EP3792425B1 - Insert for an element making up a building - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to an insert for a constituent element of a construction, preferably a facade panel.

Prior art

Generally, a facade panel of a construction comprises a connecting piece inserted into the panel intended to hook an anchoring device to fix the panel to a wall of the construction. The connecting piece comprises two fixed metal elements which are arranged in parallel, each comprising a portion embedded and/or buried within the building material constituting the facade panel, and a semi-annular portion configured to accommodate and stabilize one end of a pin. This pin serves as a support for a fixing device called a “mounting system”. The latter comprises a metal bar, one end of which is folded over on itself to form a ring surrounding the pin. At the other end of the metal bar is inserted a plate. The latter is attached to the wall of the construction (for example, via an anchor or any other suitable means). A metal lath being welded to one of said two fixed metal elements is then pushed, for example with a hammer, against the pin and one of the semi-annular portions so as to ensure that this pin remains in place.

The connecting piece must be fixed and inserted and/or embedded in the construction material constituting the facade panel while allowing the semi-annular portions to be accessible to insert the pin therein. This is the reason why it is known to at least partially enclose these semi-annular portions in a block of expanded polystyrene which extends the edges of the front panel. Thus, when fixing the front panel on site, it suffices for a site worker to scrape the expanded polystyrene by means of a scraper (or any other suitable means) so as to release the semi-annular portions and insert the pin previously surrounded in the end of the metal bar folded on itself.

Said connecting piece, said metal slat and said expanded polystyrene block form an insert of the front panel for its attachment to the construction. This insert and its use as described nevertheless have several disadvantages. First, performing the assembly process of the mounting system and the pin with the insert is complex and time consuming. In particular, the time required to release the semi-annular portions of the expanded polystyrene is significant. It also happens that you have to make several attempts before correctly placing the pin between the two semi-annular portions. Secondly, the use of the insert is not ecological. Indeed, it requires scraping expanded polystyrene which then flies away on the construction site and disperses in nature. In addition, the polystyrene block has a fragile behavior and risks deteriorating during transport or their implementation, which can make assembly of the pin impossible.

The patent AT370471B partially addresses these problems by providing a connection system arranged in a recess of the front panel and comprising a connection piece comparable to that described above, maintaining a kind of pin by its ends. The latter are of a particular shape and are riveted at the level of the semi-annular portions. An eyelet surrounds this pin and can slide in a determined position along it. The eyelet accommodates a clamping screw, which facilitates subsequent attachment of the front panel using a mounting system. However, this connection system remains complex to assemble on site or beforehand during the manufacture of the facade panel. In addition, the existence of the recess complicates the manufacture of the front panel. The use of an expanded polystyrene block as described above appears to be necessary to fill the recess while allowing safe handling of the facade panel.

Requirement DE3608953A1 discloses such a connection system arranged in a recess of the facade panel improved compared to that of the patent AT370471B , and this by a partial substitution of the pin and the connecting piece by a support pin projecting from two sides of the recess. As before, the recess is created by inserting a rigid plastic foam. Discs are to be provided laterally to fix the support axis to this foam during the manufacture of the front panel. The support shaft is formed, for its part, of several parts cooperating mechanically together. This system nevertheless reproduces the defects of the connection systems of the prior art in terms of complexity in the manufacture of the connection system itself and of the facade panel, as well as in its use on site.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an insert for a constituent element of a construction, for example a facade panel, which is simpler, faster and more ecological to manufacture and to use.

• l'axe traverse la cavité et la boîte par deux orifices opposés de celle-ci ;
• la pièce de raccordement est agencée au moins partiellement dans la cavité, couplée mécaniquement à l'axe dans la cavité, et apte à tourner autour de l'axe.

To this end, the invention proposes an insert for a constituent element of a construction comprising an axis and a connecting piece mechanically coupled to the axis, further comprising a box at least partially delimiting a cavity; and in which:

• the axis passes through the cavity and the box by two opposite orifices thereof;
• the connecting piece is arranged at least partially in the cavity, mechanically coupled to the axis in the cavity, and capable of rotating around the axis.

The insert according to the invention is both simpler, faster and more ecological to manufacture and to use, in particular for fixing a facade panel to a construction. Indeed, with regard to the prior art described, it is no longer necessary to at least partially enclose a connecting piece in a block of expanded polystyrene because the box plays this role during the manufacture of the constituent element of building. It is then sufficient to open and/or break the box on a construction site (if it is not partially open) to access the connecting piece, which is simpler, faster and more ecological given the wide range of materials that are both manageable and ecological from which it can be made. The box therefore makes it possible to facilitate the manufacture of the front panel and the use of the insert, while making it possible to directly and simply support the axis without requiring the provision of a complex assembly of a pin with a connection system such as described in the prior art. The insert according to the present invention further provides a connection piece which allows simple and rapid connection (preferably a male-female connection) with a fixing and/or anchoring device. In the particular case of a mounting system, the metal bar can cooperate directly with the part of connection. For example, in a preferred embodiment where the connecting piece is tubular, the metal bar can be inserted therein, for example, by screwing and/or by clipping. Since the connecting piece can also rotate around the axis, it is also possible to adjust the orientation of the fixing and/or anchoring device with respect to the constituent element of a construction comprising the insert. The pin and its mechanical coupling with the connecting piece are very advantageously provided in the insert, which makes it possible to simply and effectively replace the pin mounting system of the prior art and to eliminate the site steps necessary for its installation. placement.

It follows that the insert according to the present invention allows a small number and little complexity of the various operations necessary on site. In particular, these operations and/or the method of using the insert according to the invention comprise (and, preferably, consist of): opening the box (if it is closed) to access the connecting piece , rotate the latter around the axis, cause a fixing and/or anchoring device to cooperate with the connecting piece (for example, by screwing and/or clipping). This insert is therefore simple and quick to use, with no significant ecological impact.

Preferably, the box can be made of at least one recyclable or recycled material which is ecological and respectful of and/or not harmful to the environment, unlike expanded polystyrene particles. Such a material consists, for example, of wood and/or plastic. Preferably, the box is made of recycled plastic. The box and/or the cavity are optionally preferably parallelepipedic, which can facilitate the design of the box. In general, such a box is easy, quick and inexpensive to manufacture. It generates little waste and additional weight to the insert, and therefore to the constituent element of the construction. Optionally, the box comprises a code, for example, a color, on an external face making it possible to visually identify the type of constituent element of construction for which the insert is intended.

Preferably, the box is delivered completely closed, the connecting piece then being completely arranged in the cavity. Preferably, the cavity is therefore completely delimited by the box upon delivery of the constituent element of the construction. It is indeed easier to design such an element from a cast and solidified construction material such as concrete by embedding the closed box therein. In addition, the closure of the box guarantees that the connecting piece will remain in the cavity during all the stages of manufacture of the element and its transport to the site, without protruding from one face of the element. It is indeed advantageous for the transport and storage of such elements that no part protrudes because it could break and/or complicate the storage and/or transport, as well as the placement of these elements on site. To avoid any movement of the connecting piece around the axis during this step, the box also preferably comprises removable and/or slidable side reinforcements arranged to hold the connecting piece in a fixed position in the cavity.

1. (a) un couvercle amovible recouvrant une ouverture de la boîte ;
2. (b) une paroi externe cassable (pour créer un orifice de la boîte).

According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the box comprises a means of access to the cavity. Preferably, this means of access consists of at least one of:

1. (a) a removable lid covering an opening of the box;
2. (b) a breakable outer wall (to create a hole in the box).

The opening and/or the orifice communicates with the cavity. The connecting piece is preferably completely arranged in the cavity (when the box is closed), this embodiment being prior to the use of the insert on site. In other words, and more preferably, the means of access to the cavity is able to close the box so that the latter completely delimits the cavity, the connecting piece being completely arranged in the cavity when the box is closed.

In case (a), the opening is preferably pre-existing in the sense that it is made in the box, for example, during manufacture of the box, and then covered by a lid. The cover is preferably a face portion (preferably one face) of the box screwed and/or clipped and/or slid onto the contour of the opening of the box and/or onto the side edges of the box (for example, by means of screws and/or reliefs dug on an external face of the box), so that it is easy to move and/or slide on site. Optionally, the box includes hinges mechanically coupled to the cover to allow it to pivot around an axis or a fulcrum. Generally, any type of cover and/or any type of stabilization of the cover on the opening known can be used within the scope of this invention.

In case (b), the outer wall preferably consists of a face portion (preferably, a face) of the box which is thinner than the rest of the box and/or which is made of a material of low solidity and/or which is membraned, so that it is very easy to break and/or break by means of a construction tool, for example, a hammer and/or a knife, from the outside of the box, so as to release an opening of the box. Optionally, the box can be made homogeneously, without the structure of the wall referred to in (b) being distinguished in any particular way from the rest of the box. In particular, in this case, any face of the box preferably consists of a wall that can easily be broken off with a construction tool. According to another preferred embodiment of case (b), the box comprises two plastic half-shells fitting one inside the other to define the cavity, one of these two half-shells being made of a plastic thinner and/or more fragile than the other, so that it constitutes said breakable outer wall. In addition, this half-shell can optionally also be assimilated to a removable lid of the box.

In both cases (a) and (b), said opening is preferably large enough for several fingers of one hand, preferably one hand, to be able to pass through it, so as to easily manipulate the connecting piece in the cavity . In particular, the opening is preferably larger than a disc 5 centimeters in diameter. Means of access other than those mentioned in (a) and (b) can be fully used within the scope of the invention. Preferably, such a means of access will include the existence or the possibility of creating such an opening.

In both case (a) and case (b), the box includes means of access to the cavity so that, once delivered to the site, the box can be broken and/or opened to gain access to the part connection. As the latter is capable of rotating around the axis, it is then possible to arrange it so as to connect and/or mechanically couple an anchoring device. According to one embodiment, in this case, preferably when the insert is used on site or after installation of the constituent element of the construction, the box comprises an opening (for example, the one which was covered by a lid that the 'one has moved (case (a)) or that which has been practiced by breaking the wall (case (b)), and / or the connecting piece extends partially out of the cavity, through the opening.

The connecting piece preferably extends transversely to the axis, more preferably perpendicular to the axis. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an angle between a direction of extension of the connecting piece perpendicular to the axis and a vertical direction perpendicular to the axis varies by at most 200°. The connecting piece can rotate around the axis, within the limits of the box. Advantageously, it is thus possible to adjust this angle on site in order to connect and/or secure and/or mechanically couple an anchoring device to the connecting piece according to a predetermined orientation with the constituent construction element. This is particularly advantageous for fixing a façade panel to a construction, since the anchoring device must still be able to fit properly to an anchor point on the façade of the construction after its connection and/or its connection and/or its mechanical coupling with the connecting part of the insert. This angle gives enough freedom to make this adjustment. The angle is preferably between 15° and 25° when the facade panel is fixed to the facade (and therefore when the anchoring device connected and/or secured and/or mechanically coupled to the insert is adjusted to an anchor point on the facade). Preferably, there is an interval of values for this angle for which the connecting piece is completely arranged in the cavity (during delivery to the site of the box for example). Preferably in the case where the box comprises an opening as described, there is another interval of values for this angle for which the connecting piece extends partially outside the cavity, through the opening.

Specifically concerning the technical means allowing the connecting piece to be connected and/or secured and/or mechanically coupled to an anchoring and/or fixing device, preferred embodiments are presented below. This connecting piece is more preferably adapted to secure an anchoring and/or fastening device (for example, a mounting system) configured to suspend the constituent element from the construction, preferably consisting of a facade panel.

The connecting piece is preferably tubular. It preferably comprises a threaded internal part. These embodiments are preferably combined. The existence of a threaded internal part is very advantageous. Indeed, thanks to the internal threaded part of the connecting part, it is possible to secure a threaded male part of suitable dimensions, for example a threaded rod in the preferred case where the connecting part is tubular, by simply screwing it and quickly in the internal threaded part. In particular, an anchoring device can thus be used which comprises a threaded rod in a first end part fixed to means for suspending and/or fixing to the construction arranged in a second end part. Thus, in the case of the mounting system as described according to the prior art, it is sufficient simply to thread the end of this metal bar so that it is capable of cooperating effectively with the connecting piece. In addition, the establishment of this cooperation is very easy on site because it suffices for a worker to screw two parts together.

• une tige femelle s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe et consistant en la pièce de raccordement ; et
• un orifice recevant l'axe de façon à réaliser une liaison pivot entre la chape et l'axe dans la cavité.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insert comprises a yoke comprising:

• a female rod extending perpendicular to the axis and consisting of the connecting piece; and
• an orifice receiving the pin so as to produce a pivot connection between the yoke and the pin in the cavity.

Such a female rod preferably comprises a threaded internal part. This embodiment clarifies a preferred mechanical coupling between the pin and the connecting piece, the latter forming an integral part of a yoke intended to receive the pin to produce the pivot connection (that is to say a connection to one degree of freedom, this being the rotation of the yoke around the axis). Said orifice is preferably bordered by a symmetrical U-shape of a plate of the yoke, the female rod being held between the two branches of the U by welding. It is advantageous to use a screed as described because it is quite easy and inexpensive to manufacture. Other embodiments of the connecting piece and of its mechanical coupling with the shaft are possible within the scope of the invention. For example, the connecting piece can be a nut or a threaded female sleeve preferably welded to such a U-shaped plate.

In the context of this document, a “component element of a construction” refers to a part of a construction, for example, part of a wall, a wall, a block, a panel, etc. Preferably, it is This is a facade panel intended to be arranged and/or hung and/or suspended on and/or facing a facade of a support structure, for example a wall of a building. Such a facade panel extends essentially over a surface defining this facade, and has a thickness which is defined and measured perpendicular to the facade, preferably at least 3 centimeters to guarantee sufficient space to arrange and/or insert the insert according to the invention. A "face" of a façade panel designates a surface of this panel extending parallel to the façade, and a "slice" of a façade panel designates another surface of this panel extending essentially perpendicular to the facade. A facade panel preferably comprises two faces: a so-called "interior" face facing the support structure, generally invisible externally (therefore for an observer outside the construction), and a so-called "exterior" face opposite the interior face. , visible externally. The constituent element of the construction in question preferably consists of a cast and solidified construction material so that, during its manufacture, the insert is placed in a mold in which this construction material is cast. Preferably, the latter is a concrete. In the context of this document, the "construction" for which said element is intended is arbitrary. It can be, for example, a building with or without floor, a dam, a monument, ...

In the context of this document, a "box" preferably refers to a rigid container delimiting a cavity capable of accommodating goods, objects, various products. It can be made of a material, for example, wood, cardboard, metal, plastic, ... and / or a combination thereof. The term "cavity" preferably refers to an interior space of a solid body, in this case preferably the box. The term “box” must also be interpreted as being a means of defining the cavity during the production of the constituent element of the construction. In particular, any box which defines a cavity at least partially, so as to make possible the design of a constituent element of the construction falls within the scope of the present invention. It is in particular for this reason that it is not necessary for the cavity to be completely delimited by the box. It may be sufficient to consider a box that has only a few faces to be able to design the constituent element of the construction.

In the context of this document, an "axle" is preferably a mechanical axis, that is to say an elongated mechanical part making it possible to rotate another mechanical part on itself and/or to assemble parts together. mechanical. The axis is preferably metallic and/or cylindrical. In particular, the axis is preferably a rod and/or a bar, preferably of constant diameter. Advantageously, the use of such a pin is easy and inexpensive within the scope of the invention. Its manufacture is also easy and can be made in a chain by cutting a long metal cylinder.

The use, in this document, of the verb “understand”, its variants, as well as its conjugations, can in no way exclude the presence of elements other than those mentioned. The use, in this document, of the indefinite article "un", "une", or of the definite article "le", "la" or "l'", to introduce an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of these elements.

According to several preferred embodiments of the invention, the insert comprises a load take-up support capable of supporting and/or maintaining at least one metal bar external to the cavity. This load take-up support is preferably fixed to the axis and/or to the box. It plays an important role in the case where the constituent element of the construction is a facade panel, and where the insert is configured to accommodate a device for anchoring and/or fixing the facade panel to a facade of the building. . Indeed, in this case, the weight of the facade panel is transferred to the construction via the anchoring and/or fixing device and via the insert. It is therefore important that the weight of the facade panel is optimally transferred to the insert, more precisely to the axle and the connecting piece. To this end, use is made of metal bars which are supported and/or mechanically coupled by the axis via the load-bearing support, to advantageously take up the weight of the panel in an optimal manner according to the extension of these metal bars in the constituent element of the construction towards the axis. Such metal bars advantageously make it possible to take up a significant weight of a facade panel even for a facade panel of small thickness. In order to be able to take up this load from the facade panel (and/or from any constituent element of a construction which would be hung and/or suspended and/or fixed to a support structure by means of the insert according to the invention) , it is therefore preferred to provide an insert advantageously provided with such a load-bearing support.

The metal bars preferably form a sealing reinforcement for the constituent element of the construction. These are preferably high grip bars.

• une portion de sommet s'étendant autour de l'axe et comprenant un orifice central traversé par l'axe ;
• deux pieds qui s'étendent selon des directions transverses à partir de la portion de sommet, au-delà de la cavité, et qui comprennent chacun un orifice extrémal pour accueillir une barre métallique.

Preferably, this load take-up support comprises at least one plate fixed to the box (and/or to the axle) in which at least one orifice is made to accommodate a metal bar external to the cavity (and/or to the box). More preferably, each (such, at least one) plate extends perpendicular to the axis and comprises:

• a top portion extending around the axis and comprising a central orifice through which the axis passes;
• two feet which extend in transverse directions from the top portion, beyond the cavity, and which each comprise an end orifice to accommodate a metal bar.

Advantageously, the manufacture of such a plate is easy and inexpensive. It can be carried out for example by cutting out a shape in a large sheet of material. Preferably, the material constituting each plate is metallic. It is preferably the same material which constitutes the axis. Preferably, each plate is placed against (one face of) the box. Preferably, each plate is external to the cavity.

According to a first optional sub-embodiment, each plate is welded (and therefore fixed) to the axis, preferably at the level of the central orifice. Advantageously, it is then not necessary to carry out the welding all around the central orifice, and preferably, each plate is welded to the axis only by a spot weld, so that the insert either in one piece and can be inserted (for example, cast) into a construction material constituting the constituent element of the construction.

According to a second very preferred sub-embodiment, the box comprises at least one lateral protrusion which preferably extends externally from an outer face of the box, preferably of cylindrical shape, and each plate comprises an opening for socket for connect the plate against the box by fitting such a lateral projection into the fitting hole of the plate, so that the insert is integral and can be inserted (for example, cast) into a construction material constituting the constituent element of the construction. Each plate is thus fixed to the box by such interlocking. Several such "fastening on / to the box" can be considered, for example, a simple clipping. The latter is also preferred. In this case, there is preferably no direct fixing of any plate on the axle. Each plate is preferably in simple direct contact with the axis, the latter passing through a central orifice of a top portion of the plate when the latter comprises one as described above.

The box is particularly advantageous because, in addition to at least partially delimiting the cavity and supporting and maintaining the axis, it also makes it possible to easily attach each plate to the outside of the cavity.

According to another example of "fixing on/to the box", in the preferred case where the box is made of a plastic material, each lateral protrusion optionally passes completely through an interlocking orifice of a plate, one end of the lateral protrusion being then heated and/or melted, and then pressed against the plate so as to form a rivet which ensures a good fixing of the plate against the box (without the need either for welding (or more generally for fixing) of the plate with the axis as proposed in the first sub-embodiment). A less skilled worker (unqualified to weld, for example) can easily perform this assembly of each plate with the axis and the box during the manufacture of the insert. In addition, this avoids any excessive heat input (coming for example from welding) near a plastic box which could melt.

Each pair of a lateral protrusion and a corresponding interlocking orifice by interlocking is advantageously configured to allow a worker to avoid any error in mounting the plates on the box. Indeed, the plates are preferably of a particular, non-symmetrical shape, as discussed below and faithfully illustrated in the figures introduced below. As explained below, to ensure good load pick-up by the plates, it is important that they are correctly oriented against the box. When a plate includes feet, these must be correctly oriented. A nesting orifice and an associated lateral protrusion are therefore preferably of a specific shape (more preferably adapted to fixing by clipping) so as to correspond only to each other, and to only allow a connection of a plate on the box only in a certain orientation of the plate. The position of the interlocking orifice on the plate is preferably also chosen for this latter purpose. It is therefore not possible to connect a plate to such a lateral protrusion by one of the orifices provided to receive a metal bar, nor to connect the plate in an unsuitable orientation against the box.

The specific shape of each plate (comprising feet and a top portion) according to the above-mentioned more preferred embodiment is quite particularly adapted to allow optimum transmission of internal forces from the constituent element of the construction to the axis ( then to the connecting piece, then to an anchoring and/or fixing device secured and/or mechanically coupled to this connecting piece) by means of metal bars which pass through said central and lateral orifices, and this while avoiding the transmission of parasitic forces. The crown portion makes a connection of the plate with the axis for the transmission of these internal forces, while the two legs extend in directions which are specifically determined to spread these internal forces according to predetermined force components.

1. (i) un des deux pieds s'étend selon une direction horizontale perpendiculaire à l'axe et à la direction verticale précédemment introduite,
2. (ii) l'autre des deux pieds s'étend transversalement à la direction horizontale et perpendiculairement à l'axe.

More specifically, preferably:

1. (i) one of the two feet extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis and to the previously introduced vertical direction,
2. (ii) the other of the two feet extends transversely to the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the axis.

More precisely still, the direction of extension (i) is such that the extremal orifice of this foot is adapted to accommodate an axial metal bar parallel to the axis (and perpendicular to the plate). More precisely still, the direction of extension (ii) is such that the extremal orifice of this foot is adapted to accommodate a curved portion of a U-shaped metal gravity bar, the latter comprising two parallel straight portions between they, perpendicular to the axis and to the horizontal direction, and connected by the curved portion. Preferably, the directions of extension form between them an angle comprised between 40 and 90°, optionally around 50°. The aforesaid vertical direction is typically that around which the direction of extension of the connecting piece varies by an angle θ in a plane parallel to the vertical plane (preferably with θ ∈ [-20°, 160°]), in the direction where, for the value θ = 0, the vertical and extension directions of the connecting piece correspond.

It should be emphasized that the directions of extension (i) and (iii) are very advantageous for allowing transmission of internal forces between the constituent element of the construction and an anchoring and/or fastening device secured and/or or mechanically coupled to the connecting piece. Indeed, the direction of extension (i) makes it possible to pass a metal bar parallel to the axis, close to and at the same vertical height as the axis. All the forces involved (due both to the internal forces captured by the metal bars and to a tensile force of the anchoring and/or fixing device) are all transmitted directly by the plates and by the axis, without the intermediary of a construction material which would constitute the constituent element of the construction, and from points of support close to the axis. This transmission and direct connection, with the support points of the forces close together, makes it possible to reduce the risks of deformation of the insert (for example of the axis) between these forces. In particular, the diagram of forces exerted at the level of the insert is clearly optimized, for example in comparison with that of the patent AT370471B of the prior art.

The load take-up support preferably comprises two such similar plates according to the invention being arranged symmetrically on either side the other side of the cavity (and/or the box, and/or against the box). Thus, the loads and forces internal to the constituent element of the construction can be taken up and transmitted to the axis in a symmetrical and balanced manner.

The present invention also proposes a constituent element of a construction, preferably a facade panel of the construction, comprising an insert according to the invention. All of the preferred embodiments and all of the advantages of the insert according to the invention transpose mutatis mutandis to the present element.

Preferably, the element is formed from a cast and solidified construction material such as concrete, the insert being placed beforehand in a location (for example, a formwork and/or a mould) in which this construction material is cast. construction, then drowned in the latter. Preferably, an edge of the element borders the box and/or the cavity of the insert, which allows easy access to the cavity on site, for example by opening and/or breaking the box. Preferably, reinforcing bars (metal) are also placed beforehand in this location and then embedded in the construction material. When the latter is concrete, the element then consists of so-called “reinforced” concrete and comprises an insert according to the invention. The box of the insert may include (small) lugs (or protrusions) extending outside the cavity to facilitate the integration of the insert into the constituent element of the construction during its manufacture by a formwork. These tabs can be used to optimize the attachment of the insert to the formwork, and are in this case preferably (easily) breakable in order to be able to later dissociate the formwork from the box of the insert.

According to the preferred embodiment where the insert comprises a load take-up support, the element preferably comprises at least one metal bar supported by the load take-up support. Each such metal bar preferably forms part of the set of reinforcing bars (to form reinforced concrete, for example) when the element includes them. Thus, part of the rebars of the element are used to transmit loads from the element to the axis via the plates of the load transfer support. As explained above, the metal bars supported by the load-bearing support are preferably embedded in a cast and solidified construction material constituting the constituent element of the construction.

• une barre métallique axiale s'étend parallèlement à l'axe et qui traverse les orifices extrémaux d'un des pieds de chaque plaque ;
• deux barres métalliques de gravité, dont chacune comprend deux portions droites parallèles qui s'étendent perpendiculairement à l'axe, et une portion courbe qui relie les deux portions droites de façon à conférer une forme de U à chaque barre métalliques de gravité,
  • la portion courbe d'une première des barres métalliques de gravité traversant l'orifice extrémal de l'autre des pieds d'une des plaques, et la portion courbe d'une deuxième des barres métalliques de gravité traversant
  • l'orifice extrémal l'autre des pieds de l'autre des plaques.

Preferably, according to the embodiment of the insert for which the load take-up support comprises two plates each comprising a top portion and two feet as described in this description of the invention, the metal bars comprise:

• an axial metal bar extends parallel to the axis and which passes through the end orifices of one of the feet of each plate;
• two metal gravity bars, each of which comprises two parallel straight portions which extend perpendicularly to the axis, and a curved portion which connects the two straight portions so as to confer a U-shape on each metal gravity bar,
  • the curved portion of a first of the metal gravity bars crossing the extremal orifice of the other of the feet of one of the plates, and the curved portion of a second of the metal gravity bars crossing
  • the extremal orifice the other of the feet of the other of the plates.

The metal bars thus arranged are maintained in a symmetrical way allowing a transmission of internal forces to the element in an optimal and homogeneous way according to a decomposition of forces into components parallel and perpendicular to the axis, and preferably according to the directions of extensions. of the faces of the element when it constitutes a facade panel.

• un élément constitutif d'une construction selon l'invention, et
• une pièce d'ancrage pour coopérer avec la pièce de raccordement.

Finally, the present invention also provides a kit comprising:

• a constituent element of a construction according to the invention, and
• an anchoring piece to cooperate with the connecting piece.

• une première partie extrémale pour coopérer avec la pièce de raccordement de façon à être solidarisée avec cette dernière ;
• une deuxième partie extrémale configurée pour être suspendue et/ou fixée à une façade de la construction.

All the preferred embodiments and all the advantages of the insert and of the element according to the present invention transpose mutatis mutandis to the kit. According to a particular embodiment, the anchoring part is a mounting system. Preferably, the anchor is configured to fix and/or support the element at/on the construction. Preferably, the anchoring part comprises:

• a first end part for cooperating with the connecting piece so as to be secured to the latter;
• a second end part configured to be suspended and/or fixed to a facade of the construction.

The second end part is preferably a plate. More preferably, when the connecting part comprises a threaded internal part, the first end part is a threaded rod capable of being screwed into the connecting part. Thus, the anchoring device can be fastened very easily and quickly to the element by means of the insert, to fix and/or support the element to/on the construction. The assembly made up of the insert and this anchoring piece is called the “hanger”.

Brief description of figures

• la figure 1A illustre une vue schématique tridimensionnelle d'un insert selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention ;
• la figure 1B illustre une vue schématique tridimensionnelle de l'insert de la figure 1A comprenant des barres métalliques soutenues par un support de reprise de charge ;
• la figure 2 illustre une vue schématique de côté de l'insert de la figure 1A ;
• la figure 3 illustre une vue schématique de dos de l'insert de la figure 1A ;
• la figure 4 une vue schématique de côté de l'insert de la figure 1A compris dans un élément constitutif d'une construction, ce dernier étant compris dans un kit selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures, among which:

• the Figure 1A illustrates a three-dimensional schematic view of an insert according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
• the figure 1B illustrates a three-dimensional schematic view of the insert of the Figure 1A comprising metal bars supported by a load bearing support;
• the figure 2 illustrates a schematic side view of the insert of the Figure 1A ;
• the picture 3 illustrates a schematic rear view of the insert of the Figure 1A ;
• the figure 4 a schematic side view of the insert of the Figure 1A included in a constituent element of a construction, the latter being included in a kit according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of particular embodiments of the invention

This part presents a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention. The latter is described with specific embodiments and references to figures, but the invention is not limited thereby. In particular, the drawings or figures described below are only schematic and are not limiting. The drawings of the figures are not necessarily to scale. Like elements are generally denoted by like references in the figures. In the context of this document, identical or similar elements may bear the same references. The presence of reference numbers and/or letters in the drawings cannot be considered as limiting, including when these numbers or letters are indicated in the claims.

The references X, Y and Z represented in figure 1B correspond to a geometric coordinate system of the three-dimensional space used to comment on and/or visualize properties of embodiments of the invention. Thus, according to this figure, the axis 4 of the insert 1 according to this embodiment of the invention is arranged horizontally parallel to the axis X, the tubular connecting piece 31 extends in a direction (generally oblique) perpendicular to axis 4. A so-called “vertical” direction refers to a direction parallel to the Z axis represented, which according to this embodiment is preferably a direction parallel to that of the force of gravity. By abuse of notation, the references X, Y and Z are also used to indicate the directions parallel to these axes.

In the context of this document, by common misuse of language, the term "perpendicular" and its derivatives are sometimes used similarly to the term "orthogonal" and its derivatives.

The terms "first" and "second" are used throughout this document exclusively to differentiate between different elements, without implying any order between these elements.

The figure 1A , 2 and 3 represent several schematic views of an insert 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Insert 1 includes a closed plastic box 2 defining a cavity 22. The box 2 comprises a breakable outer wall 21 and intended to be broken with a construction tool, so as to be able to access the cavity 22 from the outside of the box 2. The box 2 also comprises two opposite orifices 23. The insert 1 comprises a mechanical axis 4 passing through the cavity 22 and the box 2, through the two orifices 23 thereof. Axis 4 passes through box 2 in a lower part along axis Z of the latter. The insert 1 comprises a yoke 3 comprising a symmetrical plate 34, cut mainly in the shape of a U, a lower part of this plate (corresponding to the hollow of the shape of the U) having an annular shape receiving and being crossed by the axis 4 so as to achieve a pivot connection between the clevis 3 and the pin 4 in the cavity 22. The center of the annular shape defines an orifice 33 which is therefore crossed by the pin 4. The clevis 3 is provided with a connecting piece 31 arranged symmetrically between and welded to two parallel portions of the yoke plate 34 (corresponding to the branches of the U-shape). The configuration illustrated, the connecting piece 31 is arranged completely in the cavity 22. It is capable of rotating (within the limits of a certain angular opening) in the cavity 22 around the axis 4 thanks to the pivot connection. The connecting part can be male or female, and capable of making an arbitrary connection with a mechanical part, the latter preferably being an anchoring device. In the case of the insert 1 shown, the connecting piece 31 is a female rod of the yoke 3 extending perpendicularly to the axis 4. It therefore comprises a threaded internal part 32, suitable for screwing a rod ( male) threaded, and therefore preferably a threaded rod of an anchoring device. The screwing manipulation is particularly simple and quick to perform on site once the box 2 is open, in particular because the connecting piece 31 rotates around the axis 4, and therefore the orientation of the connecting piece 31 can be adjusted to facilitate this manipulation as well as the subsequent use of the anchoring device. As illustrated in figure 1B , the direction of extension of the connecting piece 31 forms an angle θ with the vertical direction Z. This angle typically varies from approximately 180° because the rotational movement of the connecting piece 31 around the axis 4 is limited by parts of the box 2 when the wall 21 is removed. There is an angular opening for the angle θ around 0° (typically, angles which are lower in absolute value than the critical value mentioned below) such that the connecting part 31 is arranged completely in the cavity 22. It there is a critical value of the angle θ (for example, between 5 and 15°) such that the connecting piece 31 is just pressed against the wall 21 (or stops at the level of the opening replacing the wall 21 if it has been broken) and such that for any value of the angle greater than this critical value, a minority extremal portion of the connecting piece 31 extends outside of the cavity 21 (if the wall 21 has previously been broken by so as to form an opening as explained in the description of the invention).

The insert 1 also comprises a load take-up support provided with two plates 5 arranged symmetrically on either side of the box 2, against the box 2, similar to ears. These plates 5 extend along planes parallel to each other and parallel to the plane in which the connecting piece 31 is able to move in rotation around the axis 4 (although it can be locked in rotation in a defined position, for example by internal lateral reinforcements of the box 2, during its delivery on site), these planes all being perpendicular to the axis 4. The plates 5 are cut to have the specific shape illustrated comprising a top portion 5A (referenced in picture 2 ) annular through which the axis 4 passes at its center (defining a central orifice 53 of the top portion 5A) and blocked at the level of the axis 4 by a fixing of the plate 5 on the box 2, for example, by a clipping of a cylindrical lateral protrusion of the box 2 into a fitting hole 54 of the plate 5. Each plate 5 also comprises two feet 5B and 5C (referenced on the figure 2 ) which extend in transverse directions from the top portion 5A, externally to and beyond the cavity 22, such that it is possible to support and/or mechanically couple vertical bars 62 (according to the Z axis) and horizontal 61 (along the X axis) at the end of these feet 5B, 5C without intercepting the box 2 (because the feet move far enough away from the box 2 in said directions), these bars then being able to extend into a construction material constituting a constituent element of a construction provided with the insert 1. In order to achieve this support and/or mechanical coupling of bars 61, 62 as illustrated in figure 1B , each of the feet 5B and 5C is pierced with an end hole 52 and 51 respectively able to accommodate such bars 61 and 62. More specifically, one of the bars 61 is an axial metal bar which extends parallel to the axis 4 and which crosses each of the end orifices 52 of the feet 5B of each plate 5, and two other bars 62 are metal bars of gravity essentially folded in their middle into two parallel straight portions so as to give them a U-shape, each of these bars 62 being carried gravitationally by the foot 5B of one of the plates 5 passing through an extremal orifice 51. The latter is preferably oblong to facilitate the insertion of the bars 62. As clearly illustrated in Figs 1B and 2 , the foot 5B extends in a (main) horizontal direction Y perpendicular to the axis 4 and to said vertical direction Z, and the foot 5C extends transversely to this horizontal direction Y and perpendicular to the axis 4, so as to form an angle comprised between 40 and 90°, preferably between 65 and 85°, more preferably around 75°. This configuration makes it possible in particular to arrange the bar 61 parallel to and at the same height, along the Z axis, as the axis 4. The bars 61, 62 are directly coupled to the plates 5 and to the axis 4 allowing a optimized transmission of internal forces within a constituent element of the construction comprising the insert 1, and this directly by the insert 1. The diagram of the forces involved take points of support close to the axis 4 , and are transmitted to the axis 4. The suspension tensile force of the constituent element of the construction is exerted along the direction of extension of the connecting piece 31 when it is connected to a piece of anchoring (therefore obliquely in the plane carried by the Y and Z axes, preferably at an angle θ of approximately 20°) and is compensated (and broken down) along the horizontal Y and vertical Z axes by the internal forces exerted respectively on the bars 61 and 62 close to the axis 4, and transmitted to the latter directly by the plates 5. The bars 61 and 62 are preferably metallic with high adhesion to effectively transmit the loads and/or internal forces of a constituent element of a construction provided with the insert 1 at the axis 4 via the load-bearing support.

The figure 4 illustrates a kit according to one embodiment of the invention. This kit comprises an element 7 constituting a construction consisting of a front panel of the construction. The latter comprises an inner face 74A and an outer face 74B, and two slices, the upper slice 75 having been referenced. This facade panel will be fixed to the construction by means of an anchoring device 8 included in the kit. For this, the front panel comprises the insert 1 previously discussed. This has been embedded in a construction material 71, preferably concrete, constituting the front panel, so that the wall 21 extends the inner face 74A, thus being visible to a construction worker. The insert 1 is also arranged in height (along the Z axis) in an upper part of the front panel because it is at this location that it is necessary to secure the anchoring device 8 to support and/or fix the facade panel to the construction. To obtain such an element 7, it suffices to prepare a mold and/or a formwork in which the insert 1 and several metal bars 72, 73 are arranged, vertically and horizontally, so as to form a grid, some of these bars crossing in the end orifices 51 and 52 of the plates 5 of the insert 1, so as to define the metal bars 61, 62 previously introduced. Once this construction has been completed, concrete is poured into the mold and/or formwork, thus forming the reinforced concrete facade panel provided with the insert 1. The anchoring device 8 comprises a threaded metal rod 82 so as to be able to easily screw one of its end portions 81 (forming a first end part of the anchoring device 8) into the threaded inner part 32 of the tubular connecting piece 31 . The other end portion of this threaded metal rod 82 is fixed to a second end part 83 of the anchoring device 8 which is configured to be suspended and/or attached to a facade of the building. Such a second end part 83 is known to a person skilled in the art, in particular for a mounting system, and preferably consists of a plate. However, the first end part 81 which is in the form of an end portion of a threaded rod differs from the prior art and allows rapid and effective attachment of the anchoring device 8 to the facade panel via the insert 1 Furthermore, given that the bars 61, 62 are directly mechanically coupled to the insert 1, they allow an advantageous transmission of loads and/or internal forces from the facade panel to the construction through the intermediary of the device of anchor 8 and insert 1, as previously described.

In summary, the invention which has been presented relates to an insert 1 for an element 7 constituting a construction comprising a box 2 through which a shaft 4 passes and a connection part 31 mechanically coupled to the shaft 4, capable of rotating around this one.

The present invention has been described in relation to specific embodiments, which are purely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting. In general, it will appear obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the examples illustrated and/or described above. The present invention is limited by the scope of protection defined in claims 1 to 15.

Claims (15)

1. Insert (1) for an element (7) making up a building comprising:

   - a shaft (4); and

   - a connecting part (31) mechanically coupled to the shaft (4); characterised in that it further comprises a box (2) delimiting at least partially a cavity (22), and in that:

   - the shaft (4) passes through the cavity (22) and the box (2) via two orifices (23) opposite the latter;

   - the connecting part (31) is:

   arranged at least partially in the cavity (22),

   mechanically coupled to the shaft (4) in the cavity (22) and

   able to rotate about the shaft (4).
2. Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
   characterised in that it comprises a clevis (3) comprising:

   - a female rod:

   • which comprises an internal threaded portion (32),

   • which extends perpendicularly to the shaft (4), and

   • which consists of the connecting part (31); and

   - an orifice (33) receiving the shaft (4) in such a way as to create a pivot connection between the clevis (3) and the shaft (4) in the cavity (22).
3. Insert (1) according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that it is configured in such a way that an angle (ϑ) between a direction of extension of the connecting part (31) perpendicular to the shaft (4) and a vertical direction (Z) perpendicular to the shaft (4) varies by at most 200°, and in that there is an interval of values of this angle (ϑ) for which the connecting part (31) is entirely arranged in the cavity (22).
4. Insert (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the box (2) comprises a means of access to the cavity (22) consisting of at least one among:

   - a removable lid covering an opening of the box (2);

   - a breakable external wall (21).
5. Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
   characterised in that the means of access to the cavity (22) is able to close the box (2) in such a way that the latter completely delimits the cavity (22), the connecting part (31) being totally arranged in the cavity (22) when the box (2) is closed.
6. Insert (1) according to any of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that it further comprises a load bearing support configured to support and/or maintain a least one metal bar externally to the cavity (22), the load bearing support comprising at least one plate (5) fixed to the box (2), wherein at least one orifice (51, 52) is made to receive a metal bar externally to the cavity (22).
7. Insert (1) according to the preceding claim,
   characterised in that the box (2) comprises at least one lateral protrusion that extends externally from an outer face of the box (2), and in that each plate (5) comprises a nesting orifice (54) to connect the plate (5) against the box (2) by nesting of such a lateral protrusion in the nesting orifice (54) of the plate (5).
8. Insert (1) according to any of the two preceding claims,
   characterised in that each plate (5) extends perpendicularly to the shaft (4) and comprises:

   - a top portion (5A) that extends about the shaft (4) and which comprises a central orifice (53) passed through by the shaft (4);

   - two feet (5B, 5C) that extend according to transverse directions from the top portion (5A), beyond the cavity (22), and which each comprise an end orifice (52, 51) to receive a metal bar (61, 62).
9. Insert (1) according to the preceding claim when it further depends on claim 3,
   characterised in that one (5B) of the two feet extends in a horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the shaft (4) and to said vertical direction (Z), and in that the other (5C) of the two feet extends transversally to this horizontal direction (Y) and perpendicularly to the shaft (4).
10. Insert (1) according to any of claims 6 to 9, characterised in that the load bearing support comprises two such similar plates (5) arranged symmetrically on either side of the cavity (22).
11. Element (7) making up a building comprising an insert (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
12. Element (7) according to the preceding claim,

    characterised in that:

    - the insert (1) is according to claim 10 when it depends on any one of claims 8 ou 9; and

    - in that it comprises:

    • an axial metal bar (61) that extends parallel to the shaft (4) and which passes through the end orifices (52) of one of the feet (5B) of each plate (5);

    • two metal gravity bars (62), of which each one comprises two parallel straight portions that extend perpendicularly to the shaft (4), and a curved portion that connects the two straight portions in such a way as to provide a U shape to each metal gravity bar (62),

    the curved portion of a first of the metal gravity bars (62) passing through the end orifice (51) of the other of the feet (5A) of one of the plates (5), and

    the curved portion of a second of the metal gravity bars (62) passing through the end orifice (51) of the other of the feet (5A) of the other of the plates (5).
13. Element (7) according to any of the two preceding claims, characterised in that it is constituted of a cast and solidified building material (71) wherein the insert (1) is embedded, in such a way that an edge of the element (7) borders the box (2) and/or the cavity (22).
14. Kit comprising:

    - an element (7) according to any of claims 11 to 13 consisting of a facade panel of the building; and

    - an anchoring part (8) comprising:

    • a first end portion (81) to cooperate with the connecting part (31) in such a way as to be integral with the latter;

    • a second end portion (83) configured to be suspended and/or fixed to a facade of the construction.
15. Kit according to the preceding claim,
    characterised in that:

    - the insert (1) is according to claim 2; and in that

    - the first end portion (81) is a threaded rod able to be screwed into the connecting part (31).

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