JP2008147119A - 電解液および電池 - Google Patents
電解液および電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008147119A JP2008147119A JP2006335588A JP2006335588A JP2008147119A JP 2008147119 A JP2008147119 A JP 2008147119A JP 2006335588 A JP2006335588 A JP 2006335588A JP 2006335588 A JP2006335588 A JP 2006335588A JP 2008147119 A JP2008147119 A JP 2008147119A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- negative electrode
- electrolytic solution
- lithium
- chemical formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- -1 sulfonate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006551 perfluoro alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 60
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 41
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 38
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 21
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- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 18
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 9
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
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- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
【解決手段】、正極21および負極22と共に電解液を備え、正極21と負極22との間に設けられたセパレータ23に電解液が含浸されている。この電解液は、溶媒および電解質塩と共に、所定の構造を有するスルホン化合物(芳香族環を有しないスルホン酸・カルボン酸無水物)を含んでいる。そのスルホン化合物を含んでいない場合と比較して、電解液の分解反応が抑制される。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1は、第1の電池の断面構成を表している。この電池は、負極の容量が電極反応物質であるリチウムの吸蔵および放出に基づく容量成分により表されるものであり、いわゆるリチウムイオン二次電池である。図1では、いわゆる円筒型と呼ばれる電池構造を示している。
第2の電池は、負極22の構成が異なる点を除き、第1の電池と同様の構成、作用および効果を有していると共に同様の手順により製造される。
第3の電池は、負極22の容量がリチウムの析出および溶解に基づく容量成分により表されるものであり、いわゆるリチウム金属二次電池である。この二次電池は、負極活物質層22Bがリチウム金属により構成されている点を除き、第1の電池と同様の構成を有していると共に同様の手順により製造される。
図3は、第4の電池の分解斜視構成を表している。この電池は、正極リード31および負極リード32が取り付けられた巻回電極体30をフィルム状の外装部材40の内部に収容したものであり、この電池構造はいわゆるラミネートフィルム型と呼ばれている。
まず、負極活物質として人造黒鉛を用いて、図3および図4に示したラミネートフィルム型の二次電池を製造した。この際、負極34の容量がリチウムの吸蔵および放出に基づく容量成分により表されるリチウムイオン二次電池となるようにした。
まず、正極33を作製した。すなわち、炭酸リチウム(Li2 CO3 )と炭酸コバルト(CoCO3 )とを0.5:1のモル比で混合したのち、空気中において900℃で5時間焼成することにより、リチウム・コバルト複合酸化物(LiCoO2 )を得た。続いて、正極活物質としてリチウム・コバルト複合酸化物91質量部と、導電剤としてグラファイト6質量部と、結着剤としてポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)3質量部とを混合して正極合剤としたのち、N−メチル−2−ピロリドンに分散させることにより、ペースト状の正極合剤スラリーとした。最後に、厚さ12μmの帯状のアルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体33Aの両面に正極合剤スラリーを塗布して乾燥させたのち、ロールプレス機で圧縮成型することにより、正極活物質層33Bを形成した。こののち、正極集電体33Aの一端に、アルミニウム製の正極リード31を溶接して取り付けた。
溶媒としてDECに代えて炭酸エチルメチル(EMC)を用いたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒としてECに代えて4−フルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン(FEC)を用いたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒として炭酸プロピレン(PC)を加えたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。この際、混合溶媒の組成を重量比でEC:DEC:PC=10:70:20とした。
溶媒としてFECを2重量%加えたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒としてトランス−4,5−フルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オン(トランス−DFEC)を2重量%加えたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒として炭酸ビニレン(VC)を2重量%加えたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
電解液に化4(1)のスルホン化合物を含有させなかったことを除き、実施例1−1〜1−4と同様の手順を経た。
化4(1)のスルホン化合物に代えて化13のスルホン化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例1−2と同様の手順を経た。
電解液に化4(1)のスルホン化合物を含有させなかったことを除き、それぞれ実施例1−6,1−10と同様の手順を経た。
電解質塩として四フッ化ホウ酸リチウム(LiBF4 )を加え、電解液中におけるLiPF6 およびLiBF4の濃度をそれぞれ0.9mol/kgおよび0.1mol/kgとしたことを除き、実施例1−10と同様の手順を経た。
電解質塩としてLiBF4に代えてビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドリチウム(LiTFSI)を加えたことを除き、実施例2−1と同様の手順を経た。
電解質塩としてLiBF4に代えて化12(2)に示した1,3−パーフルオロプロパンジスルホニルイミドリチウムを加えたことを除き、実施例2−1と同様の手順を経た。
次に、負極活物質としてケイ素を用いて、図3および図4に示したラミネートフィルム型の二次電池を製造した。
負極集電体34Aの両面に、電子ビーム蒸着法によってケイ素からなる負極活物質層34Bを形成したことを除き、実施例1−1〜1−7と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒としてそれぞれFEC、トランス−DFECあるいはシス−DFECを5重量%加えたことを除き、実施例3−2と同様の手順を経た。
溶媒としてVCを2重量%加えたことを除き、実施例3−2と同様の手順を経た。
化3に示したスルホン化合物として、化4(1)のスルホン化合物に代えて化4(2)のスルホン化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例3−2と同様の手順を経た。
電解液に化4(1)のスルホン化合物を含有させなかったことを除き、実施例3−1〜3−4と同様の手順を経た。
化4(1)のスルホン化合物に代えて化13のスルホン化合物を用いたことを除き、実施例3−2と同様の手順を経た。
電解液に化4(1)のスルホン化合物を含有させなかったことを除き、それぞれ実施例3−6,3−11と同様の手順を経た。
実施例3−1〜3−12について説明した手順によって負極活物質層34Bを形成したことを除き、実施例2−1〜2−3と同様の手順を経た。
焼結法を用いて負極34を作製したことを除き、実施例3−1〜3−12と同様の手順を経た。負極34を作製する際には、まず、負極活物質として平均粒径2μmのケイ素粉末90質量部と、結着剤としてポリフッ化ビニリデン10質量%とを混合し、N−メチル−2−ピロリドンに分散させたのち、厚さ20μmの銅箔からなる負極集電体34Aの両面に塗布して乾燥させた。続いて、負極活物質層34Bの片面における厚さが15μmとなるように圧縮成型した。最後に、350℃で3時間に渡って加熱し、冷却後に帯状に裁断した。
実施例5−1〜5−12と同様に焼結法によって負極集電体34Aの両面にケイ素を含む負極活物質層34Bを形成したことを除き、比較例3−1〜3−4と同様の手順を経た。
実施例5−1〜5−12について説明した手順によって負極活物質層34Bを形成したことを除き、実施例4−1〜4−3と同様の手順を経た。
Claims (15)
- 前記スルホン化合物の含有量は、0.01重量%以上5重量%以下の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電解液。
- 前記溶媒は、化2で表されるハロゲンを構成元素として有する鎖状炭酸エステルおよび化3で表されるハロゲンを構成元素として有する環状炭酸エステルからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の電解液。
- 前記ハロゲンを構成元素として有する環状炭酸エステルは、4−フルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オンおよび4,5−ジフルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オンのうちの少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の電解液。
- 前記溶媒は、不飽和結合を有する環状炭酸エステルを含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の電解液。
- 前記電解液中における前記スルホン化合物の含有量は、0.01重量%以上5重量%以下の範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
- 前記溶媒は、化8で表されるハロゲンを構成元素として有する鎖状炭酸エステルおよび化9で表されるハロゲンを構成元素として有する環状炭酸エステルからなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
- 前記ハロゲンを構成元素として有する環状炭酸エステルは、4−フルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オンおよび4,5−ジフルオロ−1,3−ジオキソラン−2−オンのうちの少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項9記載の電池。
- 前記溶媒は、不飽和結合を有する環状炭酸エステルを含むことを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
- 前記負極は、炭素材料、リチウム金属、ならびに金属元素および半金属元素のうちの少なくとも1種を構成元素として含む材料からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
- 前記負極は、ケイ素の単体、合金および化合物、ならびにスズの単体、合金および化合物からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種を含有することを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
- 前記負極は、負極集電体と、それに設けられた負極活物質層とを含み、
前記負極活物質層は、気相法、液相法および焼成法からなる群のうちの少なくとも1種の方法により形成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の電池。
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KR100509968B1 (ko) * | 2001-12-28 | 2005-08-24 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 비수전해액 및 그것을 사용한 리튬 2차전지 |
JP4042034B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-01 | 2008-02-06 | 株式会社ジーエス・ユアサコーポレーション | 非水電解質電池 |
JP4909512B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-29 | 2012-04-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
US7608364B2 (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2009-10-27 | Nec Corporation | Lithium ion secondary battery |
JP5067522B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-08 | 2012-11-07 | ソニー株式会社 | 二次電池用電解液および二次電池 |
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2006
- 2006-12-13 JP JP2006335588A patent/JP4836767B2/ja active Active
-
2007
- 2007-10-31 US US11/932,704 patent/US20080286648A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-15 KR KR1020070116879A patent/KR20080055626A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-12-12 CN CN200710198735XA patent/CN101202364B/zh active Active
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JP2010177124A (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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US9203113B2 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2015-12-01 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Nonaqueous electrolyte solution, electrochemical element using same, and 1,2-dioxypropane compound used in same |
JP5692219B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-30 | 2015-04-01 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 非水電解液、それを用いた電気化学素子、及びそれに用いられる1,2−ジオキシプロパン化合物 |
WO2011122449A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-06 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 非水電解液、それを用いた電気化学素子、及びそれに用いられる1,2-ジオキシプロパン化合物 |
WO2012147818A1 (ja) * | 2011-04-26 | 2012-11-01 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 非水電解液、それを用いた蓄電デバイス、及び環状スルホン酸エステル化合物 |
JP6036687B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-26 | 2016-11-30 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 非水電解液、それを用いた蓄電デバイス、及び環状スルホン酸エステル化合物 |
US9608287B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2017-03-28 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolytic solution, electrical storage device utilizing same, and cyclic sulfonic acid ester compound |
JP2016167437A (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-09-15 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 非水電解液及びこれを備えたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
WO2021049178A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-03-18 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 非水電解質蓄電素子、及び蓄電装置 |
JPWO2021049178A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-03-18 | ||
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101202364A (zh) | 2008-06-18 |
US20080286648A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR20080055626A (ko) | 2008-06-19 |
JP4836767B2 (ja) | 2011-12-14 |
CN101202364B (zh) | 2010-06-09 |
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