EP2614685A1 - Leuchtkörper mit zusatzelektroden - Google Patents
Leuchtkörper mit zusatzelektrodenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2614685A1 EP2614685A1 EP11767191.7A EP11767191A EP2614685A1 EP 2614685 A1 EP2614685 A1 EP 2614685A1 EP 11767191 A EP11767191 A EP 11767191A EP 2614685 A1 EP2614685 A1 EP 2614685A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- luminous element
- light
- electric field
- emitting material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
Definitions
- the invention relates to a luminous body with a Constanti, a light emitting material, a dielectric layer and with a front electrode and a rear electrode, which generate a first alternating electric field, and a method for driving such a filament.
- Electroluminescence is a form of luminescence in which a solid is excited by application of an electric field or voltage to produce electromagnetic radiation, e.g. in the form of light, to emit.
- Luminescence is the optical radiation of a physical system, which arises during the transition from an excited state to the ground state.
- Electric field in electrostatics and electrodynamics refers to a state of space that is caused by the electrical charges present and by the temporal change of the magnetic field. Charges are influenced by the electric field.
- Such luminous bodies consist essentially of a carrier body, on which an electrically conductive metal, for example indium tin oxide (ITO), is vapor-deposited as a front electrode. Then the actual layer structure for generating the electroluminescent light is applied.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- This layer structure consists of a light-emitting material which essentially comprises zinc sulfides, which is applied by means of a binder to the metallized film, on which a dielectric layer and thereon a electrically conductive layer, for example made of silver or carbon, which represents the plate-shaped mesh silvere electrode.
- Such a layer structure as described above is known, for example, from international patent application WO 2003/001 852.
- the construction described has the disadvantage that the alternating electric field is built up only in the direction which is defined by the connection line of the front electrode with the remindeiektrode.
- the front and back electrodes act as substantially parallel plate electrodes, and the resulting alternating electric field forms in an orientation normal to the surface of the plates.
- the alternating electric field can be generated only in the vertical direction, whereby only electrons which are aligned correspondingly in the direction of this electric field can be used for luminescence. All other electrons are available to generate light, but are not used because the alternating field is not aligned properly.
- a forced alignment of the preferred direction of the light-emitting material during the manufacturing process would be possible, but can only be achieved with great technical effort.
- the electric field of change In order to achieve a sufficient light intensity, the electric field of change must be sufficiently strong for a given area and work in continuous operation, which in turn has a reduced life of the filament result.
- the present invention is therefore the technical object of the invention to realize a luminous body, on the one hand allows a higher light intensity for a given life and area, and on the other hand with the same light intensity and area has a longer life.
- life and light intensity should be able to be increased, and it should continue be possible to increase only each life or light intensity, without significantly affecting the other component.
- the lifetime refers to the period during which the light intensity decreases from 100% to 50% at constant operating parameters.
- the light intensity of a light source indicates the energy with which it emits light of a certain frequency in a certain period of time and direction.
- the electrodes are aligned such that the second alternating electrical field is oriented at an angle, in particular at right angles to the first alternating electric field.
- an orientation corresponding to the material can be selected, if this is constructively possible.
- the luminous body according to the invention can be constructed as follows: On the carrier material, a front electrode is applied, which consists for example of indium tin oxide (so-called ITO), and in particular can be transparent. In order to initiate the electrical voltage in this electrode as evenly as possible, this electrode is powered by its own contact. The front electrode is protected against the additional electrodes by an insulating transparent layer against short circuit. The light-emitting material is applied to this insulating transparent layer in such a way that subsequently the additional electrodes can be applied in the interspaces of the active layer.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a dielectric layer is applied to this layer, which on the one hand isolates the additional electrodes against the back electrode and, on the other hand, is intended to reflect the generated light towards the transparent front electrode.
- the back electrode is applied to the dielectric layer.
- the individual layer thicknesses should be described as follows:
- the thickness of the carrier material can be selected according to the requirements of the application.
- the layer thickness of the transparent front electrode directly influences the transmittance of this layer. On the other hand, however, a sufficient layer thickness is necessary to achieve an acceptable electrical conductivity in this layer.
- the layer thickness is preferably chosen to be more than 5 ⁇ m but less than 1 mm.
- the thickness of the transparent insulating layer can also be selected in a range of more than 5 ⁇ m but less than 1 mm. It should be noted that this layer already acts as a capacity in the vertical field.
- the thickness of the light-emitting material, and thus also the electrodes of the additional horizontal electric field may be chosen to be greater than 5 pm but less than 1 mm thick. This layer is also to be considered as capacity in the vertical field.
- the dielectric layer may have a layer thickness of more than 5 ⁇ m but less than 1 mm.
- Last is the return electrode applied, which may preferably have a thickness of more than 10 ⁇ , but less than 1 mm.
- the electrodes in the light-emitting material form a first electrode comb structure as well as a second electrode comb structure engaging therein, wherein victions of the light-emitting material extend between the fingers. These webs are separated from each other and each serve as their own light-emitting element. It may also be advantageous to additionally cover the luminous element with a cover layer for protection against environmental influences. This may in particular be a transparent or provided with color particles or pigments laminate. In order to supply the additionally provided electrodes electrically with alternating voltage, it can be provided that the front electrode or the rear electrode is electrically connected to the electrodes.
- the front electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode comb structure and the rear electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode comb structure.
- the first and the second alternating electric field are formed by the same voltage source, and do not differ in time, but in the spatial orientation.
- a first AC voltage source may be provided, which is also part of the invention.
- a second alternating voltage source can be provided between the first electrode comb structure and the second electrode comb structure in order to be able to form the second alternating electric field completely independently of the first alternating electric field.
- an electric rotary field can be realized by appropriate choice of the strength of the fed AC electric fields and the respective selected waveform (sine, rectangle, triangle, etc.) and phase shift by superposition of both fields, which rotates in a plane and correspondingly all preferred directions on this Plane passes and can stimulate electrons to light emission.
- the front electrode, the rear electrode, the first electrode comb structure and the second electrode comb structure may be connected to the phases or the neutral conductor of a three-phase network.
- the phase shift in this case is 60 ° and exemplary values for voltage and frequency of such a three-phase network are 110V and 400Hz.
- the waveform is not limited to a sine wave signal.
- the front electrode, the rear electrode and / or the insulating layer are made at least partially transparent.
- the dielectric layer can be formed to be reflective or comprise a light-reflecting layer in order to increase the luminous efficacy. It may be embodied as an insulating material such as alumina, barium titanate, an insulating electroplated layer, plastic or the like.
- the light-emitting material may be any electroluminescent material, which in particular comprises zinc suide.
- the light-emitting material may be partially applied to define logos, logos or the like. It may further comprise encapsulated or unencapsulated phosphors or other materials which may be made to glow upon application of an electric field.
- the front electrode and / or the back electrode may also comprise an electrically conductive polymer, in particular polyvinyl acrylate. This has the advantage that it is flexible and thus can adapt better to the structural conditions.
- the above-mentioned cover layer for protection against environmental influences may further, for design reasons, translucent areas and opaque areas include.
- the cover layer can be designed as a liquid laminate, in particular as a lacquer.
- the invention further includes a method for driving a filament according to the invention, wherein in the light-emitting material, a second alternating electric field is generated, which is oriented at an angle, in particular at right angles to the first alternating electric field.
- the device according to the invention is operated as described above with two independent AC voltage sources.
- the alternating voltage sources are controlled so that the electric field is generated alternately in one and the other orientation (for example, vertically and horizontally).
- a flashing is generated for the light-emitting material, since this is not constantly stimulated, but is turned on and off similarly to a turn signal.
- This flashing has a positive effect on the service life, which can be significantly increased (at least by 35%).
- a perceptible to the human eye flicker is avoided by a corresponding frequency selection. It can be provided that the pulses overlap, ie both alternating fields are active for a short time, or both alternating fields are switched off for a short time during the pulse.
- the device according to the invention can be operated with a single AC voltage source as described above.
- the return electrode is connected to a part of the additional electrodes and the contacting of the front electrode with the remaining part of the additional electrodes.
- the one and the other comb of the additional electrodes must be contacted alternately, so as to ensure the generation of the additional alternating field.
- the inventive device as described above again with a single Kirditionsquelie operated.
- the return electrode is connected to a part of the additional electrodes (for example a first electrode comb) and the contacting of the front electrode to the remaining part (for example a second electrode comb) of the additional electrodes.
- one and the other part of the additional electrodes must be contacted alternately so as to ensure the generation of the horizontal electric field.
- electrons are also excited to emit light, which are not excited in a conventional structure. This results in the higher light intensity with the same operating parameters. If the operating parameters are changed to reduce the voltage, the lifetime is optimized while the light intensity is higher.
- the device according to the invention can again be operated with a single AC voltage source, which can be designed as an AC voltage generator.
- the return electrode is in the same channel, but at a different terminal point of an AC voltage generator with a portion of the additional electrodes and the contact of the front electrode is connected in the second channel, but at a different terminal point of the AC voltage generator with the remaining part of the additional electrodes.
- the alternating voltage generator can supply two amplitude and frequency-identical sine signals with a phase shift of 90 °, as a result of which the resulting alternating field in the light-emitting material is a rotating field.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through the layer structure of a luminous body from the prior art
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a luminous element according to the invention with connected
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through the layer structure of the exemplary embodiment of a luminous element according to the invention from FIG. 2 along the section 3-3;
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged excerpt from the schematic plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a luminous element according to the invention with two connected independent AC voltage sources;
- FIG. 6 is an illustration of the time course of the voltages V11 and V13 of the embodiment of FIG. 5; FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a luminous element according to the invention with a connected AC voltage generator with two outputs; a representation of the time course of the voltages V11 and V13 of the embodiment of Fig. 7; 9 shows an illustration of the time profile of the orientation of the resulting alternating field for the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 7 with the voltage profile from FIG. 8; 10 shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a luminous body according to the invention which is connected to a three-phase network.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through the layer structure of a luminous element 1 in the form of a conventional electroluminescent film from the prior art.
- the structure of such films comprises a carrier material 2, in particular in the form of a film, which is rendered electrically conductive by means of a vapor-deposited metallic front electrode 5 (eg indium tin oxide - ITO) and nevertheless remains translucent, and the actual layer structure for generating the light by means of an alternating electric field.
- This layer construction comprises the light-emitting (active) material 4, which essentially comprises zinc sulfide applied by means of a binder to the metallized foil, thereon a dielectric layer 12 and thereon an electrically conductive layer, the back electrode 9, e.g. made of silver or carbon. Between the two electrically conductive layers - the front electrode 5 and the rear electrode 9 - the alternating electric field 18 is constructed and thus generates the electroluminescent effect in the light-emitting material 4.
- active active
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a schematic top view and a schematic cross section along the section line 3 - 3 of an exemplary embodiment of a luminous body 1 according to the invention.
- a front electrode 5, which is provided with an electrical contact 6, is applied to a substrate 2.
- On the front electrode 5 is an insulating layer 3.
- the front electrode 5 and the insulating layer 3 can be made transparent.
- the electrodes 8 are alternating with the electrical Contact 6 of the front electrode 5 and connected to the electrical contact 10 of the return electrode 9.
- the comb structure formed in this way is covered over a large area with a dielectric layer 12 and the rear electrode 9.
- the electrical contact 6 of the front electrode 5 is configured at an angle in order to reach the electrodes 8.
- the entire structure is provided with a cover layer 7 (not shown in FIG. 1).
- An electrical bleachditionsquelie 11 is connected to the front electrode 5 and the rear electrode 9 and generates an alternating electrical field, on the one hand between the front electrode 5 and the back electrode 9 acts on the light-emitting material 4 (alternating field 18), and on the other hand on each strip or web of the light-emitting material 4 by the electrodes 8 acts (alternating field 19). It is thereby achieved that the light-emitting material 4 experiences a multi-dimensional alternating field in the form of the superimposition of the change fields 18 and 19.
- the electrodes 8 form a first electrode comb structure 20 and a second electrode comb structure 21 engaging therein. Between the fingers 23, 24 of the first and second electrode comb structures are the lands 22 of the light emitting material 4 separated from the front electrode by the insulating layer 3. As a result of the electrical alternating voltage between the two electrode comb structures 20, 21, the alternating electric fields 19 are generated.
- Fig. 5 shows a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the filament according to the invention.
- the electrodes 8 are provided with separate collecting contacts 14 and 15, which are connected to their own AC voltage source 13, which causes the AC voltage V1 1.
- the Kirwoodsquelie 11 is still connected between the front electrode 5 and back electrode 9 and causes the AC voltage V13.
- the alternating voltages V11 and V13 can be selected independently of each other.
- the luminous body again has an insulating layer 3 and webs of light-emitting material 4 applied thereto, followed by a dielectric layer 12.
- Fig. 6 shows an exemplary Wanzo the electrical pulse for V11 and V13, after which the two AC voltage sources have the same frequency and amplitude, but different phase position.
- one of the alternating fields 18 or 19 is activated alternately, and in the short term there is an overlay, in which both alternating fields act.
- the sudeiektrode 9 and the first collecting contact 14 are connected to the two outputs of an AC voltage generator 16, while both the front electrode 5 and the second Sammeicard 15 with the GND Terminal of the AC voltage generator 16 are connected.
- the other reference numerals have the same meaning as in Fig. 5.
- the AC voltage generator 16 is a commercial sine wave generator with outputs that can deliver any phase-shifted voltage pulses.
- Exemplary voltage waveforms for this embodiment are shown in FIG.
- the voltages V and V13 ie the voltages at the outputs OUT1 and OUT2 of the alternating voltage generator 16 shown by way of example, are two sine waves of equal frequency and amplitude, but the voltage at OUT2 is 90 ° out of phase with the voltage at OUT1. This is a notorious functionality of commercially available AC voltage generators or function generators.
- FIG. 9 shows the spatial orientation of the resulting effective alternating field, which is formed by superposition of the alternating fields 18 and 19 formed by the voltages V11 and V13, to the successive times t1, t2, t3 and t4 shown in FIG. Over time, the direction of the alternating field in space turns 360 °.
- a particularly efficient utilization of the light-emitting material 4 can be achieved and the service life at a given light intensity can be significantly increased.
- the functionality is not limited to this wiring, waveform or phase position, and there are also other embodiments in which a rotating field is generated in the iichtemittierenden layer, part of the invention.
- FIG. 1 Such an alternative circuit for generating a rotating field in the light-emitting layer is shown in FIG.
- the four contacts of the luminous element first collecting contact 14, second Sammeicard 15, front electrode 5, back electrode 9) to the three phases 25 and the neutral conductor 26 of a three-phase network 17 are connected, wherein the three-phase network is carried out by way of example in star connection and an outer conductor voltage of 1 10V at a frequency of 400 Hz.
- the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention is not limited to the cited circuit diagram and also includes other circuit diagrams in which the desired rotating field is formed in the light-emitting material.
- the size ratios are not to scale and the thickness of individual layers and un enlarged scaled to better explain the invention can.
- the substrate 2 should be made substantially thicker than the other layers in order to achieve the required mechanical stability.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and also includes other, in particular three-dimensional structures of a filament according to the invention. Furthermore, the invention also includes components, in particular parts of the body of a vehicle, which comprise a luminous body according to the invention. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
Landscapes
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA1502/2010A AT510383B1 (de) | 2010-09-09 | 2010-09-09 | Leuchtkörper mit zusatzelektroden |
PCT/EP2011/065290 WO2012032004A1 (de) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-05 | Leuchtkörper mit zusatzelektroden |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2614685A1 true EP2614685A1 (de) | 2013-07-17 |
EP2614685B1 EP2614685B1 (de) | 2014-11-19 |
Family
ID=44773044
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11767191.7A Not-in-force EP2614685B1 (de) | 2010-09-09 | 2011-09-05 | Leuchtkörper mit zusatzelektroden |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2614685B1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT510383B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012032004A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1208308A (en) * | 1966-10-27 | 1970-10-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electroluminescent display devices |
DE1934946A1 (de) * | 1968-07-25 | 1970-01-29 | Galileo Spa Off | Leuchtstofflampe |
JPH0268888A (ja) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-08 | Sharp Corp | El素子 |
JPH06104087A (ja) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-04-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | El装置 |
DE10121697A1 (de) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-11-14 | Cool Light Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schichtaufbaus und Verwendung des Schichtaufbaus als Leuchtfolie |
JP3730971B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2006-01-05 | 株式会社トミー | El発光ディスプレイシステム |
US20060132028A1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-06-22 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Electroluminescent display construction using printing technology |
GB0605369D0 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2006-04-26 | Univ Brunel | Powder phosphor electroluminescent devices with a novel architecture |
-
2010
- 2010-09-09 AT ATA1502/2010A patent/AT510383B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-09-05 EP EP11767191.7A patent/EP2614685B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-09-05 WO PCT/EP2011/065290 patent/WO2012032004A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012032004A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2614685B1 (de) | 2014-11-19 |
AT510383A1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
WO2012032004A1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
AT510383B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
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