JP2010517767A - 還元剤組成物の調製方法 - Google Patents
還元剤組成物の調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010517767A JP2010517767A JP2009549437A JP2009549437A JP2010517767A JP 2010517767 A JP2010517767 A JP 2010517767A JP 2009549437 A JP2009549437 A JP 2009549437A JP 2009549437 A JP2009549437 A JP 2009549437A JP 2010517767 A JP2010517767 A JP 2010517767A
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- urea
- ammonium formate
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- aqueous solution
- water
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 formate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/2073—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
85%の蟻酸(Kemira)を2532.4 kg/h、液体アンモニア(Kemira)を798.7 kg/h、及び水(DW)を4068.9 kg/h連続水冷管形反応器に供給された。試運転は1.5時間持続し、時間中に約11 m3の生成物が製造された。試験を通じて反応器は水で冷却され、水の温度は2〜3℃である。アンモニア化合反応温度は最高で24.3℃に増加した。
40Lの尿素ならびに実施例1に従って調製された蟻酸アンモニウム、及び水を含有する還元剤組成物は混合機と蒸気加熱装置を提供される開放式反応器で調製された。
2つの溶液は実施例1及び実施例2に従って蟻酸アンモニウム及び尿素から調製された。表1による分析結果は溶液について得られた。
Claims (15)
- 窒素酸化物の選択的接触還元に使用され、尿素を20〜40重量%、蟻酸アンモニウムを20〜40重量%、および水を含む還元剤組成物を調製する方法であって、蟻酸アンモニウムの水溶液は出発原料としてアンモニウム源、蟻酸エステル源を使用して現場調製され、しかも尿素がこの水溶液に添加されることを特徴とする方法。
- 前記アンモニウム源はアンモニアであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記蟻酸エステル源は蟻酸または蟻酸メチルであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 第一に工程Aにおいて20〜55重量%の蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は(i)蟻酸、アンモニア、および水から、もしくは(ii)蟻酸メチル、アンモニア、および水から調製され、尿素は別個の工程Bにおいて、工程Aで得られた20〜55重量%の蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液と混合されるか、
または
20〜55重量%の蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は管形反応器で(i)蟻酸、アンモニア、および水から、もしくは(ii)蟻酸メチル、アンモニア、および水から調製され、尿素は該当管形反応器の循環に同作業工程で直接加えられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は該水溶液を冷却し、該水分を蒸発し、該水溶液を混合する装備を含む該管形反応器で調製されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は超過圧力で調製されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は20〜80℃の温度で調製されることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液は反応される該水溶液を該管形反応器に循環することで混合されることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応(ii)の場合は該反応において生成したメタノールが蟻酸アンモニウム水溶液から分離される工程もあることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 蟻酸の濃度は85重量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 蟻酸の濃度は90重量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿素は固体尿素であることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿素は液体形態であって20〜100重量%の濃度を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記尿素は99重量%超の濃度を有することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の方法。
- 工程が連続的であることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20070134A FI120966B (fi) | 2007-02-15 | 2007-02-15 | Menetelmä pelkistysainekoostumuksen valmistamiseksi |
FI20070134 | 2007-02-15 | ||
PCT/FI2008/050062 WO2008099063A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-14 | A method for the preparation of a reducing agent composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2010517767A true JP2010517767A (ja) | 2010-05-27 |
JP5276022B2 JP5276022B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
Family
ID=37832178
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2009549437A Expired - Fee Related JP5276022B2 (ja) | 2007-02-15 | 2008-02-14 | 還元剤組成物の調製方法 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8133460B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2111285B8 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5276022B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101368989B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101622052B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2678079C (ja) |
FI (1) | FI120966B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2441692C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008099063A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8961818B2 (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-02-24 | Deere & Company | Diesel exhaust fluid formulation that reduces urea deposits in exhaust systems |
US8999277B2 (en) | 2013-06-17 | 2015-04-07 | Deere & Company | Diesel exhaust fluid formulation that reduces urea deposits in exhaust systems |
CN104128090A (zh) * | 2014-08-03 | 2014-11-05 | 长春市永畅实业有限责任公司 | 一种满足车辆低温去除氮氧化物的还原剂 |
CN109939566B (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-07-30 | 灵谷化工集团有限公司 | 一种防结晶耐低温车用尿素溶液及其制备方法 |
US12286391B2 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2025-04-29 | AWA Technology LLC | Diesel exhaust fluid on demand system, apparatus, and method |
EP4122584A1 (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-01-25 | Basf Se | Reductant fluid for the after-treatment of exhaust gas |
Citations (6)
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JPH02203923A (ja) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-13 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 窒素酸化物の接触還元方法 |
JPH08323151A (ja) * | 1995-06-05 | 1996-12-10 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | NOx含有排ガスの浄化方法 |
JP2001500063A (ja) * | 1997-07-03 | 2001-01-09 | ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | 選択的に触媒によりNOxを還元する方法および装置 |
JP2002001066A (ja) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-01-08 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 脱NOx用還元剤 |
US20060013229A1 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2006-01-19 | Joachim Johansson | Method and arrangement to reserve resources in an ip network |
JP2006517857A (ja) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-08-03 | ケミラ オーワイジェイ | 煙道ガス中の窒素酸化物を還元するための接触方法及び還元剤組成物 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3122584A (en) * | 1960-11-08 | 1964-02-25 | Allied Chem | Production of ammonium formate |
GB1111936A (en) | 1966-01-28 | 1968-05-01 | Distillers Co Yeast Ltd | De-icer composition |
US5057293A (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1991-10-15 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Multi-stage process for reducing the concentration of pollutants in an effluent |
US5342599A (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1994-08-30 | Cummins Power Generation, Inc. | Surface stabilized sources of isocyanic acid |
US5116584A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-05-26 | Energy And Environmental Research Corporation | Methods for enlarging the useful temperature window for NOx reduction in combustion systems |
DE10020100A1 (de) * | 2000-04-22 | 2001-10-31 | Dmc2 Degussa Metals Catalysts | Verfahren und Katalysator zur Reduktion von Stickoxiden |
FI117891B (fi) * | 2004-08-04 | 2007-04-13 | Kemira Oyj | Pelkistysainekoostumus |
-
2007
- 2007-02-15 FI FI20070134A patent/FI120966B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-02-14 CN CN2008800051608A patent/CN101622052B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-02-14 EP EP08718515.3A patent/EP2111285B8/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-02-14 WO PCT/FI2008/050062 patent/WO2008099063A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-02-14 CA CA2678079A patent/CA2678079C/en active Active
- 2008-02-14 RU RU2009133838/05A patent/RU2441692C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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JPH02203923A (ja) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-13 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 窒素酸化物の接触還元方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101368989B1 (ko) | 2014-02-28 |
KR20090110366A (ko) | 2009-10-21 |
JP5276022B2 (ja) | 2013-08-28 |
CA2678079C (en) | 2014-03-18 |
FI20070134L (fi) | 2008-08-16 |
CN101622052B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
RU2441692C2 (ru) | 2012-02-10 |
CA2678079A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
EP2111285B1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
FI120966B (fi) | 2010-05-31 |
EP2111285B8 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
WO2008099063A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
EP2111285A1 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
RU2009133838A (ru) | 2011-03-20 |
US20100084606A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
FI20070134A0 (fi) | 2007-02-15 |
US8133460B2 (en) | 2012-03-13 |
CN101622052A (zh) | 2010-01-06 |
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