JP2012524126A - 固形腫瘍の治療方法 - Google Patents
固形腫瘍の治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D473/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
- C07D473/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with an oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 or 6, but not in both
- C07D473/32—Nitrogen atom
- C07D473/34—Nitrogen atom attached in position 6, e.g. adenine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/517—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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Abstract
【化1】
で示される化合物、または、薬学的に許容可能なその塩、あるいは、薬学的に許容可能な少なくとも一つの賦形剤と混合をした当該化合物を含んでいる医薬組成物を投与することを含む。
【選択図】 なし
Description
a) ラクトース、デキストロース、スクロース、マンニトール、または、ソルビトールを含む糖類などの希釈剤、
b) ケイ酸アルミニウムマグネシウム、そして、トウモロコシ、小麦、米、ジャガイモなどに由来する澱粉などの結合剤、
c) メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、および、カルボキシルメチルセルロースナトリウム、ポリビニルピロリドン、アラビアゴムやトラガカントゴムなどのゴム、および、ゼラチンやコラーゲンなどのタンパク質などのセルロース物質、
d) 架橋ポリビニルピロリドン、澱粉、寒天、アルギン酸またはアルギン酸ナトリウムなどのアルギン酸の塩、または、発泡成分などの崩壊剤または可溶化剤、
e) シリカ、タルク、ステアリン酸またはそのマグネシウム塩またはそのカルシウム塩、および、ポリエチレングリコールなどの潤滑剤、
f) 香味料、および、甘味料、
g) 例えば、産物を同定したり、活性化合物の量(用量)を決定するための着色剤、または、顔料、および、
h) 防腐剤、安定剤、膨張剤、乳化剤、溶解促進剤、浸透圧を調節するための塩、および、緩衝剤などのその他の成分などがあるが、これらに限定されない。
式Iで示される化合物を含む医薬組成物は、非経口投与技術や腸内投与技術を含む従来の方法によって、患者に投与することができる。 非経口投与法として、消化管以外の経路、例えば、静脈内、動脈内、腹腔内、髄内、筋肉内、関節内、髄腔内、および、脳室内への注射といった経路での投与方法がある。 腸内投与法として、例えば、経口投与(経頬および舌下投与を含む)や直腸投与などがある。 経上皮投与方法として、例えば、経粘膜投与や経皮投与などがある。 経粘膜投与方法として、例えば、腸内投与ならびに経鼻投与、吸入、および、肺深部投与、それに、経膣投与や直腸投与などがある。 経皮投与として、例えば、パッチやイオン導入機器、ならびに、ペースト、ぬり薬、または、軟膏などの受動的または能動的な経皮的または経膜的投与方法がある。 非経口投与は、高圧技術、例えば、POWDERJECT(商標)を用いて行うこともできる。
PI3Kアイソフォームp110α、p110β、p110δ、および、p110γのそれぞれでのヒト遺伝子の型を有するウィルスストックで、ニワトリ胚線維芽細胞(CEF)に対して形質導入をする。 そして、形質導入がされたそれらCEF株は、腫瘍形成的に形質転換した細胞形態の病巣の染色と計数を後に行うことができる増殖培地に播かれる。 150nMのEC50を示すp110βが形質導入されたCEF細胞での形質転換病巣の形成を、化合物Iは、阻害した。 これとは対照的に、試験で用いた最大濃度(2,000nM)の化合物Iでも、p110αが形質導入されたCEF細胞を顕著に阻害するには至らなかった。 Denley A, Kang S, Karst U and Vogt PK, "Oncogenic signaling of class 1 PI3K isofoms," Oncogene (2008) 27: 2561-2574。 図3では、このアッセイの読み出しについて説明をしている。
Zhichkin, et al., Organic Letters, vol. 9(7), 1415-18 (2007)、および、米国特許第6,800,620号公報に記載の方法の変法を含む当該技術分野で周知の方法を用いて、図5に記載の経路を経て、化合物Iが合成された。
OVCAR-3異種移植片(ヒト卵巣癌細胞)を有するメスのnu/nuマウスを、その腫瘍体積が、約100mm3になるまで維持をした。 その時点で、30mg/kgの化合物Iを、1日に2回の頻度で投与をして治療を開始した。 36日間にわたる腫瘍体積の計測結果を、図8に示しており、この結果は、化合物Iを用いて治療を行うことで、腫瘍の成長が阻害されたのみならず、実際の腫瘍の大きさが縮小していることを実証するものである。
A498異種移植片(ヒト腎臓癌細胞)を有するメスのnu/nuマウスを、その腫瘍の体積が、約100mm3になるまで維持をした。 その時点で、30mg/kgの化合物Iを、1日に2回の頻度で投与をして治療を開始した。 20日間にわたる腫瘍体積の計測結果を、図9に示しており、この結果は、ここで用いた用量レベルでもってして、in vivoでの腫瘍の成長が顕著に抑制されていることを実証するものである。
先の二つの実施例で用いた癌細胞異種移植片のいずれかを有するメスのnu/nuマウスについて、化合物Iの血漿中濃度を調べた。 各試験動物に対して、30mg/kgの用量で化合物Iを単回投与し、そして、その後の12時間にわたって、血漿中濃度のモニタリングをした。 図10に示したように、いずれの事例にあっても、化合物Iの血漿中濃度は、投与をして約2〜4時間後にピークを迎え、そして、前出の用量で単回投与をして8時間後には、ほぼゼロの値にまで戻った。 これら動物での血漿中濃度のピーク値は、各々の異種移植片での腫瘍の成長を阻害する上で効果的であるとされる用量(前出の実施例と図8〜図9を参照されたい)で単回注射を行った後に認められたものであるが、それらは、概して、約7,000ng/mlを下回るものであった。
化合物Iが、60、120、または、240mg/kg/日の用量となるように調製し、そして健常なラットに対して、単回投与として、14日目までに投与を行った。 図11は、耐量を目指して行われた治療の初日(破線)と治療の最終日(実線)との間に、各試験動物に対して24時間にわたって測定をした化合物Iの血中濃度を示している。 化合物Iのピーク濃度(Cmax)と耐量に関する濃度曲線下面積(AUC)は、そのいずれもが、マウスの異種移植片モデル腫瘍において、有効用量の化合物Iを用いて認められた数値よりも大きかった。 例えば、60mg/kg/日の用量では、7,300ng/mlのCmaxが得られているが、異種移植片において効果的な抗腫瘍用量に関するCmaxは、2,800ng/mlと5,600ng/mlであった。 同様に、この研究において60mg/kg/日の用量で得られたAUCは、58,000ng-h/mlであったのに対して、異種移植片を有し、かつ、治療有効量の投与を受けたマウスでの対応するAUCは、15,000ng-h/mlと18,000ng-h/mlであった。
以下の記載は、本願発明の様々な実施態様を列挙したものである。
Claims (26)
- 患者の固形腫瘍を治療するための薬剤として用いられる式I:
- 患者の固形腫瘍を治療するために用いられ、かつ、固形腫瘍を治療する上で有効な量の式I:
- 前記固形腫瘍が、膵臓癌、膀胱癌、結腸直腸癌、乳癌、前立腺癌、腎臓癌、肝細胞癌、肺癌、卵巣癌、子宮頸癌、胃癌、食道癌、頭頸部癌、黒色腫、神経内分泌癌、中枢神経系癌、脳腫瘍、骨肉腫、および、軟部組織肉腫からなるグループから選択される請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 前記固形腫瘍が、非小細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌、結腸癌、中枢神経系癌、黒色腫、卵巣癌、腎臓癌、前立腺癌、および、乳癌からなるグループから選択される請求項2に記載の化合物。
- S-エナンチオマーが、少なくとも約9:1の比率で、R-エナンチオマーよりも過剰に存在する請求項2に記載の化合物。
- S-エナンチオマーが、少なくとも約19:1の比率で、R-エナンチオマーよりも過剰に存在する請求項2に記載の化合物。
- 前記患者に対して経口的に投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記患者に対して固形剤型で投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記固形剤型が、薬学的に許容可能な少なくとも一つの賦形剤と共に混合された式Iで示される光学活性化合物を含む請求項8に記載の化合物。
- 前記固形腫瘍が、卵巣癌、腎臓癌、乳癌、肺癌、結腸癌、または、前立腺癌である請求項9に記載の化合物。
- 前記患者が、化学療法治療を施しても効果がなく、あるいは、化学療法を用いた治療を施した後に再発をしている請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 式Iで示される化合物が、20〜500mg/日の用量で投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 式Iで示される化合物が、50〜250mg/日の用量で投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 式Iで示される化合物が、50〜150mgの用量で、1日に2回、投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 式Iで示される化合物が、少なくとも2回/日で投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記患者のPI3Kδ活性のレベルを低下させる、ことをさらに含む請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記患者が、ヒトである請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 投与から12時間の間、前記化合物の血中濃度が、40〜3000ng/mlの範囲にある請求項17に記載の化合物。
- 治療を受けた患者における前記化合物の血中濃度が、約100nM〜2000nMの範囲にある請求項17に記載の化合物。
- 前記薬剤が、患者に対して、経口投与、静脈内投与、または、吸入投与される請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 式Iで示される化合物を前記患者に投与することに加えて、前記患者での前記癌を治療するために選択された少なくとも一つの治療有効量の治療薬を投与し、および/または、治療手段を施す、ことをさらに含む請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記治療薬が、ドセタキセル、ミトキサントロン、プレドニゾン、エストラムスチン、アントラサイクリン系、(ドキソルビシン(アドリアマイシン)、エピルビシン(エレンス)、および、リポソームドキソルビシン(ドキシル))、タキサン(ドセタキセル(タキソテール)、パクリタキセル(タキソール)、および、タンパク質結合パクリタキセル(アブラキサン))、シクロホスファミド(シトキサン)、カペシタビン(ゼローダ)、および、5-フルオロウラシル(5-FU)、ゲムシタビン(ジェムザール)、メトトレキセート、ビノレルビン(ナベルビン)、エルロチニブなどのEGFR阻害剤、トラスツズマブ、ハーセプチン、アバスチン、プラチン(シスプラチン、カルボプラチン)、テモゾロマイド、インターフェロンα、および、IL-2からなるグループから選択される請求項21に記載の化合物。
- 前記治療薬が、EGFR阻害剤、mTOR阻害剤、プラチン、および、タキサンからなるグループから選択される請求項21に記載の化合物。
- 前記治療手段が、末梢血幹細胞移植、自家造血幹細胞移植、自家骨髄移植、抗体療法、生物療法、酵素阻害剤療法、全身照射法、幹細胞の注入、幹細胞サポートによる骨髄除去、in vitroでの末梢血幹細胞移植、臍帯血移植、免疫酵素法、免疫組織化学染色化合物、薬理学的研究、低LETコバルト60γ線療法、ブレオマイシン、従来の外科処置、放射線療法、高用量化学療法、および、骨髄非破壊的同種造血幹細胞移植からなるグループから選択される請求項21に記載の化合物。
- 前記患者から生体試料を取得し、および、血液化学検査、染色体転座分析、針生検、蛍光in situハイブリダイゼーション、臨床バイオマーカー分析、免疫組織化学染色化合物、フローサイトメトリー、または、これらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される分析手段を用いて当該生体試料を分析する、ことをさらに含む請求項2乃至6のいずれかに記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物を、前記患者に対して、約28日間、毎日2回の投与を行い、その後、少なくとも7日間、投与を取り止める請求項25に記載の化合物。
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CA2759724A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
EP2421536A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
KR20120005523A (ko) | 2012-01-16 |
CR20110560A (es) | 2012-02-02 |
IL234624A0 (en) | 2014-11-30 |
SG175259A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 |
IL215767A0 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
ES2548253T3 (es) | 2015-10-15 |
CN102458410A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
AP2011005956A0 (en) | 2011-10-31 |
WO2010123931A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
HK1162916A1 (zh) | 2012-09-07 |
US20110044942A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
US8546409B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
MX2011011036A (es) | 2012-01-20 |
EA201101507A1 (ru) | 2012-05-30 |
US20130344138A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
EP2421536B1 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
AU2010239312A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
CL2011002622A1 (es) | 2012-07-20 |
PT2421536E (pt) | 2015-10-20 |
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