JP2004083541A - Agent for external use to skin - Google Patents
Agent for external use to skin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004083541A JP2004083541A JP2002283620A JP2002283620A JP2004083541A JP 2004083541 A JP2004083541 A JP 2004083541A JP 2002283620 A JP2002283620 A JP 2002283620A JP 2002283620 A JP2002283620 A JP 2002283620A JP 2004083541 A JP2004083541 A JP 2004083541A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- alkylene oxide
- skin
- oxide derivative
- acid
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 83
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 29
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
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Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は皮膚外用剤、特に有効成分としてアルキレンオキシド誘導体を含む皮膚外用剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
健康な皮膚を保つためには水分の保持が不可欠であり、保湿を目的とした皮膚外用剤が数多く開発されている。また、皮膚外用剤の使用感としては、なめらかさがありべたつき感のないものが求められている。
保湿剤に関する研究は盛んに行なわれ、例えば化粧水や乳液等、各種用途に用いられている保湿剤としてグリセリンが挙げられる。このグリセリンは保湿効果以外に肌荒れを改善する効果も有する。
しかしながらグリセリンは、保湿効果・肌荒れ改善効果を上げるためには配合量を増やさなければならず、その結果、系が不安定になったり、使用性が悪くなったり、また、皮膚に適用した場合、皮脂によりはじかれ、肌へのなじみが悪くなる等の解決すべき課題があった。
【0003】
またグリセリン以外の保湿剤として、1,3−ブチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ソルビトール、キシリトール等のポリオール類が知られている。
しかし、これらのポリオール類はグリセリンに比べると使用感触、例えばべたつき感は少ないものの、保湿効果や肌荒れ改善効果は低く、またグリセリン同様、皮膚に適用した場合、皮脂によりはじかれ、肌へのなじみが悪くなる等の解決すべき課題があった。
【0004】
一方、使用感が良好で、スキンケア効果のある(ポリ)エチレングリコールジアルキルエーテルが報告されている(特許文献1参照)。しかしながら、この(ポリ)エチレングリコールジアルキルエーテルは油性基剤であり、油分として疎水性被膜形成によるバリヤー能、経皮水分損失抑制といった効果を発揮し得るものの、水溶性が低く、それ自体が保湿剤としての機能を有するものではなかった。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平10−259112号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は前記従来技術の課題に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的は保湿、肌荒れ改善効果と使用感の両立を図った皮膚外用剤を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために本発明者等が鋭意研究した結果、皮膚外用剤に特定のアルキレンオキシド誘導体を配合すると、使用感触、特になめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果を有する皮膚外用剤が得られることを見出した。また、さらにグリセリンなどの保湿剤とともにアルキレンオキシド誘導体を併用すると、保湿剤の経皮吸収が促進され、保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が相乗的に著しく向上し、また保湿剤に起因するべたつきも改善されることを見出した。さらには、アルキレンオキシド誘導体がアルブチン等の美白剤に対しても経皮吸収促進作用を発揮することが判明し、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明にかかる皮膚外用剤は、下記一般式(I)で示されるアルキレンオキシド誘導体を含むことを特徴とする。
【0008】
【化2】
R1O−[(AO)m(EO)n]−R2 (I)
(式中、AOは炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基、EOはオキシエチレン基、mおよびnはそれぞれ前記オキシアルキレン基、オキシエチレン基の平均付加モル数で、1≦m≦70、1≦n≦70である。炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基とオキシエチレン基の合計に対するオキシエチレン基の割合は、20〜80重量%である。炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基とオキシエチレン基はブロック状に付加していてもランダム状に付加していてもよい。R1,R2は、同一もしくは異なってもよい炭素数1〜4の炭化水素基または水素原子であり、R1およびR2の炭化水素基数に対する水素原子数の割合が0.15以下である。)
本発明において、オキシアルキレン基とオキシエチレン基がランダム状に付加していることが好適である。
【0009】
また、本発明の外用剤において、前記アルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)を0.01〜70重量%配合することが好適である。
また、本発明にかかる保湿剤は、前記一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体を有効成分とする。
また、本発明にかかる肌荒れ改善剤は、前記一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体を有効成分とする。
また、本発明にかかるべたつき改善剤は、前記一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体を有効成分とする。
また、本発明にかかる経皮吸収促進剤は、前記一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体を有効成分とする。
また、本発明の皮膚外用剤は、一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体と、親水性薬剤とを含有し、かつアルキレンオキシド誘導体が親水性薬剤の経皮吸収促進剤であることを特徴とする。
なお、前記親水性薬剤が保湿剤であることが好適であり、さらには保湿剤がグリセリン又はキシリトールであることが好適である。
また、前記親水性薬剤がハイドロキノン誘導体及びアスコルビン酸誘導体から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好適である。
また、本発明にかかる経皮吸収コントロール剤は、前記一般式(I)に示すアルキレンオキシド誘導体を有効成分とする。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において特徴的な一般式(I)で示されるアルキレンオキシド誘導体において、AOは炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基であり、具体的には、オキシプロピレン基、オキシブチレン基、オキシイソブチレン基、オキシトリメチレン基、オキシテトラメチレン基などが挙げられる。好ましくは、オキシプロピレン基、オキシブチレン基が挙げられる。
mは炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基の平均付加モル数であり、1≦m≦70、好ましくは2≦m≦20である。nはオキシエチレン基の平均付加モル数であり、1≦n≦70、好ましくは2≦n≦20である。炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基またはオキシエチレン基が0であるとしっとり感が落ち、70を越えるとべたつき感がでてきて、すべすべ感が十分に得られない。なお、(m+n)として、好ましくは8〜100である。(m+n)が大きすぎるとべたつくことがある。
また、炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基とオキシエチレン基の合計に対するオキシエチレン基の割合が、20〜80重量%であることが好ましい。オキシエチレン基の割合が20重量%未満であるとしっとり感に劣る傾向にあり、80重量%を超えるとすべすべ感が劣る傾向にある。
【0011】
エチレンオキシドおよび炭素数3〜4のアルキレンオキシドの付加する順序は特に指定はない。またオキシエチレン基と炭素数3〜4のオキシアルキレン基はブロック状に付加していてもランダム状に付加していてもよい。ブロック状には2段ブロックのみならず、3段以上のブロックも含まれる。好ましくはランダム状に付加されているものが挙げられる。
R1及びR2は炭素数1〜4の炭化水素基もしくは水素原子で、炭化水素基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基、tert−ブチル基などが挙げられる。好ましくはメチル基、エチル基である。炭素数5以上の炭化水素基では親水性が低下し、しっとり感が低下する。R1,R2は、同一であっても異なっていても良い。
R1およびR2はそれぞれ一種のみを用いても、炭素数1〜4の炭化水素基と水素原子とが混在しても、異種の炭素数1〜4の炭化水素基が混在してもよい。ただし、R1およびR2の炭化水素基のうち、炭化水素基と水素原子の存在割合は、炭化水素基の数(X)に対する水素原子の数(Y)の割合Y/Xが0.15以下、好ましくは0.06以下である。Y/Xの割合が0.15を越えると、べたつき感がでてくる。
【0012】
本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体は公知の方法で製造することができる。例えば、水酸基を有している化合物にエチレンオキシドおよび炭素数3〜4のアルキレンオキシドを付加重合した後、ハロゲン化アルキルをアルカリ触媒の存在下にエーテル反応させることによって得られる。
本発明の皮膚外用剤へのアルキレンオキシド誘導体の配合量は特に限定されないが、通常0.01〜70重量%程度、好ましくは0.5〜40重量%程度配合される。0.01重量%未満では配合による効果の発現が十分ではない場合があり、また70重量%を超えると使用後、べたつきを感じる場合がある。
【0013】
本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体は、皮膚外用剤に配合すると保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果を発揮する。また、さらにグリセリン等の他の保湿剤を配合した場合には、そのべたつきを抑制する効果が認められる。共存し得る保湿剤としては、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、1,3−ブチレングリコール、キシリトール、ソルビトール、マルチトール、コンドロイチン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、ムコイチン硫酸、カロニン酸、アテロコラーゲン、コレステリル−12−ヒドロキシステアレート、乳酸ナトリウム、胆汁酸塩、dl−ピロリドンカルボン酸塩、短鎖可溶性コラーゲン、ジグリセリン(EO)PO付加物、イザヨイバラ抽出物、セイヨウノコギリソウ抽出物、メリロート抽出物等が挙げられる。
本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)は、他の保湿剤の角質浸透性を促進する作用も有する。従って、皮膚外用剤中にアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)と他の保湿剤とを併用すれば、その相乗効果により極めて高い保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果を得ることが可能である。このような保湿剤としては、前記記載のものが挙げられるが、特にグリセリン、キシリトールが好ましい。
保湿剤の配合量は特に限定しないが、好ましくは皮膚外用剤全量中0.001〜20.00重量%、更に好ましくは0.1〜10.0重量%である。
また、本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)は、保湿剤以外の親水性薬剤、例えばアルブチンなどの美白剤に対しても角質浸透性を促進する作用を有する。
【0014】
本発明の皮膚外用剤は上記の必須成分を既存の皮膚外用剤基剤に配合することにより調整される。本発明の皮膚外用剤には上記した必須構成成分の他に通常化粧品や医薬品等の皮膚外用剤に用いられる他の成分、例えば、粉末成分、液体油脂、固体油脂、ロウ、炭化水素、高級脂肪酸、高級アルコール、エステル、シリコーン、アニオン界面活性剤、カチオン界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、非イオン界面活性剤、水溶性高分子、増粘剤、皮膜剤、紫外線吸収剤、金属イオン封鎖剤、低級アルコール、多価アルコール、糖、アミノ酸、有機アミン、高分子エマルジョン、pH調製剤、皮膚栄養剤、ビタミン、酸化防止剤、酸化防止助剤、香料、水等を必要に応じて適宜配合し、目的とする剤形に応じて常法により製造することが出来る。以下に具体的な配合可能成分を列挙するが、上記必須配合成分と、下記成分の任意の一種または二種以上とを配合して本発明の皮膚外用剤を調整できる。
【0015】
粉末成分としては、例えば、無機粉末(例えば、タルク、カオリン、雲母、絹雲母(セリサイト)、白雲母、金雲母、合成雲母、紅雲母、黒雲母、パーミキュライト、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、ケイ酸アルミニウム、ケイ酸バリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、ケイ酸マグネシウム、ケイ酸ストロンチウム、タングステン酸金属塩、マグネシウム、シリカ、ゼオライト、硫酸バリウム、焼成硫酸カルシウム(焼セッコウ)、リン酸カルシウム、弗素アパタイト、ヒドロキシアパタイト、セラミックパウダー、金属石鹸(例えば、ミリスチン酸亜鉛、パルミチン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸アルミニウム)、窒化ホウ素等);有機粉末(例えば、ポリアミド樹脂粉末(ナイロン粉末)、ポリエチレン粉末、ポリメタクリル酸メチル粉末、ポリスチレン粉末、スチレンとアクリル酸の共重合体樹脂粉末、ベンゾグアナミン樹脂粉末、ポリ四弗化エチレン粉末、セルロース粉末等);無機白色顔料(例えば、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛等);無機赤色系顔料(例えば、酸化鉄(ベンガラ)、チタン酸鉄等);無機褐色系顔料(例えば、γ−酸化鉄等);無機黄色系顔料(例えば、黄酸化鉄、黄土等);無機黒色系顔料(例えば、黒酸化鉄、低次酸化チタン等);無機紫色系顔料(例えば、マンゴバイオレット、コバルトバイオレット等);無機緑色系顔料(例えば、酸化クロム、水酸化クロム、チタン酸コバルト等);無機青色系顔料(例えば、群青、紺青等);パール顔料(例えば、酸化チタンコーテッドマイカ、酸化チタンコーテッドオキシ塩化ビスマス、酸化チタンコーテッドタルク、着色酸化チタンコーテッドマイカ、オキシ塩化ビスマス、魚鱗箔等);金属粉末顔料(例えば、アルミニウムパウダー、カッパーパウダー等);ジルコニウム、バリウム又はアルミニウムレーキ等の有機顔料(例えば、赤色201号、赤色202号、赤色204号、赤色205号、赤色220号、赤色226号、赤色228号、赤色405号、橙色203号、橙色204号、黄色205号、黄色401号、及び青色404号などの有機顔料、赤色3号、赤色104号、赤色106号、赤色227号、赤色230号、赤色401号、赤色505号、橙色205号、黄色4号、黄色5号、黄色202号、黄色203号、緑色3号及び青色1号等);天然色素(例えば、クロロフィル、β−カロチン等)等が挙げられる。
【0016】
液体油脂としては、例えば、アボガド油、ツバキ油、タートル油、マカデミアナッツ油、トウモロコシ油、ミンク油、オリーブ油、ナタネ油、卵黄油、ゴマ油、パーシック油、小麦胚芽油、サザンカ油、ヒマシ油、アマニ油、サフラワー油、綿実油、エノ油、大豆油、落花生油、茶実油、カヤ油、コメヌカ油、シナギリ油、日本キリ油、ホホバ油、胚芽油、トリグリセリン等が挙げられる。
【0017】
固体油脂としては、例えば、カカオ脂、ヤシ油、馬脂、硬化ヤシ油、パーム油、牛脂、羊脂、硬化牛脂、パーム核油、豚脂、牛骨脂、モクロウ核油、硬化油、牛脚脂、モクロウ、硬化ヒマシ油等が挙げられる。
【0018】
ロウ類としては、例えば、ミツロウ、カンデリラロウ、綿ロウ、カルナウバロウ、ベイベリーロウ、イボタロウ、鯨ロウ、モンタンロウ、ヌカロウ、ラノリン、カポックロウ、酢酸ラノリン、液状ラノリン、サトウキビロウ、ラノリン脂肪酸イソプロピル、ラウリン酸ヘキシル、還元ラノリン、ジョジョバロウ、硬質ラノリン、セラックロウ、POEラノリンアルコールエーテル、POEラノリンアルコールアセテート、POEコレステロールエーテル、ラノリン脂肪酸ポリエチレングリコール、 POE水素添加ラノリンアルコールエーテル等が挙げられる。
【0019】
炭化水素油としては、例えば、流動パラフィン、オゾケライト、スクワラン、プリスタン、パラフィン、セレシン、スクワレン、ワセリン、マイクロクリスタリンワックス等が挙げられる。
高級脂肪酸としては、例えば、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、ステアリン酸、ベヘン酸、オレイン酸、ウンデシレン酸、トール酸、イソステアリン酸、リノール酸、リノレイン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)等が挙げられる。
【0020】
高級アルコールとしては、例えば、直鎖アルコール(例えば、ラウリルアルコール、セチルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、ベヘニルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、オレイルアルコール、セトステアリルアルコール等);分枝鎖アルコール(例えば、モノステアリルグリセリンエーテル(バチルアルコール)、2−デシルテトラデシノール、ラノリンアルコール、コレステロール、フィトステロール、ヘキシルドデカノール、イソステアリルアルコール、オクチルドデカノール等)等が挙げられる。
【0021】
合成エステル油としては、ミリスチン酸イソプロピル、オクタン酸セチル、ミリスチン酸オクチルドデシル、パルミチン酸イソプロピル、ステアリン酸ブチル、ラウリン酸ヘキシル、ミリスチン酸ミリスチル、オレイン酸デシル、ジメチルオクタン酸ヘキシルデシル、乳酸セチル、乳酸ミリスチル、酢酸ラノリン、ステアリン酸イソセチル、イソステアリン酸イソセチル、 12−ヒドロキシステアリン酸コレステリル、ジ−2−エチルヘキサン酸エチレングリコール、ジペンタエリスリトール脂肪酸エステル、モノイソステアリン酸N−アルキルグリコール、ジカプリン酸ネオペンチルグリコール、リンゴ酸ジイソステアリル、ジ−2−ヘプチルウンデカン酸グリセリン、トリ−2−エチルヘキサン酸トリメチロールプロパン、トリイソステアリン酸トリメチロールプロパン、テトラ−2−エチルヘキサン酸ペンタエリスリトール、トリ−2−エチルヘキサン酸グリセリン、トリオクタン酸グリセリン、トリイソパルミチン酸グリセリン、トリイソステアリン酸トリメチロールプロパン、セチル2−エチルヘキサノエート、2−エチルヘキシルパルミテート、トリミリスチン酸グリセリン、トリ−2−ヘプチルウンデカン酸グリセライド、ヒマシ油脂肪酸メチルエステル、オレイン酸オレイル、アセトグリセライド、パルミチン酸2−ヘプチルウンデシル、アジピン酸ジイソブチル、N−ラウロイル−L−グルタミン酸−2−オクチルドデシルエステル、アジピン酸ジ−2−ヘプチルウンデシル、エチルラウレート、セバシン酸ジ−2−エチルヘキシル、ミリスチン酸2−ヘキシルデシル、パルミチン酸2−ヘキシルデシル、アジピン酸2−ヘキシルデシル、セバシン酸ジイソプロピル、コハク酸2−エチルヘキシル、クエン酸トリエチル等が挙げられる。
【0022】
シリコーン油としては、例えば、鎖状ポリシロキサン(例えば、ジメチルポリシロキサン、メチルフェニルポリシロキサン、ジフェニルポリシロキサン等);環状ポリシロキサン(例えば、オクタメチルシクロテトラシロキサン、デカメチルシクロペンタシロキサン、ドデカメチルシクロヘキサシロキサン等)、3次元網目構造を形成しているシリコーン樹脂、シリコーンゴム、各種変性ポリシロキサン(アミノ変性ポリシロキサン、ポリエーテル変性ポリシロキサン、アルキル変性ポリシロキサン、フッ素変性ポリシロキサン等)等が挙げられる。
【0023】
アニオン界面活性剤としては、例えば、脂肪酸セッケン(例えば、ラウリン酸ナトリウム、パルミチン酸ナトリウム等);高級アルキル硫酸エステル塩(例えば、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム、ラウリル硫酸カリウム等);アルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩(例えば、POE−ラウリル硫酸トリエタノールアミン、POE−ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等);N−アシルサルコシン酸(例えば、ラウロイルサルコシンナトリウム等);高級脂肪酸アミドスルホン酸塩(例えば、N−ミリストイル−N−メチルタウリンナトリウム、ヤシ油脂肪酸メチルタウリッドナトリウム、ラウリルメチルタウリッドナトリウム等);リン酸エステル塩(POE−オレイルエーテルリン酸ナトリウム、POE−ステアリルエーテルリン酸等);スルホコハク酸塩(例えば、ジ−2−エチルヘキシルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム、モノラウロイルモノエタノールアミドポリオキシエチレンスルホコハク酸ナトリウム、ラウリルポリプロピレングリコールスルホコハク酸ナトリウム等);アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩(例えば、リニアドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム、リニアドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸トリエタノールアミン、リニアドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸等);高級脂肪酸エステル硫酸エステル塩(例えば、硬化ヤシ油脂肪酸グリセリン硫酸ナトリウム等);N−アシルグルタミン酸塩(例えば、N−ラウロイルグルタミン酸モノナトリウム、N−ステアロイルグルタミン酸ジナトリウム、N−ミリストイル−L−グルタミン酸モノナトリウム等);硫酸化油(例えば、ロート油等);POE−アルキルエーテルカルボン酸;POE−アルキルアリルエーテルカルボン酸塩;α−オレフィンスルホン酸塩;高級脂肪酸エステルスルホン酸塩;二級アルコール硫酸エステル塩;高級脂肪酸アルキロールアミド硫酸エステル塩;ラウロイルモノエタノールアミドコハク酸ナトリウム;N−パルミトイルアスパラギン酸ジトリエタノールアミン;カゼインナトリウム等が挙げられる。
【0024】
カチオン界面活性剤としては、例えば、アルキルトリメチルアンモニウム塩(例えば、塩化ステアリルトリメチルアンモニウム、塩化ラウリルトリメチルアンモニウム等);アルキルピリジニウム塩(例えば、塩化セチルピリジニウム等);塩化ジステアリルジメチルアンモニウムジアルキルジメチルアンモニウム塩;塩化ポリ(N,N’−ジメチル−3,5−メチレンピペリジニウム);アルキル四級アンモニウム塩;アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウム塩;アルキルイソキノリニウム塩;ジアルキルモリホニウム塩;POE−アルキルアミン;アルキルアミン塩;ポリアミン脂肪酸誘導体;アミルアルコール脂肪酸誘導体;塩化ベンザルコニウム;塩化ベンゼトニウム等が挙げられる。
【0025】
両性界面活性剤としては、例えば、イミダゾリン系両性界面活性剤(例えば、2−ウンデシル−N,N,N−(ヒドロキシエチルカルボキシメチル)−2−イミダゾリンナトリウム、2−ココイル−2−イミダゾリニウムヒドロキサイド−1−カルボキシエチロキシ2ナトリウム塩等);ベタイン系界面活性剤(例えば、2−ヘプタデシル−N−カルボキシメチル−N−ヒドロキシエチルイミダゾリニウムベタイン、ラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタイン、アルキルベタイン、アミドベタイン、スルホベタイン等)等が挙げられる。
【0026】
親油性非イオン界面活性剤としては、例えば、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、ソルビタンモノオレエート、ソルビタンモノイソステアレート、ソルビタンモノラウレート、ソルビタンモノパルミテート、ソルビタンモノステアレート、ソルビタンセスキオレエート、ソルビタントリオレエート、ペンタ−2−エチルヘキシル酸ジグリセロールソルビタン、テトラ−2−エチルヘキシル酸ジグリセロールソルビタン等);グリセリンポリグリセリン脂肪酸類(例えば、モノ綿実油脂肪酸グリセリン、モノエルカ酸グリセリン、セスキオレイン酸グリセリン、モノステアリン酸グリセリン、α,α’−オレイン酸ピログルタミン酸グリセリン、モノステアリン酸グリセリンリンゴ酸等);プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、モノステアリン酸プロピレングリコール等);硬化ヒマシ油誘導体;グリセリンアルキルエーテル等が挙げられる。
【0027】
親水性非イオン界面活性剤としては、例えば、POE−ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、POE−ソルビタンモノオレエート、POE−ソルビタンモノステアレート、POE−ソルビタンモノオレエート、POE−ソルビタンテトラオレエート等);POEソルビット脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、POE−ソルビットモノラウレート、POE−ソルビットモノオレエート、POE−ソルビットペンタオレエート、POE−ソルビットモノステアレート等);POE−グリセリン脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、POE−グリセリンモノステアレート、POE−グリセリンモノイソステアレート、POE−グリセリントリイソステアレート等のPOE−モノオレエート等);POE−脂肪酸エステル類(例えば、POE−ジステアレート、POE−モノジオレエート、ジステアリン酸エチレングリコール等);POE−アルキルエーテル類(例えば、POE−ラウリルエーテル、POE−オレイルエーテル、POE−ステアリルエーテル、POE−ベヘニルエーテル、POE−2−オクチルドデシルエーテル、POE−コレスタノールエーテル等);プルロニック型類(例えば、プルロニック等);POE・POP−アルキルエーテル類(例えば、POE・POP−セチルエーテル、POE・POP−2−デシルテトラデシルエーテル、POE・POP−モノブチルエーテル、POE・POP−水添ラノリン、POE・POP−グリセリンエーテル等);テトラ POE・テトラPOP−エチレンジアミン縮合物類(例えば、テトロニック等);POE−ヒマシ油硬化ヒマシ油誘導体(例えば、POE−ヒマシ油、POE−硬化ヒマシ油、POE−硬化ヒマシ油モノイソステアレート、POE−硬化ヒマシ油トリイソステアレート、POE−硬化ヒマシ油モノピログルタミン酸モノイソステアリン酸ジエステル、POE−硬化ヒマシ油マレイン酸等);POE−ミツロウ・ラノリン誘導体(例えば、POE−ソルビットミツロウ等);アルカノールアミド(例えば、ヤシ油脂肪酸ジエタノールアミド、ラウリン酸モノエタノールアミド、脂肪酸イソプロパノールアミド等);POE−プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル;POE−アルキルアミン;POE−脂肪酸アミド;ショ糖脂肪酸エステル;アルキルエトキシジメチルアミンオキシド;トリオレイルリン酸等が挙げられる。
【0028】
天然の水溶性高分子としては、例えば、植物系高分子(例えば、アラビアガム、トラガカントガム、ガラクタン、グアガム、キャロブガム、カラヤガム、カラギーナン、ペクチン、カンテン、クインスシード(マルメロ)、アルゲコロイド(カッソウエキス)、デンプン(コメ、トウモロコシ、バレイショ、コムギ)、グリチルリチン酸);微生物系高分子(例えば、キサンタンガム、デキストラン、サクシノグルカン、ブルラン等);動物系高分子(例えば、コラーゲン、カゼイン、アルブミン、ゼラチン等)等が挙げられる。
【0029】
半合成の水溶性高分子としては、例えば、デンプン系高分子(例えば、カルボキシメチルデンプン、メチルヒドロキシプロピルデンプン等);セルロース系高分子(メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、メチルヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、セルロース硫酸ナトリウム、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、結晶セルロース、セルロース末等);アルギン酸系高分子(例えば、アルギン酸ナトリウム、アルギン酸プロピレングリコールエステル等)等が挙げられる。
【0030】
合成の水溶性高分子としては、例えば、ビニル系高分子(例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリビニルピロリドン、カルボキシビニルポリマー等);ポリオキシエチレン系高分子(例えば、ポリエチレングリコール20,000、40,000、60,000のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレン共重合体等);アクリル系高分子(例えば、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリエチルアクリレート、ポリアクリルアミド等);ポリエチレンイミン;カチオンポリマー等が挙げられる。
【0031】
増粘剤としては、例えば、アラビアガム、カラギーナン、カラヤガム、トラガカントガム、キャロブガム、クインスシード(マルメロ)、カゼイン、デキストリン、ゼラチン、ペクチン酸ナトリウム、アラギン酸ナトリウム、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、CMC、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、PVA、PVM、PVP、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ローカストビーンガム、グアガム、タマリントガム、ジアルキルジメチルアンモニウム硫酸セルロース、キサンタンガム、ケイ酸アルミニウムマグネシウム、ベントナイト、ヘクトライト、ケイ酸A1Mg(ビーガム) 、ラポナイト、無水ケイ酸等が挙げられる。
【0032】
紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、安息香酸系紫外線吸収剤(例えば、パラアミノ安息香酸(以下、PABAと略す)、PABAモノグリセリンエステル、N,N−ジプロポキシPABAエチルエステル、N,N−ジエトキシPABAエチルエステル、N,N−ジメチルPABAエチルエステル、N,N−ジメチルPABAブチルエステル、N,N−ジメチルPABAエチルエステル等);アントラニル酸系紫外線吸収剤(例えば、ホモメンチル−N− アセチルアントラニレート等);サリチル酸系紫外線吸収剤(例えば、アミルサリシレート、メンチルサリシレート、ホモメンチルサリシレート、オクチルサリシレート、フェニルサリシレート、ベンジルサリシレート、p−イソプロパノールフェニルサリシレート等);桂皮酸系紫外線吸収剤(例えば、オクチルシンナメート、エチル−4−イソプロピルシンナメート、メチル−2,5−ジイソプロピルシンナメート、エチル−2,4−ジイソプロピルシンナメート、メチル−2,4−ジイソプロピルシンナメート、プロピル−p−メトキシシンナメート、イソプロピル−p−メトキシシンナメート、イソアミル−p−メトキシシンナメート、オクチル−p−メトキシシンナメート(2−エチルヘキシル−p−メトキシシンナメート) 、2−エトキシエチル−p−メトキシシンナメート、シクロヘキシル−p−メトキシシンナメート、エチル−α−シアノ−β−フェニルシンナメート、2−エチルヘキシル−α−シアノ−β−フェニルシンナメート、グリセリルモノ−2−エチルヘキサノイル−ジパラメトキシシンナメート等);ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤(例えば、2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’− ジヒドロキシ−4− メトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’,4,4’−テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4− メトキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4− メトキシ−4’−メチルベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4− メトキシベンゾフェノン−5−スルホン酸塩、4−フェニルベンゾフェノン、2−エチルヘキシル−4’−フェニル−ベンゾフェノン−2−カルボキシレート、2−ヒドロキシ−4−n−オクトキシベンゾフェノン、4−ヒドロキシ−3−カルボキシベンゾフェノン等);3−(4’−メチルベンジリデン)−d,l−カンファー、3−ベンジリデン−d,l−カンファー;2−フェニル−5−メチルベンゾキサゾール;2,2’−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルフェニルベンゾトリアゾール;2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−t−オクチルフェニル) ベンゾトリアゾール;2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニルベンゾトリアゾール;ジベンザラジン;ジアニソイルメタン;4−メトキシ−4’−t−ブチルジベンゾイルメタン;5−(3,3−ジメチル−2−ノルボルニリデン)−3−ペンタン−2−オン等が挙げられる。
【0033】
金属イオン封鎖剤としては、例えば、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1−ジフォスホン酸、1−ヒドロキシエタン−1,1− ジフォスホン酸四ナトリウム塩、エデト酸二ナトリウム、エデト酸三ナトリウム、エデト酸四ナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム、ポリリン酸ナトリウム、メタリン酸ナトリウム、グルコン酸、リン酸、クエン酸、アスコルビン酸、コハク酸、エデト酸、エチレンジアミンヒドロキシエチル三酢酸3ナトリウム等が挙げられる。
【0034】
低級アルコールとしては、例えば、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、イソブチルアルコール、t−ブチルアルコール等が挙げられる。
【0035】
多価アルコールとしては、例えば、2価のアルコール(例えば、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、トリメチレングリコール、1,2−ブチレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、テトラメチレングリコール、2,3−ブチレングリコール、ペンタメチレングリコール、2−ブテン−1,4−ジオール、ヘキシレングリコール、オクチレングリコール等);3価のアルコール(例えば、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン等);4価アルコール(例えば、1,2,6−ヘキサントリオール等のペンタエリスリトール等);5価アルコール(例えば、キシリトール等);6価アルコール(例えば、ソルビトール、マンニトール等);多価アルコール重合体(例えば、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ジグリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール、トリグリセリン、テトラグリセリン、ポリグリセリン等);2価のアルコールアルキルエーテル類(例えば、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノヘキシルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ2−メチルヘキシルエーテル、エチレングリコールイソアミルエーテル、エチレングリコールベンジルエーテル、エチレングリコールイソプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル等);2価アルコールアルキルエーテル類(例えば、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールメチルエチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールイソプロピルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールエチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールブチルエーテル等);2価アルコールエーテルエステル(例えば、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールジアジベート、エチレングリコールジサクシネート、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノフェニルエーテルアセテート等);グリセリンモノアルキルエーテル(例えば、キシルアルコール、セラキルアルコール、バチルアルコール等);糖アルコール(例えば、ソルビトール、マルチトール、マルトトリオース、マンニトール、ショ糖、エリトリトール、グルコース、フルクトース、デンプン分解糖、マルトース、キシリトース、デンプン分解糖還元アルコール等);グリソリッド;テトラハイドロフルフリルアルコール;POE−テトラハイドロフルフリルアルコール;POP−ブチルエーテル;POP・POE−ブチルエーテル;トリポリオキシプロピレングリセリンエーテル;POP−グリセリンエーテル;POP−グリセリンエーテルリン酸;POP・POE−ペンタンエリスリトールエーテル、ポリグリセリン等が挙げられる。
【0036】
単糖としては、例えば、三炭糖(例えば、D−グリセリルアルデヒド、ジヒドロキシアセトン等);四炭糖(例えば、D−エリトロース、D−エリトルロース、D−トレオース、エリスリトール等);五炭糖(例えば、L−アラビノース、D−キシロース、L−リキソース、D−アラビノース、D−リボース、D−リブロース、D−キシルロース、L−キシルロース等);六炭糖(例えば、D−グルコース、D−タロース、D−ブシコース、D−ガラクトース、D−フルクトース、L−ガラクトース、L−マンノース、D−タガトース等);七炭糖(例えば、アルドヘプトース、ヘプロース等);八炭糖(例えば、オクツロース等);デオキシ糖(例えば、2−デオキシ−D−リボース、6−デオキシ−L−ガラクトース、6−デオキシ−L−マンノース等);アミノ糖(例えば、D−グルコサミン、D−ガラクトサミン、シアル酸、アミノウロン酸、ムラミン酸等);ウロン酸(例えば、D−グルクロン酸、D−マンヌロン酸、L−グルロン酸、D−ガラクツロン酸、L−イズロン酸等)等が挙げられる。
【0037】
オリゴ糖としては、例えば、ショ糖、グンチアノース、ウンベリフェロース、ラクトース、プランテオース、イソリクノース類、α,α−トレハロース、ラフィノース、リクノース類、ウンビリシン、スタキオースベルバスコース類等が挙げられる。
【0038】
多糖としては、例えば、セルロース、クインスシード、コンドロイチン硫酸、デンプン、ガラクタン、デルマタン硫酸、グリコーゲン、アラビアガム、ヘパラン硫酸、ヒアルロン酸、トラガントガム、ケラタン硫酸、コンドロイチン、キサンタンガム、ムコイチン硫酸、グアガム、デキストラン、ケラト硫酸、ローカストビーンガム、サクシノグルカン、カロニン酸等が挙げられる。
【0039】
アミノ酸としては、例えば、中性アミノ酸(例えば、スレオニン、システイン等);塩基性アミノ酸(例えば、ヒドロキシリジン等)等が挙げられる。また、アミノ酸誘導体として、例えば、アシルサルコシンナトリウム(ラウロイルサルコシンナトリウム) 、アシルグルタミン酸塩、アシルβ−アラニンナトリウム、グルタチオン、ピロリドンカルボン酸等が挙げられる。
【0040】
有機アミンとしては、例えば、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、モルホリン、トリイソプロパノールアミン、2−アミノ−2−メチル−1,3−プロパンジオール、2−アミノ−2−メチル−1−プロパノール等が挙げられる。
高分子エマルジョンとしては、例えば、アクリル樹脂エマルジョン、ポリアクリル酸エチルエマルジョン、アクリルレジン液、ポリアクリルアルキルエステルエマルジョン、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂エマルジョン、天然ゴムラテックス等が挙げられる。
【0041】
pH調製剤としては、例えば、乳酸−乳酸ナトリウム、クエン酸−クエン酸ナトリウム、コハク酸−コハク酸ナトリウム等の緩衝剤等が挙げられる。
ビタミン類としては、例えば、ビタミンA、B1、B2、B6、C、Eおよびその誘導体、パントテン酸およびその誘導体、ビオチン等が挙げられる。
酸化防止剤としては、例えば、トコフェロール類、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール、没食子酸エステル類等が挙げられる。
【0042】
酸化防止助剤としては、例えば、リン酸、クエン酸、アスコルビン酸、マレイン酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸、ケファリン、ヘキサメタフォスフェイト、フィチン酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸等が挙げられる。
【0043】
その他の配合可能成分としては、例えば、防腐剤(エチルパラベン、ブチルパラベン等);消炎剤(例えば、グリチルリチン酸誘導体、グリチルレチン酸誘導体、サリチル酸誘導体、ヒノキチオール、酸化亜鉛、アラントイン等);美白剤(例えば、胎盤抽出物、ユキノシタ抽出物、アルブチン等);各種抽出物(例えば、オウバク、オウレン、シコン、シャクヤク、センブリ、バーチ、セージ、ビワ、ニンジン、アロエ、ゼニアオイ、アイリス、ブドウ、ヨクイニン、ヘチマ、ユリ、サフラン、センキュウ、ショウキュウ、オトギリソウ、オノニス、ニンニク、トウガラシ、チンピ、トウキ、海藻等)、賦活剤(例えば、ローヤルゼリー、感光素、コレステロール誘導体等);血行促進剤(例えば、ノニル酸ワレニルアミド、ニコチン酸ベンジルエステル、ニコチン酸β−ブトキシエチルエステル、カプサイシン、ジンゲロン、カンタリスチンキ、イクタモール、タンニン酸、α−ボルネオール、ニコチン酸トコフェロール、イノシトールヘキサニコチネート、シクランデレート、シンナリジン、トラゾリン、アセチルコリン、ベラパミル、セファランチン、γ−オリザノール等);抗脂漏剤(例えば、硫黄、チアントール等);抗炎症剤(例えば、トラネキサム酸、チオタウリン、ヒポタウリン等)等が挙げられる。
【0044】
本発明の皮膚外用剤の剤型は任意であり、溶液系、可溶化系、乳化系、粉末分散系、水−油二層系、水−油−粉末三層系、ジェル、ミスト、スプレー、ムース、ロールオン、スティック等、どのような剤型でも構わない。不織布等のシートに含浸あるいは塗布した製剤なども可能である。また、本発明の皮膚外用剤の製品形態も任意であり、化粧水、乳液、クリーム、パック等のフェーシャル化粧料;ファンデーション、口紅、アイシャドー等のメーキャップ化粧料;日焼け止め化粧料(サンスクリーン剤);ボディー化粧料;芳香化粧料;メーク落とし、ボディーシャンプーなどの皮膚洗浄料;ヘアリキッド、ヘアトニック、ヘアコンディショナー、シャンプー、リンス、育毛料等の毛髪化粧料;軟膏等に用いることが出来る。
【0045】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について説明する。
なお、本発明の実施例説明に先立ち、評価方法を以下に示す。
「コンダクタンス測定による試験法」
10名のパネルの前腕部を用い、塗布前と塗布後30分、60分後、120分後の皮膚コンダクタンスを測定し、この変化率から保湿効果を評価した。尚、皮膚コンダクタンスの変化率は、以下の式(II)により求められ、角層の吸水性、水分保持能への影響を検討することが可能であり、この変化率が小さいと、角層水分の増加があり、保湿効果が高いと評価できる。
式(II)
コンダクタンス変化率=(塗布前のコンダクタンス)/(塗布後のコンダクタンス)
【0046】
「コンダクタンス測定による試験」の評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…パネル10名のコンダクタンス変化率の平均:0以上0.1未満
○…パネル10名のコンダクタンス変化率の平均:0.1以上0.2未満
△…パネル10名のコンダクタンス変化率の平均:0.2以上0.5未満
×…パネル10名のコンダクタンス変化率の平均:0.5以上
【0047】
「評価(1):肌のなめらかさ」
使用中及び使用後の肌のなめらかさを専門パネラー10名により実使用試験を実施した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…専門パネラー8名以上が使用中及び使用後肌がなめらかであると認めた。
○…専門パネラー6名以上8名未満が使用中及び使用後肌がなめらかであると認めた。
△…専門パネラー3名以上6名未満が使用中及び使用後肌がなめらかであると認めた。
×…専門パネラー3名未満が使用中及び使用後肌がなめらかであると認めた。
【0048】
「評価(2):肌へのべたつきのなさ」
使用中及び使用後の肌へのべたつきのなさを専門パネラー10名により実使用試験を実施した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…専門パネラー8名以上が使用中及び使用後肌へのべたつきがないと認めた。
○…専門パネラー6名以上8名未満が使用中及び使用後肌へのべたつきがないと認めた。
△…専門パネラー3名以上6名未満が使用中及び使用後肌へのべたつきがないと認めた。
×…専門パネラー3名未満が使用中及び使用後肌へのべたつきがないと認めた。
【0049】
「評価(3):保湿効果感」
使用120分後の保湿効果感の有無を専門パネラー10名により実使用試験を実施した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…専門パネラー8名以上が、保湿効果感があると認めた。
○…専門パネラー6名以上8名未満が、保湿効果感があると認めた。
△…専門パネラー3名以上6名未満が、保湿効果感があると認めた。
×…専門パネラー3名未満が、保湿効果感があると認めた。
【0050】
「評価(4):肌荒れ改善効果試験」
顔(部位:頬)に肌荒れをおこしている10名のパネルにより、肌荒れ改善効果試験を実施した。試験法は左右の頬に、異なる化粧水を1週間塗布し、その期間終了後の翌日に判定した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…パネル8名以上が、肌荒れが改善されていると認めた。
○…パネル6名以上8名未満が、肌荒れが改善されていると認めた。
△…パネル3名以上6名未満が、肌荒れが改善されていると認めた。
×…パネル3名未満が、肌荒れが改善されていると認めた。
【0051】
「評価(5):皮膚刺激試験」
10名のパネルの上腕内側部に24時間の閉塞パッチを行ない、その後以下の基準により平均値を算出した。
0…全く異常が認められない。
1…わずかに赤みが認められる。
2…赤みが認められる。
3…赤みと丘疹が認められる。
「皮膚刺激試験」の評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎…パネル10名の平均値:0以上0.1未満
○…パネル10名の平均値:0.1以上0.15未満
△…パネル10名の平均値:0.15以上0.2未満
×…パネル10名の平均値:0.2以上
まず、本発明者等は各種保湿剤各10%水溶液について、前記基準によりコンダクタンスの評価を行った。
【0052】
【表1】
この結果、1,3−ブチレングリコールあるいはグリセリン等の一般的な保湿剤に比較し、両末端に炭化水素基が結合したEO/PO誘導体が保湿性に優れていることが明らかとなった。
そこで、本発明者等はアルキレンオキシド誘導体について検討を進めた。なお、試験で用いた各アルキレンオキシド誘導体は、下記合成例1ないし2に準じて製造されたものである。また、本発明において、EOはオキシエチレン基、POはオキシプロピレン基、[(EO)/(PO)]はランダム状結合を表す。
【0053】
合成例1 ランダムポリマーの合成例
ポリオキシエチレン(10モル)ポリオキシプロピレン(10モル)ジメチルエーテル
【化3】
CH3O[(EO)10/(PO)10]CH3
【0054】
プロピレングリコール76gと触媒として水酸化カリウム3.1gをオートクレーブ中に仕込み、オートクレーブ中の空気を乾燥窒素で置換した後、攪拌しながら140℃で触媒を完全に溶解した。次に滴下装置によりエチレンオキシド440gとプロピレンオキシド522gの混合物を滴下させ、2時間攪拌した。次に、水酸化カリウム224gを仕込み、系内を乾燥窒素で置換した後、塩化メチル188gを温度80〜130℃で圧入し5時間反応させた。その後オートクレーブより反応組成物を取り出し、塩酸で中和してpH6〜7とし、含有する水分を除去するため減圧−0.095MPa(50mmHg)、100℃で1時間処理した。さらに処理後生成した塩を除去するため濾過を行い、化3のアルキレンオキシド誘導体を得た。
塩化メチルを反応させる前にサンプリングし、精製したものの水酸基価が107、得られた化3の化合物の水酸基価が0.4、末端メチル基数に対する水素原子数の割合は0.004であり、ほぼ完全に水素原子がメチル基に変換されている。
【0055】
合成例2 ブロックポリマーの合成
ポリオキシエチレン(10モル)ポリオキシプロピレン(10モル)ジメチルエーテル
【化4】
CH3O(EO)5(PO)10(EO)5CH3
【0056】
プロピレングリコール76gと触媒として水酸化カリウム3.1gをオートクレーブ中に仕込み、オートクレーブ中の空気を乾燥窒素で置換した後、攪拌しながら140℃で触媒を完全に溶解した。次に滴下装置によりプロピレンオキシド522gを滴下させ、2時間攪拌した。ひきづつき滴下装置によりエチレンオキシド440gを滴下させ、2時間攪拌した。次に、水酸化カリウム224gを仕込み、系内を乾燥窒素で置換した後、塩化メチル188gを温度80〜130℃で圧入し5時間反応させた。その後オートクレーブより反応組成物を取り出し、塩酸で中和してpH6〜7とし、含有する水分を除去するため減圧−0.095MPa(50mmHg)、100℃で1時間処理した。さらに処理後生成した塩を除去するため濾過を行い、化4のアルキレンオキシド誘導体を得た。
塩化メチルを反応させる前にサンプリングし、精製したものの水酸基価が110、得られた化4の化合物の水酸基価が0.3、末端メチル基数に対する水素原子数の割合は0.003であり、ほぼ完全に水素原子がメチル基に変換されている。
【0057】
以上の各合成例に準じ、各種アルキレンオキシド誘導体を調整し、下記試験用基本組成を用いてその皮膚外用剤としての評価を行った。
試験用基本組成
エタノール 2重量%
グリセリン 5
1,3−ブチレングリコール 5
ニコチン酸アミド 0.3
ピロリドンカルボン酸ナトリウム 0.5
精製水 残余
【0058】
[R1,R2の決定]
まず、本発明者等はR1,R2と皮膚外用剤としての適性との相関について検討した。結果を次の表2に示す。なお、いずれの化合物もEO,PO部は
[(EO)10/(PO)10]
を用いている。また、各化合物の配合量は前記基本組成に対し5重量%である。
【0059】
【表2】
表2より明らかなように、R1,R2の両者の炭素数が1〜4の場合(化合物2,3,4)には、いずれも優れた保湿効果、使用感が得られた。
【0060】
これに対し、R1,R2が水素であった場合(化合物1)には、べたつき感が強く、またR1がC12であった場合(化合物6)には、保湿性、使用感ともに好ましくないものとなった。一方、R1,R2の炭素数の和が7であり、化合物4よりも少ない場合にも、R1がC6となる(化合物5)とやはり保湿感が落ちる傾向にあった。
以上のことから、本発明にかかる基剤には、R1,R2ともに炭素数が1〜4の炭化水素基であることが必要である。
【0061】
なお、実際の製造にあたってはR1,R2のすべてが炭化水素基により置換されるとは限らないため、その未置換(H)の化合物の許容存在割合について検討を行った。なお、未置換の割合は、炭化水素基の数(X)に対する水素原子の数(Y)の割合Y/Xで表わす。なお、下記表3中、1:2=5:95は、化合物1と化合物2を5:95の割合で混合し、所定のY/Xを調整したことを意味する。
【0062】
【表3】
前記表3より明らかなように、R1,R2について未反応のものが存在しても、その量が少なければ(Y/X=0.053)大きな影響はないが、Y/Xが0.202になると明らかにべたつき感を生じる。さらに本発明者等の詳細な検討の結果、Y/Xは0.15以下であることが必要であることが明らかとなった。
【0063】
[オキシアルキレン基、オキシエチレン基]
次に本発明者等はオキシアルキレン基、オキシエチレン基の存在と皮膚外用剤(前記基本組成に対して5重量%配合)としての適性について検討を行った。
結果を次の表4に示す。なお、化合物7〜11については、R1,R2がCH3のものを用いている。
【0064】
【表4】
【0065】
【化5】
【0066】
表4より明らかなように、オキシアルキレン基及びオキシエチレン基の両者の存在が本発明の保湿性、使用性に不可欠であり、化5に示す化合物12も効果が低いことから、単に親水性、疎水性の調整効果ではないものと考えられる。本発明者等のさらに詳細な検討によりオキシアルキレン基及びオキシエチレン基の合計に対するオキシエチレン基の好適な割合は20〜80重量%であることが明らかとなった。
さらに本発明者等は同一アルキレン基数、オキシエチレン基数でブロックポリマー、ランダムポリマーを製造し、その比較を行った。
【0067】
【表5】
前記表5より明らかなように、ブロックポリマーであってもランダムポリマーであっても本発明の効果を奏することができるが、特にランダムポリマーの場合に優れた使用感を得ることができる。
[皮膚外用剤への配合量]
次に本発明者等は本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体の皮膚外用剤(前記基本処方)への配合量についてさらに検討を行った。
【0068】
【表6】
表6に示す結果より、本発明にかかる化合物の添加効果は、0.01重量%程度から認められるが、特に顕著に認められるのは0.5重量%以上である。但し、70重量%となると、ややべたつきを生じはじめるので、40重量%程度までの配合が好ましい。
【0069】
[べたつき改善効果]
さらに本発明者等は、本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体に関し、各種配合を検討する過程で、アルキレンオキシド誘導体にグリセリンなどの保湿剤に見られるべたつきの改善効果があることを見出した。すなわち、表6において、アルキレンオキシド誘導体無配合の試験区においても、グリセリンなどに起因するべたつきが認められる。これに対し、アルキレンオキシド誘導体を加えると、単にべたつき感が増悪するのを抑制するのではなく、他の保湿剤に起因するべたつきを改善できるのである。
【0070】
[経皮吸収促進効果]
下記表7のように、アルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)やグリセリンはそれ自体が保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果を有するが、他の保湿剤との併用系においては、その保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が相乗的に著しく改善される。
【表7】
【0071】
そこで、本発明者等はアルキレンオキシド誘導体の作用をさらに詳細に検討した。その結果、本発明にかかるアルキレンオキシド誘導体にグリセリンなどの他の保湿剤の角質浸透促進作用があることも判明した。すなわち、図1のように、グリセリン単独の場合(コントロール)に比べて本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体を併用した場合(試料2)の方がグリセリンの浸透量が約40%増大した。図1の試験方法は次の通りであった。
(1)被験試料
【表8】
【0072】
(2)試験方法
試験は、テープストリッピング法により行った。テープストリッピング法は、薬物を塗布後、角層をテープで剥離し、角層内の薬物濃度を求める手法であり、ヒト皮膚の薬物吸収量を見積もる手段として一般的に用いられている方法である。具体的には、下記(1)〜(7)の手順で操作を行い、テープで剥離した角層からのグリセリン回収量から、グリセリンの浸透性を調べた。なお、試験は4名のパネルにより行い、その平均値で評価した。
(1)パネルの両腕前腕内側部を石けん洗浄。
(2)試料塗布(20ml/20cm2)。前腕内側部において、右腕は手首に近い方に試料1、肘関節に近い方に試料2を塗布する。左腕は試料1,2が右腕と逆の位置になるよう塗布する。
(3)4時間放置。
(4)両腕前腕内側部石けん洗浄。
(5)角層テープストリッピング(8層)。
(6)テープからイオン交換水でグリセリンを抽出。
(7)グリセリン定量(HPLC)。
【0073】
さらに、本発明者等は保湿剤としてグリセリンの代わりにキシリトールを用いて同様に検討を行った。なお、試験方法は、(3)放置時間を6時間とした以外は前記グリセリンにおけるテープストリッピング法と同じであった。用いた試料は下記表9の通りであった。
【表9】
【0074】
結果を図2に示す。図2からわかるように、何れの4名のパネルA〜Dの何れにおいても、アルキレンオキシド誘導体無配合の試料3(コントロール)に比べてアルキレンオキシド誘導体を配合した場合(試料4)の方が角層へのキシリトール浸透量が増加していた。
以上のことから、アルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)は、グリセリンやキシリトール等の保湿剤などに対して経皮吸収を促進することが示唆された。
さらに、本発明者等は保湿剤以外の親水性薬剤に対するアルキレンオキシド誘導体の効果を調べるため、アルブチン(ハイドロキノン−β−D−グルコピラノシド)を用いて同様に検討を行った。なお、試験方法は前記グリセリンにおけるテープストリッピング法に準じた。用いた試料とその結果を下記表10に示す。
【表10】
表10からわかるように、アルキレンオキシド誘導体無配合の試料5(コントロール)に比べてアルキレンオキシド誘導体を配合した場合(試料6)の方が、アルブチン、グリセリン共に角層への浸透量が増加していた。
以上のことから、アルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)は、アルブチン等の美白剤などに対しても経皮吸収を促進することが示唆された。
【0075】
本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体の経皮吸収促進効果を発揮する作用機作は明らかではないが、本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体が保湿剤や美白剤などの親水性薬剤と基剤との親和性を低下させることにより経皮吸収を促進しているのではないかと推察される。
すなわち、理論的には、薬剤の基剤中における活量が大きいほど薬物の皮膚透過速度は大きくなるので、薬剤の飽和溶解度以下の領域では、薬剤と基剤との親和性を低下させる(薬剤と基剤との溶解度パラメータの値の差を広げる)ことにより、皮膚への分配を大きくすることが可能である。
【0076】
本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)の特徴として、高い水溶性(水への溶解度100%以上)とともに、高い脂溶性も有する(エステル油への溶解度100%以上)ことが挙げられる。このような溶解特性はアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)の化学構造に由来している。そして、このように水溶性と脂溶性とを兼ね備えた水性基剤で、水性基剤に配合して基剤の溶解度パラメータを大きく変化させることができる機能を有し、且つ皮膚外用剤の基剤として優れた適性を持つものはこれまでほとんどなかった。
従って、このようなアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)を水性基剤に添加することにより、基剤の溶解度パラメータが大きく変化して保湿剤のような親水性薬剤と基剤と親和性が著しく低下し、その結果角質浸透性が高まるものと推察される。よって、親水性薬剤として、保湿剤のように水溶性でかつ皮膚に浸透して効果を発揮する薬剤、例えば、水溶性ビタミンやアミノ酸、美白剤等を用いれば、その効果の向上が期待できる。経皮吸収促進が期待できる薬剤としては親水性の高いものが望ましく、これに限定されるものではないが、水溶性、脂溶性を表す水/オクタノール分配係数(logP値)を一つの指標とすれば、0以下のものが有効であり、さらに好ましくは−1以下である。logP値−1.0以下の水溶性薬剤としては、例えば、ハイドロキノン配糖体及び誘導体、アスコルビン酸及びその誘導体、サリチル酸誘導体等が挙げられる。logP値とは、Chemical Reviews vol71(6), 525 (1971)などで定義されている水とオクタノールへの物質の分配のしやすさにより、極性をあらわす係数である。
【0077】
一方、比較的角質透過性が高い脂溶性薬剤に対しては、逆にアルキレンオキシド誘導体を配合することにより、経皮吸収を抑制することが可能であると考えられる。例えば、脂溶性薬剤が水性基剤中に可溶化あるいは分散されている場合、アルキレンオキシド誘導体の添加により、基剤と薬剤との溶解度パラメータの差が縮小し、薬物と基剤との親和性が高くなって角質浸透性が抑制される。従って、できるだけ皮膚に浸透しないことが望ましい脂溶性薬剤(例えば防腐剤、紫外線吸収剤など)に対しては、アルキレンオキシド誘導体の配合により経皮吸収の抑制が期待できる。経皮吸収の抑制が期待できる薬剤としては、これに限定されるものではないが、水/オクタノール分配係数(logP値)が0.5以上のものが有効であり、さらに好ましくは1.0以上である。logP値1.0以上の脂溶性薬剤としては、例えば、メチルパラベン、エチルパラベン、ブチルパラベン、フェノキシエタノール、オクチルメトキシシンナメート等が挙げられる。
【0078】
以上のように、本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)は水性基剤中に配合することにより、保湿剤や美白剤のような親水性薬剤に対しては経皮吸収促進作用を発揮することができる。一方、防腐剤や紫外線吸収剤のような脂溶性薬剤に対しては経皮吸収抑制作用が期待される。また、油性基剤中においては、アルキレンオキシド誘導体はこれらと逆の作用を発揮すると推察できる。よって、本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体は、経皮吸収コントロール剤として機能することが可能である。
本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体(I)はEO鎖とAO鎖の数や割合により、その性質を調整できるので、対象とする薬剤に合わせて適正を容易にコントロールすることができるという利点も有する。
【0079】
以下、本発明にかかる皮膚外用剤の好適な配合例について説明する。
配合例1 クリーム
A.油相
ステアリン酸 10.0 重量%
ステアリルアルコール 4.0
ステアリン酸ブチル 8.0
ステアリン酸モノグリセリンエステル 2.0
ビタミンEアセテート 0.5
ビタミンAパルミテート 0.1
マカデミアナッツ油 1.0
茶実油 3.0
香料 0.4
防腐剤 適 量
B.水相
化合物13 5.0
グリセリン 4.0
1,2ペンタンジオール 3.0
ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム 1.0
水酸化カリウム 2.0
アスコルビン酸リン酸マグネシウム 0.1
L−アルギニン塩酸塩 0.01
エデト酸三ナトリウム 0.05
精製水 残 余
【0080】
(製法及び評価)
Aの油相部とBの水相部をそれぞれ70℃に加熱し完全溶解する。A相をB相に加えて、乳化機で乳化する。乳化物を、熱交換機を用いて冷却してクリームを得た。得られたクリームはなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0081】
配合例2 クリーム
A.油相
セタノール 4.0 重量%
ワセリン 7.0
イソプロピルミリステート 8.0
スクワラン 15.0
ステアリン酸モノグリセリンエステル 2.2
POE(20)ソルビタンモノステアレート 2.8
ビタミンEニコチネート 2.0
香料 0.3
酸化防止剤 適 量
防腐剤 適 量
B.水相
化合物2 10.0
グリセリン 10.0
ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム 0.02
ジプロピレングリコール 4.0
ピロリドンカルボン酸ナトリウム 1.0
エデト酸二ナトリウム 0.01
精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
配合例1に準じてクリームを得た。得られたクリームはなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0082】
配合例3 乳液
A.油相
スクワラン 5.0 重量%
オレイルオレート 3.0
ワセリン 2.0
ソルビタンセスキオレイン酸エステル 0.8
ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル(20EO) 1.2
月見草油 0.5
香料 0.3
防腐剤 適 量
B.水相
化合物9 8.0
1,3ブチレングリコール 4.5
エタノール 3.0
カルボキシビニルポリマー 0.2
水酸化カリウム 0.1
L−アルギニンL−アスパラギン酸塩 0.01
エデト酸塩 0.05
精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
配合例1に準じて乳液を得た。得られた乳液はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0083】
(製法及び評価)
配合例1に準じてファンデーションを得た。得られたファンデーションはなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0084】
(製法及び評価)
Aのアルコール相をBの水相に添加し、可溶化して化粧水を得た。得られた化粧水はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0085】
配合例6 W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤
(1)エチルセルロース 0.5重量%
(2)エチルアルコール 4.0
(3)化合物2 2.0
(4)パラメトキシケイ皮酸オクチル 5.0
(5)コハク酸ジ2−エチルヘキシルアルコール 22.0
(6)メチルハイドロジェンポリシロキサン処理二酸化チタン 6.0
(7)カルボキシメチルセルロース 1.0
(8)香料 適 量
(9)防腐剤 適 量
(10)精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
(1)に(2)〜(3)を加え十分に膨潤させたのち、(4)〜(6)を加え加熱混合し十分に分散及び溶解した。この分散液を70℃に保ち、(7)、(8)〜(10)を混合した溶液を徐々に加えながらホモミキサーで乳化し、W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤を得た。得られたW/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0086】
配合例7 W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤
A成分
オクチルメトキシシンナメート 2.0 重量%
デカメチルシクロペンタシロキサン 30.5
トリメチルシロキシシリケイト 2.5
ジメチルシリコン 5.0
POEポリメチルシロキサンコポリマー 1.0
ジメチルステアリルアンモニウムヘクトライト 0.7
デキストリン脂肪酸処理酸化亜鉛(平均粒径60nm) 10.0
B成分
1,3−ブタンジオール 5.0
化合物8 1.0
精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
A成分をホモミキサーで攪拌しながら、B成分を徐々に添加することによって乳化し、W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤を得た。得られたW/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0087】
配合例8 O/W乳化型サンスクリーン剤
(1)ベヘニン酸 0.7 重量%
(2)イソステアリン酸 0.7
(3)セタノール 1.0
(4)流動パラフィン 6.0
(5)ジメチルポリシロキサン 2.0
(6)グリセリルモノステアレート 2.0
(7)パラメトシキケイ皮酸オクチル 3.0
(8)ポリエチレングリコール1500 5.0
(9)ジプロピレングリコール 5.0
(10)二酸化チタン粉末 2.0
(11)水酸化カリウム 0.1
(12)カルボキシビニルポリマー 1.0
(13)ヘキサメタリン酸ソーダ 0.05
(14)化合物11 2.0
(15)香料 適 量
(16)防腐剤 適 量
(17)精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
(1)〜(7)、(15)をそれぞれ混合し80℃に加熱溶解して油相部とする。(8)〜(14)、(16)〜(17)を70〜75℃にて加熱、分散させ水相部とする。油相部を水相部に徐々に添加し、ホモミキサーを用いて乳化する。
乳化物を熱交換機を用いて30℃まで冷却し、O/W乳化型サンスクリーン剤を得た。得られたO/W乳化型サンスクリーン剤はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0088】
配合例9 日焼け止めオイル
(1)パラメトキシケイ皮酸オクチル 3.0 重量%
(2)化合物3 1.5
(3)疎水化処理二酸化チタン 2.0
(4)疎水化処理酸化亜鉛 1.0
(5)流動パラフィン 51.0
(6)セチルオクタノエート 40.0
(7)酸化防止剤 適 量
(8)香料 適 量
(製法及び評価)
(1)〜(8)の各成分を加熱攪拌したのち冷却し、日焼け止めサンスクリーンオイルを得た。得られた日焼け止めサンスクリーンオイルはなめらかさに優れ、
べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0089】
配合例10 W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤
(1)エチルセルロース 0.5 重量%
(2)エチルアルコール 4.0
(3)化合物2 2.0
(4)パラメトキシケイ皮酸オクチル 5.0
(5)コハク酸ジ2−エチルヘキシルアルコール 22.0
(6)疎水化処理微粒子二酸化チタン(平均粒径30nm) 6.0
(7)カルボキシメチルセルロース 1.0
(8)香料 適 量
(9)防腐剤 適 量
(10)精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
(1)に(2)〜(3)を加え十分に膨潤させたのち、(4)〜(6)を加え加熱混合し十分に分散及び溶解した。この分散液を70℃に保ち、(7)、(8)〜(10)を混合した溶液を徐々に加えながらホモミキサーで乳化し、W/O乳化型サンスクリーン剤を得た。得られたW/O乳化型サンスクリーンはなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0090】
配合例11 ローションマスク
A.アルコール相
エチルアルコール 10.0 質量%
PPG−13 デシルテトラデセス−24 0.3
乳酸メンチル 0.004
防腐剤 適 量
香料 適 量
B.水相
グリセリン 2.0
化合物9 3.0
ジプロピレングリコール 4.0
トレハロース 2.0
苛性カリ 適 量
精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
Aのアルコール相を、Bの水相に添加し、化粧水を得た。さらにこれを不織布などに含浸させてローションマスクを得た。得られたローションマスクはなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0091】
配合例12 乳液
A.油相
スクワラン 7.0 質量%
オレイルオレート 2.0
ワセリン 1.0
ソルビタンセスキオレイン酸エステル 0.8
POE(20)オレイルエーテル 1.2
香料 適 量
防腐剤 適 量
B.水相
化合物14 3.0
1,3−ブチレングリコール 1.0
エタノール 4.0
カルボキシビニルポリマー 0.2
水酸化カリウム 0.1
エデト酸塩 0.05
精製水 残 余
(製法及び評価)
配合例1に準じて乳液を得た。得られた乳液はなめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が認められた。
【0092】
【発明の効果】
本発明の皮膚外用剤は、アルキレンオキシド誘導体を配合することにより、使用感触、特になめらかさに優れ、べたつき感がなく、且つ保湿効果・肌荒れ改善効果を有するものである。また、他の保湿剤を併用すると、アルキレンオキシド誘導体がその保湿剤の角質浸透性を促進し、保湿効果、肌荒れ改善効果が著しく向上する。さらに、美白剤など対しても経皮吸収を促進する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体の、グリセリンに対する経皮吸収促進効果を示す図である。
【図2】本発明のアルキレンオキシド誘導体の、キシリトールに対する経皮吸収促進効果を示す図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a skin external preparation, particularly to a skin external preparation containing an alkylene oxide derivative as an active ingredient.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Moisture retention is indispensable for maintaining healthy skin, and many skin external preparations for moisturizing have been developed. In addition, as the feeling of use of the external preparation for skin, there is a demand for a feeling of smoothness and non-stickiness.
Research on humectants is actively conducted, and glycerin is used as a humectant used for various purposes such as lotion and emulsion. This glycerin has an effect of improving skin roughness in addition to a moisturizing effect.
However, glycerin has to be added in an increased amount in order to increase the moisturizing effect and the effect of improving skin roughness, and as a result, the system becomes unstable, the usability deteriorates, and when applied to the skin, There were problems to be solved, such as being repelled by sebum and poor adaptation to the skin.
[0003]
As humectants other than glycerin, polyols such as 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sorbitol, and xylitol are known.
However, compared to glycerin, these polyols have less use feeling, for example, a less sticky feeling, but have a low moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect, and like glycerin, when applied to the skin, they are repelled by sebum and adapt to the skin. There were problems to be solved such as getting worse.
[0004]
On the other hand, a (poly) ethylene glycol dialkyl ether having a good feeling in use and a skin care effect has been reported (see Patent Document 1). However, this (poly) ethylene glycol dialkyl ether is an oily base, and although it can exert the effect of forming a hydrophobic film as an oil component, such as barrier function and suppression of transcutaneous water loss, it has low water solubility and is itself a humectant. Did not have the function as
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-259112
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a skin external preparation that achieves both a moisturizing effect, a skin roughness improving effect, and a feeling of use.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, when a specific alkylene oxide derivative is blended in an external preparation for skin, it has excellent use feeling, particularly excellent smoothness, no sticky feeling, and has a moisturizing effect and improved skin roughness. It has been found that a skin external preparation having an effect can be obtained. Further, when an alkylene oxide derivative is used in combination with a humectant such as glycerin, the percutaneous absorption of the humectant is promoted, and the moisturizing effect and the skin roughness improving effect are remarkably improved synergistically, and the stickiness due to the humectant is also improved. I found that. Furthermore, it has been found that the alkylene oxide derivative exerts a transdermal absorption promoting action on a whitening agent such as arbutin, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the skin external preparation according to the present invention is characterized by containing an alkylene oxide derivative represented by the following general formula (I).
[0008]
Embedded image
R1O-[(AO)m(EO)n] -R2(I)
(Where AO is an oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, EO is an oxyethylene group, m and n are average addition mole numbers of the oxyalkylene group and oxyethylene group, respectively, and 1 ≦ m ≦ 70, 1 ≦ n ≦ 70 The ratio of the oxyethylene group to the total of the oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms and the oxyethylene group is 20 to 80% by weight. May be added in a block shape or in a random shape.1, R2Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom which may be the same or different, and R1And R2Has a ratio of the number of hydrogen atoms to the number of hydrocarbon groups of 0.15 or less. )
In the present invention, it is preferable that the oxyalkylene group and the oxyethylene group are randomly added.
[0009]
In the external preparation of the present invention, the alkylene oxide derivative (I) is preferably added in an amount of 0.01 to 70% by weight.
Further, the humectant according to the present invention contains the alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient.
In addition, the skin roughness improving agent according to the present invention contains an alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient.
Further, the tackiness improving agent according to the present invention comprises an alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient.
Further, the percutaneous absorption enhancer according to the present invention contains the alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient.
Further, the external preparation for skin of the present invention contains an alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) and a hydrophilic drug, and the alkylene oxide derivative is a transdermal absorption enhancer of the hydrophilic drug. I do.
Preferably, the hydrophilic agent is a humectant, and more preferably, the humectant is glycerin or xylitol.
Further, it is preferable that the hydrophilic drug is at least one selected from hydroquinone derivatives and ascorbic acid derivatives.
Further, the transdermal absorption control agent according to the present invention contains the alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the alkylene oxide derivative represented by the general formula (I) characteristic of the present invention, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, specifically, an oxypropylene group, an oxybutylene group, an oxyisobutylene group, Examples thereof include an oxytrimethylene group and an oxytetramethylene group. Preferably, an oxypropylene group and an oxybutylene group are used.
m is the average number of moles of the oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and 1 ≦ m ≦ 70, preferably 2 ≦ m ≦ 20. n is the average number of moles of oxyethylene groups added, and 1 ≦ n ≦ 70, preferably 2 ≦ n ≦ 20. When the number of oxyalkylene or oxyethylene groups having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is 0, the moist feeling is lowered, and when it exceeds 70, a sticky feeling appears and a smooth feeling cannot be sufficiently obtained. In addition, as (m + n), it is preferably 8 to 100. If (m + n) is too large, it may be sticky.
Further, the ratio of the oxyethylene group to the total of the oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms and the oxyethylene group is preferably 20 to 80% by weight. When the proportion of the oxyethylene group is less than 20% by weight, the feeling tends to be inferior, and when it exceeds 80% by weight, the smooth feeling tends to be inferior.
[0011]
The order of adding ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide having 3 to 4 carbon atoms is not particularly specified. Further, the oxyethylene group and the oxyalkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms may be added in block form or in random form. The block shape includes not only two-stage blocks but also three or more-stage blocks. Preferably, those added at random are mentioned.
R1And R2Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and examples of the hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group. Is mentioned. Preferred are a methyl group and an ethyl group. With a hydrocarbon group having 5 or more carbon atoms, the hydrophilicity decreases and the moist feeling decreases. R1, R2May be the same or different.
R1And R2May be used alone, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a hydrogen atom may be mixed, or a different hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms may be mixed. Where R1And R2Among the hydrocarbon groups, the ratio Y / X of the number of hydrogen atoms (Y) to the number of hydrocarbon groups (X) is 0.15 or less, preferably 0.06. It is as follows. When the ratio of Y / X exceeds 0.15, a sticky feeling appears.
[0012]
The alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention can be produced by a known method. For example, it can be obtained by addition-polymerizing ethylene oxide and an alkylene oxide having 3 to 4 carbon atoms to a compound having a hydroxyl group, and then subjecting the alkyl halide to an ether reaction in the presence of an alkali catalyst.
The amount of the alkylene oxide derivative to be added to the external preparation for skin of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.01 to 70% by weight, preferably about 0.5 to 40% by weight. If the amount is less than 0.01% by weight, the effect of the compound may not be sufficiently exhibited, and if it exceeds 70% by weight, stickiness may be felt after use.
[0013]
The alkylene oxide derivative according to the present invention exhibits a moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect when incorporated into a skin external preparation. When another humectant such as glycerin is further added, the effect of suppressing the stickiness is recognized. Examples of humectants that can coexist include, for example, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol, xylitol, sorbitol, maltitol, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, mucoitin sulfate, caronic acid, atelocollagen, cholesteryl-12. Examples include hydroxystearate, sodium lactate, bile salts, dl-pyrrolidone carboxylate, short-chain soluble collagen, adducts of diglycerin (EO) PO, extract of radish rose, extract of Achillea millefolium, extract of melilot and the like.
The alkylene oxide derivative (I) according to the present invention also has an action of promoting keratin permeability of other humectants. Therefore, when an alkylene oxide derivative (I) and another moisturizing agent are used in combination in a skin external preparation, it is possible to obtain an extremely high moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect due to the synergistic effect. Such humectants include those described above, but glycerin and xylitol are particularly preferred.
The amount of the humectant is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 20.00% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10.0% by weight, based on the total amount of the external preparation for skin.
In addition, the alkylene oxide derivative (I) according to the present invention has an action of promoting keratin permeability to a hydrophilic agent other than the humectant, for example, a whitening agent such as arbutin.
[0014]
The skin external preparation of the present invention is prepared by blending the above essential components with an existing skin external preparation base. The skin external preparation of the present invention may contain, in addition to the above-mentioned essential components, other components usually used in skin external preparations such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, such as powder components, liquid fats and oils, solid fats and oils, waxes, hydrocarbons and higher fatty acids. , Higher alcohols, esters, silicones, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, water-soluble polymers, thickeners, coating agents, ultraviolet absorbers, sequestering agents, Lower alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, sugars, amino acids, organic amines, polymer emulsions, pH adjusters, skin nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants, antioxidants, fragrances, water, etc. It can be produced by a conventional method according to the desired dosage form. Specific compoundable components are listed below. The external preparation for skin of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the above essential components and any one or more of the following components.
[0015]
Examples of the powder component include inorganic powders (for example, talc, kaolin, mica, sericite (sericite), muscovite, phlogopite, synthetic mica, biotite, biotite, permiculite, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, silicate) Aluminum, barium silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, strontium silicate, metal tungstate, magnesium, silica, zeolite, barium sulfate, calcined calcium sulfate (calculated gypsum), calcium phosphate, fluorine apatite, hydroxyapatite, ceramic powder , Metal soaps (eg, zinc myristate, calcium palmitate, aluminum stearate), boron nitride, etc.); organic powders (eg, polyamide resin powder (nylon powder), polyethylene powder, polymethyl methacrylate powder, Styrene powder, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer resin powder, benzoguanamine resin powder, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, cellulose powder, etc.); inorganic white pigments (eg, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, etc.); inorganic red pigments (eg, Inorganic oxide pigments (eg, γ-iron oxide); inorganic yellow pigments (eg, yellow iron oxide, loess); inorganic black pigments (eg, black) Inorganic violet pigments (for example, mango violet, cobalt violet, etc.); inorganic green pigments (for example, chromium oxide, chromium hydroxide, cobalt titanate, etc.); inorganic blue pigments ( Pearl pigments (for example, titanium oxide coated mica, titanium oxide coated bismuth oxychloride, titanium oxide coated tar) Metal powder pigments (eg, aluminum powder, copper powder, etc.); organic pigments such as zirconium, barium or aluminum lake (eg, Red 201, Red 202) No. 204, Red No. 205, Red No. 220, Red No. 226, Red No. 228, Red No. 405, Orange No. 203, Orange No. 204, Yellow No. 205, Yellow No. 401, and Blue No. 404. Red No. 3, Red No. 104, Red No. 106, Red No. 227, Red No. 230, Red No. 401, Red No. 505, Orange No. 205, Yellow No. 4, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 202, Yellow No. 203, Green No. 3 and Blue No. 1); natural pigments (eg, chlorophyll, β-carotene, etc.).
[0016]
Examples of liquid fats and oils include avocado oil, camellia oil, turtle oil, macadamia nut oil, corn oil, mink oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, egg yolk oil, sesame oil, persic oil, wheat germ oil, southern oil, castor oil, linseed oil , Safflower oil, cottonseed oil, eno oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, teaseed oil, kaya oil, rice bran oil, sinagiri oil, Japanese kiri oil, jojoba oil, germ oil, triglycerin and the like.
[0017]
Examples of solid oils and fats include cocoa butter, coconut oil, horse fat, hardened coconut oil, palm oil, tallow, sheep butter, hardened tallow, palm kernel oil, lard, beef bone oil, mokuro kernel oil, hardened oil, cow Examples include leg fat, mokuro, and hardened castor oil.
[0018]
As waxes, for example, beeswax, candelilla wax, cotton wax, carnauba wax, bayberry wax, ibota wax, whale wax, montan wax, nuka wax, lanolin, kapok wax, lanolin acetate, liquid lanolin, sugar cane wax, lanolin fatty acid isopropyl, hexyl laurate, reduced lanolin , Jojoba wax, hard lanolin, shellac wax, POE lanolin alcohol ether, POE lanolin alcohol acetate, POE cholesterol ether, lanolin fatty acid polyethylene glycol, POE hydrogenated lanolin alcohol ether, and the like.
[0019]
Examples of the hydrocarbon oil include liquid paraffin, ozokerite, squalane, pristane, paraffin, ceresin, squalene, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax and the like.
As higher fatty acids, for example, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, undecylenic acid, tolic acid, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) and the like.
[0020]
Examples of the higher alcohol include straight-chain alcohols (eg, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, and the like); and branched-chain alcohols (eg, monostearyl glycerin ether (bacyl alcohol)). ), 2-decyltetradecinol, lanolin alcohol, cholesterol, phytosterol, hexyldecanol, isostearyl alcohol, octyldodecanol, etc.).
[0021]
Synthetic ester oils include isopropyl myristate, cetyl octoate, octyl dodecyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexyl laurate, myristyl myristate, decyl oleate, hexyl decyl dimethyloctanoate, cetyl lactate, myristyl lactate Lanolin acetate, isocetyl stearate, isocetyl isostearate, cholesteryl 12-hydroxystearate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, fatty acid ester of dipentaerythritol, N-alkyl glycol monoisostearate, neopentyl glycol dicaprate, apple Diisostearyl acid, glycerin di-2-heptylundecanoate, trimethylolpropane tri-2-ethylhexanoate, triisos Trimethylolpropane acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra-2-ethylhexanoate, glycerin tri-2-ethylhexanoate, glycerin trioctanoate, glycerin triisopalmitate, trimethylolpropane triisostearate, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, glyceryl trimyristate, glyceride tri-2-heptylundecanoate, castor oil fatty acid methyl ester, oleyl oleate, acetoglyceride, 2-heptylundecyl palmitate, diisobutyl adipate, N-lauroyl-L -Glutamic acid-2-octyldodecyl ester, di-2-heptylundecyl adipate, ethyl laurate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate, 2-hexyl myristate Decyl, palmitic acid 2-hexyl decyl, 2-hexyldecyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, 2-ethylhexyl succinate, and triethyl citrate.
[0022]
Examples of the silicone oil include linear polysiloxanes (eg, dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, diphenylpolysiloxane, etc.); cyclic polysiloxanes (eg, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexene). Silicone resins, silicone rubbers, and various modified polysiloxanes (such as amino-modified polysiloxane, polyether-modified polysiloxane, alkyl-modified polysiloxane, and fluorine-modified polysiloxane) that form a three-dimensional network structure. Can be
[0023]
Examples of the anionic surfactant include fatty acid soaps (eg, sodium laurate, sodium palmitate, etc.); higher alkyl sulfates (eg, sodium lauryl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, etc.); alkyl ether sulfates (eg, POE-triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, POE-sodium lauryl sulfate, etc.); N-acyl sarcosine acid (eg, sodium lauroyl sarcosine); higher fatty acid amide sulfonate (eg, sodium N-myristoyl-N-methyltaurine, coconut) Oil fatty acid sodium methyl tauride, sodium lauryl methyl tauride, etc.); phosphoric acid ester salts (POE-sodium oleyl ether phosphate, POE-stearyl ether phosphoric acid, etc.); sulfosuccinates (eg For example, sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate, sodium monolauroylmonoethanolamide polyoxyethylene sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl polypropylene glycol sulfosuccinate, etc .; alkylbenzene sulfonates (eg, sodium linear dodecylbenzenesulfonate, linear dodecylbenzenesulfone) Acid triethanolamine, linear dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, etc.); higher fatty acid ester sulfate (eg, hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acid sodium glycerin sulfate); N-acylglutamate (eg, monosodium N-lauroylglutamate, N-stearoyl) Disodium glutamate, monosodium N-myristoyl-L-glutamate); sulfated oil (eg, funnel oil); POE Alkyl ether carboxylic acid; POE-alkyl allyl ether carboxylate; α-olefin sulfonate; higher fatty acid ester sulfonate; secondary alcohol sulfate; higher fatty acid alkylolamide sulfate; lauroyl monoethanolamide succinate Sodium; N-palmitoyl aspartic acid ditriethanolamine; sodium caseinate;
[0024]
Examples of the cationic surfactant include alkyltrimethylammonium salts (eg, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride); alkylpyridinium salts (eg, cetylpyridinium chloride); distearyldimethylammonium dialkyldimethylammonium salt; Poly (N, N'-dimethyl-3,5-methylenepiperidinium chloride); alkyl quaternary ammonium salt; alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt; alkylisoquinolinium salt; dialkylmorphonium salt; POE-alkylamine; Alkylamine salts; polyamine fatty acid derivatives; amyl alcohol fatty acid derivatives; benzalkonium chloride; benzethonium chloride and the like.
[0025]
Examples of the amphoteric surfactant include imidazoline-based amphoteric surfactants (eg, 2-undecyl-N, N, N- (hydroxyethylcarboxymethyl) -2-imidazoline sodium, 2-cocoyl-2-imidazolinium hydroxy). Betaine-based surfactants (eg, 2-heptadecyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, lauryl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, alkyl betaine, amido betaine) , Sulfobetaine, etc.).
[0026]
Examples of the lipophilic nonionic surfactant include sorbitan fatty acid esters (for example, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monoisostearate, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan sesquioleate, Sorbitan trioleate, diglycerol penta-2-ethylhexylate sorbitan, diglycerol sorbitan tetra-2-ethylhexylate and the like; glycerin polyglycerin fatty acids (for example, mono-cottonseed oil fatty acid glycerin, glycerin monoerucate, glycerin sesquioleate, monostearin) Glycerin acid, α, α′-glycerol pyroglutamate oleate, glyceryl monostearate malic acid, etc.); propylene glycol fatty acid esters (for example, Propylene glycol monostearate, etc.); hydrogenated castor oil derivatives; glycerin alkyl ethers and the like.
[0027]
Examples of the hydrophilic nonionic surfactant include POE-sorbitan fatty acid esters (eg, POE-sorbitan monooleate, POE-sorbitan monostearate, POE-sorbitan monooleate, POE-sorbitan monooleate, etc.). POE sorbit fatty acid esters (eg, POE-sorbit monolaurate, POE-sorbit monooleate, POE-sorbit pentaoleate, POE-sorbit monostearate, etc.); POE-glycerin fatty acid esters (eg, POE- POE-monooleate such as glycerin monostearate, POE-glycerin monoisostearate, POE-glycerin triisostearate, etc.); POE-fatty acid esters (for example, POE-distearate, P E-monodioleate, ethylene glycol distearate, etc.); POE-alkyl ethers (for example, POE-lauryl ether, POE-oleyl ether, POE-stearyl ether, POE-behenyl ether, POE-2-octyldodecyl ether, POE-colle) Pluronic type (for example, Pluronic etc.); POE.POP-alkyl ethers (for example, POE.POP-cetyl ether, POE.POP-2-decyltetradecyl ether, POE.POP-monobutyl ether). POE.POP-hydrogenated lanolin, POE.POP-glycerin ether, etc.); Tetra@POE.tetra-POP-ethylenediamine condensates (for example, tetronic); POE-castor oil-hardened castor oil derivative (E.g. POE-castor oil, POE-hardened castor oil, POE-hardened castor oil monoisostearate, POE-hardened castor oil triisostearate, POE-hardened castor oil monopyroglutamate monoisostearate diester, POE-hardened Caste oil, maleic acid, etc.); POE-beeswax lanolin derivative (eg, POE-sorbit beeswax, etc.); alkanolamide (eg, coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, lauric acid monoethanolamide, fatty acid isopropanolamide, etc.); POE-propylene glycol Fatty acid esters; POE-alkylamines; POE-fatty acid amides; sucrose fatty acid esters; alkylethoxydimethylamine oxide;
[0028]
Examples of natural water-soluble polymers include, for example, plant polymers (eg, gum arabic, tragacanth gum, galactan, guar gum, carob gum, karaya gum, carrageenan, pectin, agar, quince seed (quince), alge colloid (cassow extract), starch (Rice, corn, potato, wheat), glycyrrhizic acid); microbial macromolecules (eg, xanthan gum, dextran, succinoglucan, burlan, etc.); animal macromolecules (eg, collagen, casein, albumin, gelatin, etc.), etc. Is mentioned.
[0029]
Semi-synthetic water-soluble polymers include, for example, starch-based polymers (eg, carboxymethyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch, etc.); cellulose-based polymers (methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, cellulose sodium sulfate) , Hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, crystalline cellulose, cellulose powder, etc.); and alginic acid-based polymers (eg, sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate, etc.).
[0030]
Examples of the synthetic water-soluble polymer include a vinyl polymer (eg, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymer, etc.); and a polyoxyethylene polymer (eg, polyethylene glycol 20,000, 40). 000, 60,000 polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymers); acrylic polymers (eg, sodium polyacrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyacrylamide, etc.); polyethylene imines; cationic polymers.
[0031]
Examples of the thickener include gum arabic, carrageenan, karaya gum, tragacanth gum, carob gum, quince seed (quince), casein, dextrin, gelatin, sodium pectate, sodium alginate, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, CMC, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl Cellulose, PVA, PVM, PVP, sodium polyacrylate, carboxyvinyl polymer, locust bean gum, guar gum, tamarint gum, dialkyldimethylammonium cellulose sulfate, xanthan gum, aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite, hectorite, A1Mg silicate (Vegum), Laponite, silicic anhydride and the like.
[0032]
Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzoic acid-based ultraviolet absorbers (for example, para-aminobenzoic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as PABA), PABA monoglycerin ester, N, N-dipropoxy PABA ethyl ester, N, N-diethoxy PABA ethyl ester , N, N-dimethyl PABA ethyl ester, N, N-dimethyl PABA butyl ester, N, N-dimethyl PABA ethyl ester, etc.); anthranilic acid type ultraviolet absorbers (eg, homomenthyl-N-diacetylanthranilate, etc.); Salicylic acid-based ultraviolet absorbers (eg, amyl salicylate, menthyl salicylate, homomenthyl salicylate, octyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, p-isopropanol phenyl salicylate, etc.); cinnamic acid-based ultraviolet absorbers Agents (for example, octylcinnamate, ethyl-4-isopropylcinnamate, methyl-2,5-diisopropylcinnamate, ethyl-2,4-diisopropylcinnamate, methyl-2,4-diisopropylcinnamate, propyl-p- Methoxycinnamate, isopropyl-p-methoxycinnamate, isoamyl-p-methoxycinnamate, octyl-p-methoxycinnamate (2-ethylhexyl-p-methoxycinnamate) シ ン, 2-ethoxyethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, Cyclohexyl-p-methoxycinnamate, ethyl-α-cyano-β-phenylcinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl-α-cyano-β-phenylcinnamate, glyceryl mono-2-ethylhexanoyl-diparamethoxycinnamate, etc.) ; Benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers (for example, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2 ′-{dihydroxy-4-} methoxybenzophenone, 2,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2,2 ′, 4,4 '-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- {methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- {methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- {methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, -Ethylhexyl-4'-phenyl-benzophenone-2-carboxylate, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone, 4-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzophenone, etc.); 3- (4'-methylbenzylidene) -d, l-camphor 3-benzylidene-d, l-camphor; 2-phenyl-5-methylbenzoxazole; 2,2'-hydroxy-5-methylphenylbenzotriazole; 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-t-octylphenyl ) Benzotriazole; 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenylbenzotriazole; dibenzalazine; dianisoylmethane; 4-methoxy-4′-t-butyldibenzoylmethane; 5- (3,3-dimethyl-2) -Norbornylidene) -3-pentan-2-one and the like.
[0033]
Examples of the sequestering agent include 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid tetrasodium salt, edetate disodium, edetate trisodium, edetate tetrasodium , Sodium citrate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, gluconic acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, succinic acid, edetic acid, trisodium ethylenediaminehydroxyethyl triacetate and the like.
[0034]
Examples of the lower alcohol include ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, isobutyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol and the like.
[0035]
Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include dihydric alcohols (for example, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, Pentamethylene glycol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, hexylene glycol, octylene glycol, etc.); trihydric alcohols (eg, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, etc.); tetrahydric alcohols (eg, 1,2,6) Pentahydric alcohols (eg, xylitol); hexahydric alcohols (eg, sorbitol, mannitol); polyhydric alcohol polymers (eg, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, Tylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, diglycerin, polyethylene glycol, triglycerin, tetraglycerin, polyglycerin, etc.); dihydric alcohol alkyl ethers (eg, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol) Monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol mono 2-methylhexyl ether, ethylene glycol isoamyl ether, ethylene glycol benzyl ether, ethylene glycol isopropyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, ethylene glycol Dibutyl ether Dihydric alcohol alkyl ethers (for example, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol) Monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol isopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether, dipropylene glycol Dihydric alcohol ether esters (for example, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol diazibate, ethylene glycol disuccinate) Glycerol monoalkyl ether (eg, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monopropyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monophenyl ether acetate, etc.), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and the like. Sugar alcohols (eg, sorbitol, maltitol, maltotriose, mannitol, sucrose, erythritol, glucose, fructose, starch-degrading sugar, maltose, xylitolose, starch-degrading sugar) Glysolid; tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; POE-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; POP-butyl ether; POP POE-butyl ether; tripolyoxypropylene glycerin ether; POP-glycerin ether; POP-glycerin ether phosphate; POP / POE-pentaneerythritol ether, polyglycerin and the like.
[0036]
Monosaccharides include, for example, tricarbonates (eg, D-glyceryl aldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, etc.); tetracarbon sugars (eg, D-erythrose, D-erythrulose, D-threose, erythritol, etc.); , L-arabinose, D-xylose, L-lyxose, D-arabinose, D-ribose, D-ribulose, D-xylulose, L-xylulose, etc.); -Bucose, D-galactose, D-fructose, L-galactose, L-mannose, D-tagatose, etc.); heptose (for example, aldheptose, heptrose, etc.); octantose (for example, octulose etc.); deoxysugar ( For example, 2-deoxy-D-ribose, 6-deoxy-L-galactose, 6-deoxy-L Amino sugars (eg, D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine, sialic acid, aminouronic acid, muramic acid, etc.); uronic acids (eg, D-glucuronic acid, D-mannuronic acid, L-guluronic acid, D- Galacturonic acid, L-iduronic acid, etc.).
[0037]
Oligosaccharides include, for example, sucrose, guntianose, umbelliferose, lactose, planteose, isorikunoses, α, α-trehalose, raffinose, ricknoses, umbilicin, stachyose verbascose and the like.
[0038]
Examples of polysaccharides include cellulose, quince seed, chondroitin sulfate, starch, galactan, dermatan sulfate, glycogen, gum arabic, heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, tragacanth gum, keratan sulfate, chondroitin, xanthan gum, mucoitin sulfate, guar gum, dextran, kerato sulfate Locust bean gum, succinoglucan, caronic acid and the like.
[0039]
Examples of amino acids include neutral amino acids (eg, threonine, cysteine, etc.); basic amino acids (eg, hydroxylysine, etc.). Examples of the amino acid derivative include acyl sarcosine sodium (sodium lauroyl sarcosine), acyl glutamate, sodium acyl β-alanine, glutathione, and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid.
[0040]
Examples of the organic amine include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, morpholine, triisopropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, and the like. Is mentioned.
Examples of the polymer emulsion include an acrylic resin emulsion, a polyethyl acrylate emulsion, an acrylic resin solution, a polyacryl alkyl ester emulsion, a polyvinyl acetate resin emulsion, and a natural rubber latex.
[0041]
Examples of the pH adjusting agent include buffers such as lactic acid-sodium lactate, citric acid-sodium citrate, and succinic acid-sodium succinate.
Examples of the vitamins include vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C, E and derivatives thereof, pantothenic acid and derivatives thereof, and biotin.
Examples of the antioxidant include tocopherols, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, and gallic acid esters.
[0042]
Examples of the antioxidant aid include phosphoric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, kephalin, hexametaphosphate, phytic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and the like.
[0043]
Other compoundable ingredients include, for example, preservatives (eg, ethyl paraben, butyl paraben); anti-inflammatory agents (eg, glycyrrhizic acid derivatives, glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives, hinokitiol, zinc oxide, allantoin); whitening agents (eg, , Placenta extract, saxifrage extract, arbutin, etc.); various extracts (for example, oak, oak, sicon, peonies, assembly, birch, sage, loquat, carrot, aloe, mallow, iris, grape, yoquinin, loofah, lily , Saffron, senkyu, ginger, hypericum, ononis, garlic, capsicum, chimpanzee, touki, seaweed, etc., activators (eg, royal jelly, photosensitizer, cholesterol derivatives, etc.); blood circulation promoters (eg, nonylate warenylamide, nicotine) Acid Jill ester, nicotinic acid β-butoxyethyl ester, capsaicin, gingerone, cantaristin tincture, ittamol, tannic acid, α-borneol, tocopherol nicotinate, inositol hexanicotinate, cyclandate, cinnarizine, trazoline, acetylcholine, verapamil, cepharanthin , Γ-oryzanol, etc.); antiseborrheic agents (eg, sulfur, thiantol, etc.); anti-inflammatory agents (eg, tranexamic acid, thiotaurine, hypotaurine, etc.).
[0044]
The dosage form of the external preparation for skin of the present invention is arbitrary, and may be a solution system, a solubilizing system, an emulsifying system, a powder dispersion system, a water-oil two-layer system, a water-oil-powder three-layer system, a gel, a mist, a spray, Any dosage form such as mousse, roll-on, stick, etc. may be used. A preparation impregnated or coated on a sheet of nonwoven fabric or the like is also possible. The product form of the external preparation for skin of the present invention is also arbitrary, and facial cosmetics such as lotion, emulsion, cream, pack, etc .; makeup cosmetics such as foundation, lipstick, eye shadow, etc .; sunscreen cosmetics (sunscreen agent) ); Body cosmetics; Aromatic cosmetics; Skin cleansing agents such as make-up removers, body shampoos; Hair cosmetics such as hair liquids, hair tonics, hair conditioners, shampoos, rinses, and hair restorers;
[0045]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.
Prior to the description of embodiments of the present invention, an evaluation method will be described below.
"Testing method by conductance measurement"
The skin conductance was measured before and 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes after application using the forearm portions of 10 panels, and the moisturizing effect was evaluated from this change rate. The rate of change in skin conductance is determined by the following equation (II), and it is possible to examine the effect on the water absorption and water retention of the stratum corneum. It can be evaluated that the moisturizing effect is high.
Formula (II)
Conductance change rate = (Conductance before application) / (Conductance after application)
[0046]
The evaluation criteria of the “test by conductance measurement” are as follows.
◎ ... Average conductance change rate of 10 panelists: 0 or more and less than 0.1
…: Average conductance change rate of 10 panelists: 0.1 or more and less than 0.2
Δ: average conductance change rate of 10 panelists: 0.2 or more and less than 0.5
×: Average of the conductance change rate of 10 panelists: 0.5 or more
[0047]
"Evaluation (1): Skin smoothness"
An actual use test was performed by 10 expert panelists on the smoothness of the skin during and after use. The evaluation criteria are as follows.
A: Eight or more specialized panelists recognized that the skin was smooth during and after use.
…: Six or more and less than eight specialized panelists recognized that the skin was smooth during and after use.
Δ: Three or more and less than six professional panelists recognized that the skin was smooth during and after use.
×: Less than 3 professional panelists recognized that the skin was smooth during and after use.
[0048]
"Evaluation (2): Non-stickiness to skin"
An actual use test was conducted by ten specialized panelists on non-stickiness to the skin during and after use. The evaluation criteria are as follows.
A: Eight or more professional panelists recognized that there was no stickiness to the skin during and after use.
…: 6 or more and less than 8 specialized panelists recognized that there was no stickiness to the skin during and after use.
Δ: Three or more and less than six professional panelists recognized that there was no stickiness to the skin during and after use.
×: Less than 3 professional panelists recognized that there was no stickiness to the skin during and after use.
[0049]
"Evaluation (3): Feeling of moisturizing effect"
An actual use test was carried out by 10 specialized panelists for the presence or absence of a
A: Eight or more specialized panelists recognized that there was a feeling of moisturizing effect.
…: 6 or more and less than 8 specialized panelists recognized that there was a feeling of moisturizing effect.
B: Three or more and less than six professional panelists recognized that there was a feeling of moisturizing effect.
×: Less than three professional panelists recognized that there was a feeling of moisturizing effect.
[0050]
"Evaluation (4): Skin roughness improvement effect test"
A skin roughness improvement effect test was conducted by 10 panels with rough skin on the face (part: cheek). In the test method, different lotions were applied to the left and right cheeks for one week, and the judgment was made the next day after the end of the period. The evaluation criteria are as follows.
A: Eight or more panelists recognized that the rough skin was improved.
…: 6 or more and less than 8 panelists recognized that the skin roughness was improved.
Δ: 3 or more and less than 6 panelists recognized that the skin roughness was improved.
X: Less than 3 panelists recognized that the rough skin was improved.
[0051]
"Evaluation (5): Skin irritation test"
A 24-hour occlusion patch was applied to the upper inner arm of 10 panels, and then the average value was calculated according to the following criteria.
0: No abnormality is recognized at all.
1: Slight redness is recognized.
2: Redness is observed.
3: Redness and papules are observed.
The evaluation criteria for the “skin irritation test” are as follows.
…: Average value of 10 panelists: 0 or more and less than 0.1
…: Average value of 10 panelists: 0.1 or more and less than 0.15
Δ: Average value of 10 panelists: 0.15 or more and less than 0.2
×: Average value of 10 panelists: 0.2 or more
First, the present inventors evaluated the conductance of each 10% aqueous solution of various humectants according to the above criteria.
[0052]
[Table 1]
As a result, it was revealed that the EO / PO derivative having a hydrocarbon group bonded to both ends is superior in moisturizing property as compared with a general moisturizing agent such as 1,3-butylene glycol or glycerin.
Thus, the present inventors have studied alkylene oxide derivatives. Each alkylene oxide derivative used in the test was produced according to the following Synthesis Examples 1 and 2. In the present invention, EO represents an oxyethylene group, PO represents an oxypropylene group, and [(EO) / (PO)] represents a random bond.
[0053]
Synthesis Example 1 Synthesis example of random polymer
Polyoxyethylene (10 mol) polyoxypropylene (10 mol) dimethyl ether
Embedded image
CH3O [(EO)10/ (PO)10] CH3
[0054]
76 g of propylene glycol and 3.1 g of potassium hydroxide as a catalyst were charged into an autoclave, the air in the autoclave was replaced with dry nitrogen, and the catalyst was completely dissolved at 140 ° C. with stirring. Next, a mixture of 440 g of ethylene oxide and 522 g of propylene oxide was dropped by a dropping device, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. Next, after charging 224 g of potassium hydroxide and replacing the inside of the system with dry nitrogen, 188 g of methyl chloride was injected at a temperature of 80 to 130 ° C. and reacted for 5 hours. Thereafter, the reaction composition was taken out of the autoclave, neutralized with hydrochloric acid to pH 6 to 7, and treated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour at a reduced pressure of −0.095 MPa (50 mmHg) to remove contained water. Further, filtration was performed to remove salts generated after the treatment, and an alkylene oxide derivative of Chemical Formula 3 was obtained.
Sampling before reacting with methyl chloride, the sample was purified and had a hydroxyl value of 107, the obtained compound of formula 3 had a hydroxyl value of 0.4, and the ratio of the number of hydrogen atoms to the number of terminal methyl groups was 0.004. The hydrogen atom has been completely converted to a methyl group.
[0055]
Synthesis Example 2 Synthesis of block polymer
Polyoxyethylene (10 mol) polyoxypropylene (10 mol) dimethyl ether
Embedded image
CH3O (EO)5(PO)10(EO)5CH3
[0056]
76 g of propylene glycol and 3.1 g of potassium hydroxide as a catalyst were charged into an autoclave, the air in the autoclave was replaced with dry nitrogen, and the catalyst was completely dissolved at 140 ° C. with stirring. Next, 522 g of propylene oxide was dropped by a dropping device, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. Then, 440 g of ethylene oxide was dropped by a dropping device, followed by stirring for 2 hours. Next, after charging 224 g of potassium hydroxide and replacing the inside of the system with dry nitrogen, 188 g of methyl chloride was injected at a temperature of 80 to 130 ° C. and reacted for 5 hours. Thereafter, the reaction composition was taken out of the autoclave, neutralized with hydrochloric acid to pH 6 to 7, and treated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour at a reduced pressure of −0.095 MPa (50 mmHg) to remove contained water. Further, filtration was performed to remove salts generated after the treatment, and an alkylene oxide derivative represented by
Sampling before reacting with methyl chloride, the sample was purified and had a hydroxyl value of 110, a hydroxyl value of the obtained compound of
[0057]
Various alkylene oxide derivatives were prepared according to each of the above Synthesis Examples, and evaluated as an external preparation for skin using the following basic composition for test.
Basic composition for testing
Ethanol 2% by weight
Glycerin 5
1,3-butylene glycol 5
Nicotinamide 0.3
Sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate 0.5
Purified water residue
[0058]
[R1, R2Decision]
First, the present inventors consider that R1, R2And its suitability as an external preparation for skin were examined. The results are shown in Table 2 below. In addition, the EO and PO parts of all compounds
[(EO)10/ (PO)10]
Is used. The compounding amount of each compound is 5% by weight based on the basic composition.
[0059]
[Table 2]
As is clear from Table 2, R1, R2When both had 1 to 4 carbon atoms (compounds 2, 3, and 4), excellent moisturizing effects and feeling in use were obtained.
[0060]
In contrast, R1, R2Is hydrogen (Compound 1), the stickiness is strong, and R1Was C12 (Compound 6), both of the moisturizing property and the feeling upon use became unfavorable. On the other hand, R1, R2When the sum of the carbon numbers of1Was changed to C6 (compound 5), and the moisturizing feeling also tended to decrease.
From the above, the base according to the present invention includes R1, R2Both must be hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0061]
In actual production, R1, R2Is not necessarily substituted by a hydrocarbon group. Therefore, the allowable existence ratio of the unsubstituted (H) compound was examined. The unsubstituted ratio is represented by the ratio Y / X of the number of hydrogen atoms (Y) to the number of hydrocarbon groups (X). In Table 3, 1: 2 = 5: 95 means that Compound 1 and Compound 2 were mixed at a ratio of 5:95, and the predetermined Y / X was adjusted.
[0062]
[Table 3]
As is clear from Table 3, R1, R2Even if there is an unreacted compound, there is no significant effect if the amount is small (Y / X = 0.053), but when Y / X becomes 0.202, a clear sticky feeling is produced. Further, as a result of detailed studies by the present inventors, it has become clear that Y / X needs to be 0.15 or less.
[0063]
[Oxyalkylene group, oxyethylene group]
Next, the present inventors examined the presence of an oxyalkylene group and an oxyethylene group and their suitability as a skin external preparation (5% by weight based on the above-mentioned basic composition).
The results are shown in Table 4 below. In addition, about compounds 7-11, R1, R2Is CH3Is used.
[0064]
[Table 4]
[0065]
Embedded image
[0066]
As is clear from Table 4, the presence of both the oxyalkylene group and the oxyethylene group is indispensable for the moisturizing property and the usability of the present invention. This is not considered to be the effect of adjusting the hydrophobicity. Further detailed studies by the present inventors have revealed that a suitable ratio of the oxyethylene group to the total of the oxyalkylene group and the oxyethylene group is 20 to 80% by weight.
Furthermore, the present inventors produced block polymers and random polymers with the same number of alkylene groups and oxyethylene groups, and compared them.
[0067]
[Table 5]
As is evident from Table 5, the effects of the present invention can be exerted whether the polymer is a block polymer or a random polymer, but an excellent feeling in use can be obtained particularly in the case of a random polymer.
[Blending amount to skin external preparation]
Next, the present inventors further studied the amount of the alkylene oxide derivative according to the present invention in the external preparation for skin (the above-mentioned basic formulation).
[0068]
[Table 6]
From the results shown in Table 6, the effect of the addition of the compound according to the present invention is recognized from about 0.01% by weight, and particularly remarkable is 0.5% by weight or more. However, when the content is 70% by weight, a slight stickiness starts to be caused. Therefore, the content of up to about 40% by weight is preferable.
[0069]
[Adhesive improvement effect]
Furthermore, the present inventors have found that the alkylene oxide derivative according to the present invention has an effect of improving the tackiness seen in humectants such as glycerin in the course of studying various formulations. That is, in Table 6, stickiness due to glycerin and the like is observed even in the test group where no alkylene oxide derivative is blended. On the other hand, when the alkylene oxide derivative is added, the stickiness caused by other humectants can be improved instead of simply suppressing the deterioration of the stickiness.
[0070]
[Percutaneous absorption promotion effect]
As shown in Table 7 below, the alkylene oxide derivative (I) and glycerin themselves have a moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect, but when used in combination with other moisturizing agents, their moisturizing effects and skin roughness improving effects are synergistic. Is significantly improved.
[Table 7]
[0071]
Therefore, the present inventors have studied the action of the alkylene oxide derivative in more detail. As a result, it was also found that the alkylene oxide derivative according to the present invention has a keratin penetration promoting effect of another humectant such as glycerin. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, when the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention was used in combination (sample 2), the permeation amount of glycerin was increased by about 40% as compared with the case of using glycerin alone (control). The test method of FIG. 1 was as follows.
(1) Test sample
[Table 8]
[0072]
(2) Test method
The test was performed by a tape stripping method. The tape stripping method is a method in which after application of a drug, the horny layer is peeled off with a tape and the drug concentration in the horny layer is determined, and is a method generally used as a means for estimating the amount of drug absorbed into human skin. . Specifically, the operation was performed according to the following procedures (1) to (7), and the glycerin permeability was examined from the amount of glycerin recovered from the stratum corneum peeled off with a tape. In addition, the test was performed by a panel of four persons, and the average value was evaluated.
(1) The inside of both forearms of the panel is soap-washed.
(2) Sample application (20 ml / 20 cm2). In the inner part of the forearm, sample 1 is applied to the right arm near the wrist, and sample 2 is applied to the side near the elbow joint. The left arms are applied so that the samples 1 and 2 are located at positions opposite to the right arms.
(3) Leave for 4 hours.
(4) Washing soap inside the forearm of both arms.
(5) Square layer tape stripping (8 layers).
(6) Glycerin is extracted from the tape with ion-exchanged water.
(7) Glycerin determination (HPLC).
[0073]
Further, the present inventors have similarly studied using xylitol as a humectant instead of glycerin. The test method was the same as the tape stripping method using glycerin, except that (3) the leaving time was set to 6 hours. The samples used were as shown in Table 9 below.
[Table 9]
[0074]
FIG. 2 shows the results. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in all four panels A to D, the case where the alkylene oxide derivative was blended (Sample 4) was more square than the sample 3 (Control) without the alkylene oxide derivative. The amount of xylitol penetrated into the layer increased.
From the above, it was suggested that the alkylene oxide derivative (I) promotes transdermal absorption of humectants such as glycerin and xylitol.
Furthermore, the present inventors have conducted similar studies using arbutin (hydroquinone-β-D-glucopyranoside) in order to investigate the effects of alkylene oxide derivatives on hydrophilic drugs other than humectants. In addition, the test method followed the tape stripping method in the said glycerin. The samples used and the results are shown in Table 10 below.
[Table 10]
As can be seen from Table 10, the amount of permeation into the stratum corneum of both arbutin and glycerin increased in the case where the alkylene oxide derivative was blended (Sample 6), as compared with Sample 5 (Control) in which the alkylene oxide derivative was not blended. Was.
From the above, it was suggested that the alkylene oxide derivative (I) promotes transdermal absorption even for a whitening agent such as arbutin.
[0075]
Although the mechanism of action of the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention to exert a transdermal absorption promoting effect is not clear, the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention reduces the affinity between a hydrophilic agent such as a humectant and a whitening agent and the base. It is presumed that percutaneous absorption is promoted by this treatment.
That is, theoretically, the greater the activity of a drug in a base, the greater the skin penetration rate of the drug. Therefore, in the region below the saturation solubility of the drug, the affinity between the drug and the base is reduced (the drug By widening the difference in the solubility parameter between the base and the base), the distribution to the skin can be increased.
[0076]
As a feature of the alkylene oxide derivative (I) of the present invention, it has high water solubility (solubility in water of 100% or more) and high fat solubility (solubility in ester oil of 100% or more). Such solubility characteristics are derived from the chemical structure of the alkylene oxide derivative (I). An aqueous base having both water-solubility and fat-solubility as described above, having a function of being able to significantly change the solubility parameter of the base by being blended with the aqueous base, and a base for a skin external preparation. Until now, there have been few that have excellent suitability.
Therefore, by adding such an alkylene oxide derivative (I) to an aqueous base, the solubility parameter of the base greatly changes, and the affinity between the base and a hydrophilic drug such as a humectant is significantly reduced, As a result, it is presumed that keratin permeability increases. Therefore, if a hydrophilic agent such as a humectant that is water-soluble and penetrates the skin to exert its effect, such as a water-soluble vitamin, amino acid, or whitening agent, the effect can be expected to be improved. As a drug which can be expected to promote percutaneous absorption, a drug having high hydrophilicity is desirable, and is not limited to this. However, a water / octanol partition coefficient (log P value) indicating water solubility or fat solubility is one index. For example, a value of 0 or less is effective, and more preferably -1 or less. Examples of the water-soluble drug having a log P value of −1.0 or less include hydroquinone glycosides and derivatives, ascorbic acid and its derivatives, and salicylic acid derivatives. The logP value is a coefficient indicating the polarity according to the ease of distribution of a substance to water and octanol as defined in Chemical {Reviews} vol 71 (6), {525} (1971) and the like.
[0077]
On the other hand, it is considered that the percutaneous absorption of a lipid-soluble drug having a relatively high keratin permeability can be suppressed by adding an alkylene oxide derivative. For example, when a fat-soluble drug is solubilized or dispersed in an aqueous base, the difference in solubility parameter between the base and the drug is reduced by the addition of the alkylene oxide derivative, and the affinity between the drug and the base is reduced. It becomes high and keratin permeability is suppressed. Therefore, with respect to fat-soluble drugs (for example, preservatives, ultraviolet absorbers, etc.) that desirably do not penetrate the skin as much as possible, suppression of transdermal absorption can be expected by blending an alkylene oxide derivative. Drugs that can be expected to suppress transdermal absorption are not limited to these, but those having a water / octanol partition coefficient (logP value) of 0.5 or more are effective, and more preferably 1.0 or more. It is. Examples of the fat-soluble drug having a log P value of 1.0 or more include methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, butyl paraben, phenoxyethanol, octyl methoxycinnamate and the like.
[0078]
As described above, by blending the alkylene oxide derivative (I) of the present invention in an aqueous base, it can exert a transdermal absorption promoting effect on hydrophilic drugs such as humectants and whitening agents. it can. On the other hand, percutaneous absorption suppressing action is expected for fat-soluble drugs such as preservatives and ultraviolet absorbers. In addition, it can be inferred that the alkylene oxide derivative exerts the opposite effect in the oil base. Therefore, the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention can function as a transdermal absorption control agent.
Since the properties of the alkylene oxide derivative (I) of the present invention can be adjusted by the number and ratio of the EO chain and the AO chain, there is also an advantage that the appropriateness can be easily controlled according to the target drug.
[0079]
Preferred examples of the skin external preparation according to the present invention will be described below.
Formulation Example 1 Cream
A. Oil phase
Stearic acid {10.0}% by weight
Stearyl alcohol $ 4.0
Butyl stearate @ 8.0
Monoglycerin stearate 2.0
Vitamin E acetate 0.5
Vitamin A palmitate 0.1
Macadamia nut oil 1.0
Tea seed oil $ 3.00
Fragrance 0.4
Preservative appropriate amount
B. Water phase
Compound 13 5.0
Glycerin $ 4.0
1,2pentanediol @ 3.0
Sodium hyaluronate 1.0
Potassium hydroxide 2.0
Magnesium phosphate ascorbate 0.1
L-arginine hydrochloride 0.01
Trisodium edetate 0.05
Purified water residue
[0080]
(Production method and evaluation)
The oil phase of A and the aqueous phase of B are each heated to 70 ° C. and completely dissolved. Add phase A to phase B and emulsify with an emulsifier. The emulsion was cooled using a heat exchanger to obtain a cream. The obtained cream was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0081]
Formulation Example 2 Cream
A. Oil phase
Cetanol 4.0% by weight
Vaseline 7.0
Isopropyl myristate $ 8.0
Squalane $ 15.0
Monoglycerin stearate 2.2
POE (20) sorbitan monostearate @ 2.8
Vitamin E nicotinate $ 2.0
Fragrance 0.3
Antioxidant suitable amount
Preservative appropriate amount
B. Water phase
Compound 2 10.0
Glycerin 10.0
Sodium hyaluronate 0.02
Dipropylene glycol @ 4.0
Sodium pyrrolidonecarboxylate 1.0
Disodium edetate 0.01
Purified water residue
(Production method and evaluation)
A cream was obtained according to Formulation Example 1. The obtained cream was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0082]
Formulation Example 3 Emulsion
A. Oil phase
Squalane 5.0% by weight
Oleyl oleate $ 3.0
Vaseline 2.0
Sorbitan sesquioleate 0.8
Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (20EO) $ 1.2
Evening primrose oil 0.5
Fragrance 0.3
Preservative appropriate amount
B. Water phase
Compound 9 8.0
1,3 butylene glycol @ 4.5
Ethanol $ 3.0
Carboxyvinyl polymer 0.2
Potassium hydroxide 0.1
L-arginine L-aspartate 0.01
Edetate 0.05
Purified water residue
(Production method and evaluation)
An emulsion was obtained according to Formulation Example 1. The obtained emulsion was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect.
[0083]
(Production method and evaluation)
A foundation was obtained according to Formulation Example 1. The obtained foundation was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and was found to have a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0084]
(Production method and evaluation)
The alcohol phase of A was added to the aqueous phase of B and solubilized to obtain a lotion. The obtained lotion was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0085]
Formulation Example 6: W / O emulsified sunscreen agent
(1) Ethyl cellulose 0.5% by weight
(2) Ethyl alcohol $ 4.0
(3) Compound 2 2.0
(4) Octyl paramethoxycinnamate 酸 5.0
(5) di-2-ethylhexyl succinate@22.0
(6) Titanium dioxide treated with methyl hydrogen polysiloxane シ ロ キ サ ン 6.0
(7) Carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0
(8) Appropriate amount of fragrance
(9) Preservative appropriate amount
(10) Purified water remainder
(Production method and evaluation)
After (2) and (3) were added to (1) and swelled sufficiently, (4) and (6) were added and mixed by heating to sufficiently disperse and dissolve. This dispersion was maintained at 70 ° C., and emulsified with a homomixer while gradually adding a solution in which (7), (8) to (10) were mixed, to obtain a W / O emulsified sunscreen agent. The obtained W / O emulsified sunscreen agent was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0086]
Formulation Example 7: W / O emulsified sunscreen agent
A component
Octyl methoxycinnamate {2.0}% by weight
Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 30.5
Trimethylsiloxysilicate 2.5
Dimethyl silicon 5.0
POE polymethylsiloxane copolymer 1.0
Dimethyl stearyl ammonium hectorite 0.7
Dextrin fatty acid-treated zinc oxide (average particle size: 60 nm) 10.0
B component
1,3-butanediol 5.0
Compound 8 1.0
Purified water residue
(Production method and evaluation)
While stirring the component A with a homomixer, the component B was gradually added to emulsify to obtain a W / O emulsified sunscreen agent. The obtained W / O emulsified sunscreen agent was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0087]
Formulation 8: O / W emulsifying sunscreen agent
(1) Behenic acid {0.7}% by weight
(2) isostearic acid 0.7
(3) Cetanol $ 1.0
(4) Liquid paraffin @ 6.0
(5) Dimethyl polysiloxane $ 2.0
(6) Glyceryl monostearate $ 2.0
(7) Octyl paramethoxycinnamate 3.0
(8) Polyethylene glycol 1500@5.0
(9) Dipropylene glycol @ 5.0
(10) Titanium dioxide powder 2.0
(11) Potassium hydroxide 0.1
(12) Carboxyvinyl polymer 1.0
(13) Sodium hexametaphosphate 0.05
(14) Compound 11 2.0
(15) Appropriate amount of fragrance
(16) Preservative (appropriate amount)
(17) Purified water remainder remainder
(Production method and evaluation)
(1) to (7) and (15) are mixed and heated and dissolved at 80 ° C. to form an oil phase. (8) to (14) and (16) to (17) are heated and dispersed at 70 to 75 ° C. to form an aqueous phase. The oil phase is gradually added to the water phase and emulsified using a homomixer.
The emulsion was cooled to 30 ° C. using a heat exchanger to obtain an O / W emulsified sunscreen agent. The obtained O / W emulsified sunscreen agent was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0088]
Formulation 9 Sunscreen oil
(1) Octyl paramethoxycinnamate {3.0}% by weight
(2) Compound 3 1.5
(3) Hydrophobized titanium dioxide 2.0
(4) Hydrophobized zinc oxide 1.0
(5) Liquid paraffin $ 51.0
(6) Cetyl octanoate $ 40.0
(7) Antioxidant suitable amount
(8) Appropriate amount of fragrance
(Production method and evaluation)
Each of the components (1) to (8) was heated and stirred, and then cooled to obtain a sunscreen sunscreen oil. The obtained sunscreen sunscreen oil is excellent in smoothness,
There was no sticky feeling, and a moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect were recognized.
[0089]
Formulation Example 10: W / O emulsified sunscreen agent
(1) Ethyl cellulose {0.5}% by weight
(2) Ethyl alcohol $ 4.0
(3) Compound 2 2.0
(4) Octyl paramethoxycinnamate 酸 5.0
(5) di-2-ethylhexyl succinate@22.0
(6) Hydrophobized fine particles of titanium dioxide (
(7) Carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0
(8) Appropriate amount of fragrance
(9) Preservative appropriate amount
(10) Purified water remainder
(Production method and evaluation)
After (2) and (3) were added to (1) and swelled sufficiently, (4) and (6) were added and mixed by heating to sufficiently disperse and dissolve. This dispersion was maintained at 70 ° C., and emulsified with a homomixer while gradually adding a solution in which (7), (8) to (10) were mixed, to obtain a W / O emulsified sunscreen agent. The obtained W / O emulsified sunscreen was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0090]
Formulation Example 11 Lotion mask
A. Alcohol phase
Ethyl alcohol {10.0}% by mass
PPG-13 {decyltetradeceth-24} 0.3
Menthyl lactate 0.004
Preservative appropriate amount
Appropriate amount of fragrance
B. Water phase
Glycerin 2.0
Compound 9 3.0
Dipropylene glycol @ 4.0
Trehalose 2.0
Caustic potash dosage
Purified water residue
(Production method and evaluation)
The alcohol phase of A was added to the aqueous phase of B to obtain a lotion. This was further impregnated into a nonwoven fabric or the like to obtain a lotion mask. The obtained lotion mask was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving rough skin.
[0091]
Formulation Example 12 Emulsion
A. Oil phase
Squalane {7.0}% by mass
Oleyl oleate ¥ 2.0
Vaseline 1.0
Sorbitan sesquioleate 0.8
POE (20) Oleyl ether $ 1.2
Appropriate amount of fragrance
Preservative appropriate amount
B. Water phase
Compound 14 3.0
1,3-butylene glycol 1.0
Ethanol $ 4.0
Carboxyvinyl polymer 0.2
Potassium hydroxide 0.1
Edetate 0.05
Purified water residue
(Production method and evaluation)
An emulsion was obtained according to Formulation Example 1. The obtained emulsion was excellent in smoothness, had no sticky feeling, and exhibited a moisturizing effect and a skin roughness improving effect.
[0092]
【The invention's effect】
The external preparation for skin of the present invention, which contains an alkylene oxide derivative, has an excellent feeling in use, particularly smoothness, has no sticky feeling, and has a moisturizing effect and an effect of improving skin roughness. When another humectant is used in combination, the alkylene oxide derivative promotes the keratin permeability of the humectant, and the moisturizing effect and the effect of improving skin roughness are remarkably improved. It also promotes percutaneous absorption for whitening agents and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention on percutaneous absorption of glycerin.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the alkylene oxide derivative of the present invention for promoting transdermal absorption of xylitol.
Claims (12)
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