EP3702533A1 - Method for fixing a bridge superstructure and edge termination element for use in same - Google Patents

Abstract

A bridge edge termination element (2) for the lateral attachment of a bridge superstructure is designed in such a way that it has a contact flank (3) for lateral contact and attachment to the bridge superstructure and fastening connections (6) which are arranged such that they are on a horizontal surface of the bridge superstructure at the top come to circulation. The element (2) forms a cavity between the abutment flank (3), a bottom area (4) and an outer wall (5), which has a channel shape that is open at least in some areas at the top and which is used to receive in-situ concrete (O), optionally with in-situ concrete supplementation. Such elements (2) are used to fasten a bridge superstructure by means of edge caps (1) by attaching the necessary amount of bridge edge termination elements (2) to the top of the bridge superstructure to obtain the required length, if necessary an attachment of additional formwork to create an inner edge termination for Bridge drive and / or walkway takes place, the channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge closure element (2) and optionally the additional formwork is filled with in-situ concrete (O) and the additional formwork is removed if necessary.

Description

The invention relates to a bridge edge termination element for the lateral fastening of a bridge superstructure according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for fastening a bridge superstructure by means of edge caps, in which the aforementioned bridge edge termination elements can be used.

In the case of new bridges being built and replacing bridges, following the foundation, erection of the bridge abutments and construction of the bridge superstructure, it is usually necessary to attach or secure it at the edge using so-called edge caps. The edge caps are usually poured from in-situ concrete, as is the case with the DE 101 09 001 A1 is assumed, so that it requires the creation of formwork and subsequent removal of the formwork. For shuttering and demoulding, it is usually necessary to completely block the traffic routes involved. Particularly in the case of bridges that cross busy streets, necessary full closures cause the greatest traffic obstructions. In addition to a general goal of generally shortening construction times, there is therefore a special focus on avoiding full closures.

In order to reduce the construction and assembly costs, the DE 20 2008 001 661 U1 therefore bridge caps are already available as prefabricated parts, which are placed on the bridge superstructure and screwed to it. Since these prefabricated caps are on the road side must be able to absorb the entire impact loads, they are massive and heavy, even if they have hollow chambers in their interior in some areas. In addition, the fastening provided there is suboptimal.

The WO 03/102308 A1 describes prefabricated parts for, inter alia, bridge structures, with a sealing joint being provided between the prefabricated part and the underside of the bridge superstructure. The attachment is very flexible but also complex to adjust.

The DE 2 314 191 OS shows a formwork for a cornice cap of a bridge, which is attached to the edge of the bridge as a precast concrete part with an L-shaped cross-section and is held by means of anchors and other fastening elements that are fixed in the in-situ concrete on the top of the bridge and form a force couple. The precast concrete formwork part is then supplemented with in-situ concrete to form a statically holistically designed cornice cap, for which the precast concrete formwork part already has protruding reinforcements. The concrete shuttering parts used here have a high dead weight, so that both their handling and their attachment are complex.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for fastening a bridge superstructure by means of edge caps or bridge edge termination elements that are used, which are characterized by high stability and flexibility with good load absorption and short construction or assembly time. This object is achieved by a closure element with the features of claim 1 and a method according to claim 10.

The bridge edge termination element according to the invention is characterized in that it has fastening connections that come to rest on the upper side on an essentially horizontal surface of the bridge superstructure and that it forms a cavity between a contact flank, a bottom area and an outer wall opposite the contact flank, which at least one upwards regionally, preferably predominantly open channel shape, which is designed to receive in-situ concrete, possibly with an in-situ concrete supplement. As a result, for the lateral fastening of the bridge superstructure, the bridge edge termination element according to the invention can be self-supporting placed its weight from above and cast on site with in-situ concrete without any major adjustment effort. In contrast to the prior art, with the bridge edge termination elements according to the invention it is also possible to concret the bridge superstructure with the roadway substructure and edge cap in one work step - monolithically.

In-situ concrete within the meaning of the invention should be any suitable casting or filling compound that changes from a viscous to a solid state, can be processed in accordance with the requirements and is suitable for absorbing the loads that arise.

The configuration according to the invention makes it possible to easily produce the bridge edge termination element from different materials such as steel, textile concrete or glass fiber reinforced plastic and with options for variants, since the further connection to the bridge superstructure and the requirements for Load absorption can be achieved through the design of the in-situ concrete filling and, if necessary, the in-situ concrete addition. The assembly time remains short, while at the same time adaptations to the requirements of the respective bridge structure have to be made in a simple manner. Since bridges are always individual structures with a low level of standardization, this has proven to be a considerable advantage.

The bridge edge termination element according to the invention is preferably designed so that it forms the edge termination of a bridge superstructure in the form of a cap. For this purpose, the outer wall is preferably higher than the inner wall which forms the contact flank. In this way, the bridge superstructure can be partially overmolded with in-situ concrete in the edge area, resulting in a cap shape that is essentially L-shaped in cross section. Often for this purpose, conventional formwork will have to be provided on the top of the bridge superstructure, the removal of which, however, no longer causes any further impairment of the traffic below, since it can be removed from the top of the bridge. The bridge edge terminating element is particularly preferably designed as a prefabricated formwork element, which eliminates the need for formwork and formwork on the outside and on the underside. The channel-shaped cavity should preferably be designed in such a way that it can be filled simply and as completely as possible with in-situ concrete.

In order to optimize the connection with the in-situ concrete and also to the bridge superstructure, it is advantageous if there are claw projections within the channel-shaped cavity, which after forming with the in-situ concrete a type of reinforcement form. The claw projections can, for example, be head bolts protruding inward from the walls or, for example, reinforcements, such as reinforcement stirrups, which extend from the lateral areas of the bridge superstructure into the channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge termination element.

The bridge edge termination element according to the invention advantageously has one or more stiffening elements, preferably in the cavity, with an extension component transverse to its longitudinal direction of the channel. This stiffening element can be an additional wall or intermediate wall which preferably connects at least the contact flank and the outer wall, but particularly preferably also the bottom area, to one another. This makes it possible to produce the bridge edge termination element with high torsional rigidity in greater lengths, without having to provide high material thicknesses for its walls and flanks. The bridge edge termination element can thus be made, for example, of steel, in particular stainless steel with a small wall thickness.

If the bridge edge termination element has stiffening elements, the fastening connections on the top side can be attached to the stiffening elements, for example in the form of plates or collars, which can have screw or dowel holes. If a plate shape is selected, it is then preferably to be aligned again in its main extent perpendicular to a plate-shaped stiffening element and to be supported by a projection of the stiffening element to absorb force from above. In addition, fastening connections can be provided in the area of the contact flank, for example likewise in the form of holes which the closing element can be screwed or dowelled on the side of the bridge superstructure or its mostly used pre-stressed concrete parts.

Since bridge structures are generally to be provided with fall protection, for example a handrail, it is advantageous if the bridge termination elements already have connection elements for such a fall protection. If stiffening elements are present, these connection elements can also be provided on them, preferably in the upper channel region and again preferably orthogonally thereto, as a connection plate. Railing posts, for example, can be screwed to this or already fastened in advance, even without the need to add an in-situ concrete beforehand.

It can be advantageous to make the outer wall of the bridge edge termination element higher than the top of the edge cap to be finished with in-situ concrete pouring. This creates edge protection, which ensures that no dirt or rubbish is blown down onto the bridged roadway when the bridge is in use, since, for example, stones, beverage cans, etc. are held up by the protruding outer wall edge. If there is a connection element for fall protection, the outer wall of the bridge edge termination element should therefore preferably protrude beyond the connection element, i.e. higher than the top.

For an even further improved connection of the bridge edge termination elements with the bridge superstructure, the termination elements can have one or also or have several projections that extend into the bridge superstructure when installed. There they can in turn be poured with in-situ concrete if the prefabricated parts of the superstructure, which usually have a trough-like shape, receive an in-situ concrete grouting or an in-situ concrete supplement as a roadway underlay. The projections are preferably designed like a sword. From a manufacturing point of view, it is advantageous to provide this as an extension of the stiffening element, preferably even in one piece with it, if stiffening elements are present. If this gives the sword a considerably greater height than its width, it can in turn be advantageous to provide further claw projections on the projection, for example an upright sword with laterally protruding head bolts. Such a narrow, high projection has the advantage that no recesses have to be provided beforehand in the bridge superstructure. If the bridge superstructure has material there, slots, for example, can be easily milled on site when the bridge edge termination elements are attached.

It is advantageous to design the bridge edge termination elements in such a way that they have a plug-in attachment for connection to an adjacent bridge termination element in the longitudinal direction of the channel at least at one of their end regions. In this way, a uniform finish can be created over the entire length of the bridge, and the cast-in-place concrete can be cast in one go.

Fig. 1

einen Brückenüberbau mit beidseitiger Befestigung im Schnitt

Fig. 2

eine Vergrößerung des Details II aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Brückenrandabschlusselements aus den Fig. 1 und 2,

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht aus Richtung IV auf den Gegenstand aus Fig. 3 und

Fig. 5

eine Detailansicht ähnlich Fig. 1 einer alternativen Ausführungsform.

Advantages and details of the invention emerge from the claims and embodiments shown in the drawings, which are described below; show it:

Fig. 1

a cross-section of a bridge superstructure with fastening on both sides

Fig. 2

an enlargement of the detail II Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the bridge edge termination element from FIG Fig. 1 and 2 ,

Fig. 4

a plan view from direction IV of the object Fig. 3 and

Fig. 5

a detailed view similar Fig. 1 an alternative embodiment.

The representation in Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a bridge superstructure with three prestressed concrete prefabricated parts B, which are supported on bridge abutments (not shown). The bridge superstructure has an edge termination 1 in the form of a cap or roadway cap on both sides. This is formed by means of bridge edge termination elements 2, which are in the Figures 2 to 4 are shown in detail. Each bridge edge termination element 2 has a contact flank 3, a bottom area 4 and an outer wall 5, which form a cavity in the shape of a channel that is open at the top, see Figure 3 .

Fastening connections 6 of the bridge edge termination element 2 are arranged in such a way that they come to rest on the upper side of the bridge superstructure, here the lateral prestressed precast concrete elements B, in order to be connected to them there. especially the Figures 2 and 3 show that the bridge edge termination element 2 has stiffening elements 7 which, in the embodiment shown, connect the contact flank 3, the bottom area 4 and the outer wall 5. These stiffening elements 7 are plate-like with opposing large surfaces which are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the channel. The stiffening elements 7 can be welded into the channel when using weldable materials. The fastening connections 6 can preferably be arranged in the form of plates or collars under projecting lugs 7 'of the stiffening elements 7, for which purpose these lugs 7' extend upward out of the channel R via an imaginary extension of the contact flank 3. The projections or lugs 7 ′ of the stiffening elements thus essentially take up the weight of the bridge edge termination element 2 via the fastening connections 6.

In the embodiment shown, the contact flank 3 has further fastening connections 16 with which the bridge edge termination element 2 is fastened laterally to the bridge superstructure, here the lateral prestressed precast concrete parts B.

In addition, the illustrated bridge edge termination element 2 has connection elements 8 for a fall protection 9, here in the form of railing posts. If the bridge edge termination element 2 has stiffening elements 7 as shown, such a connection element 8 for a fall protection 9 can preferably be attached to a stiffening element 7, here in the form of a connection plate on the top. The railing posts 9 can later be attached to these. In the Embodiment in Figure 3 the spacing of the connection elements 8 is provided such that only every second stiffening element 7 has such a connection element 8. As shown, the stiffening elements 7 without connection elements 8 (in Figure 3 the second and fourth from the left) have a lower height than the stiffening elements 7 with connection elements 8, so that no part of the stiffening elements 7 protrudes visibly upwards where no fall protection is attached.

Fig. 1 and particularly Fig. 2 show that, in the embodiment shown, the outer wall 5 of the bridge edge termination element 2 is significantly higher than the contact flank 3, in particular even higher than an upper side O ′ of the edge cap finished with in-situ concrete casting. The resulting protrusion 15 or the protruding outer wall edge 15 forms an edge protection and prevents, for example, stones or cans from being kicked down by pedestrians. The outer wall edge 15 preferably also protrudes beyond the connection elements 8, since these are mostly functionally located on the upper side O ′ of the in-situ concrete edge cap O.

In order to be able to produce edge terminations of any length in adaptation to the required bridge length, the bridge edge termination elements 2 are preferably designed with a plug-in attachment 11 which is attached to at least one end region E (in Figure 3 right) of the bridge edge termination element 2 is arranged. Figure 2 accordingly shows several bridge edge termination elements 2 connected to one another by being plugged into one another to form a longer channel.

The lateral fastening of the bridge superstructure takes place in that an edge termination 1 with bridge edge termination elements 2 according to the invention is created in a method described below. First, the necessary amount of bridge edge termination elements 2 to obtain the required length (possibly by joining them together by means of plug-in attachments 11) is determined via their fastening connections 6 and possibly 16 on the bridge superstructure. For this purpose, for example, connection bolts can protrude from pre-stressed concrete parts B of the bridge superstructure, penetrate the openings at the fastening connections 6, 16 and then be secured. If necessary, sealing elements are to be provided in the transition to the bridge superstructure. Optionally, connection reinforcements 12, in Fig. 1 designed as reinforcement stirrups, be present or attached to the bridge superstructure, which extend into the channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge termination elements 2. If provided, the bridge superstructure can be filled with an in-situ concrete supplement 13. If the bridge edge is to extend in parts over the bridge superstructure, additional formwork is usually placed on the upper side of the in Fig. 1 must be attached to the position marked with an S. The channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge closure elements 2 is then poured or filled with in-situ concrete or another suitable material to the desired height and, if necessary, for additional formwork. After hardening, the additional formwork can be removed, which in no way interferes with any traffic that may extend under the bridge. Fall protection devices 9 can then also be installed, if available at the connection elements 8 provided for this purpose. The bridge edge termination elements 2 can, however, also be attached to the bridge superstructure with the fall protection device 9 already pre-assembled.

Fig. 5 shows an alternative embodiment to the bridge edge termination element 2 from Figs. 1 to 4 . The reference numbers are identical to the version from Figs. 1 to 4 elected, provided they correspond to these in their function. In the embodiment of Fig. 5 In the case shown here, the connection with the bridge superstructure is not reinforced by reinforcement stirrups (although these can of course also be present), but by the bridge edge termination elements 2 having elongated projections 17 which extend into the bridge superstructure when installed. These can preferably be designed as an extension of the stiffening elements 7 (if present), in particular as an even more distinct extension of the lugs 7 'from the Fig. 2 and 3 . In addition, the embodiment of Fig. 5 Claw projections 18, which extend into the interior of the channel-shaped cavity. Such can of course also in the embodiment according to Figs. 1 to 4 are provided. In addition, in Fig. 5 the sword-like projection 17 on both sides claw projections 18, in particular in the form of headed bolts.

Overall, with the method according to the invention and the bridge edge termination elements according to the invention, a fast and stable securing of a bridge superstructure can be achieved with high flexibility and low weight of the elements to be transported.

Claims (12)

Bridge edge termination element (2) for the lateral fastening of a bridge superstructure, characterized in that the element (2) has a contact flank (3) for lateral contact and attachment to the bridge superstructure and fastening connections (6) which are arranged such that they are on a horizontal surface at the top of the bridge superstructure come to rest, and that the element (2) between the abutment flank (3), a floor area (4) and an outer wall (5) forms a cavity which has an upwardly at least partially open channel shape, which is used to receive in-situ concrete (O), if necessary with in-situ concrete addition. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that it forms the edge termination (1) of a bridge superstructure in the form of a cap. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that claw projections (18) are arranged within the channel-shaped cavity, which are designed to form a fixed connection with in-situ concrete (O). Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a prefabricated formwork element. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one stiffening element (7) in the cavity transversely to its longitudinal direction (L) of the channel. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by further fastening connections (16), in or on the contact flank (3) for lateral fastening to the bridge superstructure. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one connection element (8) for a fall protection device (9). Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one projection (17) which extends into the bridge superstructure in the installed state. Bridge edge termination element (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the channel longitudinal direction (L) at least one end region (E) has a plug-in attachment (11) for connection to an in Has the following bridge edge termination element (2) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the channel. Method for fastening a bridge superstructure by means of edge caps (1), characterized by the use of bridge edge termination elements (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 9. Method according to claim 10 with the following method steps: - Attachment of the necessary number of bridge edge termination elements (2) to maintain the required length on the top of the bridge superstructure, - if necessary, attachment of additional formwork to create an inner edge seal to the bridge travel and / or walkway, - Pouring the channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge closure element (2) and, if necessary, the additional formwork with in-situ concrete (O), - If necessary, removal of the additional formwork. Method according to Claim 11, characterized by the application of reinforcement (B) which extends from the lateral areas of the bridge superstructure into the channel-shaped cavity of the bridge edge termination element (2) and, after pouring with in-situ concrete (O), a strengthening connection between the bridge superstructure and the edge cap ( 1) forms.

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