FR2640301A1 - DEVICE FOR CONNECTING BEAMS OF PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTIONS IN TREILLIS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the connection of beams of prefabricated lattice constructions, in which hooks are inserted in recesses of the gussets, two gussets of a node being able to be assembled each time by means of a screw. According to the invention, the gussets have the form of circular discs 4, 5, one of which has a central orifice 7 and the other a central thread 8 and which have recesses 9 in their faces facing one another. other; the hooks 3 on the beam side are formed by projecting elements 11, e.g., in circular segments, fixed at each end of the frame, with hooks 3 curved so as to correspond to the shape of the recesses, protruding from each side, said hooks being interposed between the gussets 4, 5, e.g. and inserted into their recesses 9 in the form of grooves.

Description

Device for connecting beams of prefabricated buildings in

  The invention relates to a device for connecting beams of prefabricated lattice constructions, hooks being fixed to the free end of the upper chord and the lower chord of each beam, said hooks inserted into the recesses of the truss. gussets, two gussets of a knot that can be each time

  assembled by means of a screw passing through them at their center.

  Such a device is known for example from the document

DE-PS 32 22 811.

  In the known device, a hook fixed by welding to the upper chord and the lower chord is provided each time, said hooks being arranged in opposite directions with respect to each other. These hooks are connected via narrow crosspieces directed perpendicularly in the direction of assembly which are fixed by welding to the corresponding ribs welding plates in the form of hollow sections of the lattice girders. For the arrangement of the gussets, there is provided a connecting bar, at the inner end of which a gusset is fixedly welded, while at the upper end which can be connected to the upper chord, a gusset removably disposed is held in place by means of a centrally located screw. In this known construction, the gussets are provided in their zones protruding laterally from the connecting bar, with recesses open at the edges, in the form of grooves directed in the direction of the beams to be joined which can be grasped by the

  hooks and their sleepers respectively.

  This embodiment has the disadvantage of providing recesses in the form of grooves, the traction forces acting at the node widen said recesses and can, even in extreme cases, tear them so that sufficient security, including in multi-storey constructions, can only be achieved by realizing

  significant additional constructive work.

  From this state of the art, the object of the invention is to create a device of a related nature which is capable, with the aid of very simple connecting elements to be produced, of absorbing the constraints observed without any problem. without any deterioration of

gussets are to be discounted.

  To solve this problem, the invention proposes that the gussets have the shape of circular discs, one of which has a central screw hole and the other a central thread for the screw and which have concentrically with respect to the screw. central opening and tapping, respectively, of the groove-like recesses in the faces facing each other that the beam-side hooks are formed by circular segment-type protruding elements attached to each end of the chord , with hooks folded to correspond to the shape of the groove, which are intercalable between the gussets and insertable in their

recesses in the form of flutes.

  Differing in this respect from the state of the art, one has, at each end of the frame, that is to say both on the upper chord and the lower chord of a lattice girder, fixed a hook directed upwards. in the direction of assembly and a hook directed downwards in the direction of assembly, said hooks being connected with plates to be welded by horizontal crosspieces in the mounting position, said plates being welded to the ends of hollow sections which form the upper chord and the lower chord, respectively, of the lattice girder. Again in the state of the art, each pair of hooks of an upper chord and a lower chord has a pair of gussets, so that the hooks in the mounting position are covered each time with the part upper and lower by a gusset, said gussets having, concentrically with respect to the central orifice, groove-like recesses in the surfaces facing each other, recesses in which the hooks are insertable. The screw connecting each time the gussets of a node, that is to say the lower chord or the upper chord, has a lnongl] ir such that during the montago prediable gussets they can be spread relatively l relative to one another so that the corresponding chord is inserted with its hook between the gussets and can be inserted in the recess of the corresponding gusset. As soon as all the upper and lower chords, respectively, are correctly arranged at the node, the screw can be tightened and, if necessary, preloaded in such a way that it is possible to obtain an adherent and positively engaged connection of the upper chord and of the lower chord, respectively, by means of the gussets. The construction of the connecting elements, that is to say welded elements and hooks and gussets is, as we imagine, simple to implement since these connecting elements can be manufactured as turned parts simple. For the manufacture of the connecting pieces having hooks, these can be first turned from a circular disk, where appropriate to the profiled edge, and then decomposed into a corresponding number of individual elements having the shape circular segments, preferably in four equal segments. The configuration according to the invention makes it possible to avoid the formation, hitherto necessary, of open grooves on the edges for the penetration of the hooks and their cross members, respectively, so that much higher stresses can be transmitted and that in addition a tear of the slots, the risk of which exists in

  the current state of the art is no longer possible.

  It is particularly advantageous, in addition, in the configuration according to the invention, that once the assembly is carried out one obtains an aesthetic appearance, visually uniform, nodes so that one has also discovered a satisfactory solution on the aesthetic plan. The configuration according to the invention also makes it possible, with this system, to make multi-storey constructions, the skeleton formed by the lattice girders being suitable for fixing

  elements of floors, walls and ceilings.

  A preferred configuration is further seen in that the flute-like recesses of a pair of disks are configured and arranged exactly like the disks themselves so as to overlap one another. More theoretically, it is possible that the groove-shaped recesses have a different spacing relative to the central axis of the corresponding gusset. For reasons of constraint and uniform force transmission, it is however preferable that these recesses are arranged so as to overlap equally, the consequence necessarily resulting from this being that the hooks have equal spacings with respect to the ends of the chords.

  upper and lower, respectively.

  it is furthermore preferred that each projecting element having the shape of a circular segment covers at least a quarter

  about the circle of the corresponding disc.

  A preferential improvement is seen in the fact that the joining element of each segment-shaped projecting element is bent so as to correspond to the external shape of the disk in the zone adjacent to the chord of the beam, the disks flush with in particular in the fixing position with the one and the other edges, respectively, of the bending and the elements forming the

  chords are also flush with bending.

  In this context, it may still be advantageous that the hooks are not arranged at the free end of the projecting element which carries them, but that the projecting element emerging from the frame-side fastening element exceeds hooks in the longitudinal direction of the projecting element arranged horizontally in the mounting direction, such that the groove-shaped recesses can be arranged to receive the hooks at a substantial distance from the central opening of the

gussets shaped discs.

  It is further provided that the hooks have a free length corresponding approximately to the thickness of

  the projecting element that carries them.

  Preferably, it is also provided that the disks are about three times the thickness of

the protruding element.

  To obtain a good fit, it is further provided that the flutes and hooks are conical. To avoid double adjustment, it is preferentially provided that the flutes are slightly

  deeper than the free length of the hooks.

  In another preferred form, the heads of the screws, with respect to the upper chord and the lower chord of a beam, are arranged inside the beam and the disks provided with a

  tapping are arranged externally.

  In an improvement, it is proposed that the inner disks of a node are connected to each other by

a junction bar.

  In this way, it is possible to also have the terminal bars at points conditioned by the

construction.

  In addition, it is possible that the outer disks are connected by means of a support and an upright, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to support the truss beams both floor and ceiling side on the floor above or the floor below or

still the ground, respectively.

  Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated

  in the drawing and described in more detail below.

  Are illustrated: in fig. 1: a node on a frame of a lattice girder, in side view, in partial section; in fig. 2: the same, seen from below; in fig. 3 to 8: the different connection elements of the node in isolated representation; in fig. 9: the connection of lattice girders with bars and knuckle supports, in side view, partially exploded; in fig. 10: a node in view according to FIG. 1; in fig. 11 + 12: principle representations of lattice arrangements according to the invention; in fig. 13: a variant in the representation according to

fig. 1.

  The drawing illustrates the connecting device of the truss prefabricated construction beams, double hooks 3 being fixed to the free end of the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2, said hooks inserted into the corresponding recesses of gussets 4 and 5, respectively, the two gussets 4 and S of a node being connected by means of a screw 6. with central passage. According to the invention, the gussets 4, 5 are in the form of circular disks, as is shown in particular in FIGS. 3 to 6. One of the discs has a central passage 7 for the screw, while the other disc 5 has a thread 8 also central. Concentrically with respect to the central orifice 7, 8, groove-shaped recesses 9 are provided in the facing faces of the discs 4 and 5, respectively. These grooves are formed by closed circular recesses. The elements carrying the weldable hooks 3 side beam by means of a welding element 10 have the shape of circular segments, as the watch

in particular fig. 7.

  Such an element is welded on each end of an upper chord 1 and a lower chord 2, respectively. In this context, the hooks 3 emerge vertically in the mounting of a connecting crosspiece 11 of the welded element A, which connecting crossbar is directed horizontally in the mounting position. The projecting elements in the form of circular segments formed by the crosspieces 11 are provided on each side with folded hooks 3 corresponding to the shape of the corrugated groove on either side towards the recesses 9 in the form of grooves. These hooks are each insertable in the mounting position between the gussets 4 and are intercalable in their recesses 9 in the form of flutes. During the pre-assembly, the screw 6 is screwed only slightly into the tapping 8 of the disc 5, so that the discs 4 and 5 have, on their faces turned towards each other, a spacing such that the double hook 3 is insertable into the space thus created and can be placed in the mounting position in the lower recess 9. During pre-assembly, the screw 6 is only slightly screwed into the tapping 8 of the disc 5, so that the discs 4 and 5 have between their faces facing each other a gap such that the double hook 3 can be inserted into the space thus formed and be placed in the recess 9 lower in the position of mounting. During assembly, the assembly of other lattice girders on an already assembled lattice girder is effected in such a way that the discs 4 and 5 are placed with the screw 6 slightly screwed onto the corresponding end element ( double hook 3) of the lattice beam mounted, so that the upper disk 4 and 5 respectively, in the mounting direction, arises with its

  recess above the hook 3 emerging upwards.

  The other lattice girders can then be inserted into the space formed between the discs 4 and 5 of a node, after which these lattice girders are with the lower hooks 3 in the lower recess 9. After the installation of all the connecting elements at this node, the screws 6 are clamped, which preferably have the form of screws with several hexagon screws (high strength screws), the connection then being completed at this node. Due to the circular configuration of the recesses 9 and the corresponding circular-shaped configuration of the hooks 3, it is possible to arrange the lattice girders with a different angle to each other at a node. In the chosen execution example, the dimensioning was selected so that for four lattice girders arriving at a node, only a right angle arrangement of the beams

  lattice to one another is possible.

  However, if only three similar truss beams are to be assembled at this node, a relative angular position, deviating from the symmetrical position of 120, is

also possible.

  The flute-like recesses 9 of a pair of discs 4, 5 are arranged and formed to overlap, as are the discs themselves. In addition, each projecting element shaped circular segment, formed by the cross members 11, covers at least a quarter circle corresponding disks 4, 5, respectively. The connecting element 10 of each segmentally projecting element is folded in the region adjacent to the frame 1 and 2 respectively of the beam so as to correspond to the outer shape of the discs 4 and 5, respectively, so that the discs 4 and 5 in the fixing position, as this is for example shown in FIG. 1, are flush with one and the other edges, respectively, of the bending and flush with the elements of the construction forming the frames 1 and 2. In the embodiment, the hooks 3 have a free length corresponding approximately to the thickness of the projecting element 11 which carries them. The discs 4 and 5 have about three times the thickness of the projecting element 11. As can be seen from Figs. 3, 6 and 8, the grooves 9 and the hooks 3 have a conical shape adapted to each other, the grooves 9 being slightly deeper than the free length of the hooks 3, so that

  such as in the prescribed mounting position, such as

  This is shown, for example, in FIG. 1, the vertical end faces of the hooks 3 have a spacing relative to the bottom of the recess 9. It avoids

thus a double adjustment.

  For the lattice girders arranged cantilevered, the preferred arrangement is chosen such that the heads of the screws 6 which clasp the outside of the disc 4 without tapping, are arranged on the inner side of the beam for the chord upper and lower chord, 1 and 2 respectively, of a beam, while the discs 5 provided with a thread are arranged externally. This is shown for example in FIG. 10. In this way, a particularly aesthetically pleasing impression is created, since the screw heads are hardly perceived as disturbing elements from the outside. In addition, the screw heads do not form disturbing projections during the installation of the ceiling elements and or floor. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 9, the inner disks 5 of a node are connected to each other by a connecting rod 12. This has the shape of a hollow profile. For fastening the connecting bar, a connecting element 13 is welded each time to the disc 5, said connecting elements being coaxial with each other. By means of corresponding fixing screws 14, preferably screws with several tails, is fastened the connecting bar 12, which has the end side of the central punched head plates 15. So that the screws 14 are accessible to a suitable tool , the connecting bar has openings 16 in which, in known manner, the foldable rod of a screwdriver can be introduced in such a way that the screws 14 can be mechanically clamped. Fig. 9 also illustrates that the outer disks 4 are connected by a support 18 and a post 17, respectively. For adjustment and positional security, a sleeve-shaped support 19 is further welded to the central part of the disc 4, which support is capped by a corresponding head plate 20 of the support and the upright, respectively. In this way, sufficient positioning security is achieved. Of course, it is also possible to couple the support and the upright, respectively, by means of a welded connection or a screw connection. To provide sufficient clearance with respect to the oblique lattice supports extending from the chord 2 and the chord 1, respectively, and to obtain at least approximately concentric insertion of the oblique supports 21 at the node, the oblique supports 21 have recesses. in the connection area of the discs 5 and 4 respectively, the recess 22 having a height which corresponds to the necessary distance of the discs 4 and 5 relative to each other, so that the introduction of the hooks between the previously mounted discs 4 and 5 is possible. In figs. 11 and 12, two possible alternative embodiments of load-bearing frameworks are illustrated. In the variant embodiment according to FIG. 11, an upright and a support 17 and 18 respectively, and a connecting bar 12

  are each provided at the nodes of lattice girders.

  For example, it is possible, in this way, to build multi-storey buildings. In the variant according to FIG. 12, the provision is such that only amounts 17 are provided. Since at each upper end of the upright 17, the oblique supports of the lattice beam coincide, the provision of additional terminal bars 12 can be dispensed with. This is synonymous on the one hand with a significant saving and on the other hand. on the other hand, an oblique configuration of the lattice is thus possible on the outer envelope of the building,

  as shown on the left in fig. 12.

  The examples of execution do not represent a limitation. Unlike the embodiment shown, the screw head 6 can, of course, be embedded in a tapping arranged correspondingly in the disk 4, a screw with several tails being used preferably. All elements of the device are made up

preferably steel.

  For aesthetic reasons it can still be advantageous if the tapping 8 is configured as a blind hole, so that the outer surface, in the mounting position of the disk 5, is smoothly face and, of course, not. It is also possible, thanks to the connecting elements configured according to the invention, to connect one to the other of the beams, with resistance to bending, of the welding elements 10 being welded for example to the end of eçx pqutres to connect to each other,

  which elements include a circular segment of 180.

  When assembling such beams with the corresponding screws 4, 5, a continuous connection is created which resists axial and radial bending of the connecting element. It is also possible to equip beams with welding elements 10 which have rib elements on the 900 of a circular segment, the free space between the two segments of 90 can then be occupied by corresponding filling elements.

(elements of 90 also).

  It is particularly advantageous, when tensile stresses occur, that the transition between the curved welded part 10 and the segment-shaped ribbed element 11 has a radius of 10 mm for example.

  discs are chamfered conically depending on the radius.

  The conical chamfering of the discs 4, S in the radially outer zone must then go from the inner abutment edge on the ribbed element 11 to a third

  maximum of the height of the discs 4 and 5, respectively.

  By chamfering the discs 4 and 5, a complementary mounting aid is obtained. In addition, it is possible that the adaptation of the element to be welded 10, the hook 3 and the recesses 9 of the discs 4, 5 are made in such a way that, when tensile stresses are exerted, the sidewalls loaded in the direction of the traction of the hooks 3 are bearing on the edges of the recesses 9, while under compressive stress, the surface of the elements to be welded 10 rests on the radially outer face of the discs 4, 5. The front edge of the hooks, in the direction of the compressive stress of the 3, thus have some clearance with respect to the corresponding side of the recess 9 of the

discs 4, 5.

  This variant embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 13.

  The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments, but has many variations in the context of the disclosure. All new individual characteristics and

  combined disclosed in the description and / or drawing

  are considered an integral part of the invention.

Claims (11)

claims   1. Device for the connection of beams of prefabricated lattice constructions, hooks being fixed to the free end of the upper chord and the lower chord of each beam, said hooks inserted into the recesses of gussets, two gussets of a knot each being assembled by means of a screw passing through them at their center, characterized in that the gussets are in the form of circular disks (4, 5), one of which has a central orifice (7) a screwthread and the other a central thread (8) for the screw (6), and which have, concentrically with respect to the central orifice and tapping, groove-like recesses (9) in the turned faces towards each other, the hooks (3) on the beam side are formed by projecting elements (11, for example), in circular segments, fixed at each end of the frame, with hooks (3) curved with way to match the shape of the cann the said hooks being interposable between the gussets (4, 5, for example) and insertable in their recesses in the form of flutes (9). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the groove-shaped recesses (9) of a pair of discs (4, 5), as well as the discs themselves are formed and arranged so as to overlap the each others.   Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each circular segment-shaped protruding element (11, for example) covers at least a quarter   circle of the corresponding disc (4 and 5 respectively).   4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that the connecting portion (10) of each segment-shaped protruding element (11, for example) is bent in the area adjacent to the chord (1, 2 respectively, for example) of the beam of in order to correspond to the external shape of the discs (4, 5), the discs (4, 5) in fixing position, in particular, being in flush assembly with one, respectively, the other edge of the bent part and the elements of the construction forming the chord (1, 2) being also flush with the arched part.   5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that the hooks (3) have a free length substantially corresponding to the thickness of   the projecting element (11) supporting them.   6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that the discs (4, 5) have a thickness   approximately triple the protruding element (11).   7. Device according to one of claims I to 6,   characterized in that the flutes (9) and the hooks (3) are conical in shape.   8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7,   characterized in that the flutes are slightly more   deep as the hook free length.   9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8,   characterized in that the heads of the bolts (6) each of which are connected to the upper chord and the lower chord (1, 2 respectively) of a beam are arranged on the inner face of the beam, and that the disk (5) having a tapping (8) is arranged externally.   10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9,   characterized in that the inner disks (4, 5 respectively) of a gusset are connected to each other by a connecting bar (12).   11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10,   characterized in that the outer disks (4, 5 respectively) are connected by a support (18) and a amount (17), respectively.