JP2015517561A - 新規化合物 - Google Patents
新規化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015517561A JP2015517561A JP2015513266A JP2015513266A JP2015517561A JP 2015517561 A JP2015517561 A JP 2015517561A JP 2015513266 A JP2015513266 A JP 2015513266A JP 2015513266 A JP2015513266 A JP 2015513266A JP 2015517561 A JP2015517561 A JP 2015517561A
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- acid
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本発明は、スピロ誘導体、電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの調節によって媒介される疾患及び疾病の治療における該誘導体の使用、該誘導体を含有する組成物、及びその製造方法に関する。
電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルは、ニューロンの細胞体で通常開始され、軸索に沿って末端に伝播される電気的脱分極の波である活動電位の初期段階に関与する。末端において、活動電位は、カルシウムの流入及び神経伝達物質の放出を誘発する。電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルを遮断するリドカインなどの薬物は、局所麻酔薬として使用される。ラモトリギン及びカルバマゼピンなどの他のナトリウムチャネル遮断薬は、てんかんを治療するために使用される。後者の場合、電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの部分的阻害により、ニューロンの興奮性が低下し、かつ発作の伝播が低下する。局所麻酔薬の場合、感覚ニューロン上のナトリウムチャネルの局所的遮断により、疼痛性刺激の伝導が妨げられる。これらの薬物の重要な特徴は、その状態依存性作用機序である。該薬物は、チャネルが開口した後に速やかに取られる該チャネルの不活化された立体構造を安定化すると考えられている。この不活化状態は、チャネルがすぐに再活性化可能なその休止(閉口)状態に戻る前に不応期を提供する。結果として、状態依存性ナトリウムチャネル遮断薬は、例えば、疼痛性刺激に応答した、高頻度でのニューロンの発火を阻害し、例えば、発作時に起こり得る長期のニューロン脱分極中の反復性発火を防ぐのに役立つ。例えば、心臓において、より低頻度で誘発される活動電位は、これらの薬物によりそれほど影響を受けないが、十分に高い濃度では、これらの薬物の各々がチャネルの休止状態又は開口状態を遮断することができるので、安全域は各々の場合で異なる。
第一の態様によれば、本発明は、7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オンである式(I)の化合物、又はその医薬として許容し得る塩もしくは溶媒和物を提供する:
式(I)の化合物及びそのサブグループへの言及は、例えば、以下で論じられるような、そのイオン形態、塩、溶媒和物、異性体(幾何及び立体化学異性体を含む)、互変異性体、N-オキシド、エステル、プロドラッグ、同位体、並びに保護形態;好ましくは、その塩又は互変異性体又は異性体又はN-オキシド又は溶媒和物;並びにより好ましくは、その塩又は互変異性体又はN-オキシド又は溶媒和物、さらにより好ましくは、その塩又は互変異性体又は溶媒和物も含む。以後、本発明の任意の態様で定義される、化合物並びにそのイオン形態、塩、溶媒和物、異性体(幾何及び立体化学異性体を含む)、互変異性体、N-オキシド、エステル、プロドラッグ、同位体、並びに保護形態(化学的プロセスの中間体化合物を除く)を「本発明の化合物」と称する。
(a)式(I)の化合物を、式(II)の化合物の閉環反応、次いで、得られたイミン(IIA)の還元を実施することにより形成させること;
(c)式(I)の化合物の医薬として許容し得る塩の任意形成
を含む、方法が提供される。
vi)摂食障害、例えば、亜型の制限型及び過食/瀉下型を含む、神経性無食欲(307.1);亜型の瀉下型及び非瀉下型を含む、神経性過食症(307.51);肥満;強迫性摂食障害;過食障害;並びに特定不能の摂食障害(307.50):
AD-H ChiralPak AD-H半分取カラム
Boc tertブチルオキシカルボニル
CHCl3 クロロホルム
DCM ジクロロメタン
DCE 1,2-ジクロロエタン
DME ジメトキシエタン
EtOAc 酢酸エチル
Et2O エーテル
HCl 塩酸
HPLC 高速液体クロマトグラフィー
IPA イソプロピルアルコール
K2CO3 炭酸カリウム
LC-MS 液体クロマトグラフィー-質量分析
MeCN アセトニトリル
MeOH メタノール
MgSO4 硫酸マグネシウム
Na2CO3 炭酸ナトリウム
NMR 核磁気共鳴
Na2SO4 硫酸ナトリウム
PdCl2(Ph3P)2 ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)クロリド
THF テトラヒドロフラン
(説明1)
(3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D1))
(方法1:)
ベンゾフェノンイミン[CAS: 1013-88-3](16.67g、91.98mmol)を、3-アミノ-1-メチルピロリジン-2-オン[CAS 119329-48-5](10g、87.60mmol)のDCE(100mL)溶液にN2下で滴加し、反応液を還流状態で18時間加熱した。溶媒を蒸発させると、琥珀色の油状物が得られた。これを、4:1〜3:7のi-ヘキサン:EtOAcで溶出させる、大型焼結漏斗中のフラッシュシリカを用いて精製した。不完全な分離が達成された。3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D1)を単離し(25g)、約11%の不純物が存在したが、それ以上精製することなく、次の工程で使用した;
ベンゾフェノンイミン(200.04g、1103.8mmol)を、20分間かけて、3-アミノ-1-メチルピロリジン-2-オン(120g、1051.2mmol)のDCE(1000mL)撹拌溶液に、窒素下、周囲温度で磁気撹拌子を装着した2Lフラスコ中で滴加した。試薬をさらなるDCE(100mL)で洗浄した。該撹拌溶液を、還流状態で、ヒートオンブロック上、95℃のブロック温度で7時間加熱し、N2バブラーを用いて、排出された気体を安全トラップに通した後、先端が上を向いた漏斗を介して2Lの水の中に入れた(約23Lと推定されるNH3ガスの不純物を除くため)。反応液を、周囲温度で一晩、N2下で静置しておいた。混合物を、濃いオフホワイト色の油状物になるまで蒸発させた。これにEt2O(700ml)を添加し、この撹拌溶液が結晶化し始めたとき、それに、イソ-ヘキサン(700ml)を2分間かけて添加した。混合物を1時間撹拌し、その後、吸引下で濾過し、Et2O/イソ-ヘキサン(1:1)(500ml)で洗浄した。白色の固体を、35℃で、真空下で3時間乾燥させると、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D1)(259.4g、88.6%)が得られた。NMRは、純粋な材料と一致した。
(3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D2))
(方法1:)
THF中の1.7Mカリウムtert-ブトキシド(32.8mL、55.76mmol)を、80分間かけて、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-ピロリジン-2-オン(14.11g、50.692mmol)(これは、説明1に記載の通りに調製することができる)及び臭化プロパルギル(6.78mL、60.83mmol)のTHF(250mL)溶液に、窒素下、0℃で(シリンジポンプにより)滴加した。反応液を2時間撹拌した。追加のKOtBu(5ml)を滴加し、15分間撹拌し続けた。反応液を飽和水性NaHCO3の添加によりクエンチし、EtOAcで希釈した。相を分離し、有機層を乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、溶媒を蒸発させると、褐色の粗油状物が得られ、これは、静置すると固化した。このろう状の固体をIPA(約30ml)に懸濁させ、1時間撹拌した。該固体を濾過除去し、少量のIPAで洗浄すると、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D2)が薄褐色の固体(6.26g)として得られた;
THF中の1.7Mのカリウムtert-ブトキシド(602.08mL、1023.5mmol)を、2.5時間かけて、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-ピロリジン-2-オン(259g、930.48mmol)(これは、説明1に記載の通りに調製することができる)及び80%臭化プロパルギルのトルエン(124.37mL、1116.6mmol)溶液の3Aモレキュラシーブで乾燥させた試薬等級THF(1900mL)中の撹拌溶液に、-65℃で、窒素下、オーバーヘッドスターラーを備えた5Lフラスコ中で滴加した。添加が終了した後、混合物を-65℃でさらに1時間撹拌した。冷却浴を取り外し、NaHCO3(140ml)の飽和溶液を1分間かけて(-60℃で)添加した。さらに5分後、追加の飽和NaHCO3溶液(1.4L)、次いで、Et2O(1.4L)を添加した。混合物を1時間撹拌し、その後、分液漏斗に移し、水(1.4L)を添加して、全ての固体を溶解させた。層を分離し、水性物をEt2O(2×1L)でさらに抽出した。合わせた有機抽出物を飽和ブライン(700ml)で再洗浄し、水(700ml)で希釈した。有機層を乾燥させ(MgSO4)、約500〜600mlの容量になるまで蒸発させるとすぐに、結晶化が起こり始めた。その後、この撹拌混合物に、イソ-ヘキサン(1.6L)を添加した。15分間静置した後、クリーム色の固体を吸引下で濾過し、イソ-ヘキサン(500ml)で洗浄し、50℃で、真空下、5時間乾燥させた。これにより、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D2)(274g、93%)が得られた。これは、NMRによると、純粋であったが、少しの水をさらに含んでいる。
((3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D3S)及び(3R)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D3R))
(方法1:)
クエン酸一水和物(10.39g、49.46mmol)を、3-(ベンズヒドリリデン-アミノ)-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(6.26g、19.79mmol)(これは、説明2に記載の通りに調製することができる)のTHF(150mL)溶液に添加し、反応液を室温で18時間撹拌した。無色の固体が析出した。溶媒を蒸発させると、ゴム状の白色の固体が得られた。これをEt2Oで粉砕し、固体をさらなるEt2Oで洗浄した。該固体を水/MeOHに懸濁させ、水/MeOH、MeOH、及び最後にMeOH中の0.5M NH3で溶出させる、SCX(70gのシリカ)により精製した。生成物を含む画分を蒸発させると、3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(3.23g、21.223mmol)が淡黄色の油状物として得られた;
オーバーヘッドスターラーを備えた5Lフラスコ中の3-(ベンズヒドリリデンアミノ)-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(274g、865.99mmol)(これは、説明2に記載の通りに調製することができる)のTHF(2.7L)撹拌溶液に、クエン酸一水和物(363.96g、1732mmol)を一度に添加した。該溶液を室温で18時間撹拌すると、粘度の高い白色の沈殿物が得られ、粘着性の固体がフラスコの側面に少し付着していた。この粘着性の固体をスパチュラで緩め、その後、ジエチルエーテル(1.3L)を添加し、さらに1時間速やかに撹拌し続けた。その後、固体を吸引下で濾過し、Et2O(2×1L)で効率的に洗浄し、50℃で、真空下、3時間乾燥させた。これにより、268gの材料が生成された。これを熱いMeOH(1.9L)から再結晶化させ;熱溶液を吸引下で濾過すると、透明な淡黄色の溶液が得られた。該溶液を1時間静置しておき、Et2O(3L)を撹拌しながら添加した。さらに1時間静置した後、混合物を濾過し、MeOH:Et2O(1:2)(1L)で洗浄し、固体をプレス乾燥させ、50℃で、真空下、6時間さらに乾燥させると、メタノールが混入した312gのクエン酸塩が得られた。別の容器中で、Ambersep 900(OH)イオン交換樹脂(2.31kg)を、5分間、MeOH(2L)とともに撹拌して、該樹脂を予め洗浄した。懸濁した樹脂を吸引下で濾過し、予め洗浄した湿った樹脂を、先に調製したクエン酸塩のメタノール(3L)中の撹拌懸濁液に、オーバーヘッドスターラーを備えた10L容器中で添加した。混合物を、合計1.5時間、周囲温度で撹拌し、その後、吸引下で濾過した。濾過された樹脂をMeOH(2×1.5L)で洗浄した。濾液及び洗浄液を真空中で油状物になるまで蒸発させ、これをDCM(1.5L)に再溶解させ、乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、濾過し、淡黄色の油状物になるまで蒸発させ、これをRTで一晩乾燥させると、3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(106.9g、79.9%)が得られた。NMRにより、これは、説明3の方法1によって調製されたものと同一の純粋な材料であることが示された。
この材料の一部(1.75g、11.5mmol)を、20%EtOH/ヘプタンで、18ml/分で溶出させる半分取AD-Hカラムを用いて、キラルHPLCで分離した。ピークを215nmで同定した:
(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D3S) 549mg 保持時間=13.7分;旋光度α[D/22]=−81.0(c=0.975、CHCl3)。
(3R)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D3R) 407mg 保持時間=17.9分;旋光度α[D/22]=+78.8(c=0.965、CHCl3)。
(方法3:)
ヒーター/クーラージャケット及びオーバーヘッドパドルスターラーを備えた制御型実験用反応器にIPA(2250mL)を仕込み、(2S)-2-(6-メトキシ-2-ナフチル)プロパン酸(84.72g、367.92mmol)を添加した。懸濁液を撹拌し、75℃に温めると、溶液が得られた。その後、3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明3の方法2に記載の通りに調製することができる)(55.99g、367.92mmol)のIPA(1100mL)溶液を1.5時間かけて滴加した。冷却プロセスにおいて、反応混合物を75℃で1時間撹拌し、その後、55℃に1時間かけて冷却した。純粋な(S)異性体塩を、シードが溶液に溶けなくなる(約71℃)まで、温度が1℃低下する毎に、反応液にシードした。反応混合物が結晶化し、これを55℃で1時間撹拌した。その後、該混合物を40℃に約20分間かけて冷却し、吸引下、高速濾紙に通して、予め温めた濾過漏斗中に濾過した。容器を、予め40℃に温めたIPA(600mL)で完全にすすぎ、これを用いて、回収された固体を洗浄した。溶媒がそれ以上見られなくなるまで、該固体を吸引下で乾燥させ、その後、真空オーブン中、50℃で乾燥させると、59.37gの白色の固体の(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]アンモニウム(2S)-2-(6-メトキシ-2-ナフチル)プロパノエートが得られた。この材料の一部を取り出し、メタノールに溶解させ、SCXカラムに通し、メタノールで洗浄し、その後、メタノール中の0.5Mアンモニアで溶出させた。アンモニア溶出液を淡黄色のゴム状物質になるまで蒸発させ、これをキラルHPLC(20:80のEtOH:ヘプタン、IAカラム)により分析すると、99.5%のS-異性体及び0.5%のR-異性体を示した。Ambersep 900-OH(500g)をメタノール(1000mL)中で5分間撹拌し、その後、濾過し、液体がそれ以上見られなくなるまで、吸引下で乾燥させた。洗浄した樹脂を、S-異性体塩(59.37g、155.24mmol)のメタノール(1000mL)中の撹拌懸濁液に添加した。混合物を1時間撹拌し、その後、濾過した。樹脂をメタノール(1000mL)に再懸濁させ、1時間撹拌し、その後、濾過した。合わせた濾液を蒸発させると、わずかに混濁した黄色の油状物が得られた。該油状物をジクロロメタン(約200mL)に溶解させ、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させ、濾過し、蒸発させると、透明な黄色の油状物の(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(D3S)(22.729g)が得られた。この材料は、方法2のキラルクロマトグラフィーによって調製されたものと同一であると特徴付けられた。
(方法4:)
例えば、91:9の比の(3R)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オンとその(3S)エナンチオマー(27g)(これは、説明3の方法3に記載の分別結晶化手順から得ることができる)を含む濃縮された再結晶化母液を蒸発させ、アセトニトリルに30±5℃で溶解させた。反応塊を70±5℃に加熱し、10分間撹拌し、その後、ゆっくりと40±2℃に冷却した。R-アミン-(2S)-2-(6-メトキシ-2-ナフチル)プロパン酸のシードを導入し、反応混合物を40±2℃で1時間維持した。反応塊を30±5℃に冷却し、濾過した。単離された塩をアセトニトリルで洗浄し、真空下、47.5±2.5℃で、6±1時間乾燥させると、99.8%エナンチオマー過剰のR異性体を含む18.2gの塩が得られた。その後、該材料を、S-エナンチオマーについて方法3に記載されている通りに遊離塩基形態に変換すると、表題化合物(D3R)が得られた。この材料は、方法2のキラルクロマトグラフィーによって調製されたものと同一であると特徴付けられた。
(tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D4))
(方法1:)
Boc2O(944.75mg、4.33mmol)を、(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明3に記載の通りに調製することができる)(549mg、3.61mmol)のDCM(20mL)溶液に20℃で添加し、反応液を18時間撹拌した。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣を、0〜100%EtOAc/i-ヘキサンで溶出させる、25g SNAPカートリッジを用いるBiotage Isoleraで精製すると、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D4)(849mg、3.365mmol、93.3%収率)が淡黄色の固体として得られた。
(方法2:)
Boc2O(2.77g、12.69mmol)を、(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明3に記載の通りに調製することができる)(1.61g、10.58mmol)のDCM(40mL)溶液に20℃で添加し、反応液を18時間撹拌した。該反応液を40℃に温め、さらに3日間撹拌した。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣を、0〜80%EtOAc/i-ヘキサンで溶出させる、25g SNAPカートリッジを用いるBiotage Isoleraを用いて精製すると、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D4)(2.52g、9.9877mmol、94.4%収率)が淡黄色の固体として得られた;
(方法3:)
(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明3に記載の通りに調製することができる)(72.66g、477.4mmol)のDCM(1000mL)溶液に、Boc2O(125.03g、572.88mmol)のDCM(700mL)溶液を一度に添加した。その後、反応液を、40℃(内部温度ではなく、浴温)で5時間にわたって、その後、室温で週末の間撹拌した。該反応液を真空中で濃縮し、残渣をEt2Oとイソヘキサンの混合物(1:1、250mL)に懸濁させ、30分間撹拌した。該懸濁液を濾過し、固体を、Et2Oとイソヘキサンの混合物(1:1、250mL)、次いで、イソヘキサン(3×250mL)で洗浄した。その後、該固体を真空オーブン中で2時間(40℃)乾燥させると、白色の固体のtert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D4)(99.25g)が得られた;
(2-クロロ-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(D5))
(方法1:)
2,4-ジクロロ-6-メチル-ピリミジン(5g、30.67mmol)の1,2-ジメトキシエタン(35mL)及び水(25mL)中の溶液に、炭酸ナトリウム(9.75g、92.03mmol)及び4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニルボロン酸(5.53g、29.14mmol)を添加した。これを窒素で5分間脱気した。その後、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(1.08g、1.53mmol)を添加し、反応液を90℃に一晩加熱した。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣を水(300mL)とEtOAc(300mL)に分配した。有機物をブライン(100mL)で洗浄し、MgSO4上で乾燥させ、真空中で濃縮すると、黄色の油状物が得られた。該材料を、Biotage SP4、0〜50%i-ヘキサン/EtOAcを用いて精製し、下の方の(主要な)スポットを含む画分を回収し、溶媒を蒸発させると、2-クロロ-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン(D5)(4.65g、17.06mmol、55.6%収率)が無色の固体として得られた;
4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニルボロン酸(116.52g、613.5mmol)の1,2-ジメトキシエタン(1200mL)溶液に、2,4-ジクロロ-6-メチルピリミジン(100g、613.5mmol)を添加した。この撹拌溶液に、水(600mL)に溶解した炭酸ナトリウム(195.07g、1840.5mmol)の溶液を添加して、塩基の沈殿物を生じさせ、その後、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(2.15g、3.07mmol)を添加した。該混合物を約1時間かけて50℃にし、その後、この温度で一晩撹拌した。反応混合物を約30℃に冷却し、濾過し、DCM(約500mL)で洗浄した。濾液を蒸発させて、有機溶媒の大半を除去した。残渣にDCM(250mL)を添加し、相を分離した。水相をDCM(2×250mL)で抽出し、合わせた抽出物をブライン(250mL)で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させ、濾過し、褐色のゴム状の固体になるまで蒸発させた。該固体が溶解してしまうまで、該固体を、イソ-ヘキサン(150mL)中、60℃で撹拌した。熱を切り、フラスコをヒートオンブロック中で自然冷却しておいた。溶液が30℃になったとき、種晶を添加すると、すぐに結晶化した。混合物を一晩静置し、その後、結晶性材料を砕き、濾過した。固体を冷イソ-ヘキサン(2×50mL)で洗浄し、乾燥させると、表題化合物(D5)が、NMRにより方法1によって調製されたものと一致する、わずかに粘着性のある黄褐色の固体(96.17g)として得られた。
(2-ヨード-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(D6))
(方法1:)
ヨウ化水素酸(水中57%、9.68mL、73.41mmol)を、DCM(30mL)中の2-クロロ-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(これは、説明5に記載の通りに調製することができる)(1.38g、5.06mmol)に20℃で少しずつ添加し、色の濃い混合物を18時間撹拌した。該混合物を飽和水性K2CO3の添加によりクエンチした(注意:気体が発生した)。塩基性化の後、飽和水性メタ重亜硫酸ナトリウムを添加し、5分間撹拌し続けた。混合物をさらなるDCMで希釈し、相を分離した。有機層を乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、溶媒を蒸発させると、約20%の還元されたH-化合物を含む、黄色の固体の2-ヨード-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(D6)(1.58g、4.34mmol、85.7%収率)が得られた;
2-クロロ-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(これは、説明5に記載の通りに調製することができる)(167.5g、614.34mmol)のDCM(1325mL)溶液に、HI(水中57%)(405.23mL、3071.7mmol)を滴加した。その後、反応液を室温で一晩撹拌した。追加のDCM(500mL)を添加し、反応液を濾過した。固体を乾燥させ、その後、水(1L)及びEtOAc(1.25L)を含むビーカーに移した。水性物をK2CO3でpH 10に塩基性化し、全ての固体が溶解するまで、層を撹拌した。メタ重亜硫酸ナトリウム(8.75g)を添加し、全ての固体が溶解するまで、層を撹拌した。該層を分離し、水性物をEtOAc(200mL)で再抽出した。その後、合わせた有機物をMgSO4上で乾燥させ、濾過し、真空中で濃縮すると、表題材料(D6)(205.68g、564.9mmol、92%収率)が淡いオレンジ色の固体として得られた。NMRにより、これは、>95%純粋であることが示された。
(tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]-2-オキソ-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D7))
(方法1:)
ヨウ化銅(149.46mg、0.7800mmol)、次いで、PdCl2(Ph3P)2(275.41mg、0.3900mmol)を、2-ヨード-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(4g、10.99mmol)(これは、説明6に記載の通りに調製することができる)、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(1.98g、7.85mmol)(これは、説明4に記載の通りに調製することができる)、及びEt2NH(4.06mL、39.24mmol)のTHF(50mL)溶液にN2下で少しずつ添加し、反応液を20℃で18時間撹拌した。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣をEtOAcに懸濁させ、水/飽和NaHCO3水溶液で洗浄した。有機物を回収し、乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、溶媒を蒸発させると、褐色の油状物が得られた。これを、50〜100%EtOAc/i-ヘキサンで溶出させる、100g SNAPカートリッジを用いるBiotage SP4を用いて精製すると、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]-2-オキソ-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(D7)(4.09g、8.3726mmol)が淡黄色の泡状物質として得られた;
オーバーヘッドパドルスターラー及び窒素注入口を備えた5Lの3首フラスコ中で、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-2-オキソ-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(これは、説明4に記載の通りに調製することができる)(104.79g、415.32mmol)をtert-ブチルメチルエーテル(2100mL)に懸濁させた。2-ヨード-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン(これは、説明6に記載の通りに調製することができる)(166.34g、456.85mmol)、次いで、ジイソプロピルアミン(174.63mL、1246mmol)を添加し、混合物を20分間にわたって撹拌した。該懸濁液に、ヨウ化銅(1.58g、8.31mmol)、次いで、ビス(トリフェニル-ホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(2.92g、4.15mmol)を添加し、混合物を室温で3時間撹拌した。水(1000mL)を添加し、混合物を30分間撹拌した。相を分離し、有機相を水(2×500mL)で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させ、濾過し、黄褐色の泡状物質、230gになるまで蒸発させた。該材料を、約75gの3つのバッチで、800g(Biotage 75L)カラムを使用し、イソ-ヘキサン中のアセトンの勾配で溶出させるカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製した。これにより、NMRにより良好な純度で、かつ方法1によって生成されたものと分光学的に一致する表題化合物(D7)(179.3g)が得られた。
((3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]ピロリジン-2-オン(D8))
(方法1:)
トリフルオロ酢酸(5mL、67.31mmol)を、tert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]-2-オキソ-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(3.83g、7.84mmol)(これは、説明7に記載の通りに調製することができる)のDCM(50mL)溶液に20℃で添加し、反応液を一晩撹拌した。該反応液を濃縮し、さらなる部のトリフルオロ酢酸(2ml)を添加した。3時間撹拌し続け、その後、固体K2CO3を添加し(注意:気体が発生した)、混合物を水で希釈した。相を分離し、有機層を乾燥させた(Na2SO4)。溶媒を蒸発させると、(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]ピロリジン-2-オン(D8)(2.71g、6.9775mmol、89%収率)が黄色の油状物として得られた;
氷/水浴で15℃の内部温度に冷却したtert-ブチル N-[(3S)-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]-2-オキソ-ピロリジン-3-イル]カルバメート(これは、説明7に記載の通りに調製することができる)(99.5g、203.68mmol)の1,4-ジオキサン(750mL)溶液に、内部温度を約35分間にわたって20℃未満に維持しながら、濃硫酸(75mL、1407mmol)を滴加した。全て添加した後、反応混合物を室温で30分間にわたって撹拌した。反応液をビーカーに注ぎ入れ、酢酸エチル(400mL)及び少量の水で洗浄した。混合物を15℃に冷却し、炭酸ナトリウムの溶液(1200mLの水中、160g)を5分間かけて添加した。混合物をセライトのパッドで濾過し、残留固体を酢酸エチル(400mL)で洗浄した。濾液相を分離し、水相を酢酸エチル(2×400mL)で抽出した。合わせた有機物をブライン(500mL)で洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させ、濾過し、蒸発させると、泡立った琥珀色の油状物が得られた。これをアセトニトリル(100mL)に2回溶解させ、蒸発させ、得られた黄色の泡状物質を真空下で乾燥させると、NMRにより良好な純度で、かつ方法1によって生成されたものと分光学的に一致する表題材料(D8)が得られた。
(3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]ピロリジン-2-オン(D8a))
3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-プロパ-2-イニル-ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明3に記載の通りに調製することができる)(2.3g、15.11mmol)のtert-ブチルメチルエーテル(50mL)撹拌溶液に、2-ヨード-4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン(これは、説明6に記載の通りに調製することができる)(6.05g、16.62mmol)を添加した。その後、ジイソプロピルアミン(6.35mL、45.34mmol)、次いで、ヨウ化銅(57.56mg、0.300mmol)及びビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(106.07mg、0.1500mmol)を添加した。その後、反応液を室温で5日間撹拌した。反応混合物を分液漏斗に移し、フラスコを追加量のtert-ブチルメチルエーテル(15ml)で洗浄した。有機溶液を水(2×50mL)及びブライン(50mL)で洗浄した。有機相を硫酸マグネシウム上で乾燥させ、濾過し、その後、該硫酸マグネシウムをジクロロメタン(30ml)で洗浄した。濾液を減圧下で濃縮すると、黄色の泡状物質が得られた。生成物を、酢酸エチル、次いで、割合が増加する10%0.880アンモニアのメタノール溶液で溶出させるシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製すると、表題化合物(D8a)が黄色の泡状物質(4.71g)として得られた。このラセミ化合物は、NMR及び質量分析により、説明8で調製されたS異性体と一致した。
((5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナ-1-エン-6-オン(D9))
(方法1:)
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸銀(358.56mg、1.4mmol)を、(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]ピロリジン-2-オン(2.71g、6.98mmol)(これは、説明8に記載の通りに調製することができる)のMeCN(60mL)溶液に50℃で添加し、反応液を3日間撹拌した。追加のAgOTf(10mol%)を添加し、24時間撹拌し続けた。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣をEtOAcに懸濁させた。有機物を水で洗浄し、乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、溶媒を蒸発させると、薄褐色の油状物が得られた。これを、EtOAc中の0〜100%(MeOH中の1%の2M NH3; 9%のMeOH; 90%のEtOAcの混合物)で溶出させる、100g SNAPカートリッジを用いるBiotage Isoleraを用いて精製すると、(5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナ-1-エン-6-オン(D9)(2.51g、6.4626mmol、92.6%収率)が薄褐色の固体として得られた;
トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸銀(9.39g、36.56mmol)を、単一のバッチで、(3S)-3-アミノ-1-メチル-3-[3-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]-ピリミジン-2-イル]プロパ-2-イニル]ピロリジン-2-オン(これは、説明8に記載の通りに調製することができるa)(71g、182.81mmol)のMeCN(1000mL)溶液に添加し、反応液を80℃で22時間加熱した。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣をDCM(1000mL)に溶解させた。飽和NaHCO3(500ml)及び水(500ml)を添加し、混合物を振盪させた。相を分離し、有機層をシステイン(100g、825.35mmol)の水(1500ml)溶液で処理した。この混合物を30分間激しく撹拌した。該混合物をセライトのパッドに通して濾過し、セライトをDCM(2×100ml)で洗浄した。相を分離し、有機層を大きいビーカーに入れた。これに、システイン(50g、412.68mmol)の水(500ml)溶液を添加し、混合物をさらに30分間撹拌した。相を分離し、有機層を飽和ブライン(500ml)と水(500ml)の混合物で洗浄した。有機層を乾燥させ(MgSO4)、溶媒を蒸発させると、暗褐色の泡状物質が得られた。該泡状物質に、アセトン(50ml)を添加すると、ほぼ直後に、粘度の高い沈殿物が形成した。これを約5分間かき混ぜた後、Et2O(150ml)を約10分間かけてゆっくりと添加した。添加後、懸濁液を30分間静置しておいた。固体を濾過除去し、エーテル(3×30ml)で洗浄すると、表題材料が、NMRにより純粋で、かつ方法1によって生成されたものと一致する薄褐色の固体(D9)(49.24g)として得られた;
旋光度α[D/20]=−141.5(CHCl3中、c=1.12)。
母液を蒸発させると、色の濃い泡状物質が得られた。これをアセトン(20ml)に溶解させ、種晶を入れて、約15分間静置しておいた。ゆっくりと結晶化が起こった。混合物をEt2O(40ml)で注意深く希釈し、冷蔵庫に18時間放置した。上清をデカントし、結晶性固体をEt2O(3×6ml)で洗浄すると、(D9)の追加の産出物が、それより前のバッチと分光学的に一致する薄オレンジ色の固体(5.31g)として得られた。
(実施例1)
((2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン塩酸塩(E1))
m/z 491(M+H+)。
m/z 491(M+H+)。
((2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン硫酸塩(E2))
(5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナ-1-エン-6-オン(これは、説明9に記載の通りに調製することができる)(78.34g、201.7mmol)を、オーバーヘッドスターラー、窒素注入口を備えた500mlの均圧滴下漏斗、及び温度計を含む、5Lの3首丸底フラスコに添加した。これに、DCM(1000mL)を添加し、撹拌混合物を約-70℃に冷却した。滴下漏斗に、予め超音波処理したボラン tert-ブチルアミン(19.3g、221.87mmol)のDCM(200mL)溶液を仕込んだ。温度を約30分間にわたって-70℃未満に維持しながら、ボラン錯体をゆっくりと添加した。添加後、反応液を-70℃未満で90分間撹拌した。滴下漏斗に6M HCl(400ml)を仕込み、これを約15分かけて滴加した。添加中、反応温度を-50℃に温めた。添加が終了した後、アセトン/ドライアイス浴を取り外し、反応混合物を室温に温め、その後、さらに30分間撹拌した。別の10Lフラスコ中で、炭酸ナトリウム(200g)及び水(1L)を添加した。このフラスコに、オーバーヘッドスターラーを入れた。反応混合物を該炭酸ナトリウム溶液に注意深く添加し(注意:気体が発生する)、気体の発生が止むまで撹拌を維持した。混合物を6L分液漏斗に移し、相を分離した。水層をDCM(2×200ml)で洗浄し、合わせた有機物を乾燥させた(MgSO4)。溶媒を蒸発させると、7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オンが、96:4の比の(2R,5S)異性体と(2S,5S)異性体である、琥珀色の油状物(77.8g)として得られた。
((2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン硫酸塩水和物(E3))
(2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン硫酸(sufuric acid)塩(これは、実施例2に記載されている通りに形成させることができる)(10mg)を、可溶化させるために十分な水を添加して、デュワー(dewer)フラスコ中で低速冷却することにより、熱いアセトン(2ml)から再結晶化させると、結晶性一水和物の表題化合物(E3)が形成された。これは、単結晶X線結晶学により、(2R,5S)-立体配置を有することが示された。
本発明の化合物をQPatch NaV1.7アッセイで試験した。
HEK293-hNaV1.7細胞を、DMEM-F12+10%FBS培養培地中、37℃で増殖させた。50〜70%のコンフルエンシーで、細胞を培養フラスコから解離させ、確実に単細胞の細胞懸濁液になるようにばらばらにし;細胞密度を測定し、2〜3×106細胞/mlに調整した。QPatch16xを用いて記録を得た。外部溶液は(単位はmM): NaCl、128; KCl、5;MgCl2、2; CaCl2、2;グルコース、30; HEPES、15; pH 7.3、305〜315mOsmであった。内部溶液(以下のものを含む(単位はmM): CsF、135; EGTA/CsOH、1/5; HEPES 10; NaCl、10; pH 7.3、310〜320mOsM))を用いたシール形成及び全細胞アクセスの後、電圧パルスプロトコルを適用した。まず、定常状態不活化電圧プロトコルを用いて、定常状態不活化の半最大電圧(V1/2 SSI)を決定した。2つの保持電圧:-90mV(この場合、チャネルの大部分は閉じた状態にある);及びV1/2 SSI(この場合、チャネルの半分は不活化されている)を用いて、試験薬物阻害を決定した。0mVの膜電位に20ミリ秒間進めることにより、電流を10秒毎に誘発させた。4点累積濃度応答を、120秒の印加にわたる各試験薬物濃度でのピーク電流振幅を決定することにより導き出した。曲線をヒル方程式とフィッティングさせ、-90mV及びV1/2 SSIの保持電位におけるpIC50値を得た。
Claims (10)
- (2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン塩酸塩(E1)である、請求項1又は請求項2記載の式(I)の化合物。
- (2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン硫酸塩(E2)である、請求項1又は請求項2記載の式(I)の化合物。
- (2R,5S)-7-メチル-2-[4-メチル-6-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)-フェニル]ピリミジン-2-イル]-1,7-ジアザスピロ[4.4]ノナン-6-オン硫酸塩水和物(E3)である、請求項1又は請求項2記載の式(I)の化合物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の式(I)の化合物又はその医薬として許容し得る塩を、1以上の医薬として許容し得る担体、希釈剤、及び/又は賦形剤とともに含む、医薬組成物。
- 治療において使用するための、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の式(I)の化合物又はその医薬として許容し得る塩。
- 電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの調節によって媒介される疾患又は疾病の治療において使用するための、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の式(I)の化合物又はその医薬として許容し得る塩。
- 電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルの調節によって媒介される疾患又は疾病の治療のための薬剤の製造における、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項記載の式(I)の化合物又はその医薬として許容し得る塩の使用。
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JP2020536070A (ja) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-12-10 | バイオジェン インコーポレイテッド | 新規な塩 |
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