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EP2744952B1 - Système de blocage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher - Google Patents

Système de blocage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2744952B1
EP2744952B1 EP12824331.8A EP12824331A EP2744952B1 EP 2744952 B1 EP2744952 B1 EP 2744952B1 EP 12824331 A EP12824331 A EP 12824331A EP 2744952 B1 EP2744952 B1 EP 2744952B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tongue
locking
building panels
groove
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12824331.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2744952A1 (fr
EP2744952A4 (fr
Inventor
Tony Pervan
Darko Pervan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceraloc Innovation AB
Original Assignee
Ceraloc Innovation AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceraloc Innovation AB filed Critical Ceraloc Innovation AB
Priority to PL17198982T priority Critical patent/PL3299539T3/pl
Priority to EP19206640.5A priority patent/EP3623544B1/fr
Priority to PL12824331T priority patent/PL2744952T3/pl
Priority to EP17198982.5A priority patent/EP3299539B1/fr
Publication of EP2744952A1 publication Critical patent/EP2744952A1/fr
Publication of EP2744952A4 publication Critical patent/EP2744952A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2744952B1 publication Critical patent/EP2744952B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E04F2201/0547—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted to be moved perpendicular to the joint edge

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to the field of mechanical locking systems for floor panels and building panels and production methods to insert a tongue into a groove.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in floating floors, which are formed of floor panels which are joined mechanically with a locking system integrated with the floor panel, i.e. mounted at the factory, are made up of one or more upper layers of wood or wood veneer, decorative laminate, powder based surfaces or decorative plastic material, an intermediate core of wood-fibre-based material or plastic material and preferably a lower balancing layer on the rear side of the core.
  • Floor panels with a surface layer of cork, linoleum, rubber or soft wear layers, for instance needle felt glued to a board, printed and preferably also varnished surface and floors with hard surfaces such as stone, tile and similar materials are included.
  • Embodiments of the invention may also be used for joining building panels which preferably contain a board material for instance wall panels, ceilings, furniture components and similar.
  • the long and short edges are mainly used to simplify the description of embodiments of the invention.
  • the panels may be square.
  • the invention is preferably used on the short edges. It should be emphasised that the invention may be used in any floor panel and it may be combined with all types of known locking system formed on the long edges, where the floor panels are intended to be joined using a mechanical locking system connecting the panels in the horizontal and vertical directions on at least two adjacent sides.
  • Laminate flooring usually comprise a core of a 6-12 mm fibre board, a 0,2-0,8 mm thick upper decorative surface layer of laminate and a 0.1-0.6 mm thick lower balancing layer of laminate, plastic, paper or like material.
  • a laminate surface comprises melamine-impregnated paper.
  • the most common core material is fibreboard with high density and good stability usually called HDF - High Density Fibreboard. Sometimes also MDF - Medium Density Fibreboard - is used as core.
  • Laminate floorings are joined mechanically by means of so-called mechanical locking systems. These systems comprise locking means, which lock the panels horizontally and vertically.
  • the mechanical locking systems are usually formed by machining of the core of the panel.
  • parts of the locking system may be formed of a separate material, for instance aluminium or HDF, which is integrated with the floor panel, i.e. joined with the floor panel in connection with the manufacture thereof.
  • the visible surface of the installed floor panel is called “front side”, while the opposite side of the floor panel, facing the sub floor, is called “rear side”.
  • the edge between the front and rear side is called “joint edge”.
  • horizontal plane is meant a plane, which extends parallel to the outer part of the surface layer.
  • Immediately juxtaposed upper parts of two adjacent joint edges of two joined floor panels together define a “vertical plane” perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • vertical locking is meant locking parallel to the vertical plan.
  • horizontal locking is meant locking parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • up is meant towards the front side, by “down” towards the rear side, by “inwardly” mainly horizontally towards an inner and centre part of the panel and by “outwardly” mainly horizontally away from the centre part of the panel.
  • locking systems co acting connecting elements, which connect the floor panels vertically and/or horizontally.
  • the long edges are installed by angling.
  • the panel is than displaced in locked position along the long side.
  • the short edges are locked by horizontal snapping.
  • the vertical connection is generally a tongue and a groove.
  • a strip with a locking element is bent and when the edges are in contact, the strip springs back and a locking element enters a locking groove and locks the panels horizontally.
  • Such a snap connection is complicated since a hammer and a tapping block may need to be used to overcome the friction between the long edges and to bend the strip during the snapping action.
  • Similar locking systems may also be produced with a rigid strip and they are connected with an angling-angling method where both short and long edges are angled into a locked position.
  • a flexible tongue 30 is during locking displaced in a horizontally extending displacement groove 40 and into a tongue groove 20 of an adjacent panel.
  • the displaceable tongue locks the edges vertically and a strip 6 with a locking element that cooperates with a locking groove 14 locks the panels horizontally.
  • the locking is a combination of vertical displacement and turning similar to a scissor action.
  • the tongue is gradually displaced inwardly during locking from one inner edge to an outer edge as shown in figure 1d such that the tongue is bent in the length direction.
  • Such systems are referred to as vertical snap systems and they provide an automatically locking during the folding action.
  • High locking force can only be accomplished with high snapping resistance when the tongue is pressed inwardly and bent in the length direction. This creates separation forces that tend to push the panels apart during folding. The locking may lose its strength if the flexibility and pressing force of the tongue decreases over time. The flexibility must be considerable and allow that a flexible tongue is displaced in two directions about 1-2 mm. The material, which is used to produce such tongues, is rather expensive and glass fibres are generally used to reinforce the flexible tongue. It would be a major advantage if snapping could be eliminated in a system that locks automatically during folding.
  • WO 2013/017575 A1 discloses a connection for panel-type components by means of a lock which acts along adjacent lateral edges of the components and which can be brought into engagement by lowering a component relative to a component that has already been installed.
  • a profiled slide is guided in a movable manner on one component and may be brought into locking engagement with a locking recess on the other component for the purpose of a vertical lock.
  • the profiled slide has a locking projection with a first guiding surface which is positioned diagonally with respect to the installation plane and which comes into contact with a locking surface of the locking recess during the lowering process such that a force component that causes a movement from a release position into a locking position is applied to the profiled slide.
  • An overall objective of embodiment of the present invention is to provide a locking system for primarily rectangular floor panels with long and short edges installed in parallel rows, which allows that the short edges may be locked to each other automatically without a snap action that creates a locking resistance and separation forces of the short edges during folding, and that comprises means that prevent the tongue to slide back into the groove after locking.
  • a specific objective is to provide a locking system with a separate displaceable tongue that may be bent in length direction with a lower separation force.
  • An aspect of the invention is building panels provided with a locking system for vertical locking of a first and a second building panel by a vertical displacement of the panels relative each other.
  • a displaceable tongue is inserted into a sidewardly open displacement groove provided at an edge of the first panel.
  • Said tongue cooperates with a tongue groove provided at an adjacent edge of the second panel for locking the edges vertically.
  • a strip protrudes below the displacement groove and outwardly beyond the upper part of the edge or below the tongue groove and outwardly beyond the upper part of the adjacent edge.
  • the displaceable tongue comprises a pulling extension at its outer part configured to cooperate with a pulling protrusion formed at an edge of the adjacent panel such that the displaceable tongue is pulled out from the displacement groove and into the tongue groove when the edges of the panels are displaced vertically against each other.
  • Said pulling protrusion may be part of the tongue groove.
  • the pulling extension may be inclined in relation to a main horizontal plane of the panels.
  • the pulling protrusion may be inclined in relation to a main horizontal plane of the panels.
  • the displaceable tongue is provided with a locking hook that prevents the tongue to slide back into the displacement groove after locking.
  • the locking hook may lock against an outer part of the displacement groove.
  • Figures 2a-2e show a short edge locking system provided with a flexible and displaceable tongue 30 in an edge of a first panel 1 inserted in a horizontally extending displacement groove 40.
  • the displaceable tongue 30 has a pulling extension 31 comprising a tongue pulling surface 32 and tongue locking surface 33.
  • the second adjacent panel 1' has a pulling protrusion 21 with a groove pulling surface 22 that is also a part of a tongue groove 20 comprising a groove locking surface 23.
  • the pulling surfaces 22, 32 cooperate during the vertical displacement and pull the displaceable tongue 30 into a tongue groove 20.
  • the pulling extension 31 comprises a tongue locking surface 33 that locks against a groove locking surface 23 and prevents vertical displacement of the edges in a first vertical direction.
  • a locking strip 6 and a lower part 39 of the adjacent panel locks the edges in a second vertical direction.
  • a locking element 8 and a locking groove 14 locks the edges horizontally together with the upper edges.
  • the vertical connection may be used without the horizontal locking as shown by figure 2e .
  • Short edges may be locked horizontally by for example friction between long edges.
  • the tongue may be attached into a displacement groove 40 formed on the panel comprising the strip 6, the strip panel, or on the panel comprising the locking groove, the groove panel, as shown in figures 3a-3c .
  • the pulling protrusion 21 may extend upwardly or downwardly and the displacement groove may be inclined against the horizontal plane HP.
  • Figures 4a-4c show that the strip 6 may be formed as a separate material.
  • the pulling protrusion 21 may be flexible and this may eliminate production tolerances and facilitate the displacement of the tongue 30 into the tongue groove 20 during folding.
  • Figures 5a-5e show that the displaceable tongue 30 may comprise a locking hook 34 that may serve as a friction connection to prevent the tongue 30 from falling out from the groove 40 but also to prevent the tongue from sliding back after locking.
  • the locking angle A1 is preferably about 45 degrees or higher. A higher angle facilitates displacement into the tongue groove 20 but also backward displacement. This may be prevented by a hook connection 34 that preferably locks against an upper or lower part of the displacement groove 40.
  • the hook connection is pressed into the groove by a hammer that inserts the tongue 30 into the groove 40 during production.
  • the hook 34 slides against a bevel formed at the displacement groove 40 as shown in figure 5c .
  • the upper part of the locking element 8 is preferably located vertically below the tongue locking surface 33 as shown in figure 5d . This gives a stronger locking.
  • the locking system may have a geometry that allows locking and unlocking with angling.
  • Figures 6a-6c show that the displaceable tongue 30 turns and bends in the length direction during folding when an inner short edge of the tongue, as shown in figure 6b is in locked position and an outer short edge of the tongue 30 is in unlocked position as shown in figure 6d .
  • the locking function may be improved if cavities 35 are formed on the displaceable tongue 30. Locking may also be improved if the locking surface 32 at an edge has a lower angle than at an inner part as shown in figures 6b and 6c .
  • the cavities 35 may be formed at tongue section where the locking hooks 34 are formed.
  • the displaceable tongue 30 comprises preferably a polymer material and is preferably formed by injection moulding.
  • Figures 7a-7d show that the locking hook 34 may comprise a hook part 34a that is used to press the hook connection upwards by inserting rails 36 during the insertion of the tongue 30 into the displacement groove 40.
  • Figures 8a-8c show that the locking hook 34 may be used to prevent unlocking in any locking system where a tongue is displace in a groove from an inner position to an outer position.
  • the shown locking system comprises pushing protrusions 38 located in pushing cavities 37. The pushing protrusions slide against the locking element 8 and push the tongue 30 into a tongue groove 20.
  • the locking element 8 is preferably located vertically below the cooperating locking surfaces 23,33 of the tongue 30 and the tongue groove 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Panneaux de construction prévus avec un système de blocage pour le blocage vertical d'un premier (1) et d'un second (1') panneau de construction par un déplacement vertical desdits panneaux de construction (1, 1') l'un par rapport à l'autre, une languette déplaçable (30) est insérée dans une rainure de déplacement latéralement ouverte (40) prévue au niveau d'un bord du premier panneau de construction, ladite languette coopère avec une rainure de languette (20) prévue au niveau d'un bord adjacent du second panneau de construction (1') pour bloquer le bord et le bord adjacent verticalement, une bande (6) fait saillie :
    au-dessous de la rainure de déplacement et vers l'extérieur au-delà d'une partie supérieure du bord ; ou
    au-dessous de la rainure de languette et vers l'extérieur au-delà d'une partie supérieure du bord adjacent,
    dans lesquelles :
    la languette déplaçable (30) comprend une extension de traction (31) au niveau de sa partie externe configurée pour coopérer avec une saillie de traction (21) formée au niveau du bord adjacent de sorte que la languette déplaçable (30) est retirée de la rainure de déplacement (40) et dans la rainure de languette (20), lorsque les bords desdits panneaux de construction sont verticalement déplacés l'un contre l'autre,
    caractérisés en ce que :
    la languette déplaçable (30) comprend un crochet de blocage (34) qui empêche la languette de revenir, par coulissement, dans la rainure de déplacement (40) après blocage.
  2. Panneaux de construction selon la revendication 1, dans lesquels une partie de ladite saillie de traction (21) fait partie de la rainure de languette (20).
  3. Panneaux de construction selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    dans lesquels l'extension de traction (31) et la saillie de traction (21) sont inclinées par rapport à un plan horizontal principal (HP) des panneaux.
  4. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) se bloque contre une partie externe de la rainure de déplacement (40).
  5. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lesquels lesdits panneaux de construction sont des panneaux de plancher.
  6. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) sert de raccordement par friction.
  7. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) est configuré pour empêcher la languette déplaçable (30) de tomber de la rainure de déplacement (40) après le blocage des panneaux de construction.
  8. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) est configuré pour se bloquer contre une partie supérieure ou inférieure de la rainure de déplacement (40).
  9. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) est configuré pour coulisser contre un biseau formé au niveau de la rainure de déplacement (40).
  10. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lesquels des cavités (35) sont formées sur la languette déplaçable (30).
  11. Panneaux de construction selon la revendication 10, dans lesquels les cavités (35) sont formées au niveau d'une section de languette où les crochets de blocage (34) sont formés.
  12. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, dans lesquels le crochet de blocage (34) comprend une partie de crochet (34a) qui est configurée pour comprimer le raccordement de crochet vers le haut en insérant des rails pendant l'insertion de la languette déplaçable (30) dans la rainure déplaçable (40).
  13. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, dans lesquels une partie supérieure d'un élément de blocage (8) du premier panneau de construction est positionnée verticalement au-dessous d'une surface de blocage de languette (33) de l'extension de traction (31) dans un état bloqué des panneaux de construction.
  14. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, dans lesquels la languette déplaçable (30) est une languette déplaçable séparée.
  15. Panneaux de construction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, dans lesquels la languette déplaçable (30) comprend un matériau polymère.
EP12824331.8A 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de blocage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher Active EP2744952B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17198982T PL3299539T3 (pl) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Panele budowlane zapewnione z mechanicznym układem blokującym
EP19206640.5A EP3623544B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de verrouillage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher
PL12824331T PL2744952T3 (pl) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Układ zblokowania mechanicznego dla paneli podłogowych
EP17198982.5A EP3299539B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Panneaux de construction munis d'un système de verrouillage mécanique

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161523584P 2011-08-15 2011-08-15
SE1150741 2011-08-15
PCT/SE2012/050872 WO2013025164A1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de blocage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17198982.5A Division EP3299539B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Panneaux de construction munis d'un système de verrouillage mécanique
EP19206640.5A Division EP3623544B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de verrouillage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2744952A1 EP2744952A1 (fr) 2014-06-25
EP2744952A4 EP2744952A4 (fr) 2016-05-18
EP2744952B1 true EP2744952B1 (fr) 2017-11-08

Family

ID=47715312

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17198982.5A Active EP3299539B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Panneaux de construction munis d'un système de verrouillage mécanique
EP12824331.8A Active EP2744952B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de blocage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher
EP19206640.5A Active EP3623544B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de verrouillage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17198982.5A Active EP3299539B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Panneaux de construction munis d'un système de verrouillage mécanique

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19206640.5A Active EP3623544B1 (fr) 2011-08-15 2012-08-14 Système de verrouillage mécanique pour panneaux de plancher

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (3) EP3299539B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6184953B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102058467B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103732841B (fr)
AU (1) AU2012295598B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014002946A8 (fr)
CA (1) CA2844393C (fr)
MY (1) MY165233A (fr)
PH (1) PH12014500025A1 (fr)
PL (2) PL3299539T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2597900C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA110987C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013025164A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3623544B1 (fr) 2022-10-05
KR20140053262A (ko) 2014-05-07
UA110987C2 (uk) 2016-03-10
BR112014002946A2 (pt) 2017-03-01
CA2844393A1 (fr) 2013-02-21
RU2014107916A (ru) 2015-09-27
CN103732841A (zh) 2014-04-16
KR102058467B1 (ko) 2019-12-23
JP6184953B2 (ja) 2017-08-23
CN103732841B (zh) 2016-09-21
RU2597900C2 (ru) 2016-09-20
PH12014500025A1 (en) 2016-02-17
PL3299539T3 (pl) 2020-03-31
EP2744952A1 (fr) 2014-06-25
CA2844393C (fr) 2019-09-03
EP3299539A1 (fr) 2018-03-28
EP2744952A4 (fr) 2016-05-18
WO2013025164A1 (fr) 2013-02-21
MY165233A (en) 2018-03-14
EP3623544A1 (fr) 2020-03-18
PL2744952T3 (pl) 2018-04-30
AU2012295598A1 (en) 2014-01-23
BR112014002946A8 (pt) 2018-04-03
EP3299539B1 (fr) 2019-11-06
AU2012295598B2 (en) 2017-06-15
JP2014526004A (ja) 2014-10-02

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