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EP2313199B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la farine et/ou de la semoule - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la farine et/ou de la semoule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2313199B1
EP2313199B1 EP09772511.3A EP09772511A EP2313199B1 EP 2313199 B1 EP2313199 B1 EP 2313199B1 EP 09772511 A EP09772511 A EP 09772511A EP 2313199 B1 EP2313199 B1 EP 2313199B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grain
grinding
ground product
ground
roller mill
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP09772511.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2313199A2 (fr
Inventor
Arturo Bohm
Kurt Grauer
Urs DÜBENDORFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102008040100A external-priority patent/DE102008040100A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102008043140A external-priority patent/DE102008043140A1/de
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Publication of EP2313199A2 publication Critical patent/EP2313199A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2313199B1 publication Critical patent/EP2313199B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/06—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers specially adapted for milling grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B02C23/12—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone with return of oversize material to crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/32—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members
    • B02C4/38—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members in grain mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C9/00—Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain
    • B02C9/04—Systems or sequences of operations; Plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
    • B07B4/04—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall in cascades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of production of flour and / or semolina from cereals.
  • From the EP 0 335 925 B1 is a method and apparatus for the production of milled grain products such as flour, semolina or haze known on the principle of high milling.
  • the material to be ground is mill-rolled here many times, preferably twelve times to twenty times, and repeatedly sieved.
  • the material to be ground is thereby guided at least twice over double-roller grinding stages without screening between the individual stages of the double-grinding and then each sighted at the Doppelvermahlung.
  • the previously known method and the device have the disadvantage that they require a high energy requirement for the production of flour and / or semolina from cereals.
  • a high energy requirement for the production of flour and / or semolina from cereals For example, in the prior art, at least 25 to 27 kWh / t, or even more than 33 kWh / t, are needed to produce flour of common fineness, i. common particle size.
  • EP 0 433 498 A1 discloses a roll mill, wherein the ground product is characterized by means of sensors and the nip is varied on the basis of the sensor signal. Furthermore, a return of a part of the milled product is disclosed in the roll mill.
  • WO 01/32311 A1 discloses a roll mill for grinding cereals and recycling a portion of the meal to the roll mill.
  • US 1,497,108 discloses a roller mill for flour production, wherein the rollers each have different sections with different in the axial direction grinding properties.
  • US 6,550,700 B1 discloses a method for estimating the grindability of grain due to the study of a subset from that. Furthermore, the milling of grain in a mill with recycling of a partial amount of the ground product into the corresponding grinding stage is disclosed.
  • DE 44 14 367 A1 discloses a method for fresh material grinding by means of a good bed roller mill, wherein a Bunker glycollstand is regulated, from which the good bed roller mill fresh product is supplied. In addition, a return of regrind is disclosed.
  • DE 14 07 046 A1 discloses a riser internal sifter with a zigzag channel for use in the grain industry.
  • DE 43 20 362 A1 discloses a sifter for cereals or other granular or flowable products in the form of a climbing or oblique sifter, which is fed by known conveying or feeding devices.
  • DE 12 11 901 B discloses a method and apparatus for grinding cereals wherein the grains are passed between revolving pairs of rollers. The grinding should be done with a gap between the rolls of each pair, which is considerably smaller than the size of the grains to be ground.
  • GB 739 562 A discloses a roll mill for grinding cereals for flour production. A nip is adjusted due to the increase in temperature of the material to be ground by the grinding, with a certain grinding result is associated with a certain increase in temperature by the grinding.
  • DE 198 19 614 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for the milling of grain crops.
  • the temperature distribution of the grinding rolls is continuous during the grinding process supervised.
  • the product to be ground is conveyed as product veil in the nip. If different temperature values are detected across the width of the rollers, the rollers are adjusted to one another again by a control device, for example by regulating the contact pressure or by regulating the grinding gap.
  • a device disclosed here but not belonging to the invention relates to a grinding arrangement for producing flour from cereals, which in particular is bread wheat, durum wheat, corn or buckwheat.
  • the grinding arrangement is characterized by at least one grinder, which is designed in particular as a good bed roller mill.
  • the grinder has at least one supply opening and at least one discharge opening.
  • the grinding arrangement comprises at least one separation stage for separating ground products into finer ground product and coarser ground product and a return arrangement for returning at least a portion of the coarser ground product into the feed opening of the grinder.
  • Triticum durum wheat is also known as Triticum aevestivum and durum wheat as Triticum durum.
  • rice is also understood as cereals.
  • Roll mills usually have two rollers rotating at different speeds, between which a nip and thus a grinding force is adjustable, is transported through the example, grain and thus ground.
  • the freeness, i. the particle size of the milled product to be achieved is determined primarily by the size of the nip.
  • the nip remains constant.
  • a grain to be ground is fed into this roll mill.
  • the nip In order to grind grain with such a roll mill, the nip must be adjusted to the particle size of the grain. In such a milling, a lot of heat is introduced into the grain by the mechanical grinding process and the pressure in the nip, especially in small nip widths, so that the grain is strongly heated. Since the grain is fed to the roll mill, i. especially as individual particles, the throughput at a small nip, so in particular in the final, so-called Feinmahltren, very small.
  • a good-bed roller mill is understood to mean a force-controlled roller mill.
  • mechanically biased springs or hydraulically coupled gas pressure accumulators are used to generate power.
  • a pressure is applied to the rollers in the direction of the nip, so that a nip between these rollers, depending on the amount and the type of grain to be ground in the nip and the set pressure.
  • a gap of about 0.5% to 2% of a roll diameter may occur.
  • the resulting grinding gap thus results in the collection of the grain, which in particular depends on the friction is through the rollers.
  • a part of the particles may be larger than the gap.
  • the particles are smaller than the resulting gap.
  • a bed of material is formed when the bed of high-grade material can move in from an oversupply of grain, for example by means of a filled material shaft or funnel.
  • the comminution is based on a packed particle bed in the grinding gap.
  • the setting of the grinding force is used to control the energy input at the mill.
  • the energy input determines - depending on material and grain size - the production of finer ground product in the good bed and is set to an optimum range.
  • the throughput through a good bed roller mill depends on the speed of the rollers.
  • a higher speed leads to a higher throughput.
  • peripheral speeds of the rollers i. the speed on the surface which is in engagement with the grain during the grinding process is in the range of 1 m / s to 1.5 m / s, in particular less than 1 m / s and especially less than 0.1 m / s , In general, smaller peripheral speeds are set for finer mill products.
  • a compressor e.g. a so-called compressor screw, are used, which promotes the grain in the nip, supporting, for example, to gravity.
  • the good bed roller mill is thus characterized by a variable nip during grinding, an adjustment of the pressure in the grinding gap and in that an increase in the grain volume in the nip leads to an enlargement of the grinding gap.
  • the rolls of the good bed roller mill rotate at a different speed. This leads to an increased shear of the grain in the nip and thereby to an improved grinding in bran and semolina.
  • bran is meant in the sense of the application also a mixture of bran and shell parts of the grain.
  • a separation stage in the sense of the present invention is understood to mean an apparatus for separating cereals into various sizes, shapes or densities, wherein a separation can take place either on the basis of one of these parameters or due to any combination of these parameters.
  • a separation can only take place in different particle size of the ground grain.
  • a further separation into different densities of the particles of a size range is possible.
  • the ground grain in a first step, can be separated into particles with particle sizes of 280 ⁇ m to 560 ⁇ m and particles with particle sizes of 560 ⁇ m to 1120 ⁇ m.
  • the particles from the size range from 280 .mu.m to 560 .mu.m can then be sorted according to the density and / or the shape of the particles, while the particles from the size range from 560 .mu.m to 1120 .mu.m are ground a second time.
  • a separation of a ground product into a finer ground product and a coarser ground product means a relative separation according to particle sizes of the ground product. For example, at a separation of a Milled product in particles with particle sizes of 100 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m and from 200 .mu.m to 300 .mu.m, ie in two fractions, the ground product in the first size range, the finer ground product and in the second size range, the coarser ground product. A separation is also possible in two, three, four or more fractions.
  • the grinder arrangement disclosed herein but not belonging to the invention has the advantage that by returning at least a portion of the coarser meal into the feed opening of the grinder by means of the return arrangement, a reduction in the number of grinders required to achieve a defined degree of grinding, i. a particle size to be achieved after the grinding process, as the ground product is passed through the grinder again until the defined degree of grinding is reached.
  • bran is less ground than the endosperm, also called endosperm.
  • the bran retains a larger particle size than the ground meal body, which makes it easier to separate in a separation stage.
  • the recirculated ground product is mixed, for example, before re-grinding in the grinder with not yet ground grain, so that a throughput of the mixture of grain and recycled ground product is kept as constant as possible in the grinder. This can be achieved for example by a control mechanism for the not yet ground grain.
  • a specific grinding force of the grinder is adjustable so that grain is heated during the grinding process by less than 30 ° C compared to the temperature of the grain before the respective grinding.
  • the grain is heated to less than 15 ° C, more preferably less than 10 ° C, and most preferably less than 5 ° C.
  • the adjustability of the specific grinding force of the grinder so that the heating of the grain is limited by the grinding process has the advantage that the change or damage to the proteins, especially the gluten in the grain is reduced. This leads to better reproducible properties of the flour prepared according to the present invention. In special applications, for example, even a cooling of the rollers, the grain or the rollers and the grain provide.
  • the specific grinding power is thus advantageously adjusted so that the desired grinding result is achieved, ie a generation of a high proportion of finer milled product without overheating the grain during the grinding process too much. This also achieves a reduction in the energy consumption of the grinding plant over the prior art, since the grain is heated less.
  • a nip between two rollers of the grinder of the grinding arrangement is variable at a constant specific grinding force on the einbringbare in the nip grain.
  • the specific grinding power e.g. depending on the particle size, the number of resulting particles or the heating of the grain by hand or by means of control or regulating device adjustable or regulated to make.
  • the exercise of a constant specific grinding force on grain in the nip has the advantage that the grain is kept under constant conditions, i. essentially constant heat input into the grain is ground by the grinding process. This is achieved in that the nip between the two rolls of the grinder is variable, so that, for example, when increasing the amount of grain in the nip this is increased and thus the force exerted on the grain specific grinding force remains constant. In the case where the amount of grain in the nip is reduced, the nip also decreases and the specific grinding force applied to the grain remains constant.
  • the specific grinding force increases in a defined manner. This is achieved in that, for example, when using a mechanically biased spring for generating force an enlargement of the nip leads to a further elongation of the spring and thus an increased specific grinding force is adjusted due to the spring characteristic of the spring. Because the throughput of grain is increased by the enlarged nip at the same time increasing the specific grinding power remains an energy input per grain quantity is approximately constant, so that the grinding conditions also remain constant here. When the size of the grinding gap is reduced, the specific grinding force decreases accordingly so that an energy input per quantity of cereal remains approximately constant.
  • the separation stage of the grinding arrangement is designed such that cereal having a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 and in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 in finer ground product and coarser ground product is separable.
  • the milling products have a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 and in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • a specific grinding force in the grinding arrangement is set to less than 3 N / mm 2 .
  • This specific grinding force is preferably less than 2 N / mm 2 , more preferably between 1 N / mm 2 and 2 N / mm 2 and most preferably less than 1 N / mm 2 .
  • This limitation of the specific grinding power has the advantage that the heat introduced into the grain is further reduced by the grinding process, so that damage or changes in the proteins, in particular gluten, is further reduced.
  • the separation stage of the grinding arrangement at least one device from the list of the following devices: zigzag sifter, Griessputzmaschinen, Plansichter, turbo heaters, hopper separators, Querstromsichter.
  • the separation stage comprises two of these devices, and more preferably at least two of these devices.
  • Zigzag classifiers are known from the prior art, for example from the GB 468 212 and the DE 197 132 107 C2 or from the textbook " Principles and Newer Methods of Air Classification "by H. Rumpf and K. Leschonski (CIT 39 (1967) 21, 1261ff ).
  • Planifters which are designed as screening devices are also known from the prior art, for example from the textbook “ Maschinenisme für Müller “by AW Rohner (1986 ) and are produced, for example, by Buhler AG.
  • Turbosensors are also known from the prior art, for example from the textbook “ Handbook of Process Engineering” by H. Schubert (Wiley-Verlag ) and are offered for example by the company Hosokawa Alpine AG, Augsburg in the series Turboplex or Statoplex.
  • This construction of the separation stage comprising at least one of the devices described above has the advantage that for the respective separation according to particle size, particle shape or density, the respectively suitable device, i. Zig-zag sifter, grinder, plansifter or turbo-gasifier can be integrated into the separation stage.
  • the respectively suitable device i. Zig-zag sifter, grinder, plansifter or turbo-gasifier
  • a plansifter is used for the first separation step and, for example, a zigzag sifter or a moth cleaning machine for the second separation step.
  • the grain is first separated into finer and coarser ground product with the Plansichter and then, for example, the finer ground product separated by means of a zigzag sifter into components of different density, ie in particular in semolina and bran. It is also possible that the plan sifter separates the grain into several fractions and these fractions, including the coarser ground product, are then each conveyed to a separate zigzag sifter in which they are separated according to the shape and / or the density.
  • semolina ground wheat with a small amount of bran i. essentially clean semolina, understood.
  • one separation stage comprises one plan sifter and two or at least two successively arranged zigzag sifters.
  • the grinding arrangement on two grinders.
  • the grinding arrangement has three grinders, particularly preferably four grinders and very particularly preferably at least four grinders.
  • the grinding arrangement has two separation stages.
  • This milling arrangement preferably has three separation stages, particularly preferably four separation stages and very particularly preferably at least four separation stages.
  • each of these grinders can be followed by a separation stage.
  • two separation stages are arranged sequentially and each of these separation stages carries out a separation of the ground product according to different parameters.
  • a flow-based separation stage in particular with air flows, as Sectionumluft- or circulating air separation stage (5), in particular containing a zigzag sifter (13) formed.
  • separation for example Semolina and bran
  • the grinding arrangement comprises at least one separating step for the separate removal of bran from the finer ground product.
  • the grinder has at least one roller type according to the following list: smooth rollers, corrugated rollers, profile rollers.
  • smooth rollers corrugated rollers
  • profile rollers For example, profile rolls have a defined surface roughness.
  • the grinder can be adapted to the respective grain to be ground and the grinding result to be achieved. It is possible that the grinder has two smooth rolls, two corrugated rolls or even a combination of smooth, profile and corrugated rolls.
  • a conditioning device is vorschaltbar and / or nachschaltbar.
  • At least one of the following cereal parameters can be set with this conditioning device: temperature, moisture, particle size, percentage of bran.
  • the conditioning device may be formed as a shot peeper, in which the grain is ground with a roller mill with a constant nip. In this case, a ground product of bran and endosperm is produced.
  • the conditioning stage for example, in a first step, a part of the bran can be separated and thus the proportion of bran in the grain can be adjusted.
  • the grinder in the shot stage the particle size of the grain can also be adjusted, which is then fed into the subsequent grinder.
  • the conditioning device may, for example, also contain a planifilter for separating different particle sizes or also a part of the bran.
  • the conditioning device may also include a tempering for heating or cooling of the grain before the grinding process and a device for adjusting the moisture of the grain.
  • the grinding plant preferably has at least one sensor for measuring the ash content, the moisture, the temperature and / or the particle size of the ground grain, in particular the finer ground product and / or the coarser ground product.
  • this sensor is also possible to measure the temperature and / or the humidity of the air flowing out of the separation stage, for example from the zigzag classifier, with this sensor.
  • This at least one sensor is preferably contained in the separation stage.
  • the ground product may be in a conditioning device, for example are conditioned to an optimum moisture content for grinding.
  • Another advantage is the measurement of the temperature and / or the humidity of the effluent from the separation stage air. As a result of this measurement, it is now possible, for example, to regulate the separation stage, in particular the zigzag sifter, to optimum conditions, i. optimal flow conditions for optimal separation, in the separation stage.
  • this is a near-infrared spectrometer, i. NIR spectrometer, and / or a color sensor.
  • the color sensor is particularly suitable for measuring the ash content of the meal product.
  • the NIR spectrometer is particularly suitable for measuring the moisture content of the ground product and / or the air.
  • a first aspect of the invention is directed to a process for producing flour from cereals, preferably bread wheat, durum wheat, corn or buckwheat.
  • This process is carried out in particular with a grinding arrangement as described above.
  • a comminution of the grain is carried out in a grinder, which is a good bed roller mill.
  • This good bed roller mill has at least one feed opening, rollers, a catchment area, a grinding gap between the rollers and at least one discharge opening.
  • the grain is drawn from a filled material shaft or funnel through the rollers, so that in the catchment area, a good bed is formed, and the grinding gap is greater than a typical grain particles.
  • the milling of the cereals is carried out in particular with such a specific grinding force that during the grinding process, the cereals are less than 30 ° C higher than the temperature of the cereals before each grinding is heated.
  • the cereal is ground with such a specific grinding force so that the grain during the milling process by less than 15 ° C, more preferably by less than 10 ° C and most preferably by less than 5 ° C compared to the temperature of the cereal before heated the respective grinding.
  • the cereal is in particular preferably ground with a specific grinding force of less than 3 N / mm 2 , preferably less than 2 N / mm 2 , more preferably between 1 N / mm 2 and 2 N / mm 2 and very particularly preferably less than 1 N / mm 2 ,
  • the ground grain is conveyed by means of a conveyor arrangement in a separation stage.
  • the separation of the ground grain in the separation stage into finer ground product and coarser ground product.
  • cereals having a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 , in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 are separated into finer ground product and coarser ground product, wherein the ground products have a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 , in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • at least a part of the coarser meal product is returned to the feed opening of the good bed roller mill by means of the return arrangement. Furthermore, finer ground product is removed from the separation stage.
  • This method is preferably carried out with the device described above and thus has all the advantages of the device described above.
  • This adjustability of starch damage to the grain by selecting the specific grinding power has the advantage that the starch damage of the grain is adaptable to the respective market needs.
  • a strong starch damage is needed in breadmaking in England because high water absorption of the flour is required in breadmaking in England.
  • a small starch damage is required, so that the flour absorbs little water, since many products are sold in Asia in a dried state and thus after the manufacturing process of the product by starch damage increasingly absorbed water must be removed, which is energetically complex and thus is expensive.
  • the grain is ground by means of two passes through the grinder at least 90% in finer ground product.
  • the grain is ground by means of three passes, particularly preferably by means of four passes and very particularly preferably by means of at least four passes through the grinder at least 90% in finer ground product.
  • the separation stage is followed by a further grinder for further grinding of the finer meal product.
  • first separation stage downstream of a further separation stage for further separation of the finer meal product.
  • each separation stage can be adjusted to the specific separation result.
  • the separation stages may have different separating powers with regard to the density of the particles to be separated.
  • At least one grinder downstream of a dissolver for the dissolution of the grain after grinding in the grinder has the advantage that with a possible compression of the grain in the grinder, the ground product is dissolved by the resolver into individual particles and thus a separation into finer and coarser ground product in the separation stage is made possible.
  • At least one of the following parameters of the grain is adjusted in a conditioning device before and / or after grinding: temperature, moisture, particle size, proportion of bran.
  • the conditioning device is designed as a scraping stage.
  • An additional aspect disclosed herein, but not part of the invention, is directed to a zigzag classifier which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method as described above.
  • the zigzag sifter is designed in such a way that cereal having a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 and in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 can be separated into finer ground product and coarser ground product.
  • the milling products have a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 and in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • This zigzag sifter is preferably used in the grinding arrangement described above and thus has all the advantages of the zigzag sifter described above.
  • An additional alternative aspect of the invention disclosed herein, but not part of the invention, is directed to a machine bed roll mill which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method as described above.
  • This good bed roller mill is preferably used in the grinding arrangement described above and thus has all the advantages of this grinding arrangement described above.
  • grain in the high-bed roller mill is grindable into finer ground product and coarser ground product.
  • a specific grinding force is less than 3 N / mm 2 , preferably less than 2 N / mm 2 , more preferably between 1 N / mm 2 and 2 N / mm 2 and most preferably less than 1 N / mm 2 .
  • Another aspect of the present invention is directed to the use of a good bed roller mill for the production of flours and / or semolina from grain by comminution, in particular bread wheat, durum wheat, corn or buckwheat.
  • the good bed roller mill includes at least one supply port, rollers, a collection zone, a refining gap between the rollers and at least one delivery port.
  • the grain is drawn from a filled shaft or funnel through the rollers, so that in the catchment area, a good bed is formed.
  • the grinding gap is larger than a typical grain particle.
  • the good bed roller mill is characterized by a variable nip during grinding, an adjustment of the pressure in the grinding gap and in that an increase in the grain volume in the nip leads to an increase in the grinding gap.
  • Another alternative aspect of the invention disclosed herein, but not part of the invention, is directed to the use of a zigzag sifter for separating cereals, preferably bread wheat, durum wheat, corn or buckwheat.
  • the separation of grain takes place after a grinding process in a grinder into finer ground product and coarser ground product.
  • cereals having a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 , in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 are separated into finer ground product and coarser ground product.
  • the milling products have a density of less than 2 g / cm 3 , in particular less than 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • the zigzag sifter is particularly preferably used for separating bran from a finer ground product and / or coarser ground product.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a grinding arrangement.
  • the grinding arrangement has as a grinder on a good bed roller mill 16, as for example in FIG. 9 is shown.
  • the good bed roller mill 16 has a feed opening 3 and a discharge opening 4 for the cereal 20.
  • the grinding arrangement 1 a separation device 5, the zigzag separator 13, for example according to FIG. 10 and a plansifter 15, for example according to FIG. 12 having.
  • Ground cereal 20, which contains coarser ground product 21, finer ground product 22 and bran 23 is transported by means of a conveyor arrangement 9 from the high-grade bed mill 16 into the separation stage 5.
  • the rolls of the good bed roller mill 16, not shown here, here have a diameter of 250 mm.
  • the conveyor assembly 9 is included formed as a downpipe, so that the ground grain 20 is conveyed by gravity into the separation stage 5.
  • the separation stage 5 has an inlet opening 6 for receiving the coarser meal product 21, the finer meal product 22 and the bran 23. Furthermore, the separation stage 5 has three outlet openings 7, through which in each case the coarser ground product 21, the finer ground product 22 and the bran 23 are separately dischargeable.
  • the coarser ground product 21 is returned to the grinder 2 by means of the return arrangement 8.
  • a return arrangement a chain conveyor is used here. Alternatively, however, the use of a bucket elevator as a return arrangement is possible.
  • Cereal 20 is transported through the feed opening 3 into the good bed roller mill 16, the cereal 20 being ground in the good bed roller mill 16 into coarser ground product 21, finer ground product 22 and bran 23.
  • a maximum specific grinding force of 1 N / mm 2 is set in the good bed roller mill 16, which typically forms a nip of between 1.25 mm and 5 mm, depending on the amount of grain 20 fed.
  • the ground product is transported via the discharge opening 4 and the conveyor assembly 9 and through the inlet opening 6 in the separation stage 5.
  • the ground product is sorted by size into coarser ground product 21 and a mixture of finer ground product 22 and bran 23 in a first step.
  • the plansifter 15 is used.
  • the coarser ground product 21 is transported through one of the outlet openings 7 in the return assembly 8 and returned to the grinder 2 for re-grinding.
  • the mixture of finer ground product 22 and bran 23 located in the separation stage 5 is separated into bran 23 and finer ground product 22 by means of a zigzag sifter.
  • the finer ground product 22 is discharged via the lateral outlet opening 7 and the bran 23 via the upper outlet opening. 7
  • the good bed roller mills here have rolls with a roll diameter of 250 mm with a length of 44 mm. On the rollers, a force of 22 kN is exercised. The grinding is carried out with a specific grinding force of 2 N / mm 2 with a nip of a gap thickness of 2 mm.
  • a flour yield in ground product here is 12.5%, with about 5.3% bran being separated with a zigzag sifter.
  • the specific energy consumption at the mill is only 1.6 kWh / t, corresponding to approximately 12.8 kWh / t are needed for the production of finished flour.
  • the grain fed to the circuit here has an ash content of 0.52%, the ash content of the flour produced being 0.47%.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative schematic representation of a grinding arrangement 1.
  • the same reference characters in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same components here.
  • the grinding arrangement 1 has, in contrast to the grinding arrangement on a grinder 2 with two rollers 10, which are spaced at a fixed distance s.
  • the fixed distance s is adjustable and is adapted to the grain size and can be, for example, 1 mm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further alternative schematic representation of a grinding plant 1.
  • the same reference characters in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 denote like components.
  • a separating device 5 which comprises a zigzag separator 13 and a grime cleaning machine 14.
  • the separation stage 5 the mixture of coarser ground product 21, finer ground product 22 and bran 23 by means of the zigzag sifter 13 into coarser ground product 21 and a mixture of finer ground product 22 and bran 23 is separated.
  • the finer ground product 22 is separated from the bran 23 in the grime cleaning machine 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a method according to the invention.
  • Cereal 20 is transported to a conditioning device 11 which contains a shot stage and there pre-ground into a mixture of bran 23 and semolina (21; 22).
  • the grain is tempered in the conditioning device 11 to a temperature of 20 ° C.
  • the conditioned cereal 20 is fed to a high bed mill 16 and further ground, where it is mixed prior to grinding with coarser mill product 21 which is recycled. The temperature during grinding increases by less than 5 ° C.
  • the temperature of the conditioned cereal 20, which has a temperature of about 20 ° C before the grinding, even after mixing with the recirculated coarser grind product 21, does not exceed 25 ° C during the grinding process heated in the high-bed roller mill 16.
  • the ground product is conveyed to a separating device 5 which comprises a planifter 15 and a zigzag classifier 13. In this separation stage 5, therefore, the ground product is separated into coarser ground product 21, finer ground product 22 and bran 23 and discharged separately from the separator 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows an additional alternative schematic representation of a grinding arrangement 1.
  • grain 20 is conveyed in a bed of good-rolling machine 16 and ground in this.
  • the grinding process compacts the meal so that it is conveyed into a dissolver 12 before separation into planifier 15 into individual particle sizes.
  • the dissolver 12 is here as impact dissolver as in FIG. 11 shown formed.
  • the compacted ground product is substantially dissolved in the individual particles and then in a Plansichter 15 according to FIG. 12 promoted.
  • This plansifter 15 separates the ground product into coarser ground product 21 and finer ground product 22.
  • the coarser ground product 21 is conveyed by means of the return arrangement 8 to the high-pressure bed mill.
  • Finer ground product 22 is removed from the grinding arrangement 1.
  • a return arrangement here a bucket elevator is used.
  • the use of a chain conveyor as a return arrangement is possible.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of an alternative method according to the invention for the production of flour in a Gutbettwalzenmühle 16 according to FIG. 9 promoted and ground there.
  • the ground grain 20 is in a Plansichter 15 according to FIG. 12 promoted and separated there into coarser ground product 21 and a mixture of finer ground product 22 and bran 23.
  • the coarser ground product 21 is returned to the high pressure bed mill 16 for re-grinding.
  • the mixture of finer ground product 22 and bran 23 is ground again in a further bed of fine-bed rollers 16.
  • the ground product is then conveyed to a grinder 14 from Bsseler AG (article number: MQRF-30/200) and there separated into coarser ground product 21, bran 23 and flour 24.
  • the coarser ground product 21, which was separated as a finer ground product 22 after the first grinding stage is thereby conveyed back to the good bed roller mill 16 for re-grinding.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of an inventive mill diagram.
  • Cereal 20 is in a Gutbettwalzemühle 16 according to FIG. 9 conveyed to the grinding and after grinding into a dissolver 12, which is designed here as impact dissolver according to Figure 11, promoted.
  • the ground product is conveyed to another bed of fine-bed rollers 16 and ground there again.
  • the ground product in a Plansichter 15 according to FIG. 12 promoted, which separates the ground product into four fractions, each having particles in a defined size range.
  • Each of these four fractions is placed in a separate zigzag sifter 13 FIG. 10 transported, in which the bran is removed from the ground product.
  • the remainder of the ground product is then ground in a further good bed roller mill 16, fed to a further dissolver 12 and then separated into a further plan sifter 15 in at least two, three, four or even five fractions. These can be ground again in high-bed roller mills 16 or else be conveyed in a zigzag classifier 13 for separation of Bran.
  • the mill diagram includes cyclone separator 18 for further separating bran from an air stream of a zigzag sifter 18.
  • FIG. 8 shows an additional schematic representation of a grinding plant 1.
  • the same reference characters in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8 denote the same components here.
  • This grinding plant essentially corresponds to the grinding plant according to FIG. 1 and additionally has a sensor 31 for measuring the force exerted by the grain 20 in the nip W with the gap thickness s on the rollers 10 and a compressor 19.
  • the sensor 31 is connected to a control device 30 for transmitting the measured forces to this control device 30.
  • the control device 30 is further connected to the drive of the rollers 10 for adjusting the rotational speed of the rollers. In order to avoid overheating of the grain 20 by the grinding process, the force exerted on the rolls 10 by the amount of grain 20 in the nip W is measured.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of a good bed roller mill 16 with two rollers 10.
  • grain 20 is retracted by the opposite rotation r of the two rollers 10, so that a Gutbetttsituation in the nip W is formed.
  • a force F of 300 kN is exerted, so that a specific grinding force of 1.2 N / mm 2 is achieved.
  • the ground grain 20 contains coarser ground product 21, finer ground product 22 and bran 23 ground. This milled product is compacted by grinding in the high-bed roller mill 16, so that this before separation in a separation stage, not shown here in a resolver such as FIG. 11 to dissolve into individual particles.
  • FIG. 10 shows a zigzag sifter 13 having an inlet 41 for a mixture of finer milled product 22 and bran 23 to be separated.
  • An air stream 40 is directed along the axis of the zigzag sifter and adjusted so that the bran 23 has a lower density than the finer milled product 22 is blown through the bran outlet 42.
  • the heavier ground product 22 falls in the zigzag classifier 13 so that it is conveyed through the semen outlet from the zigzag classifier 13.
  • the so-called upward flow rate of the air flow 40 is here in the range of 0.7 m / s to 2.5 m / s depending on the material to be separated.
  • FIG. 11 Figure 3 shows an impingement dissolver 15 having an impingement dissipator inlet 51, rotors 51, and an impingement dissipator outlet 52.
  • Compacted crop 53 is conveyed into the impingement dissolver 15 where it meets the rotors 51 containing the compacted crop by dissolving, inter alia, by the impact so that cereal 54 substantially dissolved into individual particles is formed.
  • This resolution can take place in several stages by successively connected rotors 51, for example two to six, wherein here two rotors 51 are shown, which are mounted on a shaft 55.
  • the rotors 51 have a shape such that the grain is conveyed to the impact dissolver outlet 52.
  • FIG. 12 shows a plan sifter 15 with a coarse sieve 61, a middle sieve 62 and a fine sieve 63.
  • Ground cereal 20 containing coarser ground product, finer ground product 22 and bran 23 is conveyed into the Plansichter 15, so that the ground grain in several Fractions of different sizes can be separated.
  • the coarse screen 61 has a mesh size of the screen of 1120 ⁇ m
  • the middle screen 62 has a mesh size of the screen of 560 ⁇ m
  • the fine screen 63 has a mesh size of the screen of 280 ⁇ m.
  • the ground grain 20 is thus separated into three fractions, the first fraction having a size range of 1160 microns to 560 microns, the second fraction has a size range of less than 560 microns to 280 microns and the third fraction a size range of less than 280 microns.
  • the first fraction and the second fraction are classified here as a coarser ground product 21 and contain bran 23. These two fractions are then according to FIG. 1 promoted, for example, in a good bed roller mill.
  • the third fraction containing finer milled product 22 and bran 23 is determined according to FIG. 1 For example, in a zigzag sifter according FIG. 10 encouraged to separate the bran.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
  • Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé pour produire de la farine à partir de céréales (20), caractérisé par les étapes suivantes:
    - broyage à lit des céréales (20) dans un broyeur constitué par un broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16), avec
    - au moins une ouverture de chargement (3);
    - des rouleaux (10);
    - une zone d'attraction;
    - une fente de broyage (W) entre les rouleaux (10); et
    - au moins une ouverture de déchargement (4);
    dans lequel les céréales (20) sont attirées à partir d'un puits ou d'un silo de matière rempli par les rouleaux (10), de telle manière qu'il se forme un lit de matières dans la zone d'attraction, et dans lequel la fente de broyage (W) est plus grande qu'une particule de céréales typique;
    - transport des céréales broyées (20) au moyen d'un dispositif de transport (9) à un étage de séparation (5);
    - séparation des céréales broyées (20) dans l'étage de séparation (5) en un produit broyé plus fin (22) et un produit broyé plus grossier (21);
    - renvoi d'au moins une partie du produit broyé plus grossier (21) au moyen d'un dispositif de retour (8) dans l'ouverture de chargement (3) du broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16);
    - évacuation du produit broyé plus fin (22) hors de l'étage de séparation (5).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle une dégradation de l'amidon dans les céréales (20) par le choix de la force de broyage spécifique lors du broyage dans le broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on broie les céréales (20) à au moins 90 % en produit broyé plus fin (22) au moyen d'au moins quatre passages à travers le broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) .
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on sépare essentiellement le son (23) des céréales (20) dans l'étage de séparation (5).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre broyeur (2) est installé après l'étage de séparation (5) pour broyer encore le produit broyé plus fin (22).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un autre étage de séparation (5) est installé après l'étage de séparation (5) pour séparer encore le produit broyé plus fin (22).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de désagrégation (12) est installé après au moins un broyeur (2; 16) pour désagréger les céréales (20) après le broyage dans le broyeur (2; 16).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle au moins un des paramètres suivants des céréales (20) dans un conditionneur (11) avant et/ou après le broyage: température, humidité, taille des particules, proportion de son (23).
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le broyage dans le broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) avec une force de broyage spécifique telle que les céréales (20) s'échauffent pendant l'opération de broyage de moins de 30 °C par rapport à la température des céréales (20) avant le broyage respectif.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le broyage dans le broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) avec une force de broyage spécifique inférieure à 3 N/mm2.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on sépare dans l'étage de séparation (5) les céréales (20) d'une densité inférieure à 2 g/cm3 en produit broyé plus fin (22) ainsi qu'en produit broyé plus grossier (21) et les produits broyés (21; 22) présentent une densité inférieure à 2 g/cm3.
  12. Utilisation d'un broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) pour la production de farine et/ou de semoule à partir de céréales (20) par broyage à lit, dans laquelle le broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) contient:
    - au moins une ouverture de chargement (3);
    - des rouleaux (10);
    - une zone d'attraction;
    - une fente de broyage (W) entre les rouleaux (10); et
    - au moins une ouverture de déchargement (4);
    dans lequel les céréales (20) sont attirées à partir d'un puits ou d'un silo de matière rempli par les rouleaux (10), de telle manière qu'il se forme un lit de matières dans la zone d'attraction, et dans lequel la fente de broyage (W) est plus grande qu'une particule de céréales typique.
  13. Utilisation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les céréales se composent de blé tendre, de blé dur, de maïs et/ou de sarrasin.
  14. Utilisation selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisée en ce que l'on règle une force de broyage spécifique du broyeur à rouleaux à lit (16) de telle manière que les céréales s'échauffent pendant l'opération de broyage de moins de 30 °C par rapport à la température des céréales (20) avant le broyage respectif.
EP09772511.3A 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la farine et/ou de la semoule Active EP2313199B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008040100A DE102008040100A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2008-07-02 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Fraktionierung von Mahlprodukten
DE102008040091 2008-07-02
DE102008043140A DE102008043140A1 (de) 2008-07-02 2008-10-23 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Herstellung von pflanzlichen Mahlprodukten
PCT/EP2009/058345 WO2010000811A2 (fr) 2008-07-02 2009-07-02 Dispositif et procédé pour produire de la farine et/ou de la semoule

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EP2313199A2 EP2313199A2 (fr) 2011-04-27
EP2313199B1 true EP2313199B1 (fr) 2017-09-06

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US (2) US9067213B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2313199B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5854835B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR101821088B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102076418B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0915366B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2498854C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010000811A2 (fr)

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CN102076418B (zh) 2014-04-09
KR20110038651A (ko) 2011-04-14
WO2010000811A3 (fr) 2010-02-25
JP5854835B2 (ja) 2016-02-09
US20150321196A1 (en) 2015-11-12
BRPI0915366B1 (pt) 2020-10-06
EP2313199A2 (fr) 2011-04-27
KR101678625B1 (ko) 2016-11-23
RU2011103519A (ru) 2012-08-10
WO2010000811A2 (fr) 2010-01-07
KR101821088B1 (ko) 2018-01-22
US10981177B2 (en) 2021-04-20
CN102076418A (zh) 2011-05-25
RU2498854C2 (ru) 2013-11-20
BRPI0915366A2 (pt) 2015-11-03
US20110186661A1 (en) 2011-08-04
KR20160134878A (ko) 2016-11-23
JP2011526538A (ja) 2011-10-13
US9067213B2 (en) 2015-06-30

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