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EP3294442B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erzeugen von gasblasen in einer flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erzeugen von gasblasen in einer flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3294442B1
EP3294442B1 EP16725392.1A EP16725392A EP3294442B1 EP 3294442 B1 EP3294442 B1 EP 3294442B1 EP 16725392 A EP16725392 A EP 16725392A EP 3294442 B1 EP3294442 B1 EP 3294442B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow shaft
gas
liquid
compressed gas
gassing
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EP16725392.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3294442A1 (de
Inventor
Matan BEERY
Gregor TYCHEK
Johanna LUDWIG
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Akvola Technologies GmbH
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Akvola Technologies GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2332—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements the stirrer rotating about a horizontal axis; Stirrers therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
    • B01F23/23311—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a hollow stirrer axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
    • B01F23/23314—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a hollow stirrer element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/73—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with rotary discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/73—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with rotary discs
    • B01F27/731—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with rotary discs with two or more parallel shafts provided with perpendicularly mounted discs, e.g. lens shaped, one against the other on each shaft and in circumferential contact with the discs on the other shafts, e.g. for cleaning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for generating gas bubbles in a liquid according to claim 1 and a method for generating gas bubbles in a liquid using such a device according to claim 13.
  • Gas bubbles in liquids are necessary for a number of different applications, such as for the purpose of dissolving gas in the liquid.
  • An increasingly interesting and important application of gas bubbles in liquids is the purification of water and other liquids in a so-called flotation process.
  • Flotation is a gravity separation process used to separate solid-liquid or liquid-liquid systems.
  • gas bubbles for example from air
  • hydrophobic particles such as organic substances or biological waste products
  • these agglomerates accumulate to form a sludge layer which is easily mechanically separable.
  • the flotation effect is the stronger the higher the specific surface of the rising gases, to which the hydrophobic particles can accumulate from the water to be purified. Accordingly, the formation of micro bubbles with diameters of 10 to 100 microns in the form of a bubble swarm (also called "white water”) is desirable.
  • One way of introducing gas in the form of smallest bubbles into the liquid to be purified is effected by means of the known DAF process (dissolved air flotation).
  • a present in a liquid at elevated pressure in dissolved form gas is introduced into the liquid to be purified and by the pressure drop in the to be cleaned Liquid escapes the gas in the form of minute bubbles, which have a diameter in the micrometer range.
  • the DAF method enables very good separation of microalgae from other microorganisms, oils, colloids, and other organic and inorganic particles from highly loaded wastewater, but requires relatively high energy consumption due to the introduction of air into the liquid by means of a saturation column associated with high energy consumption. At high temperatures (greater than 30 ° C) and salt contents (greater than 30,000 ppm), the process is becoming increasingly inefficient or even ineffective.
  • WO 2008/013349 A1 For producing microbubbles for the removal of impurities in waste water ceramic discs are used, wherein the ceramic discs have a mean pore size between 0.01 .mu.m to 0.05 .mu.m.
  • such small pore sizes are in any case not practical when used for example by salt water or very heavily polluted water, eg muddy water, since saline or muddy water has a higher density or viscosity than normal water and adds the small pores of the ceramic discs.
  • the smaller the pore size the more difficult it is to produce bubbles on submerged porous surfaces and the greater the energy expenditure required for this.
  • the in the WO 2008/013349 A1 described membrane and device is therefore economically viable for large-scale use in any way.
  • document DE-A-1 940 779 discloses a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the following invention was therefore to provide a device and a method for generating gas bubbles in a liquid, which allow a cost-effective and practical large-scale use, in particular in the context of the purification of dirty water or salt water.
  • an apparatus for generating gas bubbles in a liquid, in particular in a salt-containing liquid and / or heavily contaminated liquid comprises at least one horizontally arranged in at least one container rotatable hollow shaft, at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably at least at least three or more vertically arranged on the horizontal rotatable hollow shaft ceramic gassing having a mean pore size between 0.05 .mu.m and 10 .mu.m, and at least one supply line for at least one compressed gas in the interior of the at least one rotatable hollow shaft, wherein the compressed gas directly without liquid carrier is entered in the supply line and hollow shaft.
  • the at least one hollow shaft comprises at least a first hollow shaft with a diameter d 3a and a second hollow shaft with a diameter d 3b , where d 3a ⁇ d 3b , so that the first hollow shaft is disposed within the second hollow shaft.
  • the hollow shaft consists of two (part) hollow shafts, which are interleaved or nested: a smaller diameter first (part) hollow shaft, which in a in Diameter larger, second (part) hollow shaft is arranged.
  • the diameter of the inner and outer hollow shaft can be between 10 and 50 mm, for example at 10, 20 and / or 40 mm.
  • the compressed gas is preferably conducted into the interior of the first (smaller) hollow shaft. Since the at least one first rotatable (smaller) hollow shaft consists of a gas-permeable material (for example perforated material), the gas can enter from the interior of the first (smaller) hollow shaft into the interior of the second (larger) hollow shaft.
  • a gas-permeable material for example perforated material
  • the gas permeability of the material of the first (smaller) hollow shaft can be effected by holes with a diameter of 1 to 5 mm, which are arranged or distributed at different positions. Also, the use of inserted into the material slots or a (stiff) network would be conceivable.
  • the first (smaller) hollow shaft and the second (larger) hollow shaft are preferably made of a metallic or a non-metallic material. Both hollow shafts can be in one-piece form.
  • the hollow shaft used in the present case can also be described as a type of hollow cylinder, wherein between the inner and outer lateral surface, a cavity or a hollow volume is provided, and wherein the inner circumferential surface is gas-permeable.
  • an apparatus for generating gas bubbles in a liquid, in particular microbubbles, which enables bubble generation by means of suitable gassing disks.
  • the compressed gas is for this purpose introduced into the horizontally mounted rotatable hollow shaft (inner, smaller and outer, larger hollow shaft) and passed through the gassing, which consist for example of a ceramic membrane with a gas channel in the liquid.
  • the gassing consist for example of a ceramic membrane with a gas channel in the liquid.
  • the ceramic membrane has a pore size of two microns, which causes the formation of bubbles having a bubble size between 40 to 60 microns. Due to the rotation of the hollow shaft and the ceramic disks mounted on the hollow shaft, shearing forces act on the gas bubbles emerging from the ceramic disks, which influence the size of the gas bubbles and the bubble swarm. The strength or size of the acting shear forces therefore has a direct influence on the effectiveness of blistering. The strength of the shear forces themselves is in turn influenced by the rotational speed of the hollow shaft, wherein the rotational speed of the hollow shaft can be up to 250 rpm.
  • the bubbles formed in the liquid in the form of a bubble swarm subsequently accumulate in the liquid particles of dirt (for example organic substances or biological substances) and rise in the form of a corresponding gas bubble agglomerate to the liquid surface.
  • the solid layer subsequently formed on the liquid surface can then be mechanically separated.
  • two horizontal rotatable hollow shafts are arranged offset parallel to one another.
  • Each of the hollow shafts has in each case at least one gassing disc, preferably at least two, in particular preferably at least three or more gassing discs. It is also generally possible and conceivable that not only 1 to 4 but also 10 to 100, preferably between 15 and 50, in particular preferably between 20 and 30 of the gassing disks are arranged on at least one hollow shaft, the number of ceramic disks being determined by the required gas quantity becomes.
  • the distance between the arranged on a hollow shaft ceramic discs is at least 2 cm.
  • At least one gassing disc rotates on a first hollow shaft in the same direction to at least one gassing disc on the second hollow shaft arranged in parallel horizontal offset. Accordingly, the gassing discs engage one another offset. In this case results in a phase shift of 180 °.
  • "Offset" in the sense of the present invention means that the hollow shafts are arranged laterally or spatially or horizontally offset from one another; that is to say the shaft holders or shaft bearings of the respective hollow shafts are preferably displaced relative to one another by a specific distance along a horizontal plane.
  • the gassing which are each arranged identically in a variant on the on each of the hollow shafts, thus do not touch due to the staggered arrangement of the hollow shafts, but rather engage in a staggered manner.
  • an offset arrangement of the individual gassing discs is conceivable and possible.
  • the hollow shafts would each be arranged parallel to each other, that is, the shaft mounts are each parallel to each other, however, the gassing on the respective hollow shaft may not be provided in a fixed predetermined configuration, but rather on each hollow shaft at a different distance from the respective Gas access to be arranged in the hollow shaft. This distance can be dimensioned so that the gassing discs can interlock offset.
  • the present device rotates the at least one hollow shaft with a rotational speed between 10 and 250 rpm, preferably between 100 and 200 rpm, more preferably between 150 and 180 rpm.
  • a lower rotation to Example between 50 and 100 rpm suffice.
  • the rotational speed of the hollow shafts and thus also the rotational speed of the gassing as well as gas quantity and gas pressure can be changed during the operation of the device depending on the desired bubble formation, that is quantity and size of the bubbles, online (life).
  • the at least one compressed gas to be introduced is selected from a group consisting of air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ozone, methane or natural gas.
  • Methane finds particular use in the Removal of oil and gas from a liquid, such as in the case of cleaning a fracking fluid.
  • Ozone in turn, can be used to purify aquaculture water for its oxidative and antibacterial properties.
  • the compressed gas is introduced as described above in the at least one supply line and consequently in the at least one hollow shaft directly without liquid carrier. Accordingly, a direct injection of the compressed gas takes place directly from a gas reservoir, such as a gas cylinder or a corresponding gas line.
  • the gas therefore does not require any liquid carrier, as is the case for example in the case of the DAF requirement, so that a recycle stream and a saturation column are eliminated and no compaction energy is required for achieving a high pressure level in the DAF recycle stream.
  • Another advantage of the direct injection of a compressed gas without liquid carrier is that it enables a simple and low-energy generation of microbubbles.
  • the gas pressure of the gas introduced into the at least one hollow shaft is between 1 and 5 bar, preferably between 2 and 3 bar.
  • the at least one compressed gas is introduced into the gas supply line at a pressure between 5 and 10 bar.
  • the pressure curve within the hollow shaft is preferably constant.
  • the at least one gassing disc consists of a ceramic material having an average pore size between 0.1 and 5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 2 and 3 ⁇ m. A pore size of 2 microns is the most advantageous.
  • the average bubble diameter, the gas bubbles introduced into the liquid via the gassing disk or gassing membrane may be between 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably between 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m.
  • the generation of bubbles on the gassing membrane or gassing disc can be influenced in particular by means of a suitable gas volume flow and pressure. The higher the pressure, the better more and more bubbles are created.
  • the set volume flow plays in the present case only a minor role.
  • the gassing disc has an outer diameter between 100 and 500 mm, preferably between 150 and 350 mm.
  • a particularly suitable material for the ceramic Begasungsscalen itself has proved, in particular alumina ⁇ -Al 2 O 3.
  • other ceramic oxides and non-oxides such as silicon carbide or zirconium oxide can be used.
  • the ceramic discs can be stretched on the hollow shaft in at least one area (clamping area) and are simultaneously sealed by the voltage with seals made of any materials.
  • the at least one clamping range is limited by two end pieces.
  • the ceramic discs are preferably spaced apart by spacers (spacers) made of metallic or non-metallic materials and whose dimensions may vary.
  • spacers spacers
  • the present construction of hollow shafts, end pieces, spacers and ceramic discs is rotatable.
  • the at least one hollow shaft made of stainless steel, such as V2A or 4VA, duplex or super duplex material, or plastic.
  • the overall diameter of the hollow shaft is between 10 and 50 mm.
  • the at least one hollow shaft is arranged in each case two shaft holders with corresponding bearings.
  • the at least one supply line for the compressed gas is provided in the hollow shaft, while at the opposite end of the hollow gas supply line for the gas arranged a corresponding motor for rotating the hollow shaft and, for example via a drive shaft connected is.
  • Such motors for driving hollow shafts are known and can be varied depending on the size of the system can be selected.
  • At least one device for generating a pulsation of the compressed gas is provided in the at least one feed line.
  • This pulsation generation apparatus may generate pulsation of the compressed gas at a frequency between 5 and 15 Hz, preferably between 7 and 13 Hz, more preferably between 9 and 11 Hz.
  • the at least one device for pulsation generation is a fluidic oscillator, an automatic valve, for example in the form of a solenoid valve, and / or a positive displacement compressor, for example in the form of a reciprocating compressor.
  • the pulsation of the compressed gas in the supply line can also be caused in the form of a pulsating compressed air.
  • the pulsation generation device provides a gas reflux of ⁇ 10 percent, preferably> 9 percent, or> 30 percent, preferably> 35 percent, during each pulsation.
  • a pulsation frequency in particular oscillation frequency of the compressed gas between 9 and 11 Hz, is particularly preferred since at this frequency microbubbles having an average bubble diameter of approximately 50 microns are produced.
  • the bubble diameter is greater than at a lower frequency.
  • bubbles in the liquid having a bubble size between 1 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, preferably between 20 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 30 and 89 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably between 45 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
  • the present device is used for generating gas bubbles in a plant for purifying a liquid, preferably water, in particular for purifying salt water or its pre-purification, of sludge-containing wastewater and other polluted liquids.
  • Such a system for purifying a liquid comprises at least one container with a device for generating gas bubbles as described above and at least one container (flotation cell) for receiving the at least one gas bubbles mixed liquid, said container has at least one filtration unit for the separation of organic constituents contained in the liquid.
  • the container with the device for gas bubble generation at least one flocculation unit for receiving the be preceded by a cleaning liquid and for receiving at least one flocculant for flocculation of constituents contained in the liquid.
  • the at least one flocculation unit, the at least one device for generating gas bubbles and the at least one container (flotation cell) with the at least one filtration unit arranged to each other such that they are in fluid communication with each other, so that with the flocculating agent added to the flocculating agent is transported from the flocculation unit into the apparatus for producing gas bubbles and subsequently out of this apparatus into the container (flotation cell) with the filtration unit.
  • the flocculation unit can either be designed as a separate unit separate from the other containers or be integrally connected to the other containers.
  • the liquid to be purified such as the water to be purified, is introduced into a suitable flocculating agent, such as Fe 3+ or Al 3+ salts, for example FeCl 3 , and optionally mixed intensively with the liquid using a stirrer.
  • a suitable flocculating agent such as Fe 3+ or Al 3+ salts, for example FeCl 3
  • the liquid added in the flocculation unit with the flocculating agent is then preferably transferred to the at least one container with the device for producing the gas bubbles in the form of a liquid stream, wherein the liquid stream in this container is mixed with gas bubbles introduced via the device for producing gas bubbles.
  • the resulting agglomerate of gas bubbles and flocculated organic constituents is then fed into the further vessel (flotation cell) with the at least one filtration unit, the gas bubble agglomerate and the flocculated organic constituents in the flotation cell rising to the surface of the liquid, accumulating there and mechanically be separated.
  • the liquid freed from the majority of the organic components in this way is finally drawn off through the filtration unit arranged on the bottom surface of the flotation cell and fed to further treatment steps.
  • the at least one filtration unit in the flotation cell below that through which the flocculated, flocculated organic Components formed layer arranged. It is particularly preferred if the at least one filtration unit is arranged at the bottom of the flotation cell and is provided correspondingly immersed in the liquid region of the flotation cell.
  • the filtration unit has, in particular, a rectangular shape adapted to the container (flotation cell).
  • the length of the filtration unit preferably corresponds to 0.5 to 0.8 times, more preferably 0.6 times the length of the flotation cell.
  • the width of the filtration unit preferably corresponds to 0.6 to 0.9 times, more preferably 0.8 times the width of the flotation cell.
  • the filtration unit does not extend completely over the entire width of the flotation cell, but rather has a small distance from the elongated sidewalls of the same.
  • the filtration unit is designed so that it corresponds to the height of the container (flotation cell) in a range between 0.1 to 0.9 times, preferably 0.6 to 0.7 times.
  • other dimensions for the coming to use filtration unit are conceivable.
  • the at least one filtration unit is in the form of a ceramic filtration membrane, in particular in the form of a ceramic micro- or ultrafiltration membrane.
  • ceramic filtration membranes have a high chemical resistance and a long service life.
  • ceramic filtration membranes are more water-permeable and less prone to fouling as they have higher hydrophilicity than polymer membranes. Due to their mechanical stability, no pre-screening is required.
  • a membrane module which has a mean pore size of from 20 nm to 500 nm, preferably from 100 nm to 300 nm, particularly preferably 200 nm, has proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the preferred filtration membrane module may be formed from multiple plates, one or more tubes, or other geometric shapes.
  • Alumina has proven to be a particularly suitable ceramic material in the form of ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , but other ceramic oxides or non-oxides such as silicon carbide or zirconium oxide are also suitable for use in the filtration unit.
  • the plant here in particular the flotation cell, comprises a means for aerating the filtration unit about the at least one Ventilation filtration unit in a suitable manner.
  • a suitable aeration means may be in the form of perforated tubes.
  • the aeration means may be fed with air to apply large shear forces to the surface of the filtration unit to prevent or minimize fouling on the membrane surface.
  • suitable chemical substances such as citric acid to prevent inorganic fouling or a suitable oxidizing agent, such as sodium to reduce the biological fouling.
  • the present method represents a hybrid process of gas bubble generation using gassing disks arranged vertically on a hollow shaft, microflotation and membrane filtration in a singular device unit.
  • FIG Figure 1A A general construction of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for producing gas bubbles is shown in FIG Figure 1A shown.
  • the side view of Figure 1A comprises a device 1 with a supply line 2 for the supply of the compressed gas, a hollow shaft 3, through which the compressed gas is further introduced into the gassing discs 4.
  • FIG. 1A In the in Figure 1A
  • four circular gassing disks of a ceramic material are arranged on the hollow shaft.
  • the ceramic discs are made of alumina, have an outer diameter of 152 mm and an inner diameter of 25.5 mm.
  • the membrane surface is between 0.036 m 2 and the pore size of the gassing discs is in a range of 2 microns.
  • the gas is introduced from the hollow shaft 3 in a cavity of the ceramic disc 4 and penetrates from the cavity interior through the pores of the ceramic material in the liquid to be purified, which is provided around and above the provided with the gassing discs hollow shaft, to form micro bubbles having a bubble size from about 45 to 50 microns.
  • the gassing discs 4 are arranged on the hollow shaft by means of stainless steel or plastic fasteners. The distance between the gassing discs from each other can be chosen arbitrarily.
  • a suitable device for moving the hollow shaft is provided.
  • This device may be provided in the form of a motor, which transmits the corresponding rotational movement via a plurality of gears on the hollow shaft.
  • This embodiment comprises the structure of the hollow shaft 3.
  • This consists of two nested hollow shafts 3a, 3b: a smaller diameter hollow shaft 3a, which is arranged in a larger diameter hollow shaft 3b.
  • a very uniform and symmetrical pressure distribution within the larger diameter hollow shaft 3b is possible.
  • the ceramic discs 4 are symmetrically supplied with gas and a uniform bubble production in the medium to be gassed is achieved.
  • the shafts 3a, 3b can be made of metallic and non-metallic materials.
  • the ceramic discs 4 are stretched on the shaft, in at least one clamping range, and at the same time sealed via the tension with seals made of any materials.
  • the at least one clamping range is limited by two end pieces 6.
  • intermediate pieces 5 which consist of metallic or non-metallic materials and their dimensions may vary. It is essential that the entire apparatus consisting of hollow shafts 3a, b, end pieces 6, spacers 5 and ceramic discs 4 rotates.
  • the drive 7 for the rotating movement of the shaft can take place directly on the shaft, but can also be driven by different mechanical power deflections.
  • bevel gear, geared 90 ° gearbox For example: bevel gear, geared 90 ° gearbox.
  • the drive 7 of the shaft can find its position not only in the medium to be aerated but also outside the medium to be aerated.
  • the drive 7 can be set via all known types of drive (for example: electrically / via hydraulic power / via air pressure).
  • the shaft 3a, b is supported at at least two positions, different types of bearings can be used, for example: ball bearings, deep groove ball bearings, needle roller bearings, roller bearings.
  • the gas entry 2 into the rotating shaft must take place via at least one seal. This can be positioned inside and outside the medium to be aerated. Drive 7 and gas introduction 2 into the shaft can be positioned anywhere on the shaft.
  • FIG. 2A shown illustration shows two hollow shafts, each with four gassing discs, which are arranged offset from each other in parallel.
  • the gassing discs on each of the hollow shafts move in the same direction and engage each other due to the offset horizontal arrangement ( FIG. 2B ).
  • Such an arrangement of two parallel hollow shafts with the corresponding gassing discs makes it possible to generate a large number of microbubbles and thus a high surface area of gas bubbles, which is available to an accumulation of foreign substances such as organic components. Accordingly, a high specific surface area is available, to which the hydrophobic foreign substance particles can accumulate from the liquid to be purified and a good separation of the organic foreign substances from the liquid to be purified is made possible by means of flotation.
  • the present device for generating gas bubbles may also comprise at least one fluidic oscillator, which is provided in one of the gas supply lines 2.
  • a gas bubble diameter of 45 to 50 microns is guaranteed. Accordingly, a bubble size of between 45 to 50 ⁇ m is ensured in combination with the gassing discs arranged on the hollow shaft.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a system 20 for purifying a liquid, in particular water, which comprises at least one of the above embodiments of a device for producing gas bubbles.
  • the side view of the system 20 in FIG. 4 shows a flocculation unit 10 into which the water to be purified and the flocculant are introduced. After mixing the water to be purified with the flocculant, for example using a stirrer, the mixture from the flocculation 10 can be introduced via a partition in another, separate section or container 20, in which at least one hollow shaft 20a with four gassing according to the embodiment of the FIG. 1 is provided.
  • the present experimental procedure uses waste water that has been treated with humic substances.
  • the totality of organic matter in the wastewater is simulated by humic substances, which are also produced in nature by normal biological decomposition.
  • To flocculate the humic substances contained in the water are especially trivalent ions contained iron and aluminum-containing substances as precipitant.
  • a FeCl 3 solution is used as a flocculating agent.
  • flocculation unit 10 flocculates the humic acids contained in the dirty water by the flocculant FeCl 3 .
  • the dirty water mixed with FeCl 3 is subsequently removed from the flocculation unit 10 in the container 20 comprising the gassing device consisting of a hollow shaft with four gassing discs with a volume flow of 400-700 l / h. initiated.
  • Air is injected via the gassing device 20a in the container 20 causing microbubbles to form directly in the flocculated water introduced.
  • the gassing or gassing plates of Fumigation device rotate in the same direction with a rotational speed of 180 rpm, resulting in a phase shift of 180 °.
  • the microbubbles formed combine with the flocs to form floc-bubble agglomerates, which are subsequently introduced into the downstream flotation cell 30.
  • the correspondingly formed agglomerates in the flotation cell rise in the direction of the surface of the liquid present in the flotation cell 30 and form on the water surface a solid layer which is separated mechanically, for example using scrapers becomes. Below this solid layer, the prepurified water is in the flotation cell 30.
  • the thus pre-purified water is withdrawn using a suitable pump through the arranged in the flotation cell 30 filtration unit 40 and is available as purified water for further processing, such as other desalination processes available .
  • air can be passed directly to the surface of the filtration unit 40 via apertured tubing, thereby causing mechanical removal of deposits on the surface of the filtration unit 40.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
EP16725392.1A 2015-05-11 2016-05-11 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum erzeugen von gasblasen in einer flüssigkeit Active EP3294442B1 (de)

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US10898867B2 (en) 2021-01-26
ES2762929T3 (es) 2020-05-26
EP3294442A1 (de) 2018-03-21
JP2018521855A (ja) 2018-08-09
WO2016180853A1 (de) 2016-11-17
DE102015208694A1 (de) 2016-11-17
DK3294442T3 (da) 2020-01-02
CN107580525A (zh) 2018-01-12
PT3294442T (pt) 2020-01-15
US20180104659A1 (en) 2018-04-19

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