕して水素粉砕をしてから、ジェットミルでそのSMDが3.4μmまで破砕する。15KOeの磁場を用いて配向し、圧縮成形をして、コンパクトにして、コンパクト密度を3.95g/cm3にする。コンパクトにしたものを焼結炉中で真空焼結して、まず、1080℃で330min焼結する。その後、時効処理をして、480℃で240min時効して圧粉体を得る。圧粉体をマルチワイヤーで最終製品寸法の磁石にカットして、磁石の寸法を27mm*15mm*5mm、公差を±0.05mmとする。
真空溶解炉を用いて不活性ガス保護下で配置した原材料を溶解し、厚さが0.1〜0.5mmの鱗片を形成して、R‐Fe‐B合金の鱗片の金相粒界を明瞭にする。合金の鱗片は、機械で粉砕して水素粉砕をしてから、ジェットミルでそのSMDが3.4μmまで破砕する。15KOeの磁場を用いて配向し、圧縮成形をして、コンパクトにして、コンパクト密度を3.95g/cm3にする。コンパクトにしたものを焼結炉中で真空焼結して、まず、1080℃で330min焼結する。その後、時効処理をして、480℃で240min時効して圧粉体を得る。圧粉体をマルチワイヤーで最終製品寸法の磁石にカットして、磁石の寸法を27mm*15mm*5mm、公差を±0.05mmとする。
真空溶解炉を用いて不活性ガス保護下で配置した原材料を溶解し、厚さが0.1〜0.5mmの鱗片を形成して、R‐Fe‐B合金の鱗片の金相粒界を明瞭にする。合金の鱗片は、機械で粉砕して水素粉砕をしてから、ジェットミルでそのSMDが3.4μmまで破砕する。15KOeの磁場を用いて配向し、圧縮成形をして、コンパクトにして、コンパクト密度を3.95g/cm3にする。コンパクトにしたものを焼結炉中で真空焼結して、まず、1080℃で330min焼結する。その後、時効処理をして、480℃で240min時効して圧粉体を得る。圧粉体をマルチワイヤーで最終製品寸法の磁石にカットして、磁石の寸法を27mm*15mm*5mm、公差を±0.05mmとする。
Claims (6)
- R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法であって、
1)R1‐Fe‐B‐M焼結磁石を製造し、ただし、R1が、希土類元素Nd、Pr、Tb、Dy、Gd、La、Hoのうちいずれか1種類又は数種類から選ばれ、R1の含有量が26wt%〜33wt%であり、Bの含有量が0.8wt%〜1.2wt%であり、Mが、Ti、V、Cr、Co、Ga、Cu、Mn、Si、Al、Zr、W、Moのうちいずれか1種類又は数種類から選ばれて含有量が0〜4wt%であり、残りの量が、Feであることと、
2)前記焼結磁石を順に脱イオン水洗浄、酸溶液を用いて処理して、乾燥処理をし、処理された磁石を得ることと、
3)処理された磁石の表面に重希土類RHX層をしつらえ、重希土類RHX層の外にRLF層をしつらえ、処理されたユニットを形成し、ただし、前記RHXが、ジスプロシウム、水素化ジスプロシウム、テルビウム、水素化テルビウムのいずれか1種類又は数種類の混合物であり、前記RLFが、フッ化プラセオジム、フッ化ネオジム、酸化プラセオジム、酸化ネオジムの少なくとも1種類であることと、
4)3)における前記処理されたユニットを焼結炉内に置いて真空又は不活性ガス保護の条件下で拡散処理して、拡散温度を800℃〜1000℃、拡散時間を2〜50時間とし、拡散終了後に、磁石に時効処理を行い、時効温度を450〜580℃の範囲、時効時間を4〜6時間とすることと、
を含むR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 前記ステップ3)において、前記RLFの形態が粉末で、粉末粒子の粒径が0.2μm〜3.5μmで、前記RLF層の厚さが1〜20μm、RHX層の厚さが5〜200μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ3)において、前記処理された磁石の厚さが1〜12mmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記拡散温度が850〜980℃、拡散時間が5〜30hであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 前記ステップ4)において、真空処理を選んで用いる場合、真空度が5×10−1〜1×10−5Paで、不活性ガス保護の条件を選んで用いる場合、不活性ガスがアルゴンガスで、圧力が500〜12KPaであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 粉末粒子の粒径が0.5μm〜2.5μm、前記RLF層の厚さが3〜15μm、RHX層の厚さが10〜100μmであることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
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CN201610781417.5A CN106298135B (zh) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | 一种R-Fe-B类烧结磁体的制造方法 |
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Cited By (3)
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JP2020092121A (ja) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | Tdk株式会社 | R‐t‐b系永久磁石の製造方法 |
CN111902898A (zh) * | 2018-10-22 | 2020-11-06 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 用于制备烧结磁体的方法和烧结磁体 |
EP4358103A4 (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-10-16 | Yantai Zhenghai Magnetic Material Co., Ltd. | HIGH PERFORMANCE SINTERED NEODYMIUM-IRON-BORON MAGNET AND ITS PREPARATION METHOD |
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CN107464684B (zh) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-04-21 | 包头天和磁材科技股份有限公司 | 烧结磁体的处理方法 |
CN109390145A (zh) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-26 | 江西金力永磁科技股份有限公司 | 一种R-Fe-B类烧结磁体及其制备方法 |
KR102561239B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-27 | 2023-07-31 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 희토류 자석 제조방법 |
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