GB2361990A - Transparent electric convection heater - Google Patents
Transparent electric convection heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2361990A GB2361990A GB0010519A GB0010519A GB2361990A GB 2361990 A GB2361990 A GB 2361990A GB 0010519 A GB0010519 A GB 0010519A GB 0010519 A GB0010519 A GB 0010519A GB 2361990 A GB2361990 A GB 2361990A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- convection heater
- transparent
- electrically heated
- glass
- optically transparent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
- H05B3/86—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater for use as a space heater in homes, offices, shops. Typically, said convection heater consists of a transparent layer 1 upon which is deposited a layer of a transparent electrically conductive material 2 such as indium-tin-oxide, electrodes 3 and 3a are formed on opposite edges of the transparent electrically conductive layer 2 and electrical wires 4 and 4a are connected to the electrodes. The transparent electrically conductive layer 2 is sandwiched between layer 1 and another transparent layer 1a. The passage of an electrical current through the optically transparent conductive layer 2 causes it to be heated according to the Joule effect, thereby heating the transparent panels 1 and 1a and the surrounding air by convection.
Description
2361990 Transparent Electric Convection Heater This invention relates to
an electrically heated optically transparent convection heater for use as a space heater.
Space heaters in the form of electrically heated radiators and convection heaters are well known and find application in the domestic environment as well as in offices, shops and the like.
Existing electrically heated radiators are predominately of the oil filled variety and typically consist of a hollow metal fin filled with oil attached to a tube containing a heating element. When an electrical current is passed through the heating element it is heated according to the Joule effect and subsequently heats the oil in the fin. Convection currents within the oil then cause the oil to move within the fin distributing the heat throughout the fin. Existing electrically heated convection heaters typically consists of a metallic-wire heating-element suspended within an otherwise hollow metal case. The top and bottom of the case are open to the air so that air has a free passage through the case and over the element. When an electrical current is passed through the heating element it is heated according to the Joule effect and thence heats the surrounding air, which removes the heat to its surroundings by convection. Such examples of the prior art are opaque and consequentially have diminished aesthetic appeal.
An object of the present invention is to provide an optically transparent electrically heated convection heater for use as a space heater in homes, offices, shops and the like, comprising a transparent layer made of glass, temperature-resistant transparent rigid or flexible plastic or the like which has been coated on one or on both sides with an optically transparent electrically conductive material, for example but not limited to, Indium-Tin-Oxide.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a space heater in the form of an optically transparent, electrically heated convection heater with increased aesthetic appeal over existing electrically heated opaque radiators and convection heaters.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a generic optical display platform for use as a basis for optical effects and/or displays, for use in homes, shops, offices and the like for aesthetic, entertainment, promotional, advertisement and similar purposes.
According to the present invention there is provided an optically transparent electrically heated convection heater for use as a space heater in homes, offices, shops and the like.
The essence of the present invention is a heating element made from an optically transparent, electrically conductive material, for example but not limited to, Indium-Tin-Oxide. The optically transparent, electrically conductive material is formed upon one or both sides of a transparent substrate such as glass, temperature-resistant transparent rigid or flexible plastic or the like and is heated according to the Joule effect by the passage of an electrical current. The substrate carrying the optically transparent, electrically conductive material is then formed into 2 a convection heater suitable for use in homes, offices, shops and the like by attachment to a further sheet or sheets of glass, temperatureresistant transparent rigid or flexible plastic or the like and/or a suitable supporting structure and/or mounting.
According to the second aspect of the present invention there is provided an optically transparent electrically heated convection heater made of glass, temperature-resistant transparent rigid or flexible plastic or the like with provision for either wall or floor mounting which may be illuminated with coloured lamps, light-emitting diodes and the like to provide optical effects and/or displays, for use in homes, shops, offices and the like for aesthetic, entertainment, promotional, advertisement and similar purposes.
According to the third aspect of the present invention there is provided an optically transparent electrically heated convection heater made of glass, temperature-resistant transparent rigid or flexible plastic or the like with provision for either wall or floor mounting which may be decorated with pictures, company logos, trade marks, coats of arms, other graphic designs and the like to provide optical effects and/or displays, for use in homes, shops, offices and the like for aesthetic, entertainment, promotional, advertisement and similar purposes.
In the preferred embodiments of the present invention the present invention will be operated by connection to the mains electricity supply. As this may present a potential safety hazard in the preferred embodiments access to the heating element or elements, the mains wiring and all electrodes electrically connected to the mains wiring will be restricted. This can be achieved by one or more of the following non- restrictive exemplary methods: attaching the transparent conductive layer complete with its substrate to a sheet of glass or temperature-resistant transparent plastic or the like such that the transparent conductive layer is sandwiched between its substrate and the glass or temperatureresistant transparent plastic or the like, where the substrate can be glass, temperature-resistant transparent plastic or the like; sandwiching the transparent conductive layer complete with its substrate between a layer of glass or temperature-resistant transparent plastic or the like and another layer of glass or temperatureresistant transparent plastic or the like; providing a margin around the edge of the sheet of glass, transparent plastic or the like which is free of the transparent conductive layerl bonding of the glass and or temperature-resistant transparent plastic or the like sheet or sheets to each other so as to preclude access to the transparent conductive layer; placing of the sheet of glass, transparent plastic or the like coated with the transparent conductive layer upon or adjacent to an electrically insulating surface such that access to the transparent conductive layer is restricted; or any combination of the above thereof The power dissipated by a single electrically conductive layer, for example a transparent conductive layer, may be formulated in accordance with Equation I as follows:
V2 H P = - - (1) Rsh L where P is the power dissipated in the film; V is the supply voltage; R,h is the sheet resistance of the film in Q/square; 3 H is the height of the film as defined in Figure 1; L is the length of the film as defined in Figure 1.
Equation I can be transposed and used to calculate the sheet resistance of the transparent conductive layer required for any given power-supply voltage and dimensions of the said layer.
For example, a transparent conductive film designed to dissipate I kW of dimensions H = 0.5m and L = I in, connected to an electricity supply with V=240V, would have R,h = 28Q/square. Such a sheet resistance is well within the bounds of sheet resistivities that can be obtained by such processes as DC sputtering, DC magnetron sputtering, RF sputtering, RF magnetron sputtering, evaporation, spray coating, dipping and the like; for indium-tin-oxide films and other transparent conductive films and any of the aforementioned processes or others can be used to apply the transparent conductive film to the substrate layer.
In practicing the present invention the power dissipation per square metre of surface area (the power dissipation density) of the convection heater will be adjusted such that the ultimate surface temperature of the convection heater will be in the approximate temperature range 50'C to I OO'C with a preferred temperature of typically, though not exclusively, 70'C. Operating the convection heater in the above temperature range ensures that a significant proportion of the heat is removed from the convection heater by convection rather than by radiation. The surface temperature of the convection heater will be a function of the thermal conductivity of the material from which the panels that constitute the body of the convection heater are made and consequently the said surface temperature will be dependent on the material from which the said panels are made. The preferred power dissipation density is approximately, though not limited to, I kWM-2.
Figure I is a schematic perspective view of a transparent substrate coated with a transparent electrically conductive layer.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of the convection heater.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the second preferred embodiment of the convection heater.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the third and fourth preferred embodiments of the convection heater.
Figure 5 is a perspective view of the fifth preferred embodiment of the convection heater.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of a composite of the sixth and seventh preferred embodiments of the convection heater.
Figure 7 is a perspective view of the eighth preferred embodiment of the convection heater.
A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a non-restrictive example with reference to Figure 2. Layer 1, made of glass or of a temperature-resistant 4 transparent plastic or the like, is coated with transparent conductive layer, for example but not limited to indium-tin-oxide, on one side only leaving a margin around the edge of the layer I uncoated. The margin is of sufficient width to allow the layers I and I a to be bonded together and prevent the transparent conductive layer 2 from being accessed from the edge. Electrodes 3 and 3a made from a metallic material such as, but not limited to, copper, tin, gold or the like are placed upon opposite edges of the transparent conductive layer so that they make a low resistance electrical contact to the transparent conductive layer. Layer I a, of the same dimensions as layer 1, is left uncoated. Layer I a is assembled adjacent to layer I such that the transparent conductive layer 2 on layer I is sandwiched between layers I and Ia. Electrical wires 4 and 4a make contact with the electrodes 3 and 3a to allow an electrical current to pass into and out of the transparent conductive layer. An electrical current is passed through the film, which heats it according to the Joule effect, and the power dissipated by the film is formulated by Equation 1.
A second embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a nonrestrictive example with reference to Figure 3. The second embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6 mounted on the side of the convection heater. Layers 1, Ia and 2 are held in a vertical attitude by supports 16 and 16a mounted on feet 5 and 5a, which are separated by base 8.
It is entirely possible that two or more of the individual convectors described above could be mounted adjacent to each other and separated by a small gap upon a single stand or arrangement of feet to form a multielement convection heater of correspondingly higher heat output.
A third embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a non-restrictive example with reference to Figure 4. The third embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6. Layers 1, Ia and 2 are surrounded by frame 15, which has holes 13,13a etc. formed on axes perpendicular to the plane of the layers 1, Ia and 2. By means of fixings passed through the said holes the said frame and the said layers can be affixed upon a wall or similar structure.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a nonrestrictive example with reference to Figure 4. The third embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6. Layer I is coated on its outer surface with a reflective material (not shown), such as but not limited to chromium, such that the completed convection heater also serves as a mirror. Layers 1, Ia and 2 are surrounded by frame 15, which has holes 13,13a etc. formed on axes perpendicular to the plane of the layers 1, Ia and 2. By means of fixings passed through the said holes the said frame and the said layers can be affixed upon a wall or similar structure.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a non-restrictive example with reference to Figure 5. The fifth embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via then-nostat 6. In this embodiment layer Ia is formed into a curve in a single plane to enable the convection heater to stand conveniently in the comer of a room. The transparent conductive layer 2 is formed upon a flexible temperatureresistant transparent plastic or the like substrate layer I and brought into proximity with the curved layer I a such that the transparent conductive layer 2 is sandwiched between its substrate layer I and layer 1 a. Layers I and I a, are mounted on base 10. The insert in Figure 5 shows detail of the comer of the convection heater.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a non-restrictive example with reference to Figure 6. The sixth embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6. Layers 1, 1 a and 2 are held in a vertical attitude by supports 16 and 16a mounted on feet 5 and 5a, which are separated by base 8. It is provided for the illumination of the transparent layers 1, 1 a and 2 by the inclusion of luminaries 11, 11 a etc. mounted in base 8. Luminaries 11, 11 a etc. may take the form of, though not exclusively, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, light-emitting diodes and the like. The insert in Figure 6 shows detail of a non-restrictive example of said luminaries, A seventh embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a nonrestrictive example with reference to Figure 6. The seventh embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6. Layers 1, 1 a and 2 are held in a vertical attitude by supports 16 and 16a mounted on feet 5 and 5a, which are separated by base 8. A graphic design or designs 14 is/are formed, deposited, etched or otherwise created upon the surface of one or both of the layers I and Ia.
An eighth embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of a nonrestrictive example with reference to Figure 7. The eighth embodiment consists of the convection heater of the first embodiment described above and with reference to Figure 2 with electrical wires 4 and 4a connected to electrical flex 7 via thermostat 6. Layer Ia is formed in the shape of a cylinder. The transparent conductive layer 2 is formed upon a flexible temperature-resistant transparent plastic or the like substrate I and applied to the inside of the cylindrical layer Ia such that the transparent conductive layer 2 is sandwiched between its substrate I and cylindrical layer 1 a. Cylindrical layer Ia is mounted on base 12 which contains lamp or lamps 11, 1 Ia etc. (only lamp I I is shown) or other suitable luminaries. In this embodiment the present invention may be operated with the heater switched off (switch not shown) and the lamp or lamps 11, 1 Ia etc. illuminated and function as a lamp.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible now that the present invention has been disclosed. Therefore, it is to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described above.
(0
Claims (12)
- ClaimsI. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater for use as a space heater in homes, offices, shops and the like. Comprising a transparent layer made of glass, temperature-resistant transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like which has been coated on one or on both sides with an optically transparent electrically conductive material, for example but not limited to, Indium-Tin-Oxide.
- 2. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to Claim I wherein the optically transparent electrically conductive material is sandwiched between a transparent layer made of glass, temperature-resistant flexible or rigid transparent plastic or the like and another transparent layer made of glass, temperatureresistant transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like.
- 3. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to Claim 2 wherein a margin is provided around the edge or edges of the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like which is free of the transparent conductive layer and the bonding of the glass and/or temperature-resistant flexible or rigid transparent plastic or the like sheet or sheets to each other so as to preclude access to the transparent conductive layer from the outside.
- 4. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like are supported and/or mounted upon a base, feet or similar structure in any attitude.
- 5. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like have holes on axes perpendicular to the plane of the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like such that the said convection heater can be affixed to a wall or similar structure.
- 6. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like is surrounded by a frame such that the said convection heater can be affixed to a wall or similar structure.
- 7. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein one surface of the sheet or sheets of glass, transparent flexible or rigid plastic or the like is coated with a reflective material, such as but not limited to chromium, such that the said convection heater can function as a mirror.
- 8. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein the body of the said convection heater is curved in a single plane such that the said convection heater would stand conveniently in the comer of a room.I
- 9. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1-3 wherein the body of the said convection heater is formed into a cylinder
- 10. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of the Claims 1-9 wherein it is provided a means for the illumination of the transparent layers 1, 1 a and 2 by the inclusion of luminaries 11, 11 a etc. Luminaries 11, 11 a etc. may take the form of, though not exclusively, incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, lightemitting diodes and the like.
- 11. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater according to any of Claims 1 -10 wherein a graphic design or designs is/are formed, deposited, etched or otherwise created upon the surface of one or both of the layers I and/or I a for the purpose of aesthetic enhancement, entertainment, promotional, advertisement and/or similar purposes.
- 12. An optically transparent electrically heated convection heater substantially as described herein with reference to Figures 1-7 of the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0010519A GB2361990A (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Transparent electric convection heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0010519A GB2361990A (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Transparent electric convection heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0010519D0 GB0010519D0 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
| GB2361990A true GB2361990A (en) | 2001-11-07 |
Family
ID=9890774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0010519A Withdrawn GB2361990A (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2000-05-03 | Transparent electric convection heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2361990A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1760413A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-07 | Emmesteel S.r.L. | Electric radiator |
| FR2908261A1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-09 | Atlantic Ind Soc Par Actions S | Heating panel for electric heater in e.g. bath room, has front and rear plates spaced from each other to provide space between heating element and rear plate, and joint placed at periphery of panel to ensure sealing between plates |
| EP2412521A1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-01 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Illuminated radiator |
| WO2012104530A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-09 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heating element comprising films |
| WO2012168628A1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heating element having films |
| EP3173694A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | Thomas Hackl | Device for combined delivery of heat and light |
| DE202021104714U1 (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-10-04 | Vestaxx Gmbh | Combined heating and separating element |
| FR3119294A1 (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | HEATED GLASS DEVICE |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4352006A (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1982-09-28 | Societa Italiana Vetro-Siv-S.P.A. | Heated mirror, designed in particular to constitute an external rearview mirror element for a vehicle |
| JPS63156934A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-30 | Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd | Electric space heater |
| EP0582457A2 (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-02-09 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Transparent panel heater and method for manufacturing same |
| US5354966A (en) * | 1991-12-02 | 1994-10-11 | Sperbeck Scott W | Window defogging system with optically clear overlay having multi-layer silver bus bars and electrically isolating peripheral grooves |
| WO1996027271A1 (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 1996-09-06 | Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev | Electric heating element of the convection or convection-radiation type |
-
2000
- 2000-05-03 GB GB0010519A patent/GB2361990A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4352006A (en) * | 1979-06-07 | 1982-09-28 | Societa Italiana Vetro-Siv-S.P.A. | Heated mirror, designed in particular to constitute an external rearview mirror element for a vehicle |
| JPS63156934A (en) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-30 | Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd | Electric space heater |
| US5354966A (en) * | 1991-12-02 | 1994-10-11 | Sperbeck Scott W | Window defogging system with optically clear overlay having multi-layer silver bus bars and electrically isolating peripheral grooves |
| EP0582457A2 (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-02-09 | MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS, Inc. | Transparent panel heater and method for manufacturing same |
| WO1996027271A1 (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 1996-09-06 | Compagnie Generale D'innovation Et De Developpement Cogidev | Electric heating element of the convection or convection-radiation type |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1760413A1 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-03-07 | Emmesteel S.r.L. | Electric radiator |
| US7321723B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2008-01-22 | Emmesteel S.R.L. | Electric radiator |
| FR2908261A1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-09 | Atlantic Ind Soc Par Actions S | Heating panel for electric heater in e.g. bath room, has front and rear plates spaced from each other to provide space between heating element and rear plate, and joint placed at periphery of panel to ensure sealing between plates |
| EP2412521A1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-01 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Illuminated radiator |
| EA031947B1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2019-03-29 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Heating element comprising films |
| FR2971387A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-10 | Saint Gobain | COATING HEATING ELEMENT |
| US10029651B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2018-07-24 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heating element comprising films |
| WO2012104530A1 (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2012-08-09 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heating element comprising films |
| WO2012168628A1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-13 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heating element having films |
| FR2976439A1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-14 | Saint Gobain | COATING HEATING ELEMENT |
| EA031770B1 (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2019-02-28 | Сэн-Гобэн Гласс Франс | Film-type heating element |
| US10237919B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2019-03-19 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Film-type heating element |
| EP3173694A1 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | Thomas Hackl | Device for combined delivery of heat and light |
| FR3119294A1 (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | HEATED GLASS DEVICE |
| WO2022162305A1 (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-08-04 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Heated glass device |
| DE202021104714U1 (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-10-04 | Vestaxx Gmbh | Combined heating and separating element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0010519D0 (en) | 2000-06-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |