EP4105731B1 - Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement - Google Patents

Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP4105731B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: escapement; natural; wheel; impulse; rest
Prior art date: 2021-06-17
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Active

Application number

EP21180088.3A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP4105731A1 (fr

Inventor

Jérôme Macé

Alain Zaugg

Quentin Theurillat-Bonjour

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Montres Breguet SA

Original Assignee

Montres Breguet SA

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

2021-06-17

Filing date

2021-06-17

Publication date

2024-01-03

2021-06-17 Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA

2021-06-17 Priority to EP21180088.3A priority Critical patent/EP4105731B1/fr

2022-01-27 Priority to US17/585,839 priority patent/US12117771B2/en

2022-02-07 Priority to JP2022016847A priority patent/JP7386907B2/ja

2022-03-21 Priority to CN202210304550.7A priority patent/CN115494716B/zh

2022-12-21 Publication of EP4105731A1 publication Critical patent/EP4105731A1/fr

2024-01-03 Application granted granted Critical

2024-01-03 Publication of EP4105731B1 publication Critical patent/EP4105731B1/fr

Status Active legal-status Critical Current

2041-06-17 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Images

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
- G04B15/08—Lever escapements
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B13/00—Gearwork

Definitions

the present invention relates to a natural escapement for a watch movement, also known by its name tangential impulse escapement.
the present invention also relates to a watch movement comprising such an escapement.
Breguet's natural escapement has the particular advantage of being a free escapement to the extent that the balance wheel is only disturbed by the operation of the escapement over a small fraction of its oscillation. Breguet's natural escapement also has the advantage of giving each alternation a direct and tangential impulse to the balance wheel. In other words, energy is transferred directly from the escape wheel to the balance wheel, without passing through an anchor. Furthermore, the transmission of energy occurs only tangentially, so that the friction generated by the operation of this exhaust is limited.
the balance of a natural escapement does not have a wasted stroke; it receives a similar impulse at each alternation, in a symmetrical and more uniform manner, so that the losses of mechanical energy per lost stroke are eliminated. All these qualities make the natural exhaust potentially one of the most efficient exhausts.
the present invention aims to remedy the problems mentioned above as well as others by providing a natural escapement for a clock movement whose operation can in particular be adjusted more precisely.
the present invention relates to a natural escapement for a watch movement carrying out a succession of operating cycles each composed of a first and a second alternation of a balance wheel which comprises a balance wheel on an axis of which a balance plate is fitted, this natural escapement comprising a first escape wheel arranged to be driven by a second wheel, this first escape wheel in turn driving a second escape wheel, the balance plate carrying a balance pin by which this balance plate causes the pivoting of an anchor at each of the first and second alternations, at least one first lever, pivoted around a pivot axis, being connected to a first arm of the anchor via at least one pivoting joint, the anchor comprising a second arm extended by a second lever, these first and second levers being arranged to respectively block the first and second escape wheels temporarily during the first and second alternations of an operating cycle, first and second limitation stops respectively limiting the movement of the first and second pivoting levers.
the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a natural escapement of the type described above.
the present invention provides a natural escapement in which it is possible, depending on the dimensions of the different lever arms between the arms of the anchor and the levers, to very precisely adjust the different operating phases of this natural escapement, namely the triggering and stopping sequences of the first and second escape wheels, the sequences of impulses given by the first and second escape wheels to the balance plate, as well as the speeds at which the first and second escape wheels disengage from the first and second levers.
the precise adjustment of the operation of the natural exhaust according to the invention is also permitted in the case where the limiting stops which limit the movement of the first and second pivoting levers are eccentrics.
the first lever is distinct from the second lever, so that the operating phases of the first escape wheel can be fine-tuned and adjusted independently of the operating phases of the second escape wheel, so that, if necessary, operation asymmetrical natural exhaust according to the invention can be obtained.
the anchor is easier to make and much less bulky, so that it is easier to accommodate in a watch movement than when it is placed between the two escape wheels.
the natural escapement according to the invention also offers easier access to watchmakers and allows them to make more convenient measurements and adjustments.
first and second escape wheels are in one piece and comprise a single level of teeth each, these first and second escape wheels are not active in two distinct stepped levels and are therefore less bulky and more easy to machine.
the necessary indexing of the teeth used to transmit the driving impulses to the balance plate when using two superimposed escape wheels is avoided.
the indexing of the single toothing of the first and second escapement wheels which ensures both the meshing of these two drive wheels with each other and the transmission of the driving impulses to the balance plate arises from the very shape of this toothing.
the present invention proceeds from the general inventive idea which consists of providing at least one of the arms of the anchor with a natural escapement also known by its name tangential impulse escapement of a lever pivoted around an axis of pivoting and connected to the anchor arm via at least one pivoting joint. Thanks to this characteristic, it is possible, by adjusting the lever arm between the arm of the anchor and the lever which is connected to this arm, to very finely adjust the different phases of operation of the natural escapement according to the invention Likewise, the first and second escape wheels being only active at a single level, they are thinner and therefore less bulky and easier to machine. In addition, the indexing of their impulse teeth results from the very shape of their teeth and not from a tedious assembly of two superimposed escape wheels.
the natural exhaust according to the invention is represented in its rest position at the figure 1 .
This natural escapement 1 is arranged to be driven by a second wheel 2 which, according to a preferred but non-limiting embodiment, meshes with a pinion 4 fixedly mounted on an axis 6 of a first escapement wheel 10.
This first escape wheel 10 meshes via a first drive toothing 12 with a second drive toothing 14 of a second escape wheel 16 which pivots around an axis 18.
the natural escapement 1 also comprises a balance wheel 20 which comprises a balance wheel 22 on an axis 24 to which a balance plate 26 is fitted.
This balance plate 26 carries a pin of balance 28 as well as a first and a second impulse pallet 30 and 32 whose respective roles will be described below.
the natural escapement 1 also comprises an anchor 34 pivoted around an anchor rod 36.
This anchor 34 comprises an anchor body 38 which carries a fork 40 formed of a first and a second horn 42a and 42b as well as a dart 44.
This dart 44 cooperates with the balance plate 26 in order to prevent accidental movements of the fork 40 outside of periods commonly called additional arcs, periods during which the balance plate balance 26 is close to its rest position called lifting angle.
the anchor body 38 comprises a first and a second arm 46a and 46b which are preferably but not limited to arranged symmetrically on either side of the fork 40.
First and second levers 48a, 48b, pivoted around The respective pivot axes 50 and 52 are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 via a pivot joint 53.
the first lever 48a is made in one piece and has a geometry which ensures the function of a first stop pallet for temporarily blocking the first escape wheel 10 during an operating cycle of the natural exhaust 1
the second lever 48b has a geometry which ensures the function of a second stop pallet to temporarily block the second escape wheel 16 during the same operating cycle of the natural exhaust 1.
the first and second levers 48a, 48b each carry a lug 54, respectively 56, which projects into an oblong opening 58, respectively 60, formed in the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38.
the lugs 54 and 56 could be carried by the first and second arms 46a, 46b, and the oblong openings 58, 60 could be provided in the first and second levers 48a, 48b.
the first and second levers 48a, 48b are able to pivot relative to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38.
the oblong openings 58, 60 can be replaced by forks 72 in which bulges 73 provided at the ends facing the first and second levers 48a, 48b are engaged.
first and second levers 48a, 48b are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 by means of flexible blades 74.
This embodiment makes it possible to produce the anchor body 38 and the first and second levers 48a, 48b in one piece.
the pivot joints 53 by which the first and second levers 48a, 48b are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 are each formed of two gear portions which together constitute a rake 75.
the natural exhaust 1 is completed by a first and a second limitation stop 62 and 64 of the pin type which limit the movement of the first and second levers 48a, 48b in pivoting.
An operating cycle of the natural exhaust 1 comprises two alternations during which the plate of balance 26 will go successively from a first extreme position to a second extreme position passing through a median rest position, then from its second extreme position to its first extreme position passing a second time through its median rest position.
the balance plate 26 rotates towards its central rest position by rotating clockwise, while the second escapement wheel 16 rests on the second lever 48b.
the balance plate 26 arrives in a position in which it abuts with its balance pin 28 against the second horn 42b of the fork 40 and begins to cause the pivoting of the anchor 34 in the counterclockwise direction. .
the pivoting of the anchor 34 in the counterclockwise direction has the effect of starting to release the second escapement wheel 16 from its grip with the second lever 48b, which will allow the second wheel 2 to drive, via the first escape wheel 10, the second escape wheel 16 clockwise.
the natural escapement 1 is in a position in which the balance plate 26 drives the anchor 34, which causes the start of the first fall by disengagement of the second escape wheel 16 from its grip with the second lever 48b .
fall we mean the periods of operation of the natural exhaust 1 according to the invention during which the first and second escape wheels 10 and 16 are not in contact with either of the first and second levers 48a, 48b, nor with one or the other of the first and second impulse pallets 30, 32.
the first escape wheel 10 also begins to give a driving impulse to the balance plate 26 via a tooth 66 of impulse and rest teeth 68 which drives the first pulse paddle 30 (see Figure 4 ).
This driving impulse is called direct and tangential because it is given directly by the first escape wheel 10 to the balance plate 26 and the path of the tooth 66 catches up with that of the first impulse pallet 30 of the balance plate 26 of tangentially, which allows almost punctual and frictionless contact.
the arrival of the tooth 66 of the first escape wheel 10 in contact with the first impulse vane 30 of the balance plate 26 marks the end of the first fall.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the natural escapement 1 according to the invention in its position in which the first escapement wheel 10 imparts the impulse to the balance plate 26, while the second lever 48b pivots around its pivot axis 52 and comes to bear against the second limitation stop 64.
This movement is controlled by the anchor 34 which, driven by the balance pin 28, pivots around its anchor rod 36 in the counterclockwise direction of a watch.
the first escape wheel 10 finishes imparting an impulse to the balance plate 26, which marks the start of the second fall.
the tooth 66 of the first escape wheel 10 is no longer in contact with the first impulse vane 30 of the balance plate 26.
the second lever 48b rests on the second stop limitation 64.
Figure 7 is a top view of the natural escapement 1 according to the invention in its median rest position in which the first escape wheel 10 rests on the first lever 48a, which marks the end of the second fall, while the balance plate 26 ends its alternation freely by rotating clockwise.
the following alternation during which the balance plate 26 will rotate counterclockwise reproduces the same functions as those illustrated in figures 2 to 7 symmetrically in reverse order.
FIG 8 schematically illustrates the case where the pivot joints 53 by which the first and second levers 48a, 48b are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor 34 are each formed of a lug 54, 56 which is engaged in a fork 72.
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates the case where the pivot joints 53 by which the first and second levers 48a, 48b are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor 34 are each formed of a flexible blade 74.
FIG. 11 schematically illustrates the case in which the first and second limiting stops 62, 64 are eccentrics 76.
the first and second limiting stops can also be machined in a fixed element such as a plate or a bridge of the watch movement.
FIG. 12 schematically illustrates the case where a second stop pallet 78 for temporarily blocking the second escape wheel 16 during the first alternation is attached to the second lever 48b, and where a first stop pallet 80 for temporarily blocking the first escape wheel 10 during the second alternation is attached to the first lever 48a.
first and second stop pallets 80 and 78 are for example made of ruby.
FIG. 13 illustrates the case in which the free end of the first and second levers 48a, 48b has a recess 82 which ensures the function of the limitation stops 62, 64 by supporting a tooth of the impulse and rest teeth 68, 70 of the first escape wheel 10, respectively of the second escape wheel 16, on these recesses 82.
This embodiment thus makes it possible to dispense with the limitation stops 62, 64 while retaining a mode of operation similar to that described above in connection with the figures 1 And 7 .
the second lever 48b escapes its blocking position when the anchor 34 pivots clockwise, which has the effect of pivoting this second lever 48b counterclockwise, while the first lever 48a also pivots clockwise. counterclockwise and approaches the first escape wheel 10.
the first and second levers 48a, 48b pivoted around their respective pivot axes 50, 52, are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the body d anchor 38 via a pivoting joint 53 formed of a lug 55 carried by the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 in the example shown, and which projects into a corresponding circular opening 57 provided in the first and second levers 48a, 48b.
FIG. 14 illustrates the case in which the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 68 of the first escape wheel 10 is equal to 10, and the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 70 of the second escape wheel 16 is equal to 3.
the first and second levers 48a, 48b pivoted around their axes of respective pivoting points 50, 52, are connected to the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 via a pivoting joint 53 formed by a lug 55 carried by the first and second arms 46a, 46b of the anchor body 38 in the example shown, and which projects into a corresponding circular opening 57 provided in the first and second levers 48a, 48b.
the first escape wheel 10 comprises a first drive toothing 12 by which it meshes with a second drive toothing 14 of the second escapement wheel 16.
the first and second escapement wheels 10, 16 each comprise impulse and rest teeth 68, 70 by which they provide a direct and tangential driving impulse to the balance plate 26.
the drive teeth 12, 14 and impulse and rest teeth 68, 70 of each of the first and second escapement wheels 10, 16 extending in a single plane or in two parallel planes.
the first and second escape wheels 10, 16 are in one piece.
the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 68 of the first escape wheel 10 may be different from the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 70 of the second escape wheel 16. This number can be between 3 and 14, for example equal to 10.
the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 68 of the first escape wheel 10 is equal to 10 and the number of teeth of the impulse and rest teeth 70 of the second escapement wheel 16 is equal to 3.
the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising a natural escapement 1 of the type described above.

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Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Transmission Devices (AREA)

EP21180088.3A 2021-06-17 2021-06-17 Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement Active EP4105731B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP21180088.3A EP4105731B1 (fr)	2021-06-17	2021-06-17	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement
US17/585,839 US12117771B2 (en)	2021-06-17	2022-01-27	Natural escapement for a horological movement and horological movement comprising such an escapement
JP2022016847A JP7386907B2 (ja)	2021-06-17	2022-02-07	計時器用ムーブメントのための自然エスケープメント及びかかるエスケープメントを備える計時器用ムーブメント
CN202210304550.7A CN115494716B (zh)	2021-06-17	2022-03-21	用于钟表机芯的自然式擒纵机构和包括这种擒纵机构的钟表机芯

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
EP21180088.3A EP4105731B1 (fr)	2021-06-17	2021-06-17	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP4105731A1 EP4105731A1 (fr)	2022-12-21
EP4105731B1 true EP4105731B1 (fr)	2024-01-03

Family

ID=76522797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP21180088.3A Active EP4105731B1 (fr)	2021-06-17	2021-06-17	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
US (1)	US12117771B2 (zh)
EP (1)	EP4105731B1 (zh)
JP (1)	JP7386907B2 (zh)
CN (1)	CN115494716B (zh)

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DE2458503A1 (de)	1974-12-11	1976-06-16	Graesslin Feinwerktech	Hemmung, insbesondere fuer zeitlaufwerke
CH1020375A4 (zh) *	1975-08-05	1977-06-30
ES2303518T3 (es)	2001-01-09	2008-08-16	Ulysse Nardin S.A.	Escape para regulador de tiempo o cronometro.
ATE363673T1 (de) *	2003-12-04	2007-06-15	Montres Breguet Sa	Chronometerhemmung für armbanduhren
EP1967919B1 (fr) *	2007-03-09	2009-06-03	ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse	Echappement à impulsions tangentielles
DE602007004447D1 (de) *	2007-04-18	2010-03-11	Eta Sa Mft Horlogere Suisse	Ankerhemmung für Uhren
CH701921B1 (fr)	2009-10-09	2014-07-31	Télôs Watch SA	Echappement à ancre et pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel échappement.
EP2487546B1 (fr)	2011-02-11	2021-06-30	Montres Journe S.A.	Echappement bi-axial à haute performance, soit EBHP
JP6206877B2 (ja)	2014-03-06	2017-10-04	セイコーインスツル株式会社	脱進機、時計用ムーブメントおよび時計
JP6347439B2 (ja)	2014-03-06	2018-06-27	セイコーインスツル株式会社	脱進機、時計用ムーブメントおよび時計
JP6869758B2 (ja) *	2017-03-13	2021-05-12	セイコーインスツル株式会社	脱進機、時計用ムーブメント及び時計
CH714200B1 (fr)	2017-09-29	2021-02-15	Louis Vuitton Malletier Sa	Dispositif d'échappement pour mouvement de montre mécanique comportant un échappement avec deux mobiles d'échappement.

2021
- 2021-06-17 EP EP21180088.3A patent/EP4105731B1/fr active Active
2022
- 2022-01-27 US US17/585,839 patent/US12117771B2/en active Active
- 2022-02-07 JP JP2022016847A patent/JP7386907B2/ja active Active
- 2022-03-21 CN CN202210304550.7A patent/CN115494716B/zh active Active

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP4105731A1 (fr)	2022-12-21
US20220404771A1 (en)	2022-12-22
CN115494716B (zh)	2023-10-10
JP2023001000A (ja)	2023-01-04
JP7386907B2 (ja)	2023-11-27
CN115494716A (zh)	2022-12-20
US12117771B2 (en)	2024-10-15

Publication	Publication Date	Title
EP2105806B1 (fr)	2013-11-13	Mécanisme d'échappement
EP2487546B1 (fr)	2021-06-30	Echappement bi-axial à haute performance, soit EBHP
EP3182213B2 (fr)	2020-10-21	Mécanisme de réglage d'une vitesse moyenne dans un mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie
EP2652559B1 (fr)	2019-04-24	Ancre et échappement muni d'une telle ancre
CH709328B1 (fr)	2020-03-31	Echappement, mouvement de pièce d'horlogerie et pièce d'horlogerie.
EP4198641A1 (fr)	2023-06-21	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement
CH704304B1 (fr)	2012-06-29	Mécanisme de chronographe, mouvement horloger et pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un tel mécanisme.
CH703406B1 (fr)	2015-04-30	Pièce d'horlogerie comprenant un mécanisme de sonnerie.
CH711594B1 (fr)	2021-07-15	Ancre, échappement régulateur, tourbillon, mouvement, et pièce d'horlogerie.
CH703361A2 (fr)	2011-12-30	Mouvement horloger presentant des fonctions de chronographe et de compte-a-rebours.
EP4105731B1 (fr)	2024-01-03	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement
EP0218926A1 (fr)	1987-04-22	Dispositif d'entraînement intermittent d'un indicateur de temps
EP4053644B1 (fr)	2023-09-27	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement
CH718266B1 (fr)	2022-07-29	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement.
EP4053643B1 (fr)	2023-11-29	Echappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel echappement
EP3781994B1 (fr)	2022-03-23	Mécanisme d'échappement à ancre de repos et pièce d'horlogerie dotée d'un tel mécanisme d'échappement
EP4053642A1 (fr)	2022-09-07	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement
CH718400A2 (fr)	2022-09-15	Echappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement.
CH717785B1 (fr)	2022-03-15	Echappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement.
CH717787B1 (fr)	2022-03-15	Echappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement.
EP1475681A1 (fr)	2004-11-10	Montre-chronographe à affichage instantané de fractions de seconde
CH718579B1 (fr)	2023-03-15	Échappement naturel pour mouvement d'horlogerie et mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel échappement.
EP2249215B1 (fr)	2017-07-19	Montre-chronographe à affichage instantané de fractions de seconde
EP3599514B1 (fr)	2023-06-07	Mécanisme d échappement à ressorts bistable et monostable
CH704206A2 (fr)	2012-06-15	Ancre et échappement muni d'une telle ancre.

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