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EP3179459A1 - Slave-einheit für automatisches feueralarmsystem und automatisches feueralarmsystem damit - Google Patents

Slave-einheit für automatisches feueralarmsystem und automatisches feueralarmsystem damit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3179459A1
EP3179459A1 EP15829983.4A EP15829983A EP3179459A1 EP 3179459 A1 EP3179459 A1 EP 3179459A1 EP 15829983 A EP15829983 A EP 15829983A EP 3179459 A1 EP3179459 A1 EP 3179459A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slave
fire
alarm system
master
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15829983.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3179459A4 (de
Inventor
Kazuhiko Goshonoo
Tomoaki Mizuta
Motohiro OI
Ran Li
Takashi Ito
Masahiro Nagata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Publication of EP3179459A1 publication Critical patent/EP3179459A1/de
Publication of EP3179459A4 publication Critical patent/EP3179459A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/009—Signalling of the alarm condition to a substation whose identity is signalled to a central station, e.g. relaying alarm signals in order to extend communication range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a slave for an automatic fire alarm system, and an automatic fire alarm system using the same, and more particularly to, for example, a slave for an automatic fire alarm system that is electrically connected to a master via a pair of electric wires, and an automatic fire alarm system using the same.
  • the P-type automatic fire alarm system is configured to detect the occurrence of a fire by using a slave that is a heat sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor or the like, and issue a notification of the occurrence of a fire from the slave to a master that is a receiving apparatus.
  • the P-type automatic fire alarm system issues a notification of the occurrence of a fire to the master that is a receiving apparatus as a result of the pair of electric wires being electrically short-circuited by the slave.
  • an automatic fire alarm system there is also a system having a cooperation function with other apparatuses such as a smoke prevention and discharge facility and an emergency broadcasting facility.
  • the slave has a function of generating a cooperation notification for causing other apparatuses to work in cooperation, and the master executes the cooperative working with other apparatuses by receiving the cooperation notification from the slave.
  • Patent Literature (PTL) 1 discloses a P-type automatic fire alarm system having a configuration in which a plurality of fire sensors, which are slaves, are connected to a plurality of sensor lines drawn from a fire signal receiving apparatus, which is the master of the P-type automatic fire alarm system.
  • the slaves each perform a fire detection operation by using power supplied from the fire signal receiving apparatus, and output a fire notification to the master upon detection of a fire.
  • a plurality of slaves provided in a P-type automatic fire alarm system each perform a fire detection operation at a predetermined periodic time period based on a clock source provided in the slave. For this reason, there is a possibility that the plurality of slaves may perform a fire detection operation in the same time slot. If such a case arises, power is intensively required in that time slot by the plurality of slaves to perform their operation, and thus a large amount of electric current flows through the pair of electric wires in the time slot. In such a situation, the master may erroneously detect a fire notification due to a change in the electric current consumption.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problem described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a slave for an automatic fire alarm system with which it is possible to suppress an increase in the electric current consumed in the same time slot, and an automatic fire alarm system using such a slave.
  • a slave for an automatic fire alarm system is a slave for an automatic fire alarm system electrically connected to a pair of electric wires to which a voltage is applied, the slave including: a storage that stores identification information unique to the slave; a communicator that receives a synchronization signal transmitted from a master in order to synchronize with another slave, the synchronization signal being a signal indicated by a change in the voltage applied to the pair of electric wires; and a processor that performs, by using power supplied from the master, a fire detection operation in an operation time slot allocated according to the identification information stored in the storage when the communicator receives the synchronization signal.
  • An automatic fire alarm system includes: the slave as described above; and the master that applies a voltage to the pair of electric wires.
  • automatic fire alarm system A1 includes at least one slave 10 and one master 20.
  • Master 20 includes applicator 21 that applies a voltage to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • Slave 10 is electrically connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, and slave 10 includes communicator 14, storage 17 and processor 19.
  • Storage 17 stores identification information that is unique to slave 10.
  • Communicator 14 receives a synchronization signal transmitted from master 20 in order to synchronize with another slave 10, the synchronization signal being a signal indicated by a change in the voltage applied to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • processor 19 In response to communicator 14 receiving the synchronization signal, processor 19 performs a fire detection operation in an operation time slot allocated according to the identification information stored in storage 17.
  • each slave 10 included in automatic fire alarm system A1 performs a fire detection operation in an operation time slot allocated thereto.
  • automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment, the number of slaves 10 that perform a fire detection operation in the same time slot can be limited, and therefore automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment is advantageous in that it is possible to suppress an increase in the power consumed in the same time slot, or in other words, suppress an increase in the electric current consumed in the same time slot.
  • automatic fire alarm system A1 is used in a collective housing (apartment), but the application of automatic fire alarm system A1 is not limited to a collective housing, and automatic fire alarm system A1 is also applicable to various types of buildings such as, for example, a commercial facility, a hospital, a hotel and a multi-tenant building.
  • one master 20 and a plurality of slaves B1, B2, B3... are provided for one collective housing 60.
  • the plurality of slaves B1, B2, B3... will be collectively referred to simply as "slave 10" unless it is necessary to make a distinction therebetween.
  • a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is provided in each of the first to fourth floors.
  • four pairs of electric wires 51 and 52 are provided in the entirety of collective housing 60, with a set of two (two-wire type) electric wires 51 and 52 being treated as one pair.
  • a maximum of 40 to 80 slaves 10 can be connected to each pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • a maximum of 50 to 200 lines 50 to 200 pairs of electric wires 51 and 52) can be connected.
  • terminating resistor 40 is not a required constituent element, and thus may be omitted.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 is basically configured such that slave 10 that is a heat sensor, a smoke sensor, a flame sensor or the like detects the occurrence of a fire, and a notification of the occurrence of the fire (fire notification) is issued from slave 10 to master 20 that is a receiving apparatus.
  • slave 10 is not limited to a sensor that detects the occurrence of a fire, and may include a signal transmitter and the like.
  • the signal transmitter is an apparatus that has a push button switch (not shown), and in response to the push button switch being manually operated by a person having found a fire, issues a notification of the occurrence of the fire (fire notification) to master 20.
  • automatic fire alarm system A1 has a cooperation function of causing another apparatus 30 such as a smoke prevention and discharge facility or an emergency broadcasting facility to work in cooperation in response to master 20 receiving a notification (cooperation notification) for causing another apparatus 30 to work in cooperation from slave 10. Accordingly, in the event of the occurrence of a fire, automatic fire alarm system A1 can control a fire door of the smoke prevention and discharge facility or inform the occurrence of the fire by sound or voice by using the emergency broadcasting facility.
  • Another apparatus 30 is capable of performing communication with master 20 by way of, for example, a wired connection, and works in cooperation with automatic fire alarm system A1 upon receiving an instruction from master 20.
  • another apparatus 30 includes various apparatuses such as a smoke prevention and discharge facility (a fire door, a smoke discharge facility and the like), an emergency broadcasting facility, an external alarming apparatus, and a fire extinguishing facility (a sprinkler and the like), and thus is not limited to a particular apparatus (facility).
  • the external alarming apparatus refers to an apparatus that reports an alarm to an external party concerned, a fire department, a security company and the like.
  • P-type automatic fire alarm system issues a notification of the occurrence of a fire to a master as a result of a pair of electric wires being electrically short-circuited by a slave.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 is basically a P-type automatic fire alarm system. To be more specific, the present embodiment will be described based on the assumption that in a collective housing in which a P-type automatic fire alarm system has already been installed, the receiving apparatus (master 20) and slaves (slaves 10) are replaced while the existing lines (electric wires 51 and 52) are used without being replaced. Automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment may be used as a newly introduced automatic fire alarm system.
  • master 20 is a P-type receiving apparatus that receives, from slave 10, a notification of the occurrence of a fire (fire notification) and a notification for causing another apparatus 30 to work in corporation (cooperation notification).
  • Master 20 is installed in, for example, an administration office of a building (collective housing 60).
  • master 20 includes, in addition to applicator 21, resistor 22, receiver 23, transmitter 24, display 25 that displays various types of information, operator 26 that receives an input of an operation from a user, and processor 27 that controls the constituent elements.
  • Resistor 22 is connected between applicator 21 and at least one of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • resistor 22 is interposed between applicator 21 and electric wire 51, which is one (high potential side) of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • resistor 22 may be interposed between applicator 21 and electric wire 52, which is the other one (low potential side) of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, or may be interposed between applicator 21 and each of the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • Receiver 23 receives a voltage signal produced by converting an electric current signal from slave 10 to a voltage change on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by a voltage drop by resistor 22.
  • Transmitter 24 regularly transmits a synchronization signal to slave 10.
  • master 20 Upon receiving a notification of the occurrence of a fire (fire notification) from slave 10, master 20 displays the location of the fire and the like on display 25.
  • Processor 27 is composed mainly of a microcontroller (microcomputer), and implements a desired function by executing a program stored in a memory (not shown).
  • the program may be written into the memory in advance, or may be provided by being stored in a storage medium such as a memory card.
  • processor 27 controls transmitter 24 to transmit a transmission signal and a synchronization signal.
  • master 20 includes cooperator 28 for causing another apparatus 30 to work in corporation. With this configuration, upon receiving a cooperation notification from slave 10, master 20 can issue an instruction from cooperator 28 to another apparatus 30 so as to cause another apparatus 30 to work in cooperation.
  • master 20 functions as a power supply for operating the entirety of automatic fire alarm system A1 including slave 10 connected to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, by applicator 21 applying a voltage to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • the voltage applied to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by applicator 21 is a direct current of 24 V, but the present invention is not limited to this value.
  • master 20 includes backup power supply 29 including a storage battery so as to secure supply of power for operating automatic fire alarm system A1 in the event of a power failure.
  • Master 20 uses a commercial power supply, an independent power generation facility or the like (not shown) as the main power supply.
  • Applicator 21 automatically switches the power supply source from the main power supply to backup power supply 29 in the event of a power failure of the main power supply, and upon recovery from the power failure of the main power supply, automatically switches from backup power supply 29 to the main power supply.
  • the specifications of backup power supply 29 such as capacity are determined so as to satisfy the standards prescribed by the ministerial ordinance.
  • resistor 22 has two functions: a first function of converting the electric current signal transmitted from slave 10 to a voltage signal as described above; and a second function of limiting the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 in the event that the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 are short-circuited.
  • resistor 22 has both the first function serving as an electric current-to-voltage converting element and the second function serving as an electric current limiting element.
  • the resistance value of resistor 22 is set to 400 ⁇ or 600 ⁇ , but the present invention is not limited to this value.
  • Receiver 23 and transmitter 24 are electrically connected between resistor 22 and the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • receiver 23 is not necessarily connected between resistor 22 and the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, and may be electrically connected, for example, between applicator 21 and resistor 22.
  • receiver 23 receives the electric current signal from slave 10 as a voltage signal (voltage change) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. That is, the current value of the electric current (drawn electric current) drawn from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by slave 10 corresponds to the magnitude of the voltage drop by resistor 22, and thus receiver 23 can receive a fire notification or a cooperation notification from slave 10 as a signal voltage. To rephrase it, receiver 23 receives a voltage signal corresponding to the current value of the drawn electric current that is drawn by slave 10 as a fire notification or a cooperation notification.
  • Transmitter 24 transmits an electric current signal, which was generated on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 as a result of changing the electric current flowing from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, to slave 10 as a synchronization signal.
  • the electric current signal sent (generated) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by transmitter 24 is converted to a voltage signal by the voltage drop by resistor 22, and slave 10 receives the voltage signal as a synchronization signal from master 20.
  • the voltage change (voltage signal) generated on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 when transmitter 24 changes the electric current flowing from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is received by slave 10 as a voltage signal.
  • Slave 10 includes diode bridge 11, power supply circuit 12, sensor 13, communicator 14, storage 17, determiner 18, and processor 19.
  • the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is electrically connected to its input terminal side, and power supply circuit 12 and communicator 14 are electrically connected to its output terminal side.
  • Power supply circuit 12 generates power for operating slave 10 from the power on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • Sensor 13 detects the occurrence of a fire.
  • Communicator 14 includes transmitter circuit 15 and receiver circuit 16.
  • Transmitter circuit 15 transmits, to master 20, the current value of the electric current (drawn electric current) drawn from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 as an electric current signal.
  • the electric current signal sent (generated) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by transmitter circuit 15 is converted to a voltage signal by the voltage drop by resistor 22, and master 20 receives the voltage signal as a signal from slave 10.
  • master 20 receives the voltage signal as a signal from slave 10.
  • FIG. 3 shows a specific example of transmitter circuit 15. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 , transmitter circuit 15 includes first drawer 151 and second drawer 152, and each of first drawer 151 and second drawer 152 draws an electric current.
  • First drawer 151 includes a series circuit that is composed of semiconductor device 153, resistor 154 and light emitting diode (LED) 155 that are electrically connected between a pair of output terminals of diode bridge 11.
  • Second drawer 152 includes a series circuit that is composed of semiconductor device 156 and resistor 157 that are electrically connected between the pair of output terminals of diode bridge 11.
  • semiconductor devices 153 and 156 are npn-type transistors, and their collectors are electrically connected to a high potential-side output terminal of diode bridge 11. Furthermore, the emitter of semiconductor device 153 is electrically connected to a circuit ground (a low potential-side output terminal of diode bridge 11) via resistor 154 and light emitting diode 155. The emitter of semiconductor device 156 is electrically connected to the circuit ground (the low potential-side output terminal of diode bridge 11) via resistor 157. The base of each of semiconductor devices 153 and 156 is electrically connected to processor 19, which will be described later. Semiconductor devices 153 and 156 are not limited to npn-type transistors, and may be, for example, pnp-type transistors.
  • transmitter circuit 15 causes first drawer 151 to draw an electric current when semiconductor device 153 is turned on by processor 19, and causes second drawer 152 to draw an electric current when semiconductor device 156 is turned on by processor 19. Accordingly, transmitter circuit 15 can change the current value of the drawn electric current between when only first drawer 151 draws an electric current and when both first drawer 151 and second drawer 152 draw an electric current.
  • transmitter circuit 15 can adjust the current value in a total of four stages: two stages at first drawer 151 and two stages at second drawer 152. The following description will be given based on the assumption that slave 10 can gradually increase the current value of the drawn electric current in four stages by transmitter circuit 15 switching the current value of the drawn electric current.
  • transmitter circuit 15 can illuminate light emitting diode 155.
  • Light emitting diode 155 is disposed in a position viewable from the outside of slave 10, and has a function of informing, by illumination, that slave 10 is in a fire notifying state.
  • Receiver circuit 16 receives the synchronization signal from master 20 as a voltage signal (voltage change) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52. That is, the electric current signal sent (generated) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 by master 20 is converted to a voltage signal by the voltage drop by resistor 22, and thus receiver circuit 16 receives the voltage signal as the synchronization signal from master 20. To rephrase it, the voltage change (voltage signal) generated on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 when master 20 changes the electric current flowing from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is received by receiver circuit 16 as a voltage signal.
  • Storage 17 stores at least identification information (address) allocated in advance to slave 10. That is, unique identification information is allocated to each of the plurality of slaves B1, B2, B3.... The identification information of each of the plurality of slaves B1, B2, B3... is associated with the installation location (for example, room number) thereof, and registered in master 20.
  • storage 17 stores decision conditions based on which determiner 18 decides an operational state (fire notifying state, cooperation notifying state).
  • the decision conditions can be, for example, a threshold value set for the output of sensor 13.
  • the identification information allocated in advance to slave 10 and the decision conditions may be stored in the same storage 17.
  • a plurality of storages 17 may be provided so as to store the identification information and the decision conditions in separate storages 17, respectively.
  • Determiner 18 decides an operational state including two states: a fire notifying state and a cooperation notifying state.
  • determiner 18 reads the output (sensor value) of sensor 13 and decides the operational state by comparing with the decision conditions stored in storage 17. In the present embodiment, as an example of the decision conditions, if the read sensor value exceeds a first threshold value, determiner 18 decides that the operational state is a fire notifying state. If the read sensor value exceeds a second threshold value (> first threshold value), determiner 18 decides that the operational state is a cooperation notifying state.
  • determiner 18 starts comparison between the sensor value and the second threshold value after, for example, the fire notifying state has been decided, so that determiner 18 can decide a cooperation notifying state after the fire notifying state has been decided.
  • the decision conditions described above are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.
  • determiner 18 decides in which of three states (fire notifying state, cooperation notifying state, non-notification state) including a non-notification state (normal state) that is different from the fire notifying state and the cooperation notifying state the current operational state is in.
  • the operational state decided by determiner 18 is not limited to the three states, and may be two states including the fire notifying state and the cooperation notifying state, or may be four states or more.
  • Processor 19 controls transmitter circuit 15 and receiver circuit 16 so as to adjust the current value of the drawn electric current according to the output of sensor 13, thereby to transmit an electric current signal from transmitter circuit 15 or receive a synchronization signal from master 20 at receiver circuit 16.
  • processor 19 is composed mainly of a microcontroller (microcomputer), and implements a desired function by executing a program stored in a memory (not shown). The program may be written into the memory in advance, or may be provided by being stored in a storage medium such as a memory card.
  • processor 19 In response to receiver circuit 16 receiving the synchronization signal, processor 19 starts a fire detection operation in an operation time slot allocated according to the identification information of slave 10 by using power for operation generated by power supply circuit 12. To be specific, in the operation time slot allocated according to the identification information of slave 10, processor 19 causes determiner 18 to read the sensor value and start to decide the state, and controls transmitter circuit 15 according to the result of decision made by determiner 18 so as to control the current value of the drawn electric current. As described above, if determiner 18 decides that the operational state is a fire notifying state, processor 19 adjusts the current value of the drawn electric current to a predetermined fire notification level so as to generate a fire notification.
  • processor 19 adjusts the current value of the drawn electric current to a predetermined cooperation notification level so as to generate a cooperation notification.
  • the cooperation notification level is a value (current value) that is different from the fire notification level, and in the present embodiment, is a current value that is greater than the fire notification level (cooperation notification level > fire notification level).
  • processor 19 transmits a transmission signal representing transmission data from transmitter circuit 15.
  • processor 19 transmits the transmission signal from transmitter circuit 15 by increasing or decreasing the current value of the drawn electric current between two values of a first level and a second level.
  • the transmission data is, for example, the identification information of slave 10.
  • first level is equivalent to the fire notification level
  • slave 10 increases or decreases the current value of the drawn electric current relative to the fire notification level, and thus can transmit the transmission signal during the fire notifying state.
  • slave 10 if a fire occurs and it is decided that the operational state is a fire notifying state, slave 10 generates a fire notification by adjusting the current value of the drawn electric current to the fire notification level. Then, if it is decided that the operational state is a cooperation notifying state, slave 10 generates a cooperation notification by adjusting the current value of the drawn electric current to the cooperation notifying level. Furthermore, in the fire notifying state, slave 10 transmits a transmission signal representing the identification information by increasing or decreasing the current value of the drawn electric current between the first level (fire notification level) and the second level.
  • slave 10 transmits data including at least the identification information stored in storage 17 to master 20 through communication using a transmission signal. For this reason, after a fire notification is received from slave 10, master 20 can identify slave 10 serving as the notification source that issued the notification based on the identification information indicated by the transmission signal.
  • determiner 18 and processor 19 are configured as separate components. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and determiner 18 and processor 19 may together form one component.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating the operations of slave 10.
  • master 20 applies a constant voltage (for example, a direct current of 24 V) from applicator 21 to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • a constant voltage for example, a direct current of 24 V
  • Processor 19 of slave 10 decides whether or not receiver circuit 16 has received a synchronization signal transmitted from master 20 (step S5).
  • processor 19 decides whether or not an operation time slot corresponding to the identification information of slave 10 has arrived (step S10).
  • processor 19 If it is decided that the operation time slot has arrived (Yes in step S10), processor 19 starts a fire detection operation by using power for operation generated by power supply circuit 12.
  • Determiner 18 reads a sensor value (step S15) and decides whether or not the operational state is a fire notifying state (step S20).
  • the non-notification state basically, slave 10 does not draw an electric current, and thus the current value of the drawn electric current is 0 (zero). For this reason, if slave 10 that is performing the fire detection operation is in the non-notification state, the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is a total of the electric current flowing through terminating resistor 40 and the electric current required to operate slave 10. Accordingly, the possibility that master 20 may erroneously detect a fire notification in the non-notification state due to the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is low.
  • processor 19 increases and adjusts the current value of the drawn electric current to a fire notification level (step S25). As a result, a fire notification is generated.
  • processor 19 transmits a transmission signal representing the identification information of slave 10 from transmitter circuit 15 (step S30). As a result, slave 10 can transmit the identification information thereof to master 20.
  • determiner 18 reads a sensor value (step S35) and decides whether or not the operational state is a cooperation notifying state (step S40).
  • processor 19 increases and adjusts the current value of the drawn electric current to a cooperation notification level (step S45).
  • processor 19 After having increased and adjusted the current value of the drawn electric current to a cooperation notification level, processor 19 decides whether or not the operation time slot has ended (step S50). If it is decided that the operation time slot has ended (Yes in step S50), processor 19 returns to step S5 and waits for reception of a synchronization signal.
  • processor 19 decides whether or not the operation time slot has ended (step S60). If it is decided that the operation time slot has ended (Yes in step S60), processor 19 returns to step S5 and waits for reception of a synchronization signal. If it is decided that the operation time slot has not ended (No in step S60), the processing returns to step S15, where determiner 18 reads a sensor value.
  • processor 19 decides whether or not the operation time slot has ended (step S65). If it is decided that the operation time slot has ended (Yes in step S65), processor 19 returns to step S5 and waits for reception of a synchronization signal. If it is decided that the operation time slot has not ended (No in step S65), the processing returns to step S35, where determiner 18 reads a sensor value.
  • entire interval (detection operation interval) Ta from the transmission of a synchronization signal until all of slaves 10 perform their operation is composed of synchronization signal transmission interval Ta1 and notification issuance detection interval Ta2.
  • Notification issuance detection interval Ta2 is composed of operation time slots T1, T2... and T64 having the same time length. That is, the time length of notification issuance detection interval Ta2 is a total length of time of operation time slots T1, T2... and T64. It is assumed here that there are a total of 64 slaves 10 including slaves B1, B2... and B64, and one of operation time slots T1, T2... and T64 is allocated to each slave 10 in one to one correspondence according to the identification information thereof.
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a transition of the fire detection operation.
  • one operation time slot is allocated to each of 64 slaves 10 in one to one correspondence.
  • slave B1 performs a fire detection operation in operation time slot T1
  • slave B2 performs a fire detection operation in operation time slot T2.
  • slave 10 to which the operation time slot has been allocated sequentially performs a fire detection operation
  • slave B64 performs a fire detection operation.
  • Each slave 10 performs a fire detection operation in the operation time slot corresponding to the identification information thereof, and is in a standby state in operation time slots other than the operation time slot corresponding to the identification information thereof.
  • slave B1 is in a standby state in operation time slots T2 to T64 other than operation time slot T1 in which slave B1 performs a fire detection operation.
  • Slave B2 is in a standby state in operation time slots T1, and T3 to T64 other than operation time slot T2 in which slave B2 performs a fire detection operation.
  • FIG. 6 shows changes in the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, with the horizontal axis indicating time and the vertical axis indicating current value.
  • the interval (time length) between time t0 and time t5 shown in FIG. 6 is one operation time slot.
  • the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 can be increased gradually in three stages of I1, I2 and I3 from base current 10 (I0 ⁇ I1 ⁇ I2 ⁇ I3) by slave 10 switching the current value of the drawn electric current.
  • the base current is an electric current flowing through slave 10 when slave 10 is in a non-notification state.
  • the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is basically "I0" as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • slave 10 that is in operation is in a non-notification state during the period between time t0 and time t1.
  • slave 10 transitions from the non-notification state to a fire notifying state, as shown in FIG. 6 , the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases from “10" to "I1".
  • the example shown in FIG. 6 shows that slave 10 detects a fire notifying state during the period between time t1 and time t4.
  • slave 10 transmits a transmission signal representing transmission data from transmitter circuit 15 by increasing or decreasing the current value of the drawn electric current between two values of the first level and the second level.
  • a predetermined waiting time Wa elapses from the point in time at which the current value increased from “10” to "I1" that is a current value that indicates a fire notification level
  • slave 10 transmits a transmission signal representing transmission data from transmitter circuit 15 by increasing or decreasing the current value of the drawn electric current between two values of the first level and the second level.
  • slave 10 transmits a transmission signal, and the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 fluctuates between "I1" and "I2".
  • slave 10 transitions from the fire notifying state to a cooperation notifying state, as shown in FIG. 6 , the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases from "I1" to "I3".
  • slave 10 is in a cooperation notifying state during the period between time t4 and time t5.
  • the fire notification level is about 20 mA to 25 mA
  • the cooperation notification level is about 40 mA to 45 mA
  • the difference between the first level and the second level when transmitting a transmission signal is about 13 mA to 18 mA.
  • the fire notification level is about 5 mA to 8 mA
  • the cooperation notification level is about 15 mA to 20 mA
  • the difference between the first level and the second level when transmitting a transmission signal is about 5 mA to 13 mA.
  • the time length of detection operation interval Ta is about one second.
  • the operation time slot allocated to each slave 10 may be about 15 milliseconds.
  • the current value of the drawn electric current is allowed to vary within a predetermined tolerance range. As long as the current value is within the tolerance range, master 20 can distinguish whether the operational state of slave 10 is a fire notifying state or a cooperation notifying state.
  • slave 10 of automatic fire alarm system A1 is electrically connected to a pair of electric wires 51 and 52 to which a voltage is applied.
  • Slave 10 includes storage 17, communicator 14 and processor 19.
  • Storage 17 stores identification information that is unique to slave 10, and communicator 14 receives a synchronization signal transmitted from master 20 in order to synchronize with another slave 10, the synchronization signal being a signal indicated by a change in the voltage applied to the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • processor 19 performs a fire detection operation in an operation time slot allocated according to the identification information stored in storage 17 by using power supplied from master 20.
  • slave 10 performs a fire detection operation in the operation time slot allocated according to the identification information thereof by using the power supplied from master 20. For this reason, the power consumed by each slave 10, or in other words, the electric current consumed by each slave 10 is dispersed. Accordingly, in automatic fire alarm system A1 that uses slaves 10, it is possible to suppress an increase in the current consumption in the same operation time slot.
  • communicator 14 includes transmitter circuit 15 that transmits a signal corresponding to the fire detection operation by changing the electric current drawn from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • transmitter circuit 15 transmits a fire notification signal informing the occurrence of a fire and a cooperation notification signal causing another apparatus to work in cooperation.
  • First current value I1 of the electric current drawn by transmitter circuit 15 from the pair of electric wires when transmitting the fire notification signal and second current value I3 of the electric current drawn by transmitter circuit 15 from the pair of electric wires when transmitting the cooperation notification signal may be different.
  • slave 10 can transmit a fire notification and a cooperation notification in a distinguished manner.
  • communicator 14 includes transmitter circuit 15 that transmits a fire notification signal informing the occurrence of a fire by changing the electric current drawn from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 in response to a fire detection operation.
  • Transmitter circuit 15 may further transmit an identification signal representing the identification information at the point in time at which a predetermined waiting time elapses after the transmission of the fire notification.
  • slave 10 transmits a transmission signal representing the identification information at the point in time at which a predetermined waiting time elapses after the transmission of the fire notification, and thus it is possible to notify master 20 of the transmission source that has transmitted the fire notification.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 may include slaves 10 described above and master 20 that applies a voltage to the pair of electric wires.
  • slaves 10 of the automatic fire alarm system each perform a fire detection operation in the operation time slot allocated according to the identification information thereof by using the consumption current supplied from master 20. Accordingly, in automatic fire alarm system A1 that uses slaves 10, it is possible to suppress an increase in the current consumption in the same operation time slot.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment will be described focusing mainly on differences from Embodiment 1.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of Embodiment 1, and the structural elements that are the same as those of Embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
  • Embodiment 1 is configured such that a transmission signal is transmitted if a predetermined elapses after slave 10 that is in operation transmits a fire notification to master 20 during an operation time slot, or in other words, communication that uses the transmission signal is performed during the operation time slot.
  • the present embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that slave 10 of automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment performs communication with master 20 during an interval that is different from the notification issuance detection interval.
  • transmitter 24 of master 20 will be described.
  • Transmitter 24 of master 20 includes a first transmitter circuit (not shown) that transmits a synchronization signal and a second transmitter circuit (not shown) that transmits a request signal.
  • the first transmitter circuit of transmitter 24 regularly transmits a synchronization signal.
  • the method for transmitting a synchronization signal is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and thus a description thereof is omitted here.
  • the second transmitter circuit of transmitter 24 regularly transmits, to a plurality of slaves 10, a request signal that requests a response from each of the plurality of slaves 10 in a timing different from the timing of the synchronization signal.
  • transmitter 24 transmits a request signal by changing the electric current flowing from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • the request signal is, for example, a signal for checking whether slave 10 is active.
  • Receiver circuit 16 of slave 10 regularly receives, in addition to a synchronization signal, a request signal in a timing different from the timing of reception of the synchronization signal. To be specific, receiver circuit 16 receives the request signal from master 20 as a voltage signal (voltage change) on the pair of electric wires 51 and 52.
  • transmitter circuit 15 of slave 10 transmits an electric current signal generated as a result of drawing an electric current from the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 to master 20 as a transmission signal.
  • the transmission signal is transmission data representing the identification information of slave 10.
  • processor 19 of slave 10 transmits the transmission signal from transmitter circuit 15 in a response time slot allocated according to the identification information of slave 10.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operations of slave 10.
  • master 20 regularly transmits a request signal.
  • Processor 19 of slave 10 decides whether or not receiver circuit 16 has received a request signal transmitted from master 20 (step S100).
  • processor 19 decides whether or not the response time slot corresponding to the identification information of slave 10 has arrived (step S105).
  • processor 19 increases the current value of the drawn electric current so as to transmit a response signal from transmitter circuit 15 (step S110).
  • processor 19 performs fire detection processing (step S115).
  • the fire detection processing is the same as the processing shown in FIG. 4 , and thus a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • processor 19 of slave 10 returns to step S100.
  • processor 19 according to the present embodiment performs step S35 after execution of step S25 shown in FIG. 4 . That is, in the operation time slot, the transmission of a transmission signal is not performed.
  • the entire interval from the transmission of a request signal and a synchronization signal until all of slaves 10 perform their operation is composed of communication interval Tb and detection operation interval Ta.
  • Communication interval Tb is composed of request signal transmission interval Tb1 and response interval Tb2.
  • Response interval Tb2 is composed of response time slots TT1, TT2... and TT64 having the same time length. That is, the time length of notification issuance detection interval Tb2 is a total length of time of operation time slots TT1, TT2... and TT64.
  • the configuration of detection operation interval Ta is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and thus a description thereof is omitted here.
  • FIG. 8B is a diagram illustrating a transition of a response operation and a transition of a fire detection operation.
  • the transition of the fire detection operation is the same as that shown in FIG. 5B , and thus a description thereof is omitted here.
  • slave B1 In response to reception of a request signal from master 20 in transmission interval Tb1, slave B1 performs a response operation in response time slot TT1, and slave B2 performs a response operation in response time slot TT2. After that, in each response time slot, slave 10 to which the response time slot is allocated sequentially performs a response operation, and in the last response time slot TT64, slave B64 performs a response operation. That is, it can be seen that each slave 10 performs a response operation at the point in time at which a waiting time determined according to the identification information thereof elapses.
  • FIG. 9 shows changes in the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52, with the horizontal axis indicating time and the vertical axis indicating current value.
  • the interval (time length) between time t0 and time t3 shown in FIG. 9 is one response time slot
  • the interval (time length) between time t4 and time t7 is one operation time slot.
  • the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 can be increased gradually in three stages of I4, I1 and I3 from base current 10 (I0 ⁇ I4 ⁇ I1 ⁇ I3) by slave 10 switching the current value of the drawn electric current.
  • the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 is basically "10" as shown in FIG. 9 .
  • slave 10 If slave 10 receives a request signal from master 20 and waiting time Wb elapses from the start of response interval Tb2, or in other words, if the response time slot allocated according to the identification information thereof has arrived, slave 10 transmits a response signal (see time t1 to time t2 shown in FIG. 9 ). To be specific, slave 10 increases or decreases the current value of the drawn electric current between two values of current value I0 and current value I4 so as to transmit a response signal from transmitter circuit 15.
  • slave 10 After that, slave 10 starts a fire detection operation at time t4 when the operation time slot allocated thereto arrives.
  • slave 10 transitions from the non-notification state to a fire notifying state, as shown in FIG. 9 , the current value of the electric current flowing through the pair of electric wires 51 and 52 increases from "I0" to "I1".
  • the example shown in FIG. 9 shows that slave 10 detects a fire notifying state during the period between time t5 and time t6.
  • the total length of time of detection operation interval Ta and communication interval Tb is about one second.
  • the operation time slot and the response time slot allocated to each slave 10 may be about 7 milliseconds.
  • the current value of the drawn electric current is allowed to vary within a predetermined tolerance range. As long as the current value is within the tolerance range, master 20 can distinguish whether the operational state of slave 10 is a fire notifying state or a cooperation notifying state.
  • master 20 transmits a request signal to slave 10 as a transmission signal, and receives a response signal from slave 10 as a transmission signal. That is, slave 10 and master 20 are capable of bidirectional communication of the transmission signals. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. A configuration is also possible in which slave 10 and master 20 are capable of unidirectional communication of the transmission signals.
  • the transmission signals may be communicated unidirectionally from master 20 to slave 10.
  • slave 10 in response to receiving, for example, a transmission signal that is a data write instruction, slave 10 performs data write processing in the response time slot allocated thereto in the response interval.
  • the electric current consumed by the write processing is dispersed.
  • the transmission of a transmission signal indicating transmission data is not performed in the notification issuance detection interval.
  • the transmission signals may be communicated unidirectionally from slave 10 to master 20.
  • the response interval starts from the end of the notification issuance detection interval.
  • Slave 10 performs a response operation (for example, transmission of the identification information) when a waiting time determined based on the identification information thereof elapses. With this configuration, the electric current consumed by the response operation is dispersed.
  • communicator 14 of slave 10 of automatic fire alarm system A1 may perform operation as described below.
  • Communicator 14 performs, by using the power supplied from master 20, communication with master 20 in a communication interval that is different from the notification issuance detection interval having a total length of time of the operation time slots allocated to slave 10 and each of other slaves 10.
  • slave 10 performs communication with master 20 in a communication interval that is different from the notification issuance detection interval having the operation time slot allocated thereto. Accordingly, slave 10 can transmit a fire notification and a cooperation notification in a distinguished manner. For example, if slave 10 transmits transmission data to master 20 during the communication interval, master 20 does not erroneously identify the received transmission data as a fire notification or a cooperation notification.
  • communicator 14 may start communication when a time determined based on the identification information elapses after the start of the communication interval.
  • slave 10 starts communication when a time determined based on the identification information thereof elapses, and thus with automatic fire alarm system A1 that uses slaves 10, the current consumption required for communication can be dispersed.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment will be described focusing mainly on differences from Embodiments 1 and 2.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 according to the present embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of Embodiment 2, and the structural elements that are the same as those of Embodiment 2 are given the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 is different from Embodiment 2 in that the synchronization signal also functions as the request signal.
  • transmitter 24 of master 20 will be described.
  • transmitter 24 regularly transmits a synchronization signal to a plurality of slaves 10.
  • Receiver circuit 16 of slave 10 regularly receives the synchronization signal from master 20.
  • processor 19 of slave 10 transmits a transmission signal from transmitter circuit 15 in a response time slot allocated according to the identification information thereof in the response interval.
  • processor 19 transmits a result of detection from transmitter circuit 15 in an operation time slot allocated according to the identification information of slave 10 in the notification issuance detection interval.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the operations of slave 10.
  • Processor 19 of slave 10 determines whether or not receiver circuit 16 has received a synchronization signal transmitted from master 20 (step S200).
  • processor 19 determines whether or not the response time slot corresponding to the identification information of slave 10 has arrived (step S205).
  • processor 19 increases the current value of the drawn electric current so as to transmit a response signal from transmitter circuit 15 (step S210).
  • processor 19 decides whether or not the operation time slot corresponding to the identification information of slave 10 has arrived (step S215).
  • step S220 If it is decided that the operation time slot has arrived (Yes in step S215), processor 19 performs fire detection processing (step S220).
  • the fire detection processing is the same as the processing in step S15 and the subsequent steps shown in FIG. 4 , and thus a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • processor 19 of slave 10 returns to step S200.
  • the entire interval from the transmission of a request signal and a synchronization signal until all of slaves 10 perform their operation is composed of synchronization signal transmission interval Ta1, response interval Tb2 and notification issuance detection interval Ta2.
  • the configuration of response interval Tb is the same as that of Embodiment 2
  • the configuration of notification issuance detection interval Ta2 is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and thus a description thereof is omitted here.
  • FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating a transition of a response operation and a transition of a fire detection operation.
  • slave B1 In response to reception of a synchronization signal from master 20 in transmission interval Ta1, slave B1 performs a response operation in response time slot TT1, and slave B2 performs a response operation in response time slot TT2. After that, in each response time slot, slave 10 to which the response time slot is allocated sequentially performs a response operation, and in the last response time slot TT64, slave B64 performs a response operation.
  • notification issuance detection interval Ta2 starts, slave B1 performs a fire detection operation in operation time slot T1, and slave B2 performs a fire detection operation in operation time slot T2.
  • slave 10 to which the operation time slot is allocated sequentially performs a fire detection operation, and in the last response time slot T64, slave B64 performs a fire detection operation.
  • the total length of time of synchronization signal transmission interval Ta1, response interval Tb2 and notification issuance detection interval Ta2 is about one second.
  • the operation time slot and the response time slot allocated to each slave 10 may be about 7 milliseconds.
  • the current value of the drawn electric current is allowed to vary within a predetermined tolerance range. As long as the current value is within the tolerance range, master 20 can distinguish whether the operational state of slave 10 is a fire notifying state or a cooperation notifying state.
  • Automatic fire alarm system A1 is configured such that slave 10 performs a response operation and a fire detection operation in the order of the response operation and the fire detection operation, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Slave 10 may perform the fire detection operation and the response operation in this order.
  • processor 19 of slave 10 in automatic fire alarm system A1 may perform a fire detection operation and a response operation (communication) in response to communicator 14 receiving a synchronization signal.
  • a common trigger can be provided for the communication in the communication interval and the operation in the notification issuance detection interval.
  • a signal transmission circuit can be implemented at a lower cost than the configuration in which separate triggers are provided for the fire detection operation and the communication.
  • master 20 is required to include a first transmitter circuit that transmits a synchronization signal and a second transmitter circuit that transmits a request signal.
  • master 20 includes either the first transmitter circuit or the second transmitter circuit. Accordingly, the cost of master 20 is reduced.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP15829983.4A 2014-08-04 2015-07-10 Slave-einheit für automatisches feueralarmsystem und automatisches feueralarmsystem damit Withdrawn EP3179459A4 (de)

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JP2014158553A JP6471956B2 (ja) 2014-08-04 2014-08-04 自動火災報知システムの子機、およびそれを用いた自動火災報知システム
PCT/JP2015/003490 WO2016021115A1 (ja) 2014-08-04 2015-07-10 自動火災報知システムの子機、およびそれを用いた自動火災報知システム

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JPS58133890U (ja) * 1982-03-02 1983-09-09 ホーチキ株式会社 多段階信号送出検出器
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JP4004044B2 (ja) * 2002-12-20 2007-11-07 ホーチキ株式会社 警報器、監視制御方法及びプログラム
JP3862172B2 (ja) * 2003-02-28 2006-12-27 ホーチキ株式会社 火災報知システム
JP4090038B2 (ja) * 2003-03-31 2008-05-28 能美防災株式会社 火災報知設備
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