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EP2789961A1 - Method, in particular for determining the condition of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel - Google Patents

Method, in particular for determining the condition of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2789961A1
EP2789961A1 EP20130184161 EP13184161A EP2789961A1 EP 2789961 A1 EP2789961 A1 EP 2789961A1 EP 20130184161 EP20130184161 EP 20130184161 EP 13184161 A EP13184161 A EP 13184161A EP 2789961 A1 EP2789961 A1 EP 2789961A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tapping
data
parameters
vessel
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20130184161
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gregor Lammer
Christop Jandl
Karl-Michael Zettl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=48092793&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2789961(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP20130184161 priority Critical patent/EP2789961A1/en
Priority to JP2016506819A priority patent/JP2016519750A/en
Priority to AU2014252322A priority patent/AU2014252322A1/en
Priority to RU2015138120A priority patent/RU2015138120A/en
Priority to MX2015010538A priority patent/MX2015010538A/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/054473 priority patent/WO2014166678A1/en
Priority to CN201480020917.6A priority patent/CN105102915A/en
Priority to CA2896916A priority patent/CA2896916A1/en
Priority to KR1020157031887A priority patent/KR20150143588A/en
Priority to BR112015024597A priority patent/BR112015024597A2/en
Priority to US14/777,770 priority patent/US20160298907A1/en
Publication of EP2789961A1 publication Critical patent/EP2789961A1/en
Priority to IL239709A priority patent/IL239709A0/en
Priority to ZA2015/05037A priority patent/ZA201505037B/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0021—Devices for monitoring linings for wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C5/445—Lining or repairing the taphole
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1636—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining
    • F27D1/1642—Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining using a gunning apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangement of safety devices
    • F27D21/0035—Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
    • F27D3/1518—Tapholes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings
    • C21C2005/448—Lining wear indicators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method in particular for determining the state of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • WO 2007/107242 is a method for determining the wall thickness or wear of the lining of a metallurgical melting vessel with a non-contact scanning system Detection of the lining surface with determination of the position and orientation of the scanner system and assignment to the position of the melting vessel revealed by the detection of spatially fixed reference points.
  • a perpendicular reference system is used and the inclinations of two axes with respect to a horizontal plane are measured by inclination sensors.
  • the measurement data of the scanner can be transformed into a perpendicular coordinate system and thus an automated measurement of the respective actual state of the lining of the melting vessel is possible.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a method according to the type mentioned, by means of which the durability of the refractory lining of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel and the process itself can be optimized and reduces manual decisions for it or virtually eliminated.
  • the method according to the invention provides that data of a respective vessel are collected and stored in a data structure, and from all the measured and determined data or parameters, in particular the refractory lining of the tap, a computer model is created by means of which these data or parameters Calculations and subsequent analyzes are evaluated.
  • the method relates in particular to metallurgical vessels, such as such a vessel 10 as an embodiment in Fig. 1 is shown cut.
  • the vessel is a known converter 10 for steelmaking.
  • This converter 10 consists essentially of a metal housing 15, a refractory lining 12, a tapping 20 and gas purging 17, 18, which can be coupled with a gas supply not shown in detail.
  • molten metal is metallurgically treated, for example by a blowing process, which is not explained in detail.
  • a plurality of such converters 10 are in use in a steel mill for steel production at the same time and it is to capture the data for each of these converters.
  • This tapping 20 is composed of a tapping channel 21, the latter forming sleeve-shaped tapping blocks 22 and a metal outlet pipe 24 together.
  • this tap can also be configured differently than shown.
  • the method can in principle be applied to various metallurgical vessels, such as electric furnace, blast furnace, steel ladle, non-ferrous metal vessel such as aluminum smelting furnace, copper anode furnace or the like.
  • the method is characterized by the fact that it can be applied for different different vessels.
  • the refractory linings of the taps of all standing in operation converter and possibly pans are determined in which the same melt is first treated in a converter and subsequently poured into steel pans.
  • the data divided into groups of a respective tap 20 of the converter 10 are comprehensively collected and stored in a data structure.
  • a recording takes place during the period of use of the respective converter 10, such as melt quantity, temperature, composition of the melt or slag and their thickness, tapping times, temperature profile, treatment time and / or metallurgical parameters; like special additives in the melt.
  • melt quantity such as melt quantity, temperature, composition of the melt or slag and their thickness, tapping times, temperature profile, treatment time and / or metallurgical parameters; like special additives in the melt.
  • tapping times temperature profile, treatment time and / or metallurgical parameters; like special additives in the melt.
  • the invention is characterized in particular by focusing primarily on the tapping time for the recurrent calculations or analyzes by the computer model. With the measurements of the tapping times very reliable conclusions about the wear and other factors, such as changes with increasing service life of the refractory tapping stones, can be drawn.
  • a measurement of the inner diameter of the refractory lining in the tapping 20 advantageously sections. It is sufficient if the measurement of the wall thicknesses of the lining 12 is carried out after a number of taps. It can then be determined other process parameters, such as filling or Abstichart the molten metal in or out of the melting vessel.
  • a mathematical model is created from at least part of the measured and determined data or parameters, by means of which these data or parameters are evaluated by calculations and subsequent analyzes.
  • the maximum duration of use, the wall thicknesses, the materials and / or the care data of the refractory lining of the tapping 20 or, conversely, the process sequences in the treatment of the melt can be optimized. It can be from these analyzes sometimes on the further use without or with repairs of the refractory lining of the tapping 20. It requires no more or only a limited experience manual interpretation of the duration of use of the refractory lining of the tapping 20 and the other sizes to be determined, such as wall thickness, choice of material etc ..
  • the tapping 20 is expediently subdivided into several sections, for example into an inlet in the container interior, into a plurality of sections in the tapping channel 21 and into an outlet at the outlet connection 24.
  • the data is checked for plausibility after the acquisition, and if one or more values are missing or torn out, these are respectively corrected or deleted. After preferably individually checking the data, these are saved to a merged valid record.
  • a reduced number is selected from the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes, this taking place as a function of empirical values or by calculation methods.
  • This selection of the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes takes place by means of algorithms, for example a random feature selection.
  • the data is used for statistical purposes or for later recording for the reconstruction of production errors or the like.
  • the calculation model is adapted as a further advantage of the invention, by which the wear can be calculated or simulated taking into account the collected and structured data.
  • This adapted calculation model is especially suitable for use of test purposes in order to test or simulate process sequences and to carry out targeted changes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

Ein Verfahren dient insbesondere zur Bestimmung des Zustandes des Abstichs eines die Metallschmelze enthaltenden Gefässes (10). Es werden dabei Daten der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs (20), wie Materialien, Wanddicke, Einbauart und weitere erfasst bzw. gemessen und ausgewertet. Sodann werden diese Daten gesammelt und in einer Datenstruktur gespeichert. Daraus wird aus zumindest einem Teil der gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern ein Rechenmodell erstellt, mittels dem diese Daten bzw. Parameter durch Berechnungen und daraus folgenden Analysen ausgewertet werden. Damit können bei einem metallurgischen Gefäss nicht nur Messungen für die Feststellung des lstzustandes der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs des Gefässes nach dessen Gebrauch ermittelt werden, sondern es können zusammenhängende bzw. ganzheitliche Ermittlungen und daraus Analysen erfolgen.A method is used in particular for determining the state of the tapping of a vessel containing the molten metal (10). Data of the refractory lining of the tapping (20), such as materials, wall thickness, type of installation and others, are recorded, measured and evaluated. Then these data are collected and stored in a data structure. From this, a mathematical model is created from at least part of the measured or determined data or parameters, by means of which these data or parameters are evaluated by calculations and subsequent analyzes. Thus, in a metallurgical vessel not only measurements for the determination of the lstzustandes the refractory lining of the tapping of the vessel can be determined after its use, but it can be coherent or holistic investigations and analysis thereof.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren insbesondere zur Bestimmung des Zustandes des Abstichs eines metallurgischen Gefässes nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a method in particular for determining the state of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es existieren Berechnungsmethoden für die Auslegung der feuerfesten Auskleidung des Abstichs sowie des Gefässes insbesondere von metallurgischen Schmelzgefässen, bei denen ermittelte Daten bzw. Erfahrungswerte in mathematische Modelle überführt werden. Da mit diesen mathematischen Modellen die effektiven Verschleissmechanismen bei den Einsätzen der metallurgischen Gefässen nicht hinreichend genau erfasst bzw. berücksichtigt werden können, sind die Möglichkeiten für ein rechnerisches Bestimmen des Zustandes der Feuerfestzustellungen und des Abstichs sowie der Pflegearbeiten der Auskleidung sehr beschränkt, d.h. dass die Entscheidungen über die Einsatzdauer der Feuerfestauskleidung eines Gefässes bzw. dessen Abstich, zum Beispiel eines Konverters, nach wie vor manuell getroffen werden müssen.There are calculation methods for the design of the refractory lining of the tapping and the vessel in particular of metallurgical Melting vessels in which determined data or empirical values are converted into mathematical models. Since with these mathematical models, the effective wear mechanisms in the inserts of the metallurgical vessels can not be detected or taken into account with sufficient accuracy, the possibilities for a computational determination of the state of the refractory linings and the tapping and the care work of the lining are very limited, ie that the decisions over the period of use of the refractory lining of a vessel or its tap, for example, a converter, must still be taken manually.

Bei einem Verfahren gemäss der Druckschrift WO-A-03/081157 zum Messen der Reststärke der feuerfesten Auskleidung im Wand-und/oder Bodenbereich eines metallurgischen Gefässes, z. B. eines Lichtbogenofens, werden die ermittelten Messdaten für das nachfolgende Sanieren der festgestellten Verschleissbereiche verwendet. Die Messeinheit wird dabei an einem zum Sanieren der Auskleidung dienenden Manipulator in eine Messposition über oder innerhalb des metallurgischen Gefässes gebracht und es wird dann die Reststärke der Auskleidung in deren Wand- und/oder Bodenbereich gemessen. Aus einem Vergleich mit einem am Anfang der Ofenreise gemessenen Istprofil der Auskleidung wird deren Verschleiss ermittelt, aus denen dann die feuerfeste Auskleidung saniert werden kann. Mit diesem Verfahren ist aber auch keine umfassende Ermittlung der Gefässauskleidung möglich.In a method according to the document WO-A-03/081157 for measuring the residual strength of the refractory lining in the wall and / or bottom area of a metallurgical vessel, for. As an electric arc furnace, the measured data determined for the subsequent renovation of the detected wear areas are used. The measuring unit is brought to a serving for refurbishing the lining manipulator in a measuring position above or within the metallurgical vessel and it is then measured the residual thickness of the lining in the wall and / or floor area. From a comparison with a measured at the beginning of the furnace travel actual profile of the lining whose wear is determined, from which then the refractory lining can be rehabilitated. With this method, however, no comprehensive determination of the vessel lining is possible.

Gemäss der Druckschrift WO-A-2007/107242 ist ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Wandstärke oder des Verschleisses der Auskleidung eines metallurgischen Schmelzgefässes mit einem Scannersystem zur berührungslosen Erfassung der Auskleidungsfläche mit Ermittlung der Position und Orientierung des Scannersystems und Zuordnung zu der Position des Schmelzgefässes durch die Erfassung von raumfesten Referenzpunkten geoffenbart. Es wird dabei ein lotrechtes Bezugssystem verwendet und die Neigungen von zwei Achsen bezüglich einer waagrechten Ebene werden mittels Neigungssensoren gemessen. Die Messdaten des Scanners können in ein lotrechtes Koordinatensystem transformiert und es ist damit ein automatisiertes Messen des jeweiligen Istzustandes der Auskleidung des Schmelzgefässes möglich.According to the document WO 2007/107242 is a method for determining the wall thickness or wear of the lining of a metallurgical melting vessel with a non-contact scanning system Detection of the lining surface with determination of the position and orientation of the scanner system and assignment to the position of the melting vessel revealed by the detection of spatially fixed reference points. In this case, a perpendicular reference system is used and the inclinations of two axes with respect to a horizontal plane are measured by inclination sensors. The measurement data of the scanner can be transformed into a perpendicular coordinate system and thus an automated measurement of the respective actual state of the lining of the melting vessel is possible.

Ausgehend von diesen bekannten Berechnungsmethoden bzw. Messverfahren liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren nach der eingangs erwähnten Gattung zu schaffen, mittels welchem die Haltbarkeit der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs eines metallurgischen Gefässes und der Prozess an sich optimiert werden kann und manuelle Entscheidungen dafür reduziert bzw. praktisch eliminiert werden.Based on these known calculation methods or measuring methods, the present invention has the object to provide a method according to the type mentioned, by means of which the durability of the refractory lining of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel and the process itself can be optimized and reduces manual decisions for it or virtually eliminated.

Erfindungsgemäss ist diese Aufgabe nach den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention this object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

Das Verfahren nach der Erfindung sieht vor, dass Daten eines jeweiligen Gefässes gesammelt und in einer Datenstruktur gespeichert werden, und aus all den gemessenen und ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern insbesondere der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs ein Rechenmodell erstellt wird, mittels dem diese Daten bzw. Parameter durch Berechnungen und daraus folgenden Analysen ausgewertet werden.The method according to the invention provides that data of a respective vessel are collected and stored in a data structure, and from all the measured and determined data or parameters, in particular the refractory lining of the tap, a computer model is created by means of which these data or parameters Calculations and subsequent analyzes are evaluated.

Mit diesem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren können bei einem metallurgischen Gefäss nicht nur Messungen für die Feststellung des Istzustandes der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs des Gefässes nach dessen Gebrauch ermittelt werden, sondern es können zusammenhängende bzw. ganzheitliche Ermittlungen und daraus Analysen erfolgen, aus denen Optimierungen sowohl in Bezug auf diese Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs als auch gegebenenfalls auf den gesamten Prozessablauf der in das Gefäss eingefüllten und darin behandelten Schmelze erzielt werden.With this method according to the invention, in a metallurgical vessel not only measurements for determining the actual state of the refractory lining of the tapping of the vessel after its use can be determined, but it is also possible to carry out coherent or holistic investigations and analyzes thereof, from which optimization with respect to both Fireproof lining of the tapping and possibly on the entire process flow of the filled and treated in the vessel melt can be achieved.

Weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten dieses Verfahrens im Rahmen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.Further advantageous details of this method in the context of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

Ausführungsbeispiele sowie weitere Vorteile der Erfindung sind nachfolgend anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Längsschnitt eines metallurgischen Gefässes mit einem Abstich.
Embodiments and other advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to a drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic longitudinal section of a metallurgical vessel with a tap.

Das Verfahren bezieht sich insbesondere auf metallurgische Gefässe, wie ein solches Gefäss 10 als Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 1 geschnitten dargestellt ist. Bei dem Gefäss handelt es sich vorliegend um einen an sich bekannten Konverter 10 für die Stahlerzeugung. Dieser Konverter 10 besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Metallgehäuse 15, einer feuerfesten Auskleidung 12, einem Abstich 20 und Gasspülsteinen 17, 18, welche mit einer nicht näher gezeigten Gasversorgung koppelbar sind.The method relates in particular to metallurgical vessels, such as such a vessel 10 as an embodiment in Fig. 1 is shown cut. In the present case, the vessel is a known converter 10 for steelmaking. This converter 10 consists essentially of a metal housing 15, a refractory lining 12, a tapping 20 and gas purging 17, 18, which can be coupled with a gas supply not shown in detail.

Die im Betrieb in dieses Konverters 10 eingefüllte Metallschmelze wird beispielsweise durch ein Blasverfahren metallurgisch behandelt, was nicht näher erläutert ist. Üblicherweise sind in einem Stahlwerk zur Stahlerzeugung gleichzeitig mehrere solcher Konverter 10 im Einsatz und es sind für jeden dieser Konverter die Daten zu erfassen.The filled during operation in this converter 10 molten metal is metallurgically treated, for example by a blowing process, which is not explained in detail. Usually, a plurality of such converters 10 are in use in a steel mill for steel production at the same time and it is to capture the data for each of these converters.

Dem oberen seitlichen Bereich des Konverters 10 ist dieser Abstich 20 zugeordnet, welcher zur Entleerung der Metallschmelze nach ihrer Behandlung dient. Dieser Abstich 20 setzt sich aus einem Abstichkanal 21, aus letzteren bildende hülsenförmige Abstichsteine 22 sowie aus einem metallenen Auslaufstutzen 24 zusammen. Selbstverständlich kann dieser Abstich auch anders als dargestellt ausgestaltet sein.The upper lateral region of the converter 10 is associated with this tap 20, which serves to empty the molten metal after its treatment. This tapping 20 is composed of a tapping channel 21, the latter forming sleeve-shaped tapping blocks 22 and a metal outlet pipe 24 together. Of course, this tap can also be configured differently than shown.

Das Verfahren kann im Prinzip für verschiedene metallurgische Gefässe angewendet werden, wie zum Beispiel für Elektroofen, Hochofen, Stahlpfannen, Gefässe im Bereich von Nichteisenmetallen, wie Aluminium-Schmelzofen, Kupfer-Anodenofen oder dergleichen.The method can in principle be applied to various metallurgical vessels, such as electric furnace, blast furnace, steel ladle, non-ferrous metal vessel such as aluminum smelting furnace, copper anode furnace or the like.

Das Verfahren zeichnet sich noch dadurch aus, dass es gleichsam für verschiedene unterschiedliche Gefässe angewendet werden kann. So können beispielsweise die Feuerfestauskleidungen der Abstiche aller im Betrieb stehenden Konverter und gegebenenfalls Pfannen bestimmt werden, bei denen die gleiche Schmelze zuerst in einem Konverter behandelt und nachfolgend in Stahlpfannen umgegossen werden.The method is characterized by the fact that it can be applied for different different vessels. Thus, for example, the refractory linings of the taps of all standing in operation converter and possibly pans are determined in which the same melt is first treated in a converter and subsequently poured into steel pans.

Es werden als Erstes die in Gruppen unterteilten Daten eines jeweiligen Abstichs 20 des Konverters 10 umfassend gesammelt und in einer Datenstruktur gespeichert.First, the data divided into groups of a respective tap 20 of the converter 10 are comprehensively collected and stored in a data structure.

Um den Verschleiss als eine Gruppe zu messen, erfolgt dies vorerst bei der neuen Feuerfestzustellung, bei welcher die vorgegebenen Abmessungen der Abstichsteine 22 bekannt sind. Zudem werden die Materialien und Materialeigenschaften der verwendeten der Abstichsteine 22 und der allfällig verwendeten Mörtel oder dergleichen erfasst.In order to measure the wear as a group, this is done initially for the new refractory lining, in which the given dimensions of the tapping blocks 22 are known. In addition, the materials and material properties of the used tapping blocks 22 and the mortar or the like may be detected.

Bei der weiteren als Produktionsdaten bezeichneten Gruppe erfolgt eine Aufzeichnung während der Einsatzdauer des jeweiligen Konverters 10, wie Schmelzmenge, Temperatur, Zusammensetzung der Schmelze bzw. der Schlacke und deren Dicke, Abstichzeiten, Temperaturverlauf, Behandlungszeit und/oder metallurgische Parameter; wie besondere Zusätze in der Schmelze. Je nach Art des Konverters werden nur ein Teil oder alle genannten Produktionsdaten aufgezeichnet.In the other group designated as production data, a recording takes place during the period of use of the respective converter 10, such as melt quantity, temperature, composition of the melt or slag and their thickness, tapping times, temperature profile, treatment time and / or metallurgical parameters; like special additives in the melt. Depending on the type of converter, only part or all of the above production data is recorded.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass primär auf die Abstichzeit für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen durch das Rechenmodell abgestellt wird. Mit den Messungen der Abstichzeiten können sehr zuverlässige Rückschlüsse auf den Verschleiss und weitere Faktoren, wie Änderungen mit zunehmender Gebrauchszeit der feuerfesten Abstichsteine, gezogen werden.The invention is characterized in particular by focusing primarily on the tapping time for the recurrent calculations or analyzes by the computer model. With the measurements of the tapping times very reliable conclusions about the wear and other factors, such as changes with increasing service life of the refractory tapping stones, can be drawn.

Nach dem Einsatz des Konverters 10 erfolgt vorteilhaft eine Messung der Innendurchmesser der Feuerfestauskleidung im Abstich 20 vorteilhaft abschnittweise. Es genügt dabei, wenn die Messung der Wandstärken der Auskleidung 12 nach einer Anzahl von Abstichen durchgeführt wird. Es können dann noch weitere Prozessparameter, wie Einfüll- bzw. Abstichart der Metallschmelze in bzw. aus dem Schmelzgefäss ermittelt werden.After the use of the converter 10 advantageously takes place a measurement of the inner diameter of the refractory lining in the tapping 20 advantageously sections. It is sufficient if the measurement of the wall thicknesses of the lining 12 is carried out after a number of taps. It can then be determined other process parameters, such as filling or Abstichart the molten metal in or out of the melting vessel.

Erfindungsgemäss wird aus zumindest einem Teil der gemessenen und ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern ein Rechenmodell erstellt, mittels dem diese Daten bzw. Parameter durch Berechnungen und daraus folgenden Analysen ausgewertet werden.According to the invention, a mathematical model is created from at least part of the measured and determined data or parameters, by means of which these data or parameters are evaluated by calculations and subsequent analyzes.

Durch dieses erfindungsgemässe erstellte Rechenmodell können die maximale Einsatzdauer, die Wandstärken, die Materialien und/oder die Pflegedaten der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs 20 oder umgekehrt die Prozessabläufe bei der Behandlung der Schmelze optimiert werden. Dabei kann aus diesen Analysen mitunter über die weitere Verwendung ohne oder mit Reparaturen der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs 20 werden. Es bedarf nicht mehr oder nur beschränkt einer manuellen erfahrungsmässigen Auslegung der Einsatzdauer der der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs 20 und der andern festzulegenden Grössen, wie Wandstärken, Materialauswahl etc..By means of this generated calculation model according to the invention, the maximum duration of use, the wall thicknesses, the materials and / or the care data of the refractory lining of the tapping 20 or, conversely, the process sequences in the treatment of the melt can be optimized. It can be from these analyzes sometimes on the further use without or with repairs of the refractory lining of the tapping 20. It requires no more or only a limited experience manual interpretation of the duration of use of the refractory lining of the tapping 20 and the other sizes to be determined, such as wall thickness, choice of material etc ..

Zweckmässigerweise wird der Abstich 20 in mehrere Abschnitte unterteilt, zum Beispiel in einen Einlass im Behälterinnern, in mehrere Abschnitte im Abstichkanal 21 und in einen Auslass beim Auslaufstutzen 24.The tapping 20 is expediently subdivided into several sections, for example into an inlet in the container interior, into a plurality of sections in the tapping channel 21 and into an outlet at the outlet connection 24.

Mit dem Rechenmodell werden die Abschnitte im Abstich 20 einzeln bzw. unabhängig voneinander ausgewertet. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die unterschiedlichen Belastungen der Auskleidung entsprechend berücksichtigt werden können.With the calculation model, the sections in the tapping 20 are evaluated individually or independently of one another. This has the advantage that the different Loads of the lining can be considered accordingly.

Vor oder während dem Erstellen des Rechenmodells werden die Daten nach der Erfassung hinsichtlich ihrer Plausibilität geprüft und bei Vorliegen eines Fehlens oder Ausreissens eines oder mehrere Werte werden diese jeweils korrigiert oder gelöscht. Nach dem vorzugsweise einzelnen Prüfen der Daten werden diese zu einem zusammengefügten gültigen Datensatz gespeichert.Before or during the creation of the calculation model, the data is checked for plausibility after the acquisition, and if one or more values are missing or torn out, these are respectively corrected or deleted. After preferably individually checking the data, these are saved to a merged valid record.

Vorteilhaft werden eine reduzierte Anzahl aus den gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen ausgewählt, wobei dies in Abhängigkeit von Erfahrungswerten oder durch Rechenmethoden erfolgt. Diese Auswahl der gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen erfolgt mittels Algorithmen, beispielsweise einer Random Feature Selection.Advantageously, a reduced number is selected from the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes, this taking place as a function of empirical values or by calculation methods. This selection of the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes takes place by means of algorithms, for example a random feature selection.

Die Daten werden zu statistischen Zwecken oder für eine spätere Aufzeichnung für das Rekonstruieren von Produktionsfehlern oder ähnlichem verwendet.The data is used for statistical purposes or for later recording for the reconstruction of production errors or the like.

Aus den Messungen der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs 20 nach einer Anzahl von Abstichen mittels einer Analyse, zum Beispiel einer Regressionsanalyse, wird als weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung das Rechenmodell adaptiert, durch welches der Verschleiss unter Berücksichtigung der gesammelten und strukturierten Daten berechnet oder simuliert werden kann. Dieses adaptierte Rechenmodell eignet sich speziell auch zur Verwendung von Testzwecken, um daraus Prozessabläufe auszutesten bzw. zu simulieren und gezielte Veränderungen vorzunehmen.From the measurements of the refractory lining of the tapping 20 after a number of taps by means of an analysis, for example a regression analysis, the calculation model is adapted as a further advantage of the invention, by which the wear can be calculated or simulated taking into account the collected and structured data. This adapted calculation model is especially suitable for use of test purposes in order to test or simulate process sequences and to carry out targeted changes.

Die Erfindung ist mit dem oben erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel ausreichend dargetan. Selbstverständlich könnte sie noch durch andere Varianten realisiert sein.The invention is sufficiently demonstrated with the embodiment explained above. Of course, it could still be realized by other variants.

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren insbesondere zur Bestimmung des Zustandes des Abstichs eines metallurgischen Gefässes, bei dem Daten der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs (20), wie Materialien, Wanddicke, Einbauart und weitere erfasst bzw. gemessen und ausgewertet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die nachfolgenden gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten eines jeweiligen Gefässes (10) gesammelt und in einer Datenstruktur gespeichert werden, nämlich ➢ die anfängliche Feuerfestzustellung zumindest der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs (20), wie Materialien, Materialeigenschaften, Wandstärken der Abstichsteine (22) und/oder Einspritzmaterialien als Pflegedaten; ➢ Produktionsdaten während dem Einsatz, wie Schmelzmenge, Temperatur, Zusammensetzung der Schmelze bzw. der Schlacke und deren Dicke, Abstichzeiten, Temperaturverläufe, Behandlungszeiten und/oder metallurgische Parameter; ➢ weitere Prozessparameter, wie Einfüll- bzw. Abstichart der Metallschmelze in bzw. aus dem Gefäss; dass aus zumindest einem Teil der gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern ein Rechenmodell erstellt wird, mittels dem diese Daten bzw. Parameter durch Berechnungen und daraus folgenden Analysen ausgewertet werden. 1. A method in particular for determining the state of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel, are recorded in the data of the refractory lining of the tapping (20), such as materials, wall thickness, installation and others and measured and evaluated, characterized in that
the subsequent measured or determined data of a respective vessel (10) are collected and stored in a data structure, namely ➢ the initial refractory lining of at least the refractory lining of the tapping (20), such as materials, material properties, wall thicknesses of the tapping stones (22) and / or injection materials as care data; ➢ production data during use, such as melt quantity, temperature, composition of the melt or slag and their thickness, tapping times, temperature profiles, treatment times and / or metallurgical parameters; ➢ other process parameters, such as filling or Abstichart the molten metal in or out of the vessel; a mathematical model is generated from at least part of the measured or determined data or parameters, by means of which these data or parameters are evaluated by calculations and subsequent analyzes. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass primär die Abstichzeit für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen durch das Rechenmodell berücksichtigt wird, wobei dies in Abhängigkeit von Erfahrungswerten oder durch Rechenmethoden erfolgt. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that primarily the tapping time for the recurrent calculations or analyzes is taken into account by the computer model, this being done depending on empirical values or by calculation methods. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Daten nach der Erfassung hinsichtlich ihrer Plausibilität geprüft und bei Vorliegen eines Fehlens, Ausreissens eines oder mehrere Werte diese jeweils korrigiert oder gelöscht werden. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data after the detection checked for plausibility and in the presence of a lack, tearing one or more values, these are respectively corrected or deleted. 4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Daten nach dem vorzugsweise einzelnen Prüfen zu einem zusammengefügten gültigen Datensatz gespeichert werden. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the data are stored after the preferably individual check to a joined valid data record. 4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine reduzierte Anzahl aus den gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen ausgewählt werden, wobei dies in Abhängigkeit von Erfahrungswerten oder durch Rechenmethoden erfolgt. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a reduced number of the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes are selected, this being done depending on empirical values or by calculation methods. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Auswahl der gemessenen bzw. ermittelten Daten bzw. Parametern für die wiederkehrenden Berechnungen bzw. Analysen mittels Algorithmen, beispielsweise einer Random Feature Selection, erfolgt. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that this selection of the measured or determined data or parameters for the recurrent calculations or analyzes by means of algorithms, for example, a random feature selection, takes place. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Daten zu statistischen Zwecken oder für eine spätere Aufzeichnung von Daten verwendet wird. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the data is used for statistical purposes or for a later recording of data. 7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch dieses erstellte Rechenmodell über die weitere Verwendung ohne oder mit Reparaturen der Feuerfestauskleidung des Abstichs (20) entschieden wird. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that is decided by this computational model on the further use without or with repairs of the refractory lining of the tapping (20). 8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus den Messungen der Abstichzeiten der Schmelze aus dem Gefäss mittels einer Analyse, zum Beispiel einer Regressionsanalyse, das Rechenmodell adaptiert wird, durch welches der Verschleiss unter Berücksichtigung der gesammelten und strukturierten Daten berechnet werden kann. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that from the measurements of the tapping of the melt from the vessel by means of an analysis, for example a regression analysis, the calculation model is adapted, by which the wear taking into account the collected and structured Data can be calculated. 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Modell zu Testzwecken verwendet wird, um daraus Prozessabläufe auszutesten bzw. zu simulieren, um daraus gezielte Veränderungen im realen Betrieb vorzunehmen. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the model is used for test purposes in order to test or simulate process sequences in order to make targeted changes in real operation. 10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich dieser Abstich (20) aus einem Abstichkanal (21) sowie aus letzteren bildende hülsenförmige Abstichsteinen (22) aus Feuerfestmaterial zusammensetzt. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that this tapping (20) consists of a tapping channel (21) and of the latter forming sleeve-shaped tapping stones (22) made of refractory material.
EP20130184161 2013-04-12 2013-09-12 Method, in particular for determining the condition of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel Withdrawn EP2789961A1 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130184161 EP2789961A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2013-09-12 Method, in particular for determining the condition of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel
US14/777,770 US20160298907A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
CN201480020917.6A CN105102915A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of metallurgical vessel in particular
KR1020157031887A KR20150143588A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
RU2015138120A RU2015138120A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CONDITION OF THE OUTLET, IN PARTICULAR, METALLURGICAL VESSEL
MX2015010538A MX2015010538A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular.
PCT/EP2014/054473 WO2014166678A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
JP2016506819A JP2016519750A (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 A method for determining the state of the metal outlet in particular of a metallurgical vessel
CA2896916A CA2896916A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
AU2014252322A AU2014252322A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
BR112015024597A BR112015024597A2 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-03-07 method for determining the state of the tap of a particular metallurgical container
IL239709A IL239709A0 (en) 2013-04-12 2015-06-29 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular
ZA2015/05037A ZA201505037B (en) 2013-04-12 2015-07-14 Method for determining the state of the tap of a metallurgical vessel in particular

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EP13163565.8A EP2789960B1 (en) 2013-04-12 2013-04-12 Method for determining the condition of a fire-resistant lining of a metallurgical melting vessel
EP20130184161 EP2789961A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2013-09-12 Method, in particular for determining the condition of the tapping of a metallurgical vessel

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