EP1572371B2 - Centrifuge, particularly a separator, having solids discharge nozzles and wear protection - Google Patents

Abstract

A separator comprising a centrifugal drum that includes a drum shell having at least one solids discharge nozzle. Further included is at least one wear protection element on the drum shell in an area of and behind the at least one solids discharge nozzle. The at least one wear protection element includes or is constructed as a plate-type body.

Description

The invention relates to a separator with a centrifugal drum, which has a drum shell, which is provided with solid-discharge nozzles.

Such a separator is from the US 3,108,952 In the outer wall of the centrifugal drum of this separator solid-discharge nozzles are angularly offset from one another in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum. In this case, nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are aligned obliquely to the respective radial direction in order to use the Beschettnigungseffekt emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.

Since the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet emerging from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit the drum outer wall or collide with it, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.

A similar state of the art shows the US 2,695,748 , The illustrated in this document outlet nozzles each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally through the sleeve from the inside radially outwardly extending bore. The first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the emerging from the centrifugal drum product phase is first passed through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve, from which he inclined to the radial direction against the direction of rotation of the separator emerges.

From the Fig. 9 of the generic US 2,695,748 It is also known to also insert the first sleeve at an angle to the radial direction in a bore of the drum wall. The sleeve closes at its outer end approximately flush with the outside of the centrifugal drum, resulting in that meet behind the outlet of the sleeve with the nozzle of the product flow in a recess of the centrifugal drum against the drum shell and can wear it. In practice, formed by the wear deep groove in the drum wall, which eventually costly maintenance condition- To fix the first sleeve on the centrifugal drum is a latching in a groove of the centrifugal drum projection.

The state of the art still the DE 1130 371 B , the DE 199 51 663 A , the DE 41 05 412 A , the DE 18 61 982 U , the DE 18 61 982 U , the DD 42343 and the US 20 60 239 called, but which are still different from the invention.

The DE 18 61 182 relates to a Siebschleudertrommel with perforations for the realization of the screening function, which are filled with hard metal grommets, wherein the drum outer shell is covered with carbide.

From the DE 41 05 412 A is a solid bowl screw centrifuge known in which holes in the drum for solids discharge inside are lined with a hard metal.

The invention aims to secure the generic separator in a simple manner better than in the prior art against wear by emerging from the solid particles product phase.

This object is achieved by the invention by the subject matter of claim 1.

Separate elements allow optimal adaptation to the task of wear protection.

The wear protection devices consist of a wear-resistant material such as a steel or a hard metal or a ceramic or a combination or a composite of these materials or they are coated with such a material.

The outlet nozzles are provided with outlet openings oriented at an angle α + β inclined to the radial direction, and the angle α + β between the radial direction in the area of the outlet nozzles and the orientation of the outlet openings is preferably equal to or less than 90 ° (eg between 70 and 85 ° ). Since especially in separators with such outlet nozzles locally a large wear of the drum shell occurs, the wear protection elements are of particular advantage here. In this case, the orientation angle of the outlet openings to the radial direction (R) is particularly preferably between 70 and 90 °.

The invention is for separators whose centrifugal drum has a vertical axis of rotation and is single or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles are arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, and inserted from the outside into this.

The invention can be used with separators whose outlet openings are offset inwardly by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum and which each have a recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell which receive the wear protection elements.

The wear protection elements extend from the outlet openings to the outer edge of the drum shell, in order to ensure that the last-mentioned region of the centrifugal drum, which is particularly stressed according to the prior art, is protected against wear.

Fig. 1a, b

einen Schnitt durch einen Abschnitt der Außenwand einer Schleudertrommel eines Separators im Bereich einer Feststoffaustragdüse und eine Draufsicht auf den Bereich der Feststoffaustragsdüse;

Fig. 2a,b

zwei verschiedene Ansichten der Verschleißschutzelemente des Separators aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3a,b

zu Fig. 1 analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines zweiten Separators;

Fig. 4

zwei verschiedene Ansichten der Verschleißschutzelemente des Separators aus Fig. 3;

Fig. 5a,b,c

zu Fig. 1 und 2 analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines dritten Separators;

Fig. 6a,b,c

zu Fig. 1 und analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines vierten Separators; und

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Separatortrommel; und

Fig. 8

eine Seitenansicht eines Abschnitts der Separatortrommel aus Fig. 7.

Embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, wherein also further Advantages of the invention become clear. Show it:

Fig. 1a, b

a section through a portion of the outer wall of a centrifugal drum of a separator in the region of a Feststoffaustragdüse and a plan view of the area of the Feststoffaustragsdüse;

Fig. 2a, b

two different views of the wear protection elements of the separator Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3a, b

to Fig. 1 analogous representations of a portion of a second separator;

Fig. 4

two different views of the wear protection elements of the separator Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5a, b, c

to Fig. 1 and 2 analogous representations of a portion of a third separator;

Fig. 6a, b, c

to Fig. 1 and analogous representations of a portion of a fourth separator; and

Fig. 7

a perspective view of a separator drum; and

Fig. 8

a side view of a portion of the separator drum Fig. 7 ,

Fig. 1 shows a portion of a section through the drum shell 1 a centrifugal drum of a separator with a vertical axis of rotation and, for example, single or double conical geometry, which is provided with at least one, preferably a plurality of outlet nozzles 2 for solid.

The outlet nozzles 2 are formed from a sleeve body 3, which are each inserted in the radial direction of the centrifugal drum in here also radially extending holes 4 in the drum shell 1 (for example, screwed). They have sealing rings 22 on their outer circumference. The drum shell has inside here in each case in front of the outlet nozzles 2 in the direction of the outlet nozzles 2 tapered recesses 21 which guide the solids to the outlet nozzles 2.

The outlet nozzles 2 are each provided with a central bore 7 extending from the drum interior 5 in the direction of the drum outer space 6, which extends in a first bore section 8 initially with a first diameter D1 in the radial direction from inside to outside and then into the first bore section 8 angularly aligned bore portion 9 merges with a diameter smaller relative to the first diameter D2.

The outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is aligned in each case at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle α + β between the radial direction R and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 70 and 90 °.

Since the sleeve body 3 terminate substantially flush with the outer edge of the drum shell 1 outside, the outlet opening 10 is offset in each case by a distance a relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum 28 and the drum shell inwards.

Correspondingly, in the extension of the second bore section 9, an groove-like depression or recess 11 formed at an angle to the radial direction must be formed in the drum shell 1, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles 2 injects as completely as possible outside on the drum shell 1.

In this construction, however, meets a part of the emerging from the outlet nozzle 2 solid on the drum shell 1 and causes wear of the drum shell, in particular in the outer region of the recess 11 and also in the circumferential direction

In order to reduce or even avoid this wear effect, it is provided to insert into the recesses 11 in each case one outlet nozzle 10 separately formed wear protection element 12, which preferably from the outlet openings 10 or from just behind the outlet openings 10 to the outer periphery of the drum shell 1 or extends beyond.

The wear protection elements 12 are formed here in an advantageous and easily producible manner as a plate-like body, which are each provided on the outside in the mounting position side with a kind of groove or groove 13, which in the mounting position of Fig. 1 and 2 points outward and advantageously serves as a guide and exit channel for the product phase emerging from the centrifugal drum 1 at an angle α + β to the radial direction R.

The centrifugal drum is protected by the wear protection elements 12 in the region of the recess 11 in a simple yet effective manner against wear.

The assembly of the wear protection elements 12 on the drum shell 1 by means of screws 14 and mutually corresponding groove / spring elements between the drum shell 1 and the wear protection elements 1. Thus, it is possible to provide the wear protection element 12 with a kind of integrally molded base plate 17 whose outer Edges as springs 15, 16 in two opposing grooves (indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 1b ) can be inserted in the lateral base region of the recess 11.

The wear protection elements 12 can be easily replaced in case of damage or own wear. In this way, u.U. also the life of the centrifugal drum itself be increased. Emphasize as special advantages and their ease of use and their basic suitability for retrofitting to existing centrifugal drums.

The bottom of the semi-cylindrical groove 13 is located at a distance b (in Fig. 1 it corresponds to the distance x) to Outlet opening 10 of the outlet nozzle 11 is offset inwardly, wherein the channel 13 may be aligned completely or in sections parallel or at an angle which is smaller than 30 °, in particular less than 20 °, at an angle to the second bore section 9 and to the outlet opening 10.

A first region 18 of the channel 13 preferably extends parallel to the second bore section 9 adjacent to the outlet opening 10, whose orientation is inclined by an angle α + β of less than 90 ° (here about 80 °, preferably between 70 and 85 °) to the radial direction also predetermines the exit angle of the product phase from the centrifugal drum, and a second area 19 is aligned somewhat further to the radial direction (angle β), so that a kind of ramp 20 with a maximum height x above the bottom of the channel 13 is formed in the end area of the channel 13 which directs the part of the product stream impinging here somewhat further radially outwards and acts as a brake on this part of the product flow, which can have an advantageous effect during operation of the separator.

The wear protection elements 12 are suitable both for sleeve body 3 in the manner of Fig. 1 which terminate flush with the inside of the drum shell 1, as well as for sleeve body 3, which according to the type of Fig. 3 project something into the interior of the centrifugal drum 1, so that can form deposits around the sleeve body 3, which may have an advantageous effect on the product processing in certain products.

In FIG. 1 and 3 extend the wear protection elements 12 from the outlet openings 10 to the outer edge of the recesses 11, so that the entire region of the recesses is protected against wear.

The ramps 20 as demolition edges extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel over less than half its length, in particular over a distance of up to 20mm, according to a preferred variant even only over a distance of 1-5 mm. The height x (here in Fig. 1 x = b) of these edges or ramps is preferably also 1-10 mm. For accurate dimensioning, it is recommended to consider the influence of the diameter of the drum.

Preferably, the bottom of the channel 13 is located just below the outlet opening 10. The distance between the outlet opening and the bottom of the channel can - as well as their diameter - affect the way the product flow outlet. In Fig. 3 the height x is significantly smaller than the distance b, so that the solid flows partly directly over the edge of the ramp 20. In addition, the length of the wear protection elements 20 in the circumferential direction is less than in Fig. 1 ,

The geometry of the transition between the ramp 20 and the rest of the channel 13 may be arcuate or jumpy. It can also follow the geometry of a circular or exponential function. Preferably, the inclination of the ramp to the discharge direction of the solid from the outlet opening increases away.

In the extension of the channel, the geometry of the wear protection elements 12 is adapted to the curvature of the drum shell 1, to ensure even here a protection.

According to the embodiment of Fig. 5 the ramps 20 are radially outward beyond the outer circumference or largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, which further leads the product flow to the outside and helps to prevent it from touching the drum shell. It is virtually a kind of undercut 23 and an undercut tear-off edge formed.

In addition, the ramps are more or less the same Fig. 5 formed in the manner of a "ski jump", ie, they have in a first region 24 an angle α> 0 to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 10 and in the adjoining further region 25 a larger angle α + c (α>0;c> 0) to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 3.

The same applies to Fig. 6 , Here, however, the ramps protrude even further beyond the outer circumference of the drum or the diameter to the outside.

Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a centrifuge according to the type Fig. 1 , In particular, the double conical geometry of the centrifugal drum or the drum shell 1 with the holes 4 in the region of the largest diameter or in the region of the transition from the lower conical section to the upper conical section of the drum shell 1, wherein the outlet nozzles 2 and the sleeve body 3rd have an external thread, so that they can be screwed from the outside into the holes 4 with a corresponding internal thread. Also clearly visible are the separately formed wear protection elements 12 with their groove or gutter. Against the direction of rotation, one of the wear protection elements is provided behind each outlet nozzle. FIG. 10 shows a corresponding side view of the centrifugal drum or drum shell 1. <B> reference numerals </ b> drum shell 1 vents 2 sleeve body 3 drilling 4 Drum interior 5 Drum outer space 6 drilling 7 bore sections 8, 9 discharge opening 10 recess 11 Wear protection elements 12 groove 13 screw 14 feathers 15, 16 baseplate 17 areas 18, 19 ramp 20 recesses 21 seals 22 undercut 23 areas 24, 25 ramps 26, 27 drum 28 diameter D1, D2 radial direction R route a, b, x corner α, β, c

Claims (18)

1. Separator, comprising a centrifugal basket (28) which has a vertical axis of rotation and is of single or double conical construction, and which has a basket shell (1) which is provided with at least one or more solids discharge nozzles (2), wherein the solids discharge nozzles (2) are inserted into the centrifugal basket (19) from the outside in the region of the largest diameter of said basket, characterized in that

   - in each case at least one wear protection device is arranged and/or constructed on the exterior basket shell (1) in the area of the solids discharge nozzles (2),

   - with the wear protection devices being constructed as separate wear protection elements (12), and

   - with one of the separate wear protection elements (12) - viewed against the rotating direction - being arranged behind each discharge nozzle (2),

   - with the wear protection elements (12) consisting of a wear-resistant material, such as a steel or a hard metal or of a ceramic material or of a combination or a composite of these materials, or are coated with such a material,

   - the discharge nozzles (2) have discharge openings (10) oriented at an angle (α + β) inclined with respect to the radial direction (R), and that the angle (α + β) between the radial direction (R) in the area of the discharge nozzles and the orientation of the discharge openings (10) is equal to or smaller than 90°,

   - with the discharge openings (10) being arranged offset toward the interior by a distance relative to the largest outer periphery or outside diameter of the centrifugal basket (28), and in each case one recess (11) is constructed as an extension of the discharge openings (10) in the basket shell (1), which receive the wear protection elements (12),

   - with the wear protection elements (12) extending from the discharge openings (10) to the outer edge of the basket shell (1), and

   - the wear protection elements (12) are fastened to the basket shell (1) by means of screws (14) and mutually corresponding groove and tongue elements (15, 16) between the basket shell (1) and the wear protection element (12).
2. Separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the orientation angle (α + β) of the discharge openings (10) with respect to the radial direction (R) is between 70 and 85°.
3. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements (12) are constructed as plate-type bodies which are provided on their exterior side with a groove or a channel (13), which are used as a discharge channel for a product phase exiting from the centrifugal basket (28) at an angle (α + β) with respect to the radial direction.
4. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements (12) are equipped with a base plate (17) whose outer edges, as tongues (16), can be pushed into two mutually opposite grooves (15) in the lateral base area of the recess (11).
5. Separator according to Claim 3, characterized in that the base of the channel (13) is situated by a distance (b) offset toward the interior with respect to the discharge opening (10) of the discharge nozzle (2) in the basket shell, and in that the channel (13) is angularly oriented, completely or in sections, parallel or at an angle smaller than 30°, particularly smaller than 20°, with respect to the discharge opening (10).
6. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 3 or 5, characterized in that the channel (13) changes into a ramp (20).
7. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a first area (18) of the channel (13) extends adjoining the discharge opening (10) parallel to the second bore section (9), and in that a second area (19) of the channel (13) is inclined farther toward the radial direction.
8. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) close off flush with the interior side of the basket shell (1).
9. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) project slightly into the interior of the centrifugal basket (28).
10. Separator according to Claim 6, characterized in that, as break edges, the ramps (20) extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel (13) over less than half its length, particularly over a path of up to 10 mm, preferably over 1 to 10 mm.
11. Separator according to Claim 6, characterized in that the geometry of the transition between the ramp and the channel (13) is curved or abrupt.
12. Separator according to Claim 10, characterized in that the geometry of the transition between the ramp (20, 26) and the channel (13) follows the geometry of a circle or an exponential function.
13. Separator according to Claim 8, characterized in that the inclination of the ramp (20, 26) with respect to the discharge direction of the solids increases away from the discharge opening (10).
14. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) are each inserted in the radial direction of the centrifugal basket into radially extending bores (4) in the basket shell (1).
15. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) have a bore (7) extending from the interior basket space (5) to the exterior basket space (6), these bores initially extending in a first bore section (8) with a first diameter D1 in the radial direction from the interior to the exterior and then changing into a bore section (9) which is oriented at an angle with respect to the first bore section (8) and has a smaller diameter D2 relative to the first diameter.
16. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 3 to 15, characterized in that the geometry of the wear protection elements (12) as an extension of the channel (13) is adapted to the curvature of the basket shell.
17. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements, particularly their ramps (20), project radially toward the outside beyond the outer periphery or outside diameter of the basket shell (1) of the centrifugal basket (28).
18. Separator according to Claim 17, characterized in that the ramp is constructed as an undercut break edge.

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