HRP941015A2 - Stilt base - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a stilt with the features specified in the preamble of the main claim. They are known from US-PS 4 927 137.

There, it is taught that the base of the stilt is placed between two vertical handlebars and that it pivots on them. The base of the stilt and the bottom of the stilt are tensioned with a tension spring in front and behind the swivel joint, so that when walking with the stilt, a return force is exerted on the arrangement of the steering wheel.

In the literature "Human production" 11/81, a stilt leg with a parallelogram-steering wheel is described, which consists of four vertical steering wheels, which apparently also serves without a spring support and where the pivoting movement of the parallelogram-steering wheel is limited by stops.

Famous stilts are complicated in construction. If they have spring supports, they are placed in easily accessible places, which can lead to injuries when using the stilt. With a stilt without a spring support, a special dexterity of the worker is required to maintain balance.

The invention is based on the task of constructing a stilt that is safer at work and relieves the worker's joints when in use.

Starting from US-PS 4 927 137, the set task is solved with the characteristic features of the main claim.

The installation of the spring support in the area of the parallelogram-steering joint first leads to the advantage of a covered installation, which excludes the risk of injury and safety at work. However, at the same time, this arrangement creates a prerequisite for enabling spring support not only in the direction of walking and vice versa, but also obliquely to the direction of walking.

This advantage is achieved in a particularly simple way by the fact that the spring support is shaped by a movement placed in the area of the joint. With the features of requirements 3 and 4, effective spring support in the walking direction is obtained.

Shaping the stilt according to the characteristics of requirements 5 to 8 additionally leads to the possibility of spring-supported lateral deflections of the stilt, which significantly facilitates use for the worker and leads to a more secure sense of balance.

The invention can be carried out in many ways. So, for example, it is possible for the spring support to be integrated into the joints of the parallelogram-steering wheel, as follows from claims 9 and 10. If, on the other hand, the features of claims 11 and 12 are applied, with the spring support, the restriction of the limiter regarding the oblique position of the parallelogram is simultaneously achieved - the manager.

In this example of the embodiment of the invention, the spring support is formed by angle fittings which are pivotally fitted around the joints located between the steering wheel and the base of the stilt and with the horizontal arm they are supported on the spring which acts upwards, and with the arm which is directed downwards, they abut on the outside on individual controllers. In addition, the base of the stilt has a bolt that protrudes downwards and is rotatably seated, for guiding the spring, on the upper end of which the horizontal arms of the angle fittings fit under preload. If, for example, when walking forward due to the pressure of the worker's foot on the base of the stilt, a force is directed in the direction of walking that acts diagonally downwards, the parallelogram-controller tries to articulately move in the direction of walking, while in the direction of walking the rear angle bracket due to its support on the outer wall of the steering wheel is also exerted by this pivoting motion and loads the spring. In contrast, the angle fitting directed forward in the direction of walking is relieved and does not participate in the transmission of forces. When the step of the worker that caused this movement is finished and there is no more movement of forces, the loaded spring presses the parallelogram-controller and thus returns the base of the stilt to its initial position.

The invention additionally deals with the problem of the worker's joints, especially the ankle and knee joints, being pushed away, if the worker takes a sideways oblique position during work. For this purpose, within the framework of the invention, the base of the stilt is inserted obliquely to the direction of movement, with the possibility of turning and supported by a spring. In this example of the design, the lower bolts of the parallelogram-steerer bearing are moved in height in the longitudinal openings of the bottom of the stilt, and they are supported by an arrangement of springs that acts vertically, for example, a spring that is rounded forward. This spring support not only receives the weight of the worker, but also reacts when the base of the stilt is loaded in the lateral direction in relation to the direction of movement. In this way, the individual bearing bolts of the parallelogram-steering wheel can be set obliquely in the longitudinal openings, thereby avoiding the support of forces in the worker's knee joint and/or hip joint. Instead, the upper and lower ankle joints are loaded as in normal walking on an inclined surface, sparing the knee joint and the hip joint. This results in an ergometrically particularly beneficial effect on the worker's joints when walking with a stilt.

The details of the invention are visible in the drawings, where the invention is shown schematically and by way of example. The drawings show:

Figure 1: vertical section of a stilt with a spring support in the direction of movement over the joint intermediate components in the area of the parallelogram-steering joint,

Figure 2: partial vertical section through the lower joint of a stilt with a spring support oblique to the direction of movement,

Figure 3: section according to line III-III according to the arrangement in Figure 2,

Figure 4: section through the joint ball bearing,

Figure 5: partial vertical section through the movement support in the upper area of the parallelogram-steering joint,

Figure 6: cross-section through the spring bearing of the parallelogram steering pin,

Figure 7: vertical section through the spring column of the parallelogram-steering wheel.

In the example of Figure 1, a stilt (1) is shown, which has a base (2) and a parallelogram-controller (5). The stilt base (2) has a conventional safety strap (3) for fixing the worker's leg to the stilt base (2), as well as a support (4) for the leg on the stilt (1).

The parallelogram-controller (5) is attached with both joints (7) to the lower side of the base of the stilt (2) and with both lower joints (8) to the bottom of the stilt (6). Due to this parallelogram-steering, the base of the stilt (2) can be moved forwards and backwards while keeping its surface parallel. This moving motion is supported by a spring (14), which exerts a sufficiently large return force when the parallelogram steering wheel (5) is rotated.

In order to achieve this effect, corner shackles (9,10) are placed, which are rotatably placed around the upper joints (7). One arm (18) that extends vertically rests on the outside of each steering wheel (5). One horizontal arm (11) is guided on the spring plate (12) which acts on the prestressed spring (14) from above. This spring (14) is guided on a vertical bolt (13), which passes upwards through the spring plate (12) and is rotatably seated in the horizontal bearing of the bolt (15). From below, the spring (14) is adjusted to the desired preload using the spring plate (16) and nut (17).

Corner brackets (9, 10) usually consist of two sheet metal elements that are placed parallel to each other and are connected to each other by spacer bolts. The distance between the sheet metal elements is different, so that the horizontal arms (11) in the area of the upper spring plate can engage each other like combs. A bolt (13) passes between them.

When the worker with his leg fixed on the stilt (1) moves forward in the direction of the arrow (26), a force directed diagonally downward in the direction of movement acts on the base of the stilt (2) according to the line of action of the force (27). The parallelogram-controller (5) could perform a pivoting movement in the direction of the arrow (28). This allows the base of the stilt (2) to move in the direction of movement (26), while the bottom of the stilt (6) remains fixed on the ground. This action of force in the direction of the arrow (27) leads to the fact that the angle fitting (9) which remains in the direction of movement, is gripped by the upper joint bolt (7), thereby participating in the turning movement of the steering wheel (7) and with its horizontal arm (11) ) acts on the spring (14) in the vertical direction and tightens the spring. The corner shackle (10), which is located forward in the direction of movement, does not have any effect during this movement and develops its supporting effect only when the leg with the base of the stilt is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow (26). The angle bracket, which at first did not have any effect, represents a limiter towards the lower side of the base of the stilt (2) when reaching a certain pivoting position and thus limits the pivoting angle.

The parallelogram-controllers consist of parts of the controls that are guided into each other and can be adjusted in height (5a) and (5b). There is an upper joint (7) on the control part (5a), and a lower joint (8) on the control part (5b). One of the control parts (5b) has several holes (38), and the other control part (5a) has only one hole (38), through which the screw (39) with its body is guided. The nut head (not shown) is secured against rotation inside the control part (5a). The screw (39) is inserted into the hole (38) from the outside. In reality, the holes (38) are not as shown in Figure 1, but are placed obliquely with their axis, whereby the screw head rests on the inside of the control part (5b). By selecting the desired location of the hole (38), the stilt (1) can be moved in height.

(40) symbolically shows the cover for protection against dirt, which should cover joints (8) from above. This measure is particularly advantageous when the complete arrangement of bearings and springs according to Figure 2 must be covered.

Figures 2 to 4 show another independent inventive idea, which deals with allowing lateral deflection of the base of the stilt (2), in relation to the direction of walking, with spring support.

For this purpose, Figure 2 shows that the lower joint (8) is movably inserted in the vertical direction into the longitudinal slits (19) of the bottom of the stilt (6) and is supported from below by the spring (20). This spring (20) is attached to the bottom of the stilt on one side at (21). The other side of the movement (20) can be moved under load at the bottom of the stilt (20). In doing so, it is assumed that the joint (8) is shaped like a bolt, which is fixed in two arms of the parallelogram-steering wheel (5), as shown in Figure 3. In this case, the bolt (8) is surrounded by a sleeve (30). , which acts for both arms (29) in such a way as to create a distance.

The movement (20) receives the weight of the worker together with the moving parts of the stilt (1) via the steering wheel (5) and hinge bolts (8). If the bottom of the stilt (6) comes to a sloping ground or if the worker shifts the weight laterally, the pin (8) can be adjusted with the sleeve (30) obliquely in the longitudinal openings (19) and thus allow lateral movement of the base of the stilt (2). The movement (20) is so stably dimensioned that, on the one hand, it is able to carry weight at all times, and on the other hand, it can receive the lateral movement of weight and return the parallelogram-controller (5) back again.

There are, of course, different possibilities, that this support of the base of the stilt (2) can be constructively shaped. In the example of Figure 4, for example, a ball joint (22) is shown, which, according to Figure 1, can be placed instead of joints (7,8). In this example, the ball joint (22) is pivoted in the slide (24), whereby the slide (24) can be moved in the vertical direction. The slider (24) is supported by support springs (25). In the second place, there are further support springs (23), which support the turning motion of individual steering wheels (5). Instead of the ball joint (22), a cylindrical joint or similar can be used.

The embodiment of Figure 5 shows the movement arrangement (31), which is bent on the outside around the joint (7) of the parallelogram-controller (5). One end of the spring (31) is attached to a threaded bolt (32), which extends vertically downwards on the lower side of the base of the stilt (2). With the help of nuts (33), the preload of the movement (31) can be changed. The other end of the link (31) is supported on the inner side of each steering wheel (5) and is guided there longitudinally.

In the example of Figure 6, an alternative to Figure 3 is shown. The sleeve (30), which is guided on the hinge pin (8), is wrapped with an elastic element made of rubber and metal, the rim of which is supported on the bottom of the stilt (6). This ensures elastic acceptance of the worker's weight. However, with this arrangement, it is possible to simultaneously achieve feathering transverse support, because the elastic element made of rubber and metal (34) is able to elastically reciprocate tilting movements.

Figure 7 shows an elastic metal connecting element (35) which is attached to one threaded bolt (36) of the bottom of the stilt (6) and is elastically supported on the bottom of the stilt (6). The steering wheel (5) is also connected to the metal connecting element via one threaded bolt (37) and is therefore spring-supported on all sides.

Figure 8 shows a simple and therefore particularly recommended alternative to Figure 2. According to this alternative, the spring (20) has a recess (41) in the gripping area of the joint (8) that guides the joint (8). Therefore, the spring (20) must be attached separately to the bottom of the stilt (6), because it is supported only at the bottom of the stilt (6).

Claims (13)

1. A stilt (1) for workers to walk, which consists of one parallelogram-controller (5) movable in height, on the lower side of which the bottom of the stilt (6) is hinged, and on the upper side the base (2) with support (4) for fixing the leg, whereby spring support of the parallelogram-controller (5) towards the bottom of the stilt (6) or at the base of the stilt (2), indicated by the fact that it is made with a spring support (14, 17, 20) in the area of the joint (7,8) of the parallelogram-steering wheel (5). 2. A stilt according to claim 1, characterized in that individual spring supports consist of links (20, 31). 3. The stilt according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the spring (31) includes the hinge pin (7) on the outside and its ends are supported on the inner surface of the base of the stilt (2) and/or the bottom of the stilt (6), as well as on the inner side of the corresponding parallelogram-controller (5), where one end of the link (31) is attached. 4. A stilt according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the end of the movement is fixed in height on a threaded bolt (37) which extends vertically and is connected to the base of the stilt (2). 5. A stilt especially according to claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized by the fact that the parallelogram-controller (5) with the possibility of turning is mounted obliquely to the direction of movement and spring-supported. 6. The stilt according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the lower bolts of the bearing (8) of the parallelogram-controller (5) are vertically guided in the longitudinal openings (19) of the bottom of the stilt (6), and are supported by one arrangement of springs that act vertically, for example with a hinge (20) that is rounded upwards. 7. The stilt according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the spring (20) is firmly connected (21) to the bottom of the stilt (6) on one front side, and is guided on the bottom of the stilt (6) with the possibility of turning on the other front side. 8. The stilt according to claim 6, characterized in that the spring (20) at the engagement point of the joint (8) has a recess (41) that guides that joint, and the spring (20) just rests against the bottom of the stilt (6). 9. A stilt according to claim 5, characterized in that the base of the stilt (2) in the area of the upper bearing (7) of the parallelogram-steering wheel (5) is tilted obliquely to the direction of movement and is supported by a spring. 10. A stilt according to claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterized by the fact that each joint (7 or 8) of the parallelogram-controller (5) is shaped like a ball joint (22) and a spring support is provided for the parts that are hinged to each other , in or/and obliquely to the direction of motion. 11. A stilt according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the spring support consists of an elastic bearing made of metal connecting elements (35). 12. The stilt according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the spring support (14) is formed by angle fittings (9,10), which are pivotally inserted around the threaded bolt of the parallelogram-steering wheel, supported by the horizontal arm (11) on the spring ( 14) which acts upwards and with one upwardly directed arm (18) rests on the outside of the individual steering wheel (5). 13. A stilt according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the base of the stilt (2) has a rotatably mounted bolt (13) that protrudes downwards between the handlebars (5), which bolt is intended for guiding the spring (14) on the upper end of which under preload horizontal arms (11) of corner brackets (9,10).