EP3622130A1 - Gerüsttransportsystem, verfahren zur steuerung eines gerüsttransportsystems sowie verwendung eines gerüsttransportsystems - Google Patents
Gerüsttransportsystem, verfahren zur steuerung eines gerüsttransportsystems sowie verwendung eines gerüsttransportsystemsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3622130A1 EP3622130A1 EP18725438.8A EP18725438A EP3622130A1 EP 3622130 A1 EP3622130 A1 EP 3622130A1 EP 18725438 A EP18725438 A EP 18725438A EP 3622130 A1 EP3622130 A1 EP 3622130A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- carriage module
- carriage
- scaffold
- transport system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
- E04G2005/008—Hoisting devices specially adapted as part of a scaffold system
Definitions
- the invention relates to a scaffold transport system, a method for controlling a scaffold transport system and the use of a scaffold transport system and / or a method for controlling a scaffold transport system.
- the lift systems or winches on the ground are loaded by personnel at a loading position in order to deliver the corresponding material to a higher scaffolding level, where the delivered material can be removed again at an unloading position, ie the lift system is unloaded.
- employees are needed, for example, workers who load or unload the material.
- the unloaded material is carried by the workers in the respective scaffolding level to the place of use.
- several workers and possibly several lift systems are needed to efficiently transport the material from the unloading position to the place of use. This applies in an analogous manner for the transport of the material from a supplier to which, for example, a Truck with the appropriate material to be transported is parked, to the loading position.
- the object of the invention is to provide an efficient scaffolding transport system, with which it is possible, inter alia, to supply building material in an efficient manner to the desired positions and locations of a scaffolding, for example during construction and dismantling of the scaffolding.
- a scaffold transport system comprising a rail system having at least one horizontally extending rail section, and at least one carriage module adapted to move along the rail system, the carriage module having a coupling section over which the carriage module is captive and movable is coupled to the rail system, and has a support portion over which the carriage module carries objects during movement.
- the scaffold transport system can transport objects in a corresponding scaffolding plane of a scaffold to the desired place of use in an efficient and automated manner. This eliminates the need to resort to the labor of personnel, such as a worker, which increases the efficiency of transporting related materials. The efficiency is increased so that time-consuming and physically demanding work, ie the transport of objects such as scaffolding material in a particular scaffolding level, carried out automatically via the scaffold transport system. A manual intervention is no longer necessary.
- the scaffolding transport system is generally applicable to various scaffolds or scaffolding types, such as pipe coupling scaffolds, scaffolds, protective scaffolds, scaffolds, suspension scaffolding, trestles, mobile scaffolds, facade scaffolding, space scaffolding, stair towers, free-standing scaffolding, industrial scaffolding, cable bridges, event scaffolding and / or Special constructions, which are among others in civil engineering, in industrial plant construction, in road construction, in bridge construction, in vehicle construction, in shipbuilding, in building construction, in carpentry, in engineering timber construction, in special construction, in civil engineering, in earthworks, in land culture, in hydraulic engineering and / or used in special construction.
- a scaffold is usually a temporary, reusable auxiliary construction of standardized scaffolding elements, for example rods and / or pipes of metal or wood, for example bamboo.
- permanent scaffolds are also known which are designed for continuous operation, for example in special or special construction or in special applications such as a tower scaffolding.
- the rail system has at least one vertically extending rail section, which is coupled to the horizontally extending rail section.
- the carriage module can be moved along the two rail sections.
- the two rail sections may intersect, wherein the carriage module is designed such that it can run over the intersection of the vertically extending rail section and the horizontally extending rail section.
- the vertical rail section may be installed first in the installation of the rail system that extends vertically from the ground along the scaffolding. Starting from a loading position provided at the bottom of the scaffold, the rail system can then be expanded. In particular, the first vertically extending rail section initially extends as far as the horizontally extending rail section.
- the rail system has a plurality of vertically extending rail sections and a plurality of horizontally extending rail sections so that the carriage module can reach as many positions in the rail system as possible to transport objects to the appropriate locations, such as the places of use.
- the plurality of rail sections may intersect, creating multiple intersections at which the carriage module may change its direction of travel.
- the at least one vertically extending rail section and / or the at least one horizontally extending rail section are or is in particular designed to be stationary. This means that the corresponding rail section is immovable.
- the carriage module has, for example, a drive.
- the drive ensures that the carriage module moves automatically along the corresponding rail section, that is, neither pulled by a (train) rope or a human along the corresponding rail section.
- the drive is integrated in the carriage module, that is arranged within a housing of the carriage module.
- the drive may be an electric motor that converts electrical energy into a mechanical movement of the carriage module.
- the power supply of the drive can be ensured by at least one battery, for example a Li-ion battery.
- the battery is designed in particular as an accumulator.
- the rail system has at least one two-dimensionally closed rail system area, in particular wherein a plurality of interconnected rail system areas are provided.
- the rail system areas represent a two-dimensional rail network in which the carriage module can move.
- the rail system is therefore arranged in a plane corresponding to the front of the corresponding scaffold. This plane is essentially perpendicular to the ground.
- the two-dimensional rail network is stretched in the vertical and horizontal directions, ie in the corresponding plane, so that the carriage module in the closed, two-dimensional rail network can move up, down, left and right.
- the carriage module can be moved along a closed rail track of the rail system, which at least comprises the closed, two-dimensional rail network, in particular forms.
- the carriage module can approach a loading position and an unloading position, which are located along the closed rail track, to be loaded or unloaded.
- the rail system comprises a plurality of modular rail elements which can be attached to a scaffold via fastening means, in particular via clips and / or plug connections, and / or the scaffold transport system comprises a scaffold having scaffolding elements, wherein the rail system on the Scaffolding elements is formed, are integrated in the respective rail sections.
- the rail system can therefore be constructed by separately formed rail elements that can be attached to a scaffold, especially subsequently.
- the modular design of the rail elements ensures that the rail system can be expanded by adding additional rail elements.
- the rail system can grow along with the framework during its construction, which ensures that all desired locations and positions of the framework can be achieved. Since the separately formed rail elements can be coupled to existing, standardized scaffolding elements, it is possible to retrofit the scaffold transport system.
- the fastening means provided for attaching the rail elements may also be modular, so that they can be attached to the different attachment points of a scaffold in a simple manner. These may be snap connections or the like. Also commonly used in scaffolding couplings are suitable, for example, normal clutches, rotary joints and / or shock couplings. Also, the fastening means can be realized by pipe and plug connections, screw or clamp connections, support terminals and module node connections. The corresponding fastening means can be coupled to the coupling portion of the framework, for example to commonly used rosettes. In general, all fastening or connecting means can be formed as the above-mentioned couplings, terminals or connections.
- the rail system is provided via the framework itself, which has correspondingly formed scaffolding elements which comprise integral with the rail sections required rail sections.
- the modular scaffolding elements are rods or tubes which form a corresponding rail section in each case.
- the rail elements may also include rail curve elements.
- the rail curve elements are for example intended to connect two substantially mutually perpendicularly intersecting, horizontally extending rail sections with each other. Accordingly, the rail system can be extended over the rail curve elements so that the rail system in its plan view is substantially L-shaped. This makes it possible, for example, that the rail system extends over a scaffolding, which is constructed along a building facade, which has a corner.
- the L-shape of the rail system corresponds to two two-dimensional, substantially rectangular rail networks.
- the rail curve element thereby ensures that the carriage module can move efficiently along the rail system, since a right-angled connection of the two two-dimensional rail networks would require at least a complete stopping of the carriage module. Due to the rail curve element provided for connecting the two two-dimensional, substantially rectangular intersecting rail networks, the carriage module can, without complete stopping, change the corresponding planes formed by the rail networks.
- the rail system is formed three-dimensional, for example, L-shaped.
- the rail system can generally be designed such that it connects two substantially mutually perpendicularly intersecting, horizontally extending rail sections. This can be over at least one Rail cam element or another transition mechanism be realized.
- the rail system may alternatively or additionally be configured to interconnect two substantially rectangularly intersecting rail sections which are vertically extending in their respective two-dimensional railroad system.
- the carriage module moves along a vertically extending rail section of a first rail network to its end, and then to change to another two-dimensional rail network, which is perpendicular to the first. This is the case when the carriage module is moved up along a wall, the wall being the first two-dimensional rail network, and then traveling on a ceiling representing the second two-dimensional, first vertical rail network.
- This transition can also be realized via at least one rail curve element or another transition mechanism.
- the rail elements or the rail sections comprising rail sections form movement paths for the at least one carriage module, along which the carriage module can move in order to transport objects.
- the support portion may be modular, so that different load-bearing units can be coupled to the support portion.
- the load-bearing units may be load-bearing units specific to the object to be transported. If a large object is to be transported, a load-bearing unit specially designed for this purpose can be coupled to the corresponding support section so that secure transport of the object is ensured. Accordingly, a plurality of small objects can be safely transported in another load receiving unit, which can also be coupled to the support section. Due to the modular design of the support section ensures that the different load-bearing units can be coupled in a simple manner with the carriage module.
- a load-receiving unit may be designed such that a plurality of different objects can be transported with it.
- the modular design of the support section ensures that that the selected load-bearing unit can be coupled in a simple manner and thus in a short time with the corresponding support portion of the carriage module, whereby the efficiency of the scaffold transport system is increased accordingly.
- the objects to be transported that are transported along the rail system via the carriage module may be building material, scaffolding, people, tools and the like.
- load-bearing units can be provided.
- the load-bearing units can be designed so that the objects to be transported are secured in the corresponding load-bearing units. This can be done via appropriate locking or securing mechanisms, which have the load receiving units.
- the coupling section comprises at least one gripping unit, via which the carriage module is captively coupled to the rail system, and / or at least one sliding unit, via which the carriage module slides along the rail system.
- the gripping unit and the sliding unit can together form a gripping / sliding mechanism of the carriage module, via which the correspondingly safe movement of the carriage module along the rail system is possible.
- the gripping unit can be designed such that it at least partially surrounds the rail elements or sections of the rail system in order to be correspondingly captively coupled to the rail system.
- the gripping unit comprises a correspondingly formed encompassing section.
- the sliding unit may have a profile roller or a profile wheel, wherein the profile cooperates with correspondingly formed rail elements or sections.
- the rail elements or sections have a repetitive hole pattern corresponding to the profile of the sliding unit.
- the profile may include protrusions that engage the openings.
- the sliding unit may be coupled to the drive, wherein the drive mechanically drives the sliding unit, in particular the profile roller or the profiled wheel.
- the slide unit and the correspondingly formed rail members or sections are provided by a rack and pinion drive system formed, in which the rail elements or sections are rack-like. Consequently, the rail elements or sections have regular projections with which the sliding unit cooperates, in particular the profile roller or the profile wheel of the sliding unit.
- the sliding unit and the rail elements or sections each have corresponding structures that may be provided on associated surfaces.
- the correspondingly formed structures of the sliding unit and of the rail elements or sections are provided in particular for the vertically extending rail elements or sections.
- the horizontally extending rail elements or sections can be designed accordingly.
- the movement of the carriage module along the horizontally extending rail elements or sections can also take place via rollers, tires or the like, which are also part of the sliding unit.
- the gripping / sliding mechanism ensures that the carriage module can be coupled to the rail system in a simple manner.
- the carriage module can be fastened, for example, as a "plug-and-play" module to a rail element of the rail system in a simple manner
- the carriage module can be pressed against the rail element via the gripping unit and / or the sliding unit, whereby the gripping mechanism of the gripping unit is activated
- the gripping mechanism can be activated manually via a correspondingly formed button, via sensors or in any other way.
- the gripping-sliding mechanism and the corresponding gripping and sliding units ensure that the carriage module can cross over intersections of the rail system on which vertically extending rail sections and horizontally extending rail sections intersect.
- the gripping unit may comprise at least one length-adjustable arm having a free end on which a rolling element is provided. The rolling element rolls during the movement of the carriage module on the rail element or section off. Over the arm together with rolling element ensures that the rail element or the rail section is at least partially encompassed.
- the gripping unit comprises two arms with corresponding rolling elements.
- the two arms can be associated with respect to the respective rail element or the respective rail section opposite sides, so that the respective rail element or the respective rail portion is partially surrounded by two opposite sides.
- the two arms can be arranged in the direction of movement of the carriage module front and rear, so that the carriage module always bears when crossing over crossing rail sections with at least one rolling element on a rail element or section. This ensures that the carriage module is held captive.
- the at least one carriage module is thus held exclusively on at least one rail section, in particular the associated rail element.
- the carriage module comprises four gripping units arranged in two pairs.
- the pairs each define a direction of movement of the carriage module, so that two directions of movement are provided, which intersect, in particular at right angles.
- An activated gripping unit is sufficient to ensure the captive movement of the carriage module along the rail system.
- Other embodiments may include fewer gripping units, for example two, or more gripping units. This depends in particular on the field of application.
- the carriage modules may include a direction change mechanism.
- the direction change mechanism can be formed via the gripping-sliding mechanism, that is, the at least one gripping unit and the sliding unit, in particular the gripping units.
- the carriage module is moved along the direction of a first pair until the carriage module is positioned at the intersection of a horizontally extending rail section and vertically running rail section is.
- at least one gripping unit of a second pair which has not previously encompassed the rail system, is activated, so that the at least one gripping unit of the second pair at least partially surrounds the rail system.
- the active gripping unit of the first pair or the active gripping units of the first pair are released, so that the carriage module is coupled captive only about the at least one gripping unit of the second pair with the rail system. Subsequently, the carriage module can be moved along the direction of movement, which is defined by the second pair, that is perpendicular to the previous direction of movement.
- the speed of the carriage module can be reduced before a change in direction to ensure that the gripping units securely grip the corresponding rail elements or sections.
- the rail system has a direction change mechanism in which the intersections between horizontally and vertically extending rail sections are formed by rotatably formed crossing sections. If a carriage module has reached an intersection or stands on the corresponding intersection section, this can be rotated (for example by 90 °) in order to change the direction of movement of the carriage module.
- the crossing sections can be controlled accordingly by a system control.
- a plurality of carriage modules are provided.
- the plurality of carriage modules can be moved simultaneously in the rail system, being spaced from each other, so that a safety distance is ensured. A collision between two carriage modules is thus effectively prevented.
- the individual carriage modules can carry different objects, depending on which load-bearing unit is arranged on the corresponding support section of the carriage module. As a result, a continuous flow of material can be achieved, since at the same time move several carriage modules with appropriately equipped load-bearing units in the rail system.
- a system control is provided, which is set up among other things, the movement of the at least one carriage module along the Control rail system.
- the system controller may use sensor values to control optimal movement of the at least one carriage module along the rail system.
- the sensor values are, for example, positions of persons who carry appropriate transmitters.
- the positions or locations to be controlled can be determined by control technology.
- the rail elements may include sensors that allow the system controller to detect the rail system being constructed.
- the system controller creates a (two- or three-dimensional) model of the rail system to calculate optimized trajectories for the at least one carriage module.
- the rail system can also be stored by reference points control technology, for example, by sensors or transmitters are provided at the intersections. Since there are linear movement paths between the intersections in each case, the system control can determine these automatically or provide the trajectories to be traveled along the reference points.
- the sensors may be external sensors which have subsequently been attached to the corresponding rail elements or at least have been assigned to the rail elements.
- the system controller may include a real-time position detection unit configured to automatically detect the positions of persons, such as workers, and / or carriage modules.
- the system controller can accordingly automatically coordinate the movements of the individual carriage modules to prevent collisions or obstructions between the carriage modules and / or the workers.
- the calculations and designs of the corresponding movements of the carriage modules can be done automatically, so that the most efficient transport of the objects to be transported on the individual carriage modules is guaranteed to the appropriate places of use.
- the individual carriage modules can therefore be designed as robots whose motion sequences are controlled by the system control.
- the system controller can act as the central system unit that controls the carriage modules. Alternatively, the system control can be done by many individual control modules may be formed, which are each integrated in a carriage module. The multiple control modules then together form the system controller, communicating with each other.
- the individual carriage modules each have, for example, an (integrated) control module which receives control commands and converts them accordingly.
- control modules of the individual carriage modules may be configured to generate the control commands.
- the system controller may consider security protocols that are applied when the corresponding motion commands for the carriage modules are generated, that is, the commands to the carriage modules are generated along which trajectories of the rail system the carriage modules are to move.
- the system control includes the prioritized safety protocol, according to which a sufficiently large safety distance of the carriage modules to persons, in particular workers, must be maintained, as long as the carriage modules move.
- the system controller may further include collision detection for unforeseen items in the trajectories, remote emergency control, sensor override detection, and / or manual intervention such as a manually operated switch to start or end the system.
- the collision detection is via sensors, such as infrared sensors and / or optical sensors, formed, which are arranged on the respective carriage modules.
- the sensors acquire corresponding data and transmit it to the system controller or to the system modules provided in the respective carriage modules.
- the remote emergency control is used to interrupt the scaffolding transport system in an emergency. Also, the remote emergency control may be provided to return the individual carriage modules to their previous positions.
- the previous ones Positions are defined as the positions where the carriage modules last held, usually loading and unloading positions.
- the sensor override detection is provided, for example, via sensors provided correspondingly on the carriage modules, which detect undesired operating states and transmit the acquired data correspondingly to the system control.
- the sensors may be pressure, temperature, acceleration and / or gyro sensors.
- the carriage modules in addition to the sensors mentioned include other sensors.
- the manual intervention option is given in particular on each carriage module, so that the operators, in particular workers, can control, stop and / or start the entire scaffolding transport system if they operate the carriage module accordingly. This will usually be the case in the unloading and loading positions where the carriage modules come to a standstill.
- the scaffold transport system in particular the system control, is notified that the corresponding carriage module has been loaded or unloaded so that it can be moved.
- the system controller may have artificial intelligence or machine learning technologies so it can learn automatically during operation.
- the scaffold transport system collects data on the scaffolding process during its operation, such as the amount of transported weight, waiting times of at least one worker and / or the at least one sled module, type of activity, time required for loading or unloading Discharge of the at least one carriage module, time required for the transport of scaffolding parts and idle time, work time start and end time, time and number from the scaffold transport system, in particular the system control, detected security problems and other data based on sensors and the interaction of the carriage module with the workers arise.
- the scaffold transport system can comprise a sensor, for example a visual, ultrasound-based or other sensor, which is set up to recognize scaffolding parts, so that the scaffold transport system is set up to count the number of scaffolding parts used, in particular depending on the respective type.
- the workers who work with the scaffolding transport system can be equipped with a portable device so that steps, altitude and other data are collected and / or stored.
- the data can be tuned with the at least one carriage module. All (captured) data can be stored in a data processing unit, such as a cloud server. This data can be presented to the operator of the scaffold transport system in a ready manner, for example, on a website.
- the data can be matched with the data processing unit, for example the cloud server.
- a method for controlling a scaffold transport system comprising a rail system having at least one horizontally extending rail section, and at least one carriage module, comprising the following steps:
- the rail system is formed by the framework or at least attached to the frame.
- the rail system comprises at least one vertically extending rail section in addition to the horizontal rail section, it is further possible to move the carriage module in a plane of movement that is perpendicular to a horizontal plane.
- the carriage module can thus move objects along the framework, ie in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.
- the rail system may further comprise a two-dimensionally closed rail system area, whereby it is possible to load and unload the at least one carriage module in a repetitive process.
- the closed rail system area in particular, it is possible to use a plurality of carriage modules, so that a higher timing is possible to transport the objects from the loading position to the unloading position. The efficiency of the scaffold transport system is increased accordingly.
- unloading and loading positions can be provided in the rail system, wherein the corresponding carriage modules can be controlled by the system control to approach the corresponding positions.
- the unloading and loading positions may be defined by holding positions for the carriage module along the railways comprising the rail system.
- the carriage modules can also be controlled manually to approach the corresponding positions.
- the object of the invention is further solved by the use of a scaffold transport system of the aforementioned type and / or the use of a method of the aforementioned type to build up and / or dismantle a scaffold.
- the construction or dismantling of a scaffolding is thus efficient and with a high degree of automation, which can reduce the costs accordingly.
- the scaffold transport system can thus be used to deliver scaffolding material, such as scaffolding elements, fasteners, and other scaffolding material, to the required locations during its scaffolding assembly and disassembly.
- the scaffold transport system can be used to expand or reduce the corresponding scaffold transport system, since this is modular.
- the scaffold transport system is expanded or dismantled when the scaffolding elements already comprise integrated rail sections, since then the rail system is expanded or dismantled simultaneously during scaffolding setup or scaffolding dismantling.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a scaffold transport system according to the invention according to a first embodiment
- FIGS. 2a to 2c show a vertically extending rail element in various views
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show a horizontally extending rail element in various views
- FIG. 4 shows a carriage module coupled to a vertically extending rail element
- FIG. 5 shows a carriage module coupled to a horizontally extending rail element
- FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a carriage module arranged on a vertically running rail element with a coupled load-bearing unit
- FIGS. 7a to 7f show the load-bearing unit shown in FIG. 6 in different states
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic perspective view of a scaffold transport system according to the invention according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 9 shows a detail of a schematic perspective view of a scaffold transport system according to the invention according to a third embodiment
- FIG. 10 shows a detail of a schematic perspective view of a scaffold transport system according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of another scaffold transport system.
- FIG. 1 shows a scaffold transport system 10 comprising a rail system 12, which in the embodiment shown is arranged on a scaffolding 14 which comprises a plurality of planes A to H which extend in a horizontal plane parallel to the ground. Accordingly, the scaffolding 14 on a floor A and seven other scaffolding levels B to H.
- the scaffolding 14 corresponds to a conventional scaffolding, which by a plurality of scaffolding elements 16, for example, tubes or bars bars, vertical handles, diagonal, tread plates 18, which form the corresponding planes B to H, and connecting elements 19, over which the tread boards 18 and / or the scaffolding elements 16 are joined together to form the scaffolding 14.
- the connecting elements 19 may be wedge joints.
- the rail system 12 comprises a plurality of horizontally extending rail sections 20 and a plurality of vertically extending rail sections 22 which are formed by modular rail elements 23, which are coupled to the scaffolding 14, in particular the scaffolding elements 16, as will be explained below.
- the rail elements 23 are therefore formed separately from the scaffolding 14.
- the vertically extending rail sections 22 are provided in each case at intervals of two vertically extending scaffold elements 16, as can be seen from FIG. The distances can also be chosen differently, as needed.
- the respective vertically extending rail sections 22 and the horizontally extending rail sections 20 are each coupled to one another, so that intersections 24 of the corresponding rail system 12 result, which will be discussed below.
- two vertically extending rail sections and two horizontally extending rail sections connecting the two vertically extending rail sections form a two-dimensionally closed rail system section 26 which partially covers, in frontal view of the scaffolding 14, a plane of the scaffolding 14 extending horizontally and vertically extends.
- the vertically extending rail part sections are each formed by four rail elements 23, whereas the horizontally extending rail part sections are each formed by two rail elements 23.
- a plurality of interconnected rail system portions 26 are provided which are disposed adjacent to and interconnected. The connection of the adjacent rail system areas 26 takes place in that they share a horizontally extending rail section or a vertically extending rail section.
- the rail sections 20, 22, in particular the rail elements 23, are all formed stationary, so that the rail system 12 is fixed.
- the scaffold transport system 10 comprises, in addition to the rail system 12, at least one carriage module 28 which is arranged to move along the rail system 12, as will be explained below, in particular with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7.
- the carriage module 28 has for this purpose a coupling section 30, via which the carriage module 28 is captively and movably coupled to the rail system 12 during operation (see in particular FIGS. 4 to 6).
- the carriage module 28 comprises a support section 32, via which the carriage module 28 can carry objects, as can be seen clearly from FIG.
- a load-bearing unit 34 is coupled to the support section 32, which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
- FIG. 1 a total of four carriage modules 28, which belong to the scaffold transport system 10, are shown. Consequently, at least one carriage module 28 is assigned to each rail system area 26.
- more slide modules 28 can be provided per rail system area 26, so that a higher clocking results in a corresponding rail system area 26. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to the control of the scaffold transport system 10.
- the carriage modules 28 can also be moved over a plurality of rail system areas 26, that is to say a carriage module 28 for a plurality of rail system areas 26.
- the horizontally extending rail sections 20 as well as the vertically extending rail sections 22 define a plurality of trajectories for the carriage modules 28 along which the carriage modules 28 can move.
- a part of the rail system 12 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2a to 2c, namely a rail element 23.
- the rail element 23 shown is a vertically extending rail element 36, which is shown in different views.
- Such a vertically extending rail element 36 can already form a vertically extending rail section 22 in a simple embodiment of the scaffold transport system 10.
- a plurality of vertically extending rail members 36 are provided to form a vertically extending rail portion 22, as shown in FIG.
- the vertically extending rail element 36 is formed separately from the vertically extending frame element 16, as shown in FIG. 2a. Via fastening means 38, it is coupled to the vertically extending framework element 16, in particular to a coupling section 40 attached to the framework element 16, for example to a so-called rosette.
- the coupling section 40 in particular the rosette, may be welded to the framework element 16, that is to say fixed with respect to the position.
- the corresponding fastening means 38 can be clearly seen in FIG. 2c. It can be seen that the fastening means 38 may be formed as a clip or plug connection, which is modular, so that they can be coupled quickly and easily with the corresponding coupling portion 40.
- the fastening means 38 comprises, in particular, a wedge-shaped fastening section which has a slot through which the fastening means 38 can be pushed onto the coupling section 40, in particular the rosette.
- a fastening mechanism which automatically triggers to couple the attachment means 38 to the coupling portion 40 when the attachment portion has been slid over the slot onto the coupling portion 40.
- a bolt is guided through a receiving region of the coupling section 40 in order to lock the fastening means 38 on the coupling section 40.
- In the receiving area is one of the corresponding openings of the coupling portion 40, so the rosette.
- the attachment means 38 is, for example, a module frame wedge connection.
- the vertically extending rail element 36 comprises a travel section 42 which is formed via regular openings 44 in a surface 46 of the corresponding vertically extending rail element 36.
- the openings 44 are arranged periodically at a regular distance, wherein they cooperate with the coupling portion 30 of the carriage module 28, as will be explained.
- the vertically extending rail member 36 can be made from a metal sheet that has been bent, for example by means of a (CNC) bending machine.
- the metal sheet may be a steel sheet to provide the required rigidity.
- the thickness of the metal sheet may be between 2 mm and 4 mm, in particular 3 mm.
- the corresponding vertically extending rail element 36 has essentially an ⁇ shape, wherein the upper, coherent section which defines the travel section 42 is flat is formed so that the carriage module 28 can move along the procedural section 42.
- the free ends are again bent relative to a real ⁇ shape, in particular twice, so that they face the opening of the " ⁇ .” Due to the shape of the rail element 36, a high bending stiffness is ensured with a low material input, so that the respective rail element 36 is light but is resistant to bending.
- the vertically extending rail element 36 has on its rear side 48 a substantially continuous slot 50, via which the respective, modularly constructed fastening means 38 can be inserted and displaced into the vertically extending rail element 36.
- the respective fastening means 38 can thus be moved along the slot 50 in order to be adapted to the position of the usually fixed coupling sections 40 of the vertically extending frame elements 16. This ensures a correspondingly simple installation of the rail system 12.
- the fastening means 38 can be selected as a function of the built-up framework, in particular the framework type, and coupled accordingly to the vertically extending rail element 36. For this purpose it is inserted and pushed to the appropriate position. It is then fixed so that it is attached to the rail member 36.
- the positions of the fasteners 38 may then be fixed accordingly via fixation means or fixation mechanisms to prevent unwanted relative movement.
- the length of the vertically extending rail member 36 may be 0.5 m, 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 4 m or more, with the appropriate length to the commonly used lengths of the vertically extending Scaffolding elements 16 is adjusted, which are standardized. Accordingly, intermediate lengths or shorter vertically extending rail elements 36 may be provided.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show a further rail element 23 used in the rail system 12, namely a horizontally extending rail element Rail member 52 which is formed substantially in an analogous manner to the vertically extending rail member 36.
- the horizontally extending rail element 52 differs only in the type of connection to the scaffolding 14, in particular the scaffolding elements 16.
- fastening means 54 via which the horizontally extending rail member 52 with the corresponding coupling portions 40, for example the rosettes , the vertically extending scaffolding elements 16 is coupled.
- the attachment means 54 and the coupling portions 40 of the framework members 16 may be a butt joint.
- the fastening means 54 for the horizontally extending rail element 52 are each at an angle ⁇ from the corresponding coupling portion 40, wherein the angle ⁇ to the horizontally extending frame member 16, to which the horizontally extending rail member 52 is to be arranged between 10 ° and 90 ° , in particular about 45 °.
- the horizontally extending rail element 52 is formed shorter than the corresponding horizontally extending frame element 16 in the embodiment shown. Otherwise, the horizontally extending rail member 52 as well as the vertically extending rail member 36 has a substantially ⁇ -shape, wherein a Verahrabêt 42 is provided with regular openings 44 on a surface 46 of the horizontally extending rail member 52. Likewise, the horizontally extending rail element 52 has on its rear side 48 a substantially continuous slot 50, via which the position of the fastening means 54 can be adjusted.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show in detail how the carriage module 28 is arranged on a rail element 23, in particular a vertically extending rail element 36 (see FIG. 4) and a horizontally extending rail element 52 (see FIG. 5).
- the carriage module 28 comprises a coupling section 30, which in the embodiment shown is formed by four separately formed gripping units 56, of which, however, only two gripping units 56 are shown in the figures.
- the four gripping units 56 are each arranged in pairs opposite the carriage module 28, so that each carriage module 28 comprises two gripping units 56, which are arranged in the direction of movement during operation, and two further gripping units 56, which are arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- the carriage module 28 with at least one gripping unit 56 is constantly coupled to the corresponding rail element 23, so that the carriage module 28 is arranged captively on the rail system 12.
- the corresponding gripping units 56 ensure that the carriage module 28 is nevertheless arranged to be movable, since they only surround the corresponding rail element 23 at least partially.
- the gripping units 56 have, in particular, a gripping section 58 which corresponds to the ⁇ shape of the rail elements 23, that is to say a clamp-like gripping.
- the gripping portion 58 engages, for example, in a recess of the substantially ⁇ -shaped rail elements 23, so that the carriage module 28 is guided securely.
- the four gripping units 56 form a gripping mechanism and a direction change mechanism 59, which will be explained below with reference to FIG. From FIG. 1 it can be seen that the vertically extending rail sections 22 are continuous, which means that the carriage module 28 along a corresponding vertically extending rail portion 22 can be moved without braking because there are no interruptions.
- the carriage module 28 If the carriage module 28 is to be moved in the horizontal direction via a vertically extending rail section 22, the carriage module 28 encounters an interruption. Due to the pairwise design of the gripping units 56 it is ensured that gaps or interruptions can be run over, so that the carriage module 28 can nevertheless be moved without braking. The gap or interruption to be bridged depends on the size of the carriage module 28, in particular the spacing of the gripping units 56 of a pair.
- a carriage module 28 moves along a vertical rail section 22 to an intersection 24 where the carriage module 28 is to change its direction of travel from a vertical movement to a horizontal movement.
- the front in the direction of movement gripping unit 56 can be solved so that the carriage module 28 is coupled only via the rear in the direction of movement gripping unit 56 with the corresponding vertically extending rail member 36.
- the carriage module 28 is then moved to the intersection 24, so that the two provided for vertical movement gripping units 56 are assigned to different vertical rail elements 36 of the rail system 12.
- the carriage module 28 is moved to the intersection 24 without disengaging one of the two gripping units 56, since the corresponding interruption or gap can be run over by the carriage module 28.
- the two gripping units 56 provided for the horizontal movement are also associated with two different horizontally extending rail elements 52. However, both provided for the horizontal movement gripping units 56 are still in the inactive state.
- At least one corresponding intended for the horizontal movement Gripping unit 56 is driven to engage with the corresponding horizontally extending rail member 52, whereby the carriage module 28 is temporarily coupled to both at least one horizontally extending rail member 52 and at least one vertically extending rail member 36.
- the carriage module 28 is coupled during movement via one or two gripping units 56 on the corresponding rail element 23.
- the respective coupling section 30 of a slide module 28 comprises a slide unit 60, via which the slide module 28 is moved along the rail elements 23.
- the corresponding slide unit 60 interacts with the openings 44 of the procedural section 42 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), wherein the slide unit 60 comprises, for example, a profile roller or a profile wheel, wherein the corresponding profile has projections corresponding to the openings 44, which project into the opening 44 engage when the carriage module 28 is moved along the rail members 23.
- the slide unit 60 may be coupled to a drive integrated in the slide module 28, which drives the slide unit 60, in particular the profile roller or the profile wheel.
- the drive is located in the housing of the carriage module 28, which is why it is not visible in the figures.
- the gripping units 56 and the sliding unit 60 together constitute a gripping-sliding mechanism 62 of the carriage module 28.
- the coupling section 30 thus comprises a direction change mechanism 59 and a gripper-sliding mechanism 62.
- a common gripping-sliding mechanism 62 may be formed, so that the sliding function is integrated, for example, in the corresponding gripping units 56.
- the rail elements 23, which form the vertically extending rail sections 22 and the horizontally extending rail sections 20, may be connected to one another at the intersections 24.
- the carriage modules 28 then have a correspondingly formed gripping / sliding mechanism 62, which allows the carriage modules 28 to cross over such crossings 24 and change their direction of movement there.
- the special gripping-sliding mechanism 62 can be realized by a defined control sequence of the gripping units 56.
- FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a slide module 28 arranged on a vertically extending rail element 36, to the support section 32 of which schematically illustrated a load-bearing unit 34 is coupled.
- the support portion 32 is modular, so that different load receiving units 34 can be coupled to the support portion 32.
- it is a clip or clamp connection, so that the corresponding load-bearing unit 34 is coupled by pressure to the carriage module 28, in particular its support section 32.
- the illustrated load-bearing unit 34 comprises a support frame 64 and a core 66 arranged in the support frame 64, which is suitable for receiving different objects. This can be clearly seen from the figures 7a to 7f, in which the construction of the load-bearing unit 34 is shown in more detail.
- the core 66 can be pushed onto the corresponding support frame 64.
- this can be done from the left or the right side or from both sides.
- the support frame 64 of the load-bearing unit 34 is correspondingly coupled directly to the support portion 32 of the carriage module 28 in a modular manner.
- the support frame 64 itself may also be modular, so that different cores 66 can be inserted into the support frame 64.
- the core 66 shown in FIG. 7 is designed so that it can receive standard scaffolding elements 16 for scaffolding in order to produce a further element of the scaffolding 14.
- the core 66 is provided for receiving at least four horizontally extending scaffolding elements 16, two supporting board coverings 18 and two vertically extending scaffolding elements 16, as shown. In general, however, the core 66 can accommodate more objects.
- the core 66 comprises a safety mechanism 68, via which the objects, for example scaffolding elements 16, introduced into the load-receiving unit 34, in particular the core 66, can be correspondingly secured. This ensures that the objects to be transported can not detach from the carriage module 28 and fall off.
- the safety mechanism 68 in the embodiment shown, is formed by a folding mechanism and retaining members 70 coupled thereto that are operable on the outsides of the core 66. Over this, the holding elements 70 can be adjusted to be transferred to a receiving position in which the core 66 can be loaded; see in particular FIG. 7b.
- a load-bearing unit 34 can be arranged on the carrying section 32 of the carriage module 28, with which persons can also be transported.
- the appropriately trained load-bearing unit 34 accordingly has a basket or the like, with which people can be transported.
- FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of a scaffold transport system 10 according to the invention, which substantially corresponds to that of FIG.
- the scaffold transport system 10 shown in FIG. 8 comprises at least one further horizontally extending rail section 20, which runs essentially perpendicular to the horizontally extending rail sections 20 shown in FIG. 1, ie in an additional, third plane to the plane of the scaffold transport system 10 constructed by FIG ,
- the at least one further horizontally extending rail section 20 is connected to the other horizontally extending rail section 20 via a rail cam 72 extending over a corner of the scaffolding 14.
- the scaffold transport system 10 and the rail system 12 are formed in three dimensions, since two two-dimensional rail networks, which are substantially perpendicular to each other, are coupled to one another via the rail cam element 72.
- the rail system 12 shown in FIG. 1 is therefore a two-dimensional rail network.
- the correspondingly constructed rail networks each represent a rail plane, which is spanned by the horizontal and vertical direction, which corresponds to the front of the frame 14.
- both two-dimensional railroad networks do not yet have two-dimensionally closed rail system areas 26, since only one horizontally extending rail section 20 per railroad network is provided.
- a further horizontally extending rail section 20 may be installed at the upper scaffolding levels, respectively, to form two-dimensionally closed rail system areas 26 so that adjacent rail system areas 26 of the rail system 12 are then coupled to each other via the rail curve element 72.
- the two two-dimensional rail networks can consequently be connected to one another via the rail curve element 72 in order to form the three-dimensional rail system 12.
- at least one carriage module 28 moves over both two-dimensional rail networks, so that the carriage module can also be moved around curves or corners of the scaffolding 14.
- material can thus be transported over long distances in an automated manner, in particular over corners of a building.
- the carriage module 28 is loaded or unloaded, wherein the carriage module 28 is moved between the two positions 74, 76 along the rail system 12, in particular along the rail cam element 72.
- the rail cam 72 is an outer cam member.
- a rail cam element 72 is shown, which allows an inner curve.
- the rail system 12 and thus the scaffold transport system 10 can also cover complex forms of frameworks 14.
- the scaffold transport system 10 as well as the described method can be used both for scaffolding construction and for scaffolding dismantling.
- the scaffold transport system 10 as well as the explained method for the transport of material, for example building material, or persons can be used, in particular with an already completed scaffold 14.
- the scaffold 14 can then be considered as a scaffold for the scaffold transport system 10.
- the transport of the objects takes place in an efficient manner, since the transport takes place automatically. If a plurality of slide modules 28 are used, a constant flow of material is also ensured since, despite long distances, material can be made available at a desired cycle rate.
- an efficient scaffold transport system 10 and methods are provided with which, in particular, scaffolding or scaffolding removal is simplified and accelerated. At the same time, security is increased as human errors are minimized.
- a system controller 78 is provided for controlling the scaffold transport system 10, in particular the movement of the individual carriage modules 28 (see FIG. 1).
- the system controller 78 may be formed as a central unit communicating with the carriage modules 28 or a remote unit comprising a plurality of control modules communicating with each other to collectively control the system controller 78 train.
- the carriage modules 28 each include a control module, wherein the carriage modules 28 communicate with each other.
- the system controller 78 comprises a central control unit 80 and the individual carriage modules 28 each include control modules 81 which all communicate with each other.
- the central control unit 80 may be operated by the user to control the at least one carriage module 28.
- the central control unit 80 is a portable device that is worn by the user.
- control units 80 which are either assigned to a specific section of the rail system 12, that is to say the carriage modules 28 located there. Also, in the case of a plurality of control units 80, they may be provided with a hierarchy such that a (central) central) control unit 80 forms the main control unit.
- the at least one (portable) central control unit 80 makes it possible to easily implement, inter alia, the following functions of the scaffold transport system 10:
- the user can actively intervene via the (portable) central control unit 80 in the movement sequences of the at least one slide module 28 or is transmitted its position in order to prevent a collision, as already explained above.
- system controller 78 may be provided to include artificial intelligence or machine learning techniques that enable the actuation of the carriage modules 28 to become more efficient and / or more autonomous in the course of operation of the scaffold transport system 10.
- system controller 78 may consider different security protocols or security rules in driving the individual carriage modules 28 to comply with desired security standards.
- the system controller 78 takes into account that people are not in danger, so that in principle a sufficiently large distance between a moving carriage module 28 and a person is maintained.
- the system controller 78 can access sensor data which are detected by sensors 82 which are carried, for example, on the individual carriage modules 28, the rail system 12, in particular intersections 24, and / or the persons located on site. Accordingly, it is possible, inter alia, to automatically detect the position of the workers and / or the carriage modules 28 and to take into account in the movement control of the carriage modules 28, so that neither persons are endangered or carriage modules 28 collide with each other.
- the framework 14 can be constructed by constructing the first two to three scaffolding levels or scaffolding areas in a conventional manner, with the horizontally extending rail section 20 being installed at the first scaffolding level.
- material in particular scaffolding elements 16 and / or rail elements 23, can be transported to the desired places of use by means of the carriage module 28 in order to expand the rail system 12 and / or the framework 14.
- the rail system 12 can be due to the expand modular structure of the individual rail elements 23 in the desired manner.
- a continuous flow of material can be provided by, for example, operating multiple carriage modules 28 simultaneously via the system controller 78 (see FIG. 1). As a result, the efficiency can be increased accordingly.
- corresponding unloading positions can be defined which correspond to the places where the workers are located. This ensures that the material is delivered to the desired place of use.
- the system controller 78 may have detected the rail system 12 control technology, for example as a two- or three-dimensional map.
- the intersections 24 can represent reference or node points for the system controller 78.
- the scaffold transport system 10 can be operated manually via a control unit, semi-automated or fully automated, the degree of automation depending on the wishes of the operator of the scaffold transport system 10.
- the speed of the carriage modules 28 can be adjusted, wherein in fully automated operation, a maximum speed of up to 60 m / min is provided. It can also be provided in the partially automated control that the workers enter manually whether the corresponding carriage module 28 has been unloaded or loaded.
- the carriage modules 28 are designed to carry at least twice their own weight as a load, for example a load of at least about 60 kg with a dead weight of 30 kg, the carriage modules 28 can usually transport loads above 100 kg.
- the energy supply of the individual carriage modules 28 is ensured by means of batteries, for example Li-ion batteries, which may be designed as accumulators.
- the system controller 78 may monitor the battery status of the carriage modules 28 and control them to automatically move to a charge collection point, as long as the charge status is critical.
- the corresponding carriage module 28 can then be replaced by an already fully loaded carriage module 28, which is possible because the carriage modules 28 are modular and thus universally applicable. Charging a discharged carriage module 28 takes about 1 to 5 hours.
- the rail system 12 is implemented simultaneously with the framework 14.
- the section of the scaffold transport system 10 shown in FIG. 10 shows a changing station 84, at which a carriage module 28 can be refitted by coupling a new load-bearing unit 34 to the carrying section 32 of the carriage module 28.
- the new load-bearing unit 34 can already be pre-loaded in the changing station 84, so that the (empty) load-receiving unit 34 returned by the carriage module 28 is replaced by the new (loaded) load-receiving unit 34.
- the efficiency can be correspondingly increased since the carriage module 28 is only decoupled from the old load-receiving unit 34 and coupled to the new load-bearing unit 34.
- the changing station 84 may include a removable platform 86, so that the load receiving unit 34 is in a height suitable for the operator.
- At least one loading position 74 is located at the change station
- the changing station 84 may generally be used in the scaffolding transport system 10.
- the scaffold transport system 10 includes a plurality of changing stations 84, for example, an upper changing station 84 for unloading and a lower changing station 84 for loading the respective carriage module 28. Thereby, the efficiency can be further increased because there are no time losses due to loading or unloading.
- FIG. 1 another scaffold transport system 10 is shown, which has only a vertically extending rail section 22, in particular consists of this.
- the carriage module 28 thus moves along the vertically extending rail section 22 to transport building material or the like from a lower level, particularly the floor, to a higher level of the scaffolding 14.
- the carriage module 28 may be formed in a manner analogous to the previous embodiments.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102017109839.9A DE102017109839A1 (de) | 2017-05-08 | 2017-05-08 | Gerüsttransportsystem, Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Gerüsttransportsystems sowie Verwendung eines Gerüsttransportsystems |
PCT/EP2018/061847 WO2018206566A1 (de) | 2017-05-08 | 2018-05-08 | Gerüsttransportsystem, verfahren zur steuerung eines gerüsttransportsystems sowie verwendung eines gerüsttransportsystems |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3622130A1 true EP3622130A1 (de) | 2020-03-18 |
EP3622130B1 EP3622130B1 (de) | 2023-04-19 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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EP18725438.8A Active EP3622130B1 (de) | 2017-05-08 | 2018-05-08 | Gerüsttransportsystem, verfahren zur steuerung eines gerüsttransportsystems sowie verwendung eines gerüsttransportsystems |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US11821223B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3622130B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102017109839A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018206566A1 (de) |
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DE102022105482A1 (de) * | 2022-03-09 | 2023-09-14 | Wilhelm Layher Verwaltungs-Gmbh | Gerüstelement |
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2017
- 2017-05-08 DE DE102017109839.9A patent/DE102017109839A1/de active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-05-08 WO PCT/EP2018/061847 patent/WO2018206566A1/de unknown
- 2018-05-08 EP EP18725438.8A patent/EP3622130B1/de active Active
- 2018-05-08 US US16/611,776 patent/US11821223B2/en active Active
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EP3622130B1 (de) | 2023-04-19 |
US11821223B2 (en) | 2023-11-21 |
DE102017109839A1 (de) | 2018-12-20 |
WO2018206566A1 (de) | 2018-11-15 |
US20200095784A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
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