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EP3350251A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose

Info

Publication number
EP3350251A1
EP3350251A1 EP16791304.5A EP16791304A EP3350251A1 EP 3350251 A1 EP3350251 A1 EP 3350251A1 EP 16791304 A EP16791304 A EP 16791304A EP 3350251 A1 EP3350251 A1 EP 3350251A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
refiner
lignocellulose
thermoplastic
melted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16791304.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Krause
Oliver Mertens
Othar Kordsachia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universitaet Hamburg
Original Assignee
Universitaet Hamburg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universitaet Hamburg filed Critical Universitaet Hamburg
Publication of EP3350251A1 publication Critical patent/EP3350251A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/53—Mixing liquids with solids using driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/57—Mixing high-viscosity liquids with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B01F23/711—Heating materials, e.g. melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/83—Mixing plants specially adapted for mixing in combination with disintegrating operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/10—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by grinding, e.g. by triturating; by sieving; by filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B29B7/905—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres with means for pretreatment of the charges or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B29B7/92—Wood chips or wood fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/94—Liquid charges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/2805—Mixing plastics, polymer material ingredients, monomers or oligomers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
    • B01F33/8361—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating
    • B01F33/83613—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating by grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2323/12—Polypropene

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a lignocellulosic plastic composite material and a lignocellulose plastic composite material produced or producible thereby.
  • Lignocellulose-containing raw materials such as e.g. Wood, bamboo or various natural fibers are increasingly being used as reinforcing or filling components in composite materials. This happens both due to a scarcity of raw materials as well as for reasons of
  • WPC wood-plastic-composites
  • NFK natural-fiber-reinforced composites
  • LKC lignocellulosic plastic composite or composite materials
  • extruders in particular co-rotating twin-screw extruder, but also internal mixers or slotted kneaders
  • the individual components lignocellulose, plastic and optionally additives
  • the materials are fed by appropriate devices the screw channel of the extruder, melted in the screw channel and mixed and discharged at the end of the process through a nozzle, cooled and crushed into granules.
  • lignocellulose-containing material In general, lignocellulose-containing material must be dried technically prior to thermoplastic processing, because excessively high humidities on the one hand lead to processes that are difficult to control (sudden loss of water vapor) and, on the other hand, the water that is contained must be evaporated with great energy expenditure. Due to their hygroscopic properties, the lignocelluloses absorb moisture from the environment, so that even after drying, moisture is returned to the composite. This means that even after drying water is absorbed by the material, which must be re-evaporated during the processing process.
  • Dosing capability Due to the low bulk density, the fibers keep each other at a distance and interlock with each other whereby a dosage is prevented in a continuous processing process. Material drying reduces the flexibility of the refractory fibers, i. they become stiffer and tend to snag each other. If this happens, the material intake increases
  • Agglomeration Due to the drying process, finely divided, e.g. milled or fibrous lignocellulose agglomerates. These agglomerates have such a high internal strength that they are not restored by the following
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an improved over the prior art, in particular easier and more cost-effective way to produce lignocellulose plastic composite materials.
  • the present invention provides a method for producing a lignocellulosic plastic composite, wherein
  • Thermoplastic particles and a mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles are fed to a refiner, and
  • thermoplastic particles are supplied to the refiner up or melted up or melted up in the refmer, so that the up or melted
  • lignocellulose-containing raw materials in the form of, for example, fibers, chips, chips or flour and flowable thermoplastic
  • thermoplastic particles fed to a refiner.
  • the thermoplastic particles in the melted or fused state with fibrillated lignocellulosic particles to a
  • Thermoplastics and lignocellulose-containing material are mixed in one process in such a way that a composite product (compound) is produced for preferably direct further processing in subsequent thermoplastic processes.
  • the present invention thus makes possible for the first time a wet compounding of thermoplastics and lignocellulose-containing material.
  • thermoplastic and lignocellulose without additional fiber destruction can be achieved.
  • the compound thus prepared can be mixed with conventional
  • Shaping process such as e.g. thermoplastic technology (extrusion, injection molding, compression molding).
  • larger throughputs production quantities
  • a “composite material”, also referred to as “composite material” or “compound”, is understood as meaning a material made of two or more materials connected by means of a fabric or form fit or a combination thereof, whereby the composite material has other, usually better, material properties than its individual components.
  • lignocellulosic Plastic composite Under a "lignocellulosic Plastic composite 'is here a composite of one or more
  • Plastics in particular a thermoplastic, and a lignocellulose-containing material understood.
  • lignocellulose-containing material if appropriate synonymous as
  • “Lignocellulosic material” herein is preferably understood to mean a material composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in different proportions, but the term includes not only a material consisting predominantly or wholly of lignocellulose, but rather also lignin-free hemicellulose / Cellulose fibers if the lignin has been wholly or partly depleted by appropriate chemical pulping (CTMP, pulp or semi-pulp) The term also includes materials which, in addition to lignocellulose, hemicellulose and / or cellulose, also contain other constituents.
  • CMP chemical pulping
  • lignocellulose-containing particles refers to particles of lignocellulose-containing material
  • lignocellulose-containing particles are wood shavings, woodchips, wood fibers and wood flour.
  • a mixture of water and lignocellulosic particles is meant a mixture of lignocellulosic particles and added water, in particular a mixture of lignocellulosic particles, for example wood particles, and water, the
  • Water content above the fiber saturation of the lignocellulosic particles lies.
  • the term also includes mixtures which contain other constituents in addition to water and lignocellulose-containing particles. In particular, however, the term refers to mixtures containing only water and lignocellulosic particles.
  • aqueous suspension of lignocellulose-containing particles and thermoplastic particles is a suspension of lignocellulose-containing particles suspended in water and
  • the suspension may also contain, for example, additives, for example lubricants, adhesion promoters or the like.
  • a "refiner” is understood to mean a grinding or comminution device which is usually used in the pulp and / or wood-based material industry and which serves for grinding or defibrating lignocellulosic material for the production of fibrous materials.
  • the lignocellulose is added to the refiner usually in the form of wood chips, sawdust or fiber. As a rule, refiner have a static grinding element (stator) and a rotating grinding element (rotor).
  • a “disk refiner” is understood as meaning a refiner with opposing grinding disks, between which a grinding gap is formed, in which the grinding stock is ground, whereby usually a grinding disk (rotor) rotates in relation to a second fixed grinding disk (stator) Refiner with more than two grinding discs, eg double disc refiner with double grinding set and two
  • the grinding discs are regularly crushed, e.g.
  • the material to be ground is conveyed, for example, by a plug screw into the center of the grinding discs, and then finally to be conveyed by the rotor and the resulting centrifugal forces to the outside of the housing.
  • the material to be ground is conveyed, for example, by a plug screw into the center of the grinding discs, and then finally to be conveyed by the rotor and the resulting centrifugal forces to the outside of the housing.
  • Material discharge takes place through radially or tangentially arranged openings on the refiner housing. In the industrial process, the material is often continuously fed to and removed from the refiner.
  • thermoplastic is meant a thermoplastic polymer or a mixture of thermoplastic polymers
  • Thermoplastics are plastics that can be reversibly deformed in a specific temperature range (thermo-plastic)
  • thermoplastics are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP ), Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyamide (PA), polylactate (PLA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), thermoplastic starch (TPS ) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • the term "melted on” with respect to thermoplastic particles means that it at least partially heats at its surface above its glass transition temperature were so that the particles are at least viscous in at least a portion of its surface.
  • the quantitative ratio between thermoplastic and lignocellulosic material is variable.
  • the lignocellulose content preferably ranges between 10 and 90% by weight, more preferably between 20 and 80% by weight, particularly preferably between 30 and 70% by weight, based on the weight of the compound.
  • thermoplastic particles can either be melted up or melted in the refiner, for example, by shearing forces arising therefrom and / or heating of the rhombus, or fed to the refiner already in the up or melted state.
  • the method according to the invention the
  • Thermoplastic particles at least predominantly up in the refiner or melted.
  • the refiner can for this purpose have corresponding heaters or be heated by appropriate heaters.
  • an electrical heating of a Mahlgarnitur for example, one or both grinding discs in the case of a Scheibenrefmers be made.
  • the refiner can be heated by superheated steam.
  • the thermoplastic particles, which may have already been melted or fused on, and the mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles may be fed to the refiner separately or together. For example, those, possibly already up or
  • thermoplastic particles are added separately before refining a mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles and fed to the refiner together with the mixture of the water and the lignocellulose-containing particles.
  • thermoplastic particles can also be fed to the refiner separately and brought together in the refiner. However, it is preferred to co-feed the thermoplastic particles and the mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles to the refiner. If appropriate, the thermoplastic particles may be melted or melted by suitable means before being added to the mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles, preferably just before the refiner.
  • an aqueous suspension of lignocellulose-containing particles and thermoplastic particles is fed to the refiner, the thermoplastic particles in the refiner are melted up or fibrillated and the lignocellulose-containing particles are fiberized so that the molten thermoplastic particles and the fibrillated lignocellulose-containing particles in the composite particle refiner particles form.
  • the temperature in the refiner is at or above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic particles. Unless a mixture of different thermoplastics with
  • the temperature in the refiner is at or above the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic having the highest glass transition temperature. This is particularly preferred in embodiments of the method according to the invention, in which the
  • thermoplastic particles are first melted or melted in the refiner. But this is also advantageous in embodiments in which the thermoplastic particles are supplied to the refiner already up or melted, for example, a cooling of the
  • the heat energy required for melting or melting the thermoplastic particles is at least partially generated by shearing energy in the refiner.
  • such a shear energy can be generated on the choice of Mahlommenabstands, the Mahlinngarnitur, the rotational speed of the grinding disc (s) and the supply (type, pressure and speed of the material to be crushed) that the thermoplastic material is on or melted and when passing radially along the grinding set of the stator and rotor with the fibrillated lignocellulose-containing material connects.
  • the required heat energy can optionally be applied exclusively by the resulting shear energy.
  • the required thermal energy may also be provided in addition or exclusively by heating the grinding set of the rhombus, e.g. by electrical
  • the refiner is a disk refiner with grinding disks, the supply of the thermoplastic particles and the mixture of water and lignocellulose-containing particles takes place centrally via a grinding disk and the material composite particles are discharged radially or tangentially with respect to the grinding disks.
  • plastic and lignocellulosic material are placed centrally in the grinding gap between the grinding discs, the coumpounding (crushing, mixing and possibly melting) is continued radially or tangentially from the inside out to the edge of the grinding discs, and the resulting composite material is on delivered to the outer edges of the grinding discs, where it can be collected and optionally further treated, for example, can be separated from the suspension liquid.
  • the resulting composite material particles are at least largely separated from excess liquid.
  • the lignocellulose-containing particles are wood chips,
  • thermoplastics may be, for example, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyamide (PA), polylactate (PLA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET ), Polystyrene (PS),
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • PA polyamide
  • PLA polylactate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PS Polystyrene
  • thermoplastic starch TPS
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • Additives such as lubricants, adhesion promoters, etc. can be added to the thermoplastics.
  • the invention also relates to a lignocellulosic Kunststoffsto ff composite material, which is produced by a method according to the invention or can be produced.
  • the invention is described below purely by way of illustration with reference to FIG.
  • Figure 1 Schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention.
  • the refiner 1 is a disc refiner with two grinding discs 2, 3, which form a grinding gap 5, in a housing 4.
  • the first grinding disc (stator grinding disc) 2 is fixed, the second grinding disc (rotor grinding disc) 3 rotates about the axis 10, as indicated by the arrow.
  • a screw conveyor 6 is arranged through which material to be ground can be introduced centrally into the grinding gap 5.
  • the material to be ground can be fed via a hopper 7 on the screw conveyor 6.
  • the housing 4 has on its upper side via a line 8, can be passed through the superheated steam into the interior of the housing 4.
  • an outlet 9 is provided, can be removed from the housing 4 via the finished product.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the structure of a rhombus, as it was used in Embodiment 2.
  • the refiner 1 differs essentially in that instead of a funnel 7, a boiler 12 was used.
  • Exemplary Embodiment 1 For the experiments described below, a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and spruce sawdust were used for the wet compounding according to the invention. In this case, a mixing ratio of 60% spruce chips and 40% LDPE (mass fractions) was used. Before defibering in the refiner, the sawdust was pre-cooked in a so-called paddle reactor at 170 ° C for 6 minutes. In the process, about 10 L of water was added to the 5 kg chips. By such a hydrothermal pretreatment, the middle lamella of the wood fibers is softened, whereby the modulus of elasticity decreases and the defibration in the refiner is facilitated.
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene
  • LDPE low-density polyethylene
  • the refiner 1 For reflow or melting of the polymer in the refiner 1, the refiner 1 was charged with steam (T approximately 100 ° C.) via the line 8 and preheated (see FIG. Due to the open system, the pre-heating of the Reimers 1 by steam only up to a temperature of about 100 ° C was possible. Further energy input, which causes the polymer to melt or melt, was introduced into the system by shearing energy generated by defibration of the shavings and polymer granules. During defibering, the refiner 1 was continuously steamed.
  • the grinding disc spacing and thus the thickness of the grinding gap 5 was set to 0.1 mm.
  • the material was fed through the hopper 7 to the grinding unit, shredded and discharged by centrifugal forces at the lower end of the housing 4 Refmergephaseuses 4 via the outlet.
  • the residence time of the material in the Refmer 1 was from the
  • the produced wet compound was heavily fiberized compared to the starting material.
  • the polymer was heavily comminuted compared to the starting material and not visible to the naked eye. Signs of molten polymer were visually recognizable. Subsequent separation of wood and thermoplastic (e.g., by slurrying) was no longer possible.
  • the material was previously mixed by hand with the addition of water and then added to the digester 12. Prior to defibering, the materials were added for up to 10 minutes Heated to 125 ° C and 145 ° C. The disc distance of the rhombus was set to 0.1 mm. After heating, the material mixture was transported by steam pressure (manually controllable), starting from the digester, as well as a screw conveyor between the refracting discs, there frayed and discharged by centrifugal force tangentially through a valve opening (10 mm).
  • thermoplastic is apparently shredded and inseparably bonded to the wood fiber.
  • HDPE Density 0.954 g / cm 3 3.3 3.3 30 Sabic TC 3054 Melting temperature: 132 ° C
  • Fi / Ta wood chips fraction 5.5 50 10 min.
  • Type Rettenmaier FS 14 2.5-4.0 mm at 125 ° C
  • HDPE Density 0.954 g / cm 3 50 Sabic TC 3054 Melt Temp .: 132 ° C
  • Fi / Ta wood chips fraction 70 10 min.
  • Type Rettenmaier FS 14 2.5-4.0 mm at 145 ° C PP density: 0.905 g / cm 3
  • Fi / Ta wood chips fraction Type: Rettenmaier FS 14 2,5-4,0 mm

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose. Le but de la présente invention est de pouvoir produire des matériaux composites à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose d'une façon améliorée, en particulier plus simple et moins onéreuse, par rapport à l'état de la technique. Pour atteindre ce but, la présente invention propose un procédé de production d'un matériau composite à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : a. des particules thermoplastiques et un mélange d'eau, de particules contenant de la lignocellulose et de particules thermoplastiques alimentent un raffineur et b. les particules contenant de la lignocellulose sont défibrées dans le raffineur. De plus, les particules thermoplastiques sont amenées à l'état fondu au raffineur ou sont fondues dans le raffineur de telle sorte que les particules thermoplastiques fondues et les particules défibrées contenant de la lignocellulose forment des particules de matériau composite dans le raffineur.
EP16791304.5A 2015-09-14 2016-08-16 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite à base de matière synthétique et de lignocellulose Withdrawn EP3350251A1 (fr)

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CN110575806A (zh) * 2019-06-28 2019-12-17 范儒毅 一种纤维级聚丙烯生产设备
CN110886122A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-03-17 湖南工业大学 植物纤维纤维素提纯装置
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US10662301B2 (en) 2020-05-26
CN108137826B (zh) 2021-02-09
US20180258242A1 (en) 2018-09-13
WO2017045676A1 (fr) 2017-03-23
CA2998230A1 (fr) 2017-03-23
CN108137826A (zh) 2018-06-08

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