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EP2091657B1 - Centrifuge, especially separator, with solid discharge orifices - Google Patents

Centrifuge, especially separator, with solid discharge orifices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2091657B1
EP2091657B1 EP07822335A EP07822335A EP2091657B1 EP 2091657 B1 EP2091657 B1 EP 2091657B1 EP 07822335 A EP07822335 A EP 07822335A EP 07822335 A EP07822335 A EP 07822335A EP 2091657 B1 EP2091657 B1 EP 2091657B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
bores
centrifuge according
discharge orifices
axis
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EP07822335A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2091657A1 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Mackel
Andreas Penkl
Thomas Bathelt
Kathrin Quiter
Klaus Baalmann
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
Original Assignee
GEA Westfalia Separator GmbH
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Application filed by GEA Westfalia Separator GmbH filed Critical GEA Westfalia Separator GmbH
Publication of EP2091657A1 publication Critical patent/EP2091657A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge with a centrifugal drum rotatable about a rotation axis, in particular a separator with a centrifugal drum rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a separator is from the US-A-3,108,952 known.
  • solid-discharge nozzles are angularly offset from each other in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum.
  • nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are inclined to the respective radial direction, in order to use the acceleration effect of emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.
  • the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet exiting from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit or collide against the outer wall of the drum, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.
  • erosion can lead to the formation of grooves in the outer drum shell, which become deeper and longer over time and thus limit the service life of the drum.
  • the outlet nozzles shown in this document each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally extending through the sleeve from the inside radially outward bore.
  • the first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the exiting from the centrifugal drum product phase first through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve is guided, from which it emerges inclined to the radial direction counter to the direction of rotation of the separator.
  • centrifuge drum From the AT 9622 B is a centrifuge drum known, which is divided in the vertical direction several times by slices in individual centrifugal chambers, each with a double conical contour, at the largest inner diameter of each outlet openings are formed.
  • the DE-C-36 19 298 also shows a Tellerseparator with a double conical drum interior, at its largest inner diameter Feststoffaustragsdüsen are formed.
  • About tubing, which is located at an axially offset in vertical setting "higher” and radially inward position of the drum from the drum In addition, a product phase, which contains only a small amount of solids, can be led out of the drum from an inner radius.
  • the tube is derived from a different state having product phase than by the Feststaffaustragsdüsen.
  • the invention has the object to extend the service life of the drum with simple means.
  • the holes in the solids outlet nozzles in the region of the largest inner diameter in the inside single or double conical centrifugal drum are arranged completely or at least partially in the axial or preferably vertical direction at different heights (Z-axis).
  • the recesses or depressions in the drum shell which lie in relation to the direction of rotation of the drum respectively behind the outlet nozzles and which are getting longer by increasing wear in use, can reach a much greater length in the circumferential direction before they reach the next outlet nozzle in the circumferential direction, as if all of the outlet openings in only one vertical height (Z-axis parallel to the axis of rotation).
  • an effective wear protection of the separator drum is realized in a simple manner with which the service life of the drum or of the part of the drum which has the discharge openings can be increased. In most cases, this is the drum base.
  • this wear protection measure can also be combined as desired with further wear protection measures such as coatings or wear protection elements in the region of the outlet openings.
  • the invention is primarily suitable for separators whose centrifugal drum have a vertical axis of rotation and inside and / or outside are simply or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles have nozzle body, which preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, in particular of are used outside in this.
  • the invention can be used in separators whose outlet openings are offset by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum inwardly and each have a groove-like recess or recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell, which in the rule are designed wedge-shaped, so that the solid can escape with a flat, as far as possible a tangent angle.
  • the outlet openings lie alternately in the circumferential direction in two mutually parallel planes which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z-axis and are arranged in the circumferential direction alternately in the first plane and in the second plane, which leads to a particularly effective wear protection.
  • the position and orientation of the actual holes is left unchanged and only the nozzle body are each oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings are each preferably completely perpendicular to the vertical at different levels.
  • the inlet openings and also the inner openings of the openings are still at a common vertical height. This must - and this is particularly advantageous - anyway, the contour of the drum interior still not be changed.
  • the holes themselves are oriented differently - e.g. in the circumferential direction alternately relative to the z-axis obliquely upwards and obliquely downward - which in any case are the outlet openings of the screwed into the holes nozzle body in a different vertical height.
  • the holes are completely - ie in the region of their inner inlet opening in different vertical height, which also provides the advantage of the invention, but a new contouring of the drum inner shell requires, so that the above variant, which exemplifies in Fig. 2 is shown, is preferred.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a separator drum 1 with a vertical axis of rotation A (see also Fig. 2 and 3 ).
  • the vertical height on the drum relative to the axis of rotation A is hereinafter referred to as "Z" (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow U.
  • the separator drum 1 has a drum base 2 and a drum top 3, which form a drum outer casing with a double conical geometry.
  • Embodiments with simple or non-conical drums are also feasible within the scope of the invention.
  • the drums can also be simple or double conical in terms of their interior.
  • the separator drum 1 is preferably a separation plate package with separation plates used.
  • the separator drum 1 also has an inlet pipe (not shown here) and liquid drains (also not shown here). It is preferably at least designed as a two-phase machine (solid phase, liquid phase) or as a three-phase machine (solid, liquid, liquid). It is also preferably operated continuously and in particular further preferably also continuously diverts the solid phase.
  • the separator drum 1 - here the drum base 2 - is provided with a plurality of outlet nozzles.
  • it is at least two, preferably a plurality of openings, in particular holes 4, interspersed.
  • These holes 4 are again preferably in the region of the largest diameter (see Fig. 2 ) of the drum formed and enforce the drum shell from the inside of the drum to the outside.
  • a sleeve-like nozzle body 5 is preferably used in each of the holes 4 (see, eg Fig. 2 and 4 ), eg screwed in. As a result, the solids discharge is made possible from the inside of the drum.
  • the drum base 2 follows Fig. 2 For example, in the area in which it is penetrated by the openings 4, radially in front of each opening 4, a recess 6 tapering outwards towards the openings 4. As a result, the solids segment structure between the nozzle bodies 5 is minimized.
  • the nozzle bodies 5 are each provided with a bore 7 extending from the interior of the drum in the direction of the outer drum space, which preferably extends radially from inside to outside in a first bore section 8 and then into a bore section 9 angularly aligned with the first bore section 8 passes ( Fig. 2 . 4 ).
  • the outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is preferably aligned at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle ⁇ between the radial direction and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 45 ° and 90 °.
  • the outlet opening 10 is offset in each case relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum or the drum shell inwards.
  • groove-like depressions or recesses 11 are formed in the drum shell at an angle to the radial direction on the production side in the extension of the second bore section 9, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles is injected as far as possible past the drum shell.
  • the holes 7 of the sleeve body 5 (and possibly also the holes 4 in the drum shell, which receive the nozzle body 5) completely or at least in the region of their outlet openings 10 in the vertical direction are not in a plane but in at least two or more different levels E1, E2.
  • the outlet openings 10 lie in two mutually parallel planes, which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z-axis. Thus, they are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction in the first plane and in the second plane. This is especially in Fig. 2d to recognize.
  • Fig. 5 indicates that in another variant, the outlet openings 10 are indeed in a plane, but the holes or areas in front of the outlet openings 10th are aligned so that the solid is radiated obliquely upwards and downwards in different directions, so that the service life is also extended.
  • inlet openings 12 of the holes 7 are inlet openings 12 of the holes 7 in a common plane to the drum axis, so that the contour of the inner shell of the separator drum by the measure, the outlet openings 10 to be arranged in at least two or more different levels, must not be changed.
  • the position and orientation of the actual holes 4 is left unchanged and only the nozzle body are oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings 10 are perpendicular to the vertical Z at different levels.
  • the inlet openings 12 and also the inner mouths of the openings 4 are still at a vertical height. Then - and this is particularly advantageous - in any case, the contour of the drum interior still remains unchanged.
  • the holes 4 themselves are, however, differently oriented - eg in the circumferential direction alternately relative to the inner mouth obliquely upwards and obliquely downwards, which in any case the outlet openings 10 of the screwed into the holes 4 nozzle body in a different vertical height (planes E1, E2, see Fig. 2 ) are located.
  • outlet openings 10 open outward in an annular region 13 of the drum, in which the drum shell has a completely or essentially constant diameter.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

A centrifuge includes a centrifugal drum rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation. The centrifugal drum includes one or more solids discharge orifices located at an area of the largest inside diameter of the drum. The solids discharge orifices include bores having discharge openings. The bores are arranged at least partially on an exterior of the centrifugal drum in a vertical direction Z at selected vertical heights along the exterior of the centrifugal drum.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifuge mit einer um eine Drehachse drehbaren Schleudertrommel, insbesondere einen Separator mit einer um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbaren Schleudertrommel, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a centrifuge with a centrifugal drum rotatable about a rotation axis, in particular a separator with a centrifugal drum rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiger Separator ist aus der US-A-3,108,952 bekannt. In der Außenwandung der Schleudertrommel dieses Separators sind im Bereich des größten Innendurchmessers der Schleudertrommel Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen winkelversetzt zueinander angeordnet. Dabei sind jeweils in Bohrungen des Trommelmantels Düsenkörper eingesetzt, welche sich nicht radial nach außen erstrecken, sondern geneigt zur jeweiligen Radialrichtung ausgerichtet sind, um den Beschleunigungseffekt der aus den Düsen austretenden Produktphase zu nutzen, was die zum Drehen der Schleudertrommel erforderliche Energie verringert.Such a separator is from the US-A-3,108,952 known. In the outer wall of the centrifugal drum of this separator solid-discharge nozzles are angularly offset from each other in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum. In this case, nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are inclined to the respective radial direction, in order to use the acceleration effect of emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.

Da die Austrittsdüsen geneigt zur Radialrichtung angeordnet sind, kann der aus den Austrittsdüsen austretende Produktstrahl zumindest zu einem gewissen Teil an die Trommelaußenwandung treffen bzw. mit dieser kollidieren, was einen erheblichen Verschleiß der Trommelaußenwandung bedingen kann.Since the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet exiting from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit or collide against the outer wall of the drum, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.

Insbesondere kann es durch Erosion zur Ausbildung von Rillen im Trommelaußenmantel kommen, die im Laufe der Zeit tiefer und länger werden und damit die Standzeit der Trommel begrenzen.In particular, erosion can lead to the formation of grooves in the outer drum shell, which become deeper and longer over time and thus limit the service life of the drum.

Einen ähnlichen Stand der Technik zeigt die US-A-2,695,748 . Die in dieser Schrift dargestellten Austrittsdüsen bestehen jeweils aus einer ersten Hülse mit einer sich zentrisch durch die Hülse von innen radial nach außen erstreckenden Bohrung. Die ersten Hülsen sind in die Bohrungen des Trommelmantels eingesetzt. In sie ist jeweils in ihrem Endbereich winklig zur Radialrichtung eine zweite Hülse eingeschraubt, welche ebenfalls eine zentrische Bohrung aufweist, so dass die aus der Schleudertrommel austretende Produktphase zunächst durch die erste Hülse radial nach außen und dann durch die zweite Hülse geführt wird, aus welcher er geneigt zur Radialrichtung entgegen der Drehrichtung des Separators austritt.A similar state of the art shows the US-A-2,695,748 , The outlet nozzles shown in this document each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally extending through the sleeve from the inside radially outward bore. The first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the exiting from the centrifugal drum product phase first through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve is guided, from which it emerges inclined to the radial direction counter to the direction of rotation of the separator.

Aus der US-A-2,695,748 ist es auch bekannt, die erste Hülse ebenfalls winklig zur Radialrichtung in eine Bohrung der Trommelwand einzusetzen. Die Hülse schließt dabei an ihrem äußeren Ende ungefähr bündig mit der Außenseite des Schleudertrommel ab, was dazu führt, dass hinter dem Austritt der Hülse mit der Düse der Produktstrom in einer Ausnehmung der Schleudertrommel gegen den Trommelmantel treffen und diesen verschleißen kann. Zur Fixierung der ersten Hülse an der Schleudertrommel dient ein in eine Nut der Schleudertrommel einrastender Vorsprung.From the US-A-2,695,748 It is also known to also insert the first sleeve at an angle to the radial direction in a bore of the drum wall. The sleeve closes at its outer end approximately flush with the outside of the centrifugal drum, resulting in that meet behind the outlet of the sleeve with the nozzle of the product flow in a recess of the centrifugal drum against the drum shell and can wear it. For fixing the first sleeve on the centrifugal drum, a projection latching into a groove of the centrifugal drum is used.

Eine ähnliche Konstruktion zeigt die US-A-2,060,239 .A similar construction shows the US-A-2,060,239 ,

Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde in der gattungsgemäßen DE-U-202 19 551 bereits vorgeschlagen, am Trommelmantel im Bereich der Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen jeweils wenigstens ein Verschleißschutzelement aus einem Hartmetall anzuordnen und/oder eine Beschichtung einer Rampe im Trommelaußenmantel auszubilden. Diese Maßnahmen verursachen einen Mehraufwand.To solve this problem has been in the generic DE-U-202 19 551 already proposed to arrange at least one wear protection element made of a hard metal on the drum shell in the region of the solids outlet nozzles and / or to form a coating of a ramp in the outer drum shell. These measures cause extra work.

Aus der AT 9622 B ist eine Zentrifugentrommel bekannt, die in vertikaler Richtung mehrfach durch Scheiben in einzelne Schleuderräume mit jeweils doppelt konischer Kontur unterteilt ist, an deren größten Innendurchmesser jeweils Austrittsöffnungen ausgebildet sind.From the AT 9622 B is a centrifuge drum known, which is divided in the vertical direction several times by slices in individual centrifugal chambers, each with a double conical contour, at the largest inner diameter of each outlet openings are formed.

Zum Stand der Technik sei noch die FR-A-1.598.924 genannt, die einen Separator mit einer abschnittsweise mehrwandigen Trommel zeigt.The state of the art is still the FR-A-1598924 called, showing a separator with a partially multi-walled drum.

Die DE-C-36 19 298 zeigt zudem einen Tellerseparator mit einem doppelt konischen Trommelinnenraum, an dessen größtem Innendurchmesser Feststoffaustragsdüsen ausgebildet sind. Über Röhrchen, die an einer axial versetzten in vertikaler Aufstellung "höheren" und radial weiter innen liegenden Position der Trommel aus der Trommel führen, kann zudem eine Produktphase, die nur wenig Feststoffe enthält, von einem weiter innen liegenden Radius aus der Trommel geleitet werden. Damit wird durch die Röhrchen eine andere Beschaffenheit aufweisende Produktphase abgeleitet als durch die Feststaffaustragsdüsen.The DE-C-36 19 298 also shows a Tellerseparator with a double conical drum interior, at its largest inner diameter Feststoffaustragsdüsen are formed. About tubing, which is located at an axially offset in vertical setting "higher" and radially inward position of the drum from the drum In addition, a product phase, which contains only a small amount of solids, can be led out of the drum from an inner radius. Thus, the tube is derived from a different state having product phase than by the Feststaffaustragsdüsen.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, die Standzeit der Trommel mit einfachen Mitteln zu verlängern.The invention has the object to extend the service life of the drum with simple means.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem by the subject matter of claim 1.

Danach sind die Bohrungen in den Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen im Bereich des größten Innendurchmessers in der innen einfach oder doppelt konischen Schleudertrommel ganz oder zumindest teilweise in axialer bzw. vorzugsweise vertikaler Richtung in unterschiedlicher Höhe (Z-Achse) angeordnet.Thereafter, the holes in the solids outlet nozzles in the region of the largest inner diameter in the inside single or double conical centrifugal drum are arranged completely or at least partially in the axial or preferably vertical direction at different heights (Z-axis).

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Ausnehmungen bzw. Vertiefungen im Trommelmantel, die bezogen auf die Drehrichtung der Trommel jeweils hinter den Austrittsdüsen liegen und die durch zunehmenden Verschleiß im Gebrauch immer länger werden, in Umfangsrichtung eine sehr viel größere Länge erreichen können, bevor sie die in Umfangsrichtung jeweils nächste Austrittsdüse erreichen, als wenn alle der Austrittsöffnungen in nur einer vertikalen Höhe (Z-Achse parallel zur Drehachse) liegen.According to the invention, there is the advantage that the recesses or depressions in the drum shell, which lie in relation to the direction of rotation of the drum respectively behind the outlet nozzles and which are getting longer by increasing wear in use, can reach a much greater length in the circumferential direction before they reach the next outlet nozzle in the circumferential direction, as if all of the outlet openings in only one vertical height (Z-axis parallel to the axis of rotation).

Durch die Erfindung wird auf einfache Weise ein wirksamer Verschleißschutz der Separatortrommel realisiert, mit dem die Lebensdauer der Trommel bzw. des Teiles der Trommel, welches die Austragsöffnungen aufweist, erhöht werden kann. Zumeist handelt es sich dabei um das Trommelunterteil.By means of the invention, an effective wear protection of the separator drum is realized in a simple manner with which the service life of the drum or of the part of the drum which has the discharge openings can be increased. In most cases, this is the drum base.

Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass sich diese Verschleißschutzmaßnahme nach Wunsch auch noch mit weiteren Verschleißschutzmaßnahmen wie Beschichtungen oder Verschleißschutzelementen im Bereich der Austrittsöffnungen kombinieren lässt.It is also advantageous that this wear protection measure can also be combined as desired with further wear protection measures such as coatings or wear protection elements in the region of the outlet openings.

Die Erfindung eignet sich in erster Linie für Separatoren, deren Schleudertrommel eine vertikale Drehachse aufweisen und innen und/oder außen einfach oder doppelt konisch ausgebildet sind, wobei die Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen Düsenkörper aufweisen, welche vorzugsweise im Bereich des größten Durchmessers der Schleudertrommel angeordnet, insbesondere von außen in diese eingesetzt sind.The invention is primarily suitable for separators whose centrifugal drum have a vertical axis of rotation and inside and / or outside are simply or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles have nozzle body, which preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, in particular of are used outside in this.

Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist die Erfindung bei Separatoren einsetzbar, deren Austrittsöffnungen um eine Strecke relativ zum größten Außenumfang bzw. Außendurchmesser der Schleudertrommel nach innen versetzt angeordnet sind und die jeweils eine rinnenartige Vertiefung bzw. Ausnehmung in Verlängerung der Austrittsöffnungen im Trommelmantel aufweisen, die in der Regel keilförmig ausgestaltet sind, damit der Feststoff mit einem flachen, möglichst einer Tangente angenäherten Winkel austreten kann.Very particularly advantageously, the invention can be used in separators whose outlet openings are offset by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum inwardly and each have a groove-like recess or recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell, which in the rule are designed wedge-shaped, so that the solid can escape with a flat, as far as possible a tangent angle.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind weitere Ausgestaltungen denkbar.In the context of the invention, further embodiments are conceivable.

Vorzugsweise liegen die Austrittsöffnungen in Umfangsrichtung abwechselnd in zwei zueinander parallelen Ebenen, die senkrecht zur vertikalen bzw. zur Z-Achse ausgerichtet sind und sind in Umfangsrichtung wechselweise in der ersten Ebene und in der zweiten Ebene angeordnet, was zu einem besonders effektiven Verschleißschutz führt.Preferably, the outlet openings lie alternately in the circumferential direction in two mutually parallel planes which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z-axis and are arranged in the circumferential direction alternately in the first plane and in the second plane, which leads to a particularly effective wear protection.

Bei einer besonders einfachen Variante wird die Lage und Ausrichtung der eigentlichen Bohrungen unverändert gelassen und es werden nur jeweils die Düsenkörper etwas unterschiedlich orientiert, so dass ihre Austrittsöffnungen jeweils vorzugsweise ganz auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen senkrecht zur Vertikalen liegen.In a particularly simple variant, the position and orientation of the actual holes is left unchanged and only the nozzle body are each oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings are each preferably completely perpendicular to the vertical at different levels.

Dies hat den besonderen Vorteil, dass an sich weder die Bohrungen noch die Düsenkörper gegenüber bekannten Konstruktionen verändert werden müssen. Es ist lediglich notwendig, die Düsenkörper unterschiedlich zu orientieren.This has the particular advantage that neither the holes nor the nozzle body must be changed in relation to known constructions. It is only necessary to orient the nozzle body differently.

Ein analoger Effekt könnte durch den Einsatz unterschiedlicher Düsenkörper erreicht werden, die mit verschieden orientierten Bohrungen versehen werden, aber gleich montiert werden.An analogous effect could be achieved by using different nozzle bodies, which are provided with differently oriented holes, but are mounted the same.

Nach einer weiteren - ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform - liegen dagegen die Eintrittsöffnungen bzw. auch die inneren Mündungen der Öffnungen nach wie vor auf einer gemeinsamen vertikalen Höhe. Damit muß - und das ist besonders vorteilhaft - jedenfalls die Kontur des Trommelinnenraums nach wie vor nicht verändert werden.According to another - particularly preferred embodiment - on the other hand, the inlet openings and also the inner openings of the openings are still at a common vertical height. This must - and this is particularly advantageous - anyway, the contour of the drum interior still not be changed.

Die Bohrungen selbst werden dagegen unterschiedlich ausgerichtet - z.B. in Umfangsrichtung wechselweise relativ zur z-Achse schräg nach oben und schräg nach unten - wodurch sich jedenfalls die Austrittsöffnungen der in die Bohrungen eingeschraubten Düsenkörper in einer unterschiedlichen vertikalen Höhe befinden.The holes themselves, on the other hand, are oriented differently - e.g. in the circumferential direction alternately relative to the z-axis obliquely upwards and obliquely downward - which in any case are the outlet openings of the screwed into the holes nozzle body in a different vertical height.

Derart ist auf einfache Weise auch ein größerer vertikaler Versatz des Bereiches der Austrittsöffnungen erreichbar als durch die alleinige Maßnahme der unterschiedlichen Orientierung der Düsenkörper in den Öffnungen. Selbstverständlich lassen sich diese beiden Maßnahmen aber auch kombinieren, so dass sie sich ggf. erfindungsgemäß ergänzen.In this way, a greater vertical offset of the area of the outlet openings can be achieved in a simple manner than by the sole measure of the different orientation of the nozzle bodies in the openings. Of course, these two measures can also be combined so that they possibly complement each other according to the invention.

Vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Austrittsöffnungen in einem Ringbereich der Trommel nach außen münden, in dem der Trommelmantel einen konstanten Durchmesser aufweistIt is advantageous if the outlet openings open outward in an annular region of the drum in which the drum casing has a constant diameter

Nach einer weiteren Variante liegen die Bohrungen vollständig - also auch im Bereich ihrer inneren Eintrittsöffnung in unterschiedlicher vertikaler Höhe, was auch den erfindungsgemäßen Vorteil bietet, aber eine neue Konturierung des Trommel-Innenmantels erfordert, so dass die vorstehend genannte Variante, die beispielhaft in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, bevorzugt wird.According to a further variant, the holes are completely - ie in the region of their inner inlet opening in different vertical height, which also provides the advantage of the invention, but a new contouring of the drum inner shell requires, so that the above variant, which exemplifies in Fig. 2 is shown, is preferred.

Denkbar ist es auch, die Öffnungen in Umfangsrichtung in drei oder mehr verschiedenen Ebenen anzuordnen.It is also conceivable to arrange the openings in the circumferential direction in three or more different planes.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben, wobei auch weitere Vorteile der Erfindung deutlich werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivisch Ansicht einer Separatortrommel;
Fig. 2
verschiedene Ansichten und Bereiche eines Trommelunterteils;
Fig. 3
denkbare Verschleißbilder am Trommelunterteil aus Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung eines Bereiches X der Fig. 2a; und
Fig. 5
eine Prinzipskizze zur Veranschaulichung des Wirkprinzips einer weite- ren Variante der Erfindung.
Embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, wherein also further advantages of the invention will become apparent. Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a separator drum;
Fig. 2
different views and areas of a drum base;
Fig. 3
conceivable wear patterns on the lower drum part Fig. 2 ;
Fig. 4
an enlarged detail of an area X the Fig. 2a ; and
Fig. 5
a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of action of a further variant of the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Separatortrommel 1 mit vertikaler Drehachse A (siehe auch Fig. 2 und 3). Die vertikale Höhe an der Trommel relativ zur Drehachse A wird nachfolgend mit "Z" bezeichnet (siehe Fig. 2). Die Drehrichtung ist mit dem Pfeil U gekennzeichnet. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a separator drum 1 with a vertical axis of rotation A (see also Fig. 2 and 3 ). The vertical height on the drum relative to the axis of rotation A is hereinafter referred to as "Z" (see Fig. 2 ). The direction of rotation is indicated by the arrow U.

Die Separatortrommel 1 weist ein Trommelunterteil 2 und ein Trommeloberteil 3 auf, welche einen Trommel-Außenmantel mit einer doppelt konischen Geometrie ausbilden. Ausführungsformen mit einfach oder nicht konischen Trommeln sind im Rahmen der Erfindung ebenfalls realisierbar. Die Trommeln können zudem hinsichtlich ihres Innenraums einfach oder doppelt konisch ausgebildet sein.The separator drum 1 has a drum base 2 and a drum top 3, which form a drum outer casing with a double conical geometry. Embodiments with simple or non-conical drums are also feasible within the scope of the invention. The drums can also be simple or double conical in terms of their interior.

In die Separatortrommel 1 ist vorzugsweise ein Trenntellerpaket mit Trenntellern eingesetzt.In the separator drum 1 is preferably a separation plate package with separation plates used.

Die Separatortrommel 1 weist ferner ein Zulaufrohr (hier nicht dargestellt) und Flüssigkeitsabläufe (hier ebenfalls nicht dargestellt) auf. Sie ist vorzugsweise zumindest als Zweiphasenmaschine (Feststoffphase, Flüssigkeitsphase) oder als Dreiphasenmaschine (Fest, Flüssig, Flüssig) ausgestaltet. Sie wird ferner vorzugsweise kontinuierlich betrieben und leitet insbesondere weiter vorzugsweise auch die Feststoffphase kontinuierlich ab.The separator drum 1 also has an inlet pipe (not shown here) and liquid drains (also not shown here). It is preferably at least designed as a two-phase machine (solid phase, liquid phase) or as a three-phase machine (solid, liquid, liquid). It is also preferably operated continuously and in particular further preferably also continuously diverts the solid phase.

Die Separatortrommel 1 - hier deren Trommelunterteil 2 - ist mit mehreren Austrittsdüsen versehen. Hierzu ist sie von wenigstens zwei, vorzugsweise mehreren, Öffnungen, insbesondere Bohrungen 4, durchsetzt. Diese Bohrungen 4 sind wiederum vorzugsweise im Bereich des größten Durchmessers (siehe Fig. 2) der Trommel ausgebildet und durchsetzen den Trommelmantel vom Trommelinneren nach außen. Dabei ist vorzugsweise in jede der Bohrungen 4 jeweils ein hülsenartiger Düsenkörper 5 eingesetzt (siehe z.B. Fig. 2 und 4), z.B. eingeschraubt. Hierdurch wird der Feststoffaustritt aus dem Trommelinneren nach ermöglicht.The separator drum 1 - here the drum base 2 - is provided with a plurality of outlet nozzles. For this purpose, it is at least two, preferably a plurality of openings, in particular holes 4, interspersed. These holes 4 are again preferably in the region of the largest diameter (see Fig. 2 ) of the drum formed and enforce the drum shell from the inside of the drum to the outside. In each case, a sleeve-like nozzle body 5 is preferably used in each of the holes 4 (see, eg Fig. 2 and 4 ), eg screwed in. As a result, the solids discharge is made possible from the inside of the drum.

Das Trommelunterteil 2 weist nach Fig. 2 beispielsweise in dem Bereich, in welchem es von den Öffnungen 4 durchsetzt ist, radial vor jeder Öffnung 4 eine sich nach außen zu den Öffnungen 4 hin verjüngende Ausnehmung 6 auf. Hierdurch wird der Feststoff-Segmentraufbau zwischen den Düsenkörpern 5 minimiert.The drum base 2 follows Fig. 2 For example, in the area in which it is penetrated by the openings 4, radially in front of each opening 4, a recess 6 tapering outwards towards the openings 4. As a result, the solids segment structure between the nozzle bodies 5 is minimized.

Die Düsenkörper 5 sind jeweils mit einer sich vom Trommelinnenraum in Richtung des Trommelaußenraums erstreckenden Bohrung 7 versehen, welche sich vorzugsweise in einem ersten Bohrungsabschnitt 8 zunächst im wesentlichen in radialer Richtung von innen nach außen ersteckt und dann in einen zum ersten Bohrungsabschnitt 8 winklig ausgerichteten Bohrungsabschnitt 9 übergeht (Fig. 2, 4).The nozzle bodies 5 are each provided with a bore 7 extending from the interior of the drum in the direction of the outer drum space, which preferably extends radially from inside to outside in a first bore section 8 and then into a bore section 9 angularly aligned with the first bore section 8 passes ( Fig. 2 . 4 ).

Die Austrittsöffnung 10 des Bohrungsabschnittes 9 ist derart vorzugsweise jeweils winklig zur Radialrichtung R ausgerichtet, wobei der Winkel α zwischen der Radialrichtung und der Austrittsöffnung 10 bzw. dem zweiten Bohrungsbereich 9 vorzugsweise gleich oder kleiner als 90° ist. Insbesondere beträgt er zwischen 45° und 90°.The outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is preferably aligned at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle α between the radial direction and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 45 ° and 90 °.

Da die Düsenkörper 5 außen im Wesentlichen bündig mit der Außenkante des Trommelmantels 1 abschließen, liegt die Austrittsöffnung 10 jeweils relativ zum größten Außenumfang bzw. Durchmesser der Schleudertrommel bzw. des Trommelmantels nach innen versetzt.Since the nozzle body 5 terminate substantially flush with the outer edge of the drum shell 1 outside, the outlet opening 10 is offset in each case relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum or the drum shell inwards.

Entsprechend werden bereits fertigungsseitig in Verlängerung des zweiten Bohrungsabschnittes 9 jeweils winklig zur Radialrichtung ausgebildete, rinnenartige Vertiefungen oder Ausnehmungen 11 in dem Trommelmantel ausgebildet, damit die aus den Austrittsdüsen austretende Produktphase möglichst außen an dem Trommelmantel vorbei spritzt.Correspondingly, groove-like depressions or recesses 11 are formed in the drum shell at an angle to the radial direction on the production side in the extension of the second bore section 9, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles is injected as far as possible past the drum shell.

Bei dieser Konstruktionsweise trifft jedoch ein Teil des aus der Austrittsdüse 2 austretenden Feststoffes (siehe der Feststoff S in Fig. 4) wieder auf den Trommelmantel auf und könnte - im Abhängigkeit vom zu verarbeitenden Produkt - einen Abtrag des Trommelmantels insbesondere im äußeren Bereich der Ausnehmung 11 sowie auch weiter in Umfangsrichtung bewirken. Infolge dieser Erosion verlängert sich die rinnenartige Vertiefung 11 mit der Zeit eventuell (vergleiche Fig. 2 und 3).In this construction, however, meets a part of the emerging from the outlet nozzle 2 solid (see the solid S in Fig. 4 ) again on the drum shell and could - depending on the product to be processed - cause a removal of the drum shell, in particular in the outer region of the recess 11 and also in the circumferential direction. As a result of this erosion, the groove-like depression 11 may eventually lengthen over time (cf. Fig. 2 and 3 ).

Daher ist vorgesehen, dass die Bohrungen 7 der Hülsenkörper 5 (und ggf. auch die Bohrungen 4 im Trommelmantel, welche die Düsenkörper 5 aufnehmen) ganz oder zumindest im Bereich ihrer Austrittsöffnungen 10 in vertikaler Richtung nicht in einer Ebene liegen sondern in wenigstens zwei oder mehr voneinander verschiedenen Ebenen E1, E2.Therefore, it is provided that the holes 7 of the sleeve body 5 (and possibly also the holes 4 in the drum shell, which receive the nozzle body 5) completely or at least in the region of their outlet openings 10 in the vertical direction are not in a plane but in at least two or more different levels E1, E2.

Damit liegen jedenfalls die Austrittsöffnungen 10 in zwei zueinander parallelen Ebenen, die senkrecht zur vertikalen bzw. zur Z-Achse ausgerichtet sind. Damit sind sie in Umfangsrichtung wechselweise in der ersten Ebene und in der zweiten Ebene angeordnet. Dies ist besonders in Fig. 2d zu erkennen.In any case, the outlet openings 10 lie in two mutually parallel planes, which are aligned perpendicular to the vertical or to the Z-axis. Thus, they are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction in the first plane and in the second plane. This is especially in Fig. 2d to recognize.

Fig. 5 deutet an, dass bei einer anderen Variante die Austrittsöffnungen 10 zwar in einer Ebene liegen, aber die Bohrungen bzw. Bereiche vor den Austrittsöffnungen 10 so ausgerichtet sind, dass der Feststoff in verschiedenen Richtungen schräg nach oben und nach unten abgestrahlt wird, so dass die Standzeit ebenfalls verlängert wird. Fig. 5 indicates that in another variant, the outlet openings 10 are indeed in a plane, but the holes or areas in front of the outlet openings 10th are aligned so that the solid is radiated obliquely upwards and downwards in different directions, so that the service life is also extended.

Weiter vorzugsweise liegen dagegen Eintrittsöffnungen 12 der Bohrungen 7 in einer gemeinsamen Ebene zur Trommelachse, so dass die Kontur des Innenmantels der Separatortrommel durch die Maßnahme, die Austrittsöffnungen 10 in wenigstens zwei oder mehr verschiedenen Ebenen anzuordnen, nicht verändert werden muß.More preferably, however, are inlet openings 12 of the holes 7 in a common plane to the drum axis, so that the contour of the inner shell of the separator drum by the measure, the outlet openings 10 to be arranged in at least two or more different levels, must not be changed.

Damit ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass die Ausnehmungen 11 hinter einer Austrittsdüse 10a, die durch Verschleiß im Gebrauch immer länger werden, in Umfangsrichtung eine sehr viel größere Länge erreichen können, bevor sie gegen die Drehrichtung die in Umfangsrichtung jeweils nächste Austrittsdüse 10b erreichen, als wenn alle der Austrittsöffnungen 10 in nur einer Ebene liegen (Fig. 3).This results in the advantage that the recesses 11 behind an outlet nozzle 10a, which are getting longer by wear in use, can reach a much greater length in the circumferential direction before they reach against the direction of rotation in the circumferential direction next outlet nozzle 10b, as if all of the outlet openings 10 lie in only one plane ( Fig. 3 ).

Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind verschiedenste Ausgestaltungen denkbar.In the context of the invention a variety of configurations are conceivable.

Bei einer Variante wird die Lage und Ausrichtung der eigentlichen Bohrungen 4 unverändert gelassen und es werden nur jeweils die Düsenkörper etwas unterschiedlich orientiert, so dass ihre Austrittsöffnungen 10 auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen senkrecht zur Vertikalen Z liegen.In one variant, the position and orientation of the actual holes 4 is left unchanged and only the nozzle body are oriented slightly differently, so that their outlet openings 10 are perpendicular to the vertical Z at different levels.

Nach der Ausführungsform der Figuren 1 bis 3 können die Eintrittsöffnungen 12 bzw. auch die inneren Mündungen der Öffnungen 4 nach wie vor auf einer vertikalen Höhe liegen. Dann muß - und das ist besonders vorteilhaft - jedenfalls die Kontur des Trommelinnenraums nach wie vor nicht verändert werden.According to the embodiment of the FIGS. 1 to 3 can the inlet openings 12 and also the inner mouths of the openings 4 are still at a vertical height. Then - and this is particularly advantageous - in any case, the contour of the drum interior still remains unchanged.

Die Bohrungen 4 selbst werden dagegen unterschiedlich ausgerichtet - z.B. in Umfangsrichtung wechselweise relativ zur inneren Mündung schräg nach oben und schräg nach unten, wodurch sich jedenfalls die Austrittsöffnungen 10 der in die Bohrungen 4 eingeschraubten Düsenkörper in einer unterschiedlichen vertikalen Höhe (Ebenen E1, E2, siehe Fig. 2) befinden.The holes 4 themselves are, however, differently oriented - eg in the circumferential direction alternately relative to the inner mouth obliquely upwards and obliquely downwards, which in any case the outlet openings 10 of the screwed into the holes 4 nozzle body in a different vertical height (planes E1, E2, see Fig. 2 ) are located.

Diese Variante ist u.a. in den beigefügten Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt. Derart ist auf einfache Weise auch ein größerer vertikaler Versatz des Bereiches der Austrittsöffnungen 10 erreichbar als durch die alleinige Maßnahme der unterschiedlichen Orientierung der Düsenkörper 5 in den Öffnungen 4. Selbstverständlich lassen sich diese beiden Maßnahmen aber auch kombinieren, so dass sie sich ggf. erfindungsgemäß ergänzen.This variant is inter alia in the attached Figures 2 and 3 shown. Such a simple way, a greater vertical displacement of the area of the outlet openings 10 can be achieved than by the sole measure of the different orientation of the nozzle body 5 in the openings 4. Of course, these two measures can also be combined so that they may complement each other according to the invention ,

Vorteilhaft ist auch, wenn die Austrittsöffnungen 10 in einem Ringbereich 13 der Trommel nach außen münden, in dem der Trommelmantel einen ganz oder im wesentlichen konstanten Durchmesser aufweist.It is also advantageous if the outlet openings 10 open outward in an annular region 13 of the drum, in which the drum shell has a completely or essentially constant diameter.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

Separatortrommelseparator
11
TrommelunterteilDrum base
22
TrommeloberteilDrum shell
33
Bohrungendrilling
44
Düsenkörpernozzle body
55
Ausnehmungrecess
66
Bohrungdrilling
77
Bohrungsabschnittebore sections
8, 98, 9
Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
1010
rinnenartige Vertiefunggroove-like depression
1111
Eintrittsöffnungeninlet openings
1212
Ringbereichring area
1313
Ebenenlevels
E1, E2E1, E2
Winkelangle
αα
Drehachseaxis of rotation
AA
Vertikale HöheVertical height
ZZ
Feststoffsolid fuel
SS

Claims (14)

  1. Centrifuge with a centrifugal drum (2), in particular continuously operating separator, rotatable about an axis of rotation (D), with a centrifugal drum (2) which is rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation (D) and which has an internally singly or doubly conical design and which is provided in the region of its largest inside diameter with at least one or more solids discharge nozzles which have bores (7) with discharge orifices (10), characterized in that the bores (7) in the solids discharge nozzles in the region of the largest inside diameter of the internally singly or doubly conical centrifugal drum (2) are arranged completely or at least partially at a different height (Z-axis) in the axial or preferably vertical direction.
  2. Centrifuge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bores (7) are arranged, at least in the region of their discharge orifices (10), at a different height (Z-axis) in the vertical direction.
  3. Centrifuge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bores (7) are oriented and aligned in such a way that the solid phase emerges from the discharge orifices (10) in at least two different directions.
  4. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge orifices (10) lie in at least two or more planes which are different from one another and which are oriented perpendicularly to the axis of rotation (A) of the drum.
  5. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge orifices (10) lie, alternately in the circumferential direction, in two planes (E1, E2) which are different from one another and which are oriented perpendicularly to the axis of rotation (A) of the drum.
  6. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids discharge nozzles have nozzle bodies which are preferably arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum.
  7. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids discharge nozzles are formed by nozzle bodies (5) which are inserted in orifices (4) in the drum casing, which penetrate the drum casing from the inside outwards, and in that the nozzle bodies (5) are provided in each case with the bore (7) extending from the drum inner space in the direction of the drum outer space.
  8. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle bodies (5) are in each case inserted differently into the bores (4) in such a way that their discharge orifices (10) issue in each case in different vertical planes.
  9. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (7), in a first bore portion (8), first extend essentially in the radial direction from the inside outwards and then, merge into a second bore portion (9) oriented at an angle to the first bore portion (8), and in that the discharge orifices (10) of the second bore portion (9) are preferably oriented in each case at an angle to the radial direction.
  10. Centrifuge according to Claim 9, characterized in that the discharge orifices (10) in each case lie so as to be offset inwards in relation to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum or drum casing, a channel-like depression or recess (11) formed at an angle to the radial direction being formed in the drum casing (1) in the extension of the second bore portion (9).
  11. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inflow orifices (12) of the bores (7) and/or of the bores (4) lie in a common plane or at a vertical height in relation to the drum axis.
  12. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (4) are oriented, alternately in the circumferential direction, obliquely upwards and obliquely downwards in relation to the inner mouth.
  13. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bores (4) and the bores (7) of the nozzle bodies (5) are formed completely at a different vertical height (Z).
  14. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge orifices (10) are formed in an annular region of the drum lower part (3), which annular region has a constant diameter.
EP07822335A 2006-11-14 2007-11-08 Centrifuge, especially separator, with solid discharge orifices Active EP2091657B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006053491A DE102006053491A1 (en) 2006-11-14 2006-11-14 Centrifuge, in particular separator, with solids outlet nozzles
PCT/EP2007/062029 WO2008058883A1 (en) 2006-11-14 2007-11-08 Centrifuge, especially separator, with solid discharge orifices

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2091657A1 EP2091657A1 (en) 2009-08-26
EP2091657B1 true EP2091657B1 (en) 2010-09-01

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Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8419607B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2091657B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101605609B (en)
AT (1) ATE479503T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2670868C (en)
DE (2) DE102006053491A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2091657T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2008058883A1 (en)

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DE102012002351A1 (en) * 2011-11-24 2013-05-29 Bma Braunschweigische Maschinenbauanstalt Ag Discontinuous centrifuge with a rotatable centrifuge drum with a jacket and method of manufacturing the jacket
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EP3398687B1 (en) * 2017-05-04 2020-03-18 Andritz S.A.S. Decanter centrifuge

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WO2022263183A1 (en) 2021-06-17 2022-12-22 Gea Westfalia Separator Group Gmbh Centrifuge drum of a nozzle separator, and nozzle separator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101605609A (en) 2009-12-16
CA2670868C (en) 2015-04-07
EP2091657A1 (en) 2009-08-26
DE502007004957D1 (en) 2010-10-14
DE102006053491A1 (en) 2008-05-15
DK2091657T3 (en) 2010-12-13
CN101605609B (en) 2012-11-14
ATE479503T1 (en) 2010-09-15
WO2008058883A1 (en) 2008-05-22
CA2670868A1 (en) 2008-05-22
US20100062923A1 (en) 2010-03-11
US8419607B2 (en) 2013-04-16

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