EP2199729B1 - Pivoting hatch, particularly for military vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pivot hatch according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Schwenkluken this type are used on military vehicles in particular as entry / exit hatches, through which a crew member of the vehicle in the vehicle can get on and off. In certain driving situations, such as slow cruising in secured terrain, the hatch cover is opened and locked in the open position via a locking element, so that a member of the vehicle crew can stick his head through the vehicle hatch to the vehicle's exterior, resulting in better visibility for this crew member, One speaks of the so-called Überlukefahren.

Due to the often considerable weight of the ballistically protected hatch cover, comparatively large forces act on the pivoting mobility between the hatch cover and the pivot bearing blocking locking element, especially when driving in rough terrain, especially when crossing the hatch.

Locking elements for locking the hatch cover are known from the prior art, which can be moved back and forth in the direction of a locking axis in order to form a lock with a locking structure of the vehicle-fixed pivot bearing (see, eg EP 0 863 378 A2 ). Known locking elements extend in the direction of the locking axis and engage laterally in the locking structure, resulting in a positive locking of the hatch cover on the pivot bearing.

In this type of Schwenkluken has proven to be disadvantageous that the locking element substantially along the Locking axis extends to the pivot bearing. In particular, in heavy hatch covers whose opening movement is supported by a biased in the direction of the open position spring element, it is necessary for design reasons that the locking axis has a certain distance from the pivot axis, since the resilient support means is usually designed as a surrounding the pivot axis coil spring. In such Schwenkluken it is not readily possible to achieve the locking over a along the comparatively widely spaced locking axis extending locking element. A further disadvantage is that the locking element extending in the direction of the locking axis is often only subjected to shear forces. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a pivot hatch in which a lock between the pivoting hatch cover and the pivot bearing is possible even at a more distant from the pivot axis of the pivot bearing locking axis. This object is achieved by a pivot hatch according to claim 1. Over the length of the locking element, a reliable locking of the hatch cover can be realized even with larger distances between the locking axis and the pivot axis. In addition, such, extending transversely to the locking axis locking elements in contrast to purely axially extending locking elements not only on shear, but also on Bending are claimed, resulting in a favorable transfer of the particular in Überlukefahren in rough terrain large forces.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the hatch cover can be locked in two pivot positions via the locking element, wherein a first locking structure is provided for locking in the first pivot position and a second locking structure is provided for locking in the second pivot position. In this way, two different open positions of the hatch, wherein the hatch cover is pivoted in these pivot positions preferably by 90 ° or 170 °. In the closed position, a lock on the locking element is not required.

It is also proposed that the locking element can be moved back and forth in the direction of the locking axis by actuating an actuating element provided on the inside of the hatch cover. By arranged on the inside of the hatch cover actuator, such as a swivel handle, it is possible to release the lock with swiveled up hatch without the crew member from the vehicle inside out around the hatch cover around and solve the lock in the pivot bearing got to.

It is further provided that the actuating element is coupled in such a way with an actuating bolt extending along the locking axis, that a rotational movement of the actuating element is converted into a translational movement of the actuating bolt.

The actuating bolt may carry at one end of the locking element, which is entrained by the movement of the actuating bolt and in this way in the axial direction of the locking axis with the locking structures is engageable.

An advantage for a reliable power transmission between the actuating element and the actuating bolt or the locking element is an embodiment, according to which the actuating element is coupled via a meshing with a toothed segment of the actuating bolt gear segment.

For a smooth operation of the locking element is further provided that the movement of the locking bolt is guided in a guide.

It is further proposed that the locking element has a guide portion and an engagement portion.

In this context, it is further provided that the guide portion is guided over guide surfaces in the guide and that engages the engagement portion for locking the hatch cover via engagement surfaces in a pivotal position in a locking structure. The locking element has in this way a double function. On the one hand, the locking between the hatch cover and the pivot bearing is provided via the locking portion. On the other hand, the guide portion of the locking element is guided within the guide, so that there is a play-free transmission of forces over the guide portion.

It is further proposed that the guide surfaces are parallel to each other.

In addition, it is proposed that the engagement surfaces are inclined relative to each other, wherein in particular one of the two engagement surfaces is inclined relative to one of the guide surfaces and the second engagement surface is aligned parallel to the guide surfaces.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the locking element is guided over the guide portion in the guide so that a torque support of the actuating bolt results, resulting in a reliable introduction of the forces and in particular the locking bolt is outside the power flow. This allows a smooth operation of the locking element.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the locking structure is arranged on a bearing element for a Schwenkachskörper extending along the pivot axis.

A further embodiment provides that the locking structure is a recess which is continuous parallel to the direction of the locking axis. The configuration of the locking structure as a recess passing through in the locking direction has the advantage that impurities accumulating within the locking structure are pushed out in the direction of entry when the locking element enters.

According to the invention, the locking structure is a recess which opens in a direction radial to the pivot axis.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the locking element engages from outside the pivot bearing in the locking structure and forms the lock.

It is further provided that the locking element is loaded in the direction of the locking position via a spring, so that the lock is effected automatically by inserting the locking element into the locking structure as a result of the spring force, without requiring an actuation here.

Figur 1:

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Schwenkluke in deren Schließstellung,

Figur 2:

eine weitere perspektivische Darstellung der Schwenkluke in deren Schließstellung von unten her betrachtet,

Figur 3:

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Schwenkluke unter Weglassung einiger Bauteile,

Figur 4:

eine weitere perspektivische Darstellung der Schwenkluke unter Weglassung weiterer Bauteile,

Figur 5:

eine horizontale Schnittansicht durch den Bereich des Schwenklagers,

Figur 6:

eine vertikale Schnittansicht durch den Bereich des Schwenklagers,

Figur 7:

eine weitere vertikale Schnittansicht durch den Bereich des Schwenklagers,

Figur 8:

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Schwenkluke in einer ersten Offenstellung,

Figur 9:

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Verriegelungselements und

Figur 10:

eine stirnseitige Ansicht auf das Verriegelungselement aus der in Figur 9 mit X bezeichneten Richtung.

Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained below with the aid of the attached drawings of an embodiment. Show:

FIG. 1:

a perspective view of a pivot hatch in its closed position,

FIG. 2:

another perspective view of the pivot hatch viewed in the closed position from below,

FIG. 3:

a perspective view of the Schwenkluke omitting some components,

FIG. 4:

Another perspective view of the Schwenkluke omitting further components,

FIG. 5:

a horizontal sectional view through the region of the pivot bearing,

FIG. 6:

a vertical sectional view through the region of the pivot bearing,

FIG. 7:

a further vertical sectional view through the region of the pivot bearing,

FIG. 8:

a perspective view of the pivot hatch in a first open position,

FIG. 9:

a perspective view of the locking element and

FIG. 10:

an end view of the locking element of the in FIG. 9 X direction.

FIG. 1 shows a Schwenkluke 1, as this particular as entry / exit hatch on military vehicles, in particular armored vehicles is used. The pivot hatch 1 has a solid hatch cover 3, which is arranged pivotably about a pivot axis S on a pivot bearing 2. The pivot bearing 2 is fixed to the vehicle on the outer contour of the vehicle.

In order to lock the hatch cover 3 having a considerable weight in the open position, the hatch cover 3 is provided with a locking element 4, which in locking structures 5.1, 5.2 of the pivot bearing 2 is locked or latched, so that after locking further pivotal movements of the hatch cover 3 are blocked relative to the pivot bearing 2.

The pivot bearing 2 is formed by two bearing elements 15 which are fixed to the vehicle outer contour and form a bearing for a Schwenkachskörper 11. One of the two bearing elements 15 is provided with the two locking structures 5.1, 5.2, at an angle of 90 ° or 170 ° relative to the in FIG. 1 illustrated closed position of the hatch cover 3 are arranged.

At the in FIG. 1 shown pivot hatch 1, the opening movement is supported due to the considerable weight of the hatch cover 3 via two biased in the direction of the open position coil springs 16 which extend around the Schwenkachskörper 11 around. Therefore, the locking axis V of the locking element 4 has a comparatively large distance A relative to the pivot axis S of the hatch cover 3.

The locking element 4 is of elongated geometry and is arranged to be movable in the axial direction of the locking axis V back and forth. In the closed position according to FIG. 1 is the locking element 4 is not locked, but lies loosely against the side surface 26 of the bearing element 15 from the outside.

In the closed position, the hatch cover 3 is secured against opening by means of two closing elements 30 designed in the manner of a rotatable hand latch. The closing elements 30 are located on the inside 6 of the hatch cover 3 in the region of the hatch cover 3 facing away from the pivot bearing 2, cf. also Fig. 2 ,

In FIG. 1 It can also be seen that on the outside 7 of the hatch cover 3, a housing 17 is provided, in which the components required for locking the locking element 4 are housed.

As FIG. 2 can be seen, on the inside 6 of the hatch cover 3 on the pivot bearing 2 side facing the hatch cover 3, an actuating element 8 is provided, which is provided for actuating the locking element 4 and for releasing the lock.

As FIG. 3 can be seen, in which a cover plate 18 of the housing 17 is not located, is located in the interior of the housing 17 is a locking bolt 9 which is axially movable along the locking axis V back and forth and carries at its free end the locking element 4. The locking element 4 extends from the locking axis V in the direction of the pivot axis S. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the locking element 4 extends radially both to the locking axis V as well as to the pivot axis S.

The locking element 4 extends transversely to the axis of the locking bolt 9 and is in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 releasably connected to the free end of the locking bolt 9. The locking element 4 has three sections. The section 4.2 forms the actual locking portion, which engages or snaps into the designed according to the type of recesses locking structures 5.1, 5.2 from the outside. To the engaging section 4.2 joins a guide section 4.1 of the locking element 4, which is guided within a bearing element 10, which is arranged in a side wall of the housing 17. At the guide section 4.1 is followed by a mounting portion 4.3, in which the locking element 4 is screwed by a bolt 19 with the locking pin 9.

The guide section 4.1 of the locking element 4 slides within the locking element 10 via two mutually parallel guide surfaces 20.1, 20.2, so that a virtually backlash-free arrangement results, cf. also the representation in FIG. 9 , The bearing element 10 is of overall horseshoe-shaped geometry and has a section corresponding to the geometry of the section 4.3, approximately hollow cylindrical section, and a two parallel surfaces having portion corresponding to the parallel guide surfaces 20.1, 20.2 of the locking element 4. The bearing element 10 is made of a suitable sliding bearing material.

To actuate the locking element 4 is already based on the FIG. 2 described actuator 8 is provided on the inside 6 of the hatch cover 3. This is connected via a square 22 with a shaft 23 which extends in a direction transverse to the hatch cover 3, see. Fig. 4 , The shaft 23 penetrates the hatch cover 3 and projects into the housing 17 provided on its outer side 7. At its free end, the shaft 23 is provided with a gear segment 14, which engages in a rack portion 13 of the locking bolt 9. About the meshing with the rack portion 13 gear segment 14 is a rotational movement of the operating handle 8 in a translational movement of the actuating bolt 9 and thus the locking element 4 along the locking axis V transferred, see. also FIGS. 6 and 7 ,

The one end of a kind of actuating rod performing locking bolt 9 is guided in the locking direction in a bearing member 24 movable back and forth and force loaded by a spring 12 in the direction of the locking position. The other end of the locking bolt 9 is guided over the locking element 4 in the guide 10, so that the load of the hatch cover is not transmitted to the locking pin 9 and this is easy to move back and forth, see. also Fig. 5 , To protect against contamination, the interior of the housing 17 is provided by a sealing ring 27 surrounding the actuating pin 9.

If, therefore, the hatch cover 3 is opened, the locking element 4 first slides along the outside 26 of the bearing element 15. Driven by the compression spring 12, it then locks on reaching the first locking structure 5.1 automatically in the locking structure 5.1, which is a bearing element 15 passing through the recess. The unlocking is then carried out by actuation of the actuating element 8 against the force of the spring 12, whereby the locking element 4 disengages from the locking structure 5.1 and the hatch cover 3 can be pivoted further or back to the closed position.

In FIG. 8 is a first open position shown, in which the hatch cover 3 is pivoted relative to the closed position by 90 ° upwards. As in FIG. 8 can be seen, in this position, the locking element 4 in the locking structure 5.1 engaged. Due to the play-free guidance of the locking element 4 within the bearing element 10, the introduced via the hatch cover 3 forces or moments are derived free of play on the bearing elements 15.

Hereinafter, constructive details of the locking element with reference to the representation in the FIGS. 9 and 10 explained.

In FIG. 9 the locking element 4 is shown in a perspective view. Overall, the locking element 4 is similar in cross section to the shape of a lock cylinder, wherein the locking element 4 has a construction with a total of three sections. First, section 4.2 forms the actual locking section. This has a smaller depth T ₁ than the other sections 4.1, 4.3. The locking portion 4.2 is provided with engagement surfaces 21.1, 21.2, which are inclined relative to each other, see. FIG. 10 , The guide section 4.1 has a greater depth T ₂ than the locking section 4.2, so that the guide surfaces 20.1, 20.2 are always guided inside the bearing element 10 even when the locking structures 5.1, 5.2 lie outside the locking structures 5.1, 5.2. At the guide section 4.1 is followed by a connection section 4.1 for connection to the locking pin 9, which has the greatest depth T ₃ and has approximately a round cylindrical contour with an inside provided square 25.

The locking element 4 extends in the region between the locking axis V and the pivot axis S of the pivot bearing 2, so that even with larger distances between the pivot axis S and the locking axis V a lock in the open positions is possible. The locking element 4 is not only subjected to shear but also to bending, so that even heavy-duty hatch cover 3 can be locked reliably via the locking element 4.

Reference numerals:

1

swivel Luke

2

pivot bearing

3

hatch cover

4

locking element

4.1

section

4.2

section

4.3

section

5.1

locking structure

5.2

locking structure

6

inside

7

outside

8th

jig

9

locking bolt

10

bearing element

11

Schwenkachskörper

12

feather

13

toothed segment

14

gear segment

15

bearing element

16

spring element

17

casing

18

cover

19

bolts

20.1

guide surface

20.2

guide surface

21.1

engaging surface

21.2

engaging surface

22

square

23

wave

24

bearing element

25

square

26

area

27

seal

30

closing element

S

swivel axis

V

locking axis

A

distance

T ₁

depth

T ₂

depth

T ₃

depth

Claims (15)

1. Pivoting hatch, with a hatch cover (3) which is arranged so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis (S) in relation to a pivot bearing (2) and is lockable in at least one pivoted position in relation to the pivot bearing (2) via a locking element (4), wherein the locking element (4) is movable in the direction of a locking axis (V) which is parallel to the pivot axis (S), and can be brought into engagement with a locking structure (5.1, 5.2) of the pivot bearing (2), characterized in that the locking element (4) extends from the locking axis (V) in the direction of the pivot axis (S), and in that the locking structure (5.1, 5.2) is a recess opening in a radial direction with respect to the pivot axis (S).
2. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hatch cover (3) is lockable in two pivoted positions via the locking element (4), wherein a first locking structure (5.1) is provided for the locking in the first pivoted position, and a second locking structure (5.2) is provided for the locking in the second pivoted position.
3. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking element (4) is movable to and fro in the direction of the locking axis (V) by actuation of an actuating element (8) provided on the inside (6) of the hatch cover (3).
4. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 3, characterized in that the actuating element (8) is coupled in such a manner to an actuating bolt (9) extending along the locking axis (V) that a rotational movement of the actuating element (8) is transferred into a translatory movement of the actuating bolt (9).
5. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 4, characterized in that the actuating element (8) is coupled via a gearwheel segment meshing with a toothed segment of the actuating bolt (9).
6. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 4, characterized in that the movement of the locking bolt (9) is guided in a guide (10).
7. Pivoting hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (4) has a guide portion (4.1) and an engagement portion (4.2).
8. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 7, characterized in that the guide portion (4.1) is guided in the guide (10) via guide surfaces (20.1, 20.2), and in that the engagement portion (4.2) engages in a locking structure (5.1, 5.2) for the locking of the hatch cover (3) in a pivoted position via engagement surfaces (21.1, 21.2).
9. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 8, characterized in that the guide surfaces (20.1, 20.2) are parallel to each other.
10. Pivoting hatch according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the engagement surfaces (21.1, 21.2) are inclined in relation to each other.
11. Pivoting hatch according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the locking element (4) is guided in the guide (10) via the guide portion (4.1) in such a manner that a torque support of the actuating bolt (9) arises.
12. Pivoting hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking structure (5.1, 5.2) is arranged on a bearing element (10) for a pivot axis body (11) extending along the pivot axis (S).
13. Pivoting hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking structure (5.1, 5.2) is a recess which is continuous parallel to the direction of the locking axis (V).
14. Pivoting hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (4) engages in the locking structure (5.1, 5.2) from outside the latter and forms the lock.
15. Pivoting hatch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (4) is loaded in the direction of the locking position via a spring (12).

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