JP2017522862A - Cd−19を標的とするキメラ抗原受容体 - Google Patents
Cd−19を標的とするキメラ抗原受容体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本特許出願は2014年6月2日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/006,313号(参照により組み込まれる)の利益を主張する。
本明細書と同時提出され以下のとおり特定される、コンピューターで読み取り可能なヌクレオチド/アミノ酸配列表は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる:58,356バイトのASCII(テキスト)ファイル1件、名称「720755_ST25.TXT」、2015年6月1日作成。
B細胞性悪性腫瘍、例えばリンパ腫や白血病などは、B細胞の分化及び活性化の制御が崩壊した場合に生じる。成熟B細胞の悪性腫瘍には、濾胞性リンパ腫、マントル細胞リンパ腫、バーキットリンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫、びまん性大細胞型B細胞性リンパ腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、リンパ形質細胞性リンパ腫、辺縁帯リンパ腫及び慢性リンパ性白血病が含まれる(Shaffer et al., Nature Reviews Immunology, 2:920-933(2002))。標準的治療、例えば、化学療法、治療用モノクローナル抗体(例えば、Rituximab(RITUXANTM))や同種幹細胞移植(allogeneic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT))などは、B細胞性悪性腫瘍を治癒しない(例えば、Dreger et al., Leukemia, 21(1):12-17(2007);Gribben, J.G., Blood, 109(11):4617-4626(2007);及びArmitage, J.O., Blood, 110(1):29-36(2007)を参照)。特に、モノクローナル抗体は、単剤として治療的でなく、alloHSCTは、高レベルの死亡率及び罹病率と関連する(例えば、Dreger et al., 上記, Armitage et al., 上記、及びMcLaughlin et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(8):2825-2833(1998)を参照)。
本発明は、CD19に対する単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)であって、配列番号1、配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4、配列番号5、配列番号6、配列番号7、配列番号8、配列番号9、配列番号10、配列番号11、配列番号12又は配列番号13のアミノ酸配列を含む、CARを提供する。
本発明は、単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)であって、抗原認識部分及びT細胞活性化部分を含むCARを提供する。キメラ抗原受容体(CAR)は、T細胞シグナリング又はT細胞活性化ドメインと連結された、抗体の抗原結合ドメイン(例えば、一本鎖可変フラグメント(scFv))を含む、人工的に構築されたハイブリッドタンパク質又はポリペプチドである。CARsは、モノクローナル抗体の抗原結合特性を利用して、MHC非拘束性の様式で、選択されたターゲットに対するT細胞の反応性と特異性を再指示(redirect)する能力を有する。MHC非拘束性の抗原認識は、CARsを発現するT細胞に、抗原プロセシングとは独立して抗原を認識する能力を付与し、そのため主要な腫瘍エスケープ機構をバイパスする。さらに、T細胞で発現させる場合、CARsは、有利には、内在性T細胞受容体(TCR)のアルファ及びベータ鎖と二量体化しない。
本実施例は、本発明の抗CD19キメラ抗原受容体(CARs)を作製するための方法を実証する。
本実施例は、本発明のCARsをコードする核酸配列を発現するT細胞の作製方法を実証する。
本実施例は、CD19に対する本発明のCARsの特異性を決定するために使用される一連の実験を記載する。
National Cancer Institute(NCI)のSurgery Branchにおいて治験審査委員会承認プロトコルに登録したメラノーマ、慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)又はリンパ腫患者から非白血病性(non-leukemic)PBMCサンプルを得た。5人の異なる患者由来の細胞を使用した。ドナー1はCLLを有し、ドナー2は正常ドナーであり、ドナー3及びドナー5はともにリンパ腫を有し、ドナー4はメラノーマを有した。10%DMSO(Sigma, St. Louis, MO)を加えた90%FBS中にPBMCを凍結保存した。標的細胞として初代CLL細胞を使用した実験では、CLLを有する患者由来の非操作(unmanipulated)のPBMCを使用した。以下のCD19発現不死化細胞株を使用した:NALM-6(急性リンパ性白血病、DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germanyから)及びCD19-K562。以下のCD19ネガティブ細胞株を使用した:A549(肺癌、ATCCから)、CCRF-CEM(T細胞白血病、ATCCから)、MDA231(乳癌、ATCCから)及びTC71(ユーイング肉腫、Dr. M. Tsokos, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MDから提供)。すべての細胞株はR10培地中で維持した。アッセイにおける標的としてCLL PBMCを使用する場合、アッセイ前12〜18時間、細胞をR10培地中で培養した。
臨床試験において、CAR FMC63-28Zを発現するT細胞注入を受けた患者における低血圧及び他の毒性の発生により、本発明のCARsを発現するT細胞によるTNF産生とFMC63-28Zを発現するT細胞によるTNF産生との比較が促された。
試験される各T細胞培養物について、2又は3個の別個のチューブを調製した。1つのチューブはCD19-K562細胞を含み、1つのチューブは非操作の初代CLL細胞を含み、もう一方のチューブはNGFR-K562細胞を含んだ。いくつかの実験では、CD19-K562チューブを除いた。すべてのチューブは、上記抗CD19 CARsが形質導入されたT細胞、1 mLのAIM VTM培地(Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA)+5%ヒト血清、滴定濃度(titrated concentration)の抗CD107a抗体(eBioscience, Inc., San Diego, CA;clone eBioH4A3)、及び1 μLのGolgi Stop(BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ)を含んだ。すべてのチューブを37℃、4時間インキュベートし、次いで、CD3、CD4及びCD8の発現について染色した。
抗CD19 CARsが形質導入されたT細胞が、CD19発現標的細胞で刺激された場合に増殖する能力を評価した。具体的には、0.5×106個の放射線照射(irradiated)CD19-K562細胞、又は0.5×106個の放射線照射NGFR-K562細胞を、抗CD19 CARが形質導入された0.75×106個の全T細胞と共培養した。T細胞をカルボキシフルオレセインジアセテートスクシンイミジルエステル(CFSE)(Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA)で、Mannering et al., J. Immunological Methods, 283(1-2):173-183(2003)に記載されるように標識した。共培養に用いた培地は、AIM VTM培地(Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA)+5%ヒトAB血清であった。IL-2は培地に添加しなかった。開始から4日後、死細胞を排除するためにトリパンブルーを用いて、各共培養物中の生細胞を計数し、実施例2に記載するようにフローサイトメトリーを実施した。
本実施例は、本発明の抗CD19 CARを発現するT細胞が、慢性リンパ性白血病(CLL)細胞を破壊し得ることを実証する。
本実施例は、本発明の抗CD19 CARを発現するT細胞が、動物モデルにおいて、悪性B細胞腫瘍増殖を減少させ得ることを実証する。
Claims (12)
- CD19に対する単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)であって、配列番号1、配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4、配列番号5、配列番号6、配列番号7、配列番号8、配列番号9、配列番号10、配列番号11、配列番号12又は配列番号13のアミノ酸配列を含む、CAR。
- 請求項1に記載のCARをコードする、単離又は精製された核酸配列。
- 請求項2に記載の単離又は精製された核酸配列を含む、ベクター。
- 請求項3に記載のベクターを含む、単離されたT細胞。
- 悪性B細胞を破壊する方法であって、請求項4に記載の単離されたT細胞の1つ以上を、CD19を発現する悪性B細胞集団と接触させることを含み、それにより、CARが悪性B細胞上でCD19と結合し、悪性B細胞が破壊される、方法。
- 悪性B細胞がリンパ腫細胞である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 悪性B細胞が白血病細胞である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 悪性B細胞がヒトにおけるものである、請求項5〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 悪性B細胞がin vitroである、請求項5〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 配列番号4又は配列番号9に存在する以下の要素:(i)細胞外スペーサー、(i)ヒトCD8α分子に由来する膜貫通ドメイン、並びに(iii)ヒトCD28分子、ヒトCD27分子及びヒトCD3ζ分子に由来する細胞内T細胞シグナリングドメイン、を含む単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)。
- 配列番号10又は配列番号11に存在する以下の要素:(i)細胞外スペーサー、(i)ヒトCD8α分子に由来する膜貫通ドメイン、並びに(iii)ヒトCD28分子、ヒトCD27分子及びFcεRIガンマ鎖に由来する細胞内T細胞シグナリングドメイン、を含む単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)。
- 配列番号12又は配列番号13に存在する以下の要素:(i)細胞外スペーサー、(i)ヒトCD8α分子に由来する膜貫通ドメイン、並びに(iii)ヒトCD28分子及びFcεRIガンマ鎖に由来する細胞内T細胞シグナリングドメイン、を含む単離又は精製されたキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)。
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