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EP1894883B1 - Crane vehicle - Google Patents

Crane vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1894883B1
EP1894883B1 EP07116452A EP07116452A EP1894883B1 EP 1894883 B1 EP1894883 B1 EP 1894883B1 EP 07116452 A EP07116452 A EP 07116452A EP 07116452 A EP07116452 A EP 07116452A EP 1894883 B1 EP1894883 B1 EP 1894883B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
vehicle crane
crane according
vehicle
crane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP07116452A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1894883A2 (en
EP1894883A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Wiesbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manitowoc Crane Group Germany GmbH filed Critical Manitowoc Crane Group Germany GmbH
Priority to DE502004011669T priority Critical patent/DE502004011669D1/en
Publication of EP1894883A2 publication Critical patent/EP1894883A2/en
Publication of EP1894883A3 publication Critical patent/EP1894883A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1894883B1 publication Critical patent/EP1894883B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/185—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use erecting wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/342—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes with telescopic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/344—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes adapted for transport purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/348—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes the erection being operated by jacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82—Luffing gear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle crane, in particular a mobile, car or crawler crane.
  • Tower cranes have a vertical tower standing on a substructure, which is usually designed as a lattice framework, and although they are used, for example, on construction sites, e.g. be movable by means of a track undercarriage - not designed as a vehicle movable in normal traffic.
  • mobile cranes are self-propelled road vehicles that are currently being designed for mobile use.
  • Mobile cranes consist of a chassis comprising the chassis and a superstructure rotatable on the undercarriage, comprising a slewing gear and a jib.
  • the boom can be designed as a telescopic boom in box construction or as a lattice boom.
  • a crane according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from FR-A-1 434 262 known.
  • the DE 27 48 340 A1 describes a climbing crane whose bottom tower shot is connected to the transport to the place of use with a console and is separated at the place of use of this console.
  • From the DE-A 1 267 394 and the JP-A-2004224520 Crane towers are known, which are hinged on a mobile base and can be tilted.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a particular suitable for the installation of wind turbines vehicle crane, which has the lowest possible total weight and can be made ready for use as quickly as possible to keep in this way the Kruutzungs surge as low as possible, but at the carrying capacity or lifting capacity no cuts should be made.
  • the inventive concept of a top-rotating structure with vertical tower and attached boom means a departure from the Previously pursued in mobile cranes design principle, according to which the slewing is at the height of the chassis and the telescopic or trained as a lattice truss mast because of the necessary stability in each operating position inclined to the vertical and provided with a co-rotating counterweight.
  • the slewing is at the height of the chassis and the telescopic or trained as a lattice truss mast because of the necessary stability in each operating position inclined to the vertical and provided with a co-rotating counterweight.
  • a compulsory discharge In the vehicle crane according to the invention is such, for mobile cranes typical forced discharge due to the vertical tower does not exist.
  • the inventive concept of a non-rotating vertical tower offers a variety of advantages.
  • designing the vehicle crane according to the invention as a head turner opens up advantageous possibilities for an optionally required additional securing or stabilization of the tower and also makes it possible to realize a particularly simple concept for erecting the tower. This will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the boom is a component of a particular transportable as a whole assembly which in addition to the boom in particular a slewing, a luffing, a pulley with lower block and upper pulley and optionally a crane cab and all necessary for this drive means comprises.
  • This assembly comprising the boom can be referred to as a superstructure, although understood in conventional vehicle cranes under the term "superstructure" the entire structure directly on the chassis also referred to as the undercarriage.
  • additional security or stabilization measures can be provided for the tower, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • such measures then contribute, to a much lesser extent, to the overall crane weight than the counterweights of conventional mobile cranes.
  • one or more additional counterweights are used.
  • counterweights e.g. at least one already existing, coupled for this purpose to the chassis of the vehicle crane according to the invention auxiliary vehicle or auxiliary crane can be used.
  • the invention proposes that a support is provided for the tower.
  • the support comprises a plurality of floor supports distributed around the tower.
  • the weight of the tower and the support can be coordinated so that no additional counterweight is required.
  • a pot- or cup-shaped tower receptacle is provided for the lower end of the tower, which connects two spaced chassis parts together.
  • the tower mount forms a part of the chassis.
  • the tower receptacle is connected to a tower support.
  • the inclusion of the tower is used at the same time for its support.
  • the invention proposes that the tower is self-righting.
  • at least two variable-length adjustment devices are provided which engage at spaced apart along the tower positions.
  • the tower is by means of a first adjusting device acting at a distance from the lower tower end from a substantially horizontal transport position in an inclined position and by means of a in the area of the lower tower end attacking second adjustment from the inclined position in the vertical working position can be transferred. It is preferably provided that the tower is forcibly guided in the region of its lower end, in particular in an at least approximately horizontal direction.
  • the erecting principle according to the invention in which the tower is not simply pivoted about an axis fixed relative to the chassis, but rather the pivoting movement of the tower is superimposed on a preferably approximately horizontal translational movement, advantageously making it possible to adjust the transport position of the tower relative to the tower Chassis optimally tune to the transport needs, without being set to the required or required for the vertical working position of the lower tower end.
  • the tower can be erected with an attached trailer.
  • the tower can be erected with attached boom either alone under its own power or with the assistance of external auxiliary equipment.
  • a retaining device designed in particular as a rigid link which holds the arm mounted on the tower in an angle-adjustable manner during erection, regardless of the inclination of the tower in an at least approximately horizontal position.
  • the tower when erecting to a certain extent even ensures that the patch boom remains despite the erecting of the tower increasingly magnifying angle between the tower and boom at least within certain limits in a respective desired position with respect to the chassis.
  • This desired position of the cantilever can also deviate from a horizontal position, although a substantially horizontal orientation of the cantilever is preferred.
  • Fig. 1 shows in three different views a part of a vehicle crane according to the invention.
  • the in Fig. 1 The part shown is part of a road transport approved first transport unit comprising a semitrailer, not shown, and a chassis with a coupled to the semitrailer front chassis part 23 a and a rear chassis part 23b includes.
  • the chassis a the two chassis parts 23a, 23b interconnecting, cup-shaped tower mount 21 is firmly integrated.
  • the tower receptacle 21 which is provided with a plurality of connection points 41 for attachment of a tower support explained in more detail below, serves to receive the lower end of a in Fig. 1 In this transport position, the tower 11 extends across the tower receptacle 21 away and rests on the chassis 23a, 23b.
  • the tower 11 comprises at its free end a head 45, on which a in Fig. 1 not shown assembly can be placed, which comprises a boom and is also referred to below as the superstructure.
  • a first adjusting device 27 comprises a piston / cylinder pair which is articulated on the one hand on the rear chassis part 23b and on the other at a location remote from the lower end of the tower at the lower tower segment 35 is, in the lying transport position on its side facing away from the chassis upper side.
  • a second adjusting device 29 comprises a substantially parallel to the horizontal tower 11 extending piston / cylinder arrangement whose cylinder is articulated with a front end to an attachment point 59 on the front chassis part 23a.
  • the front end 61 of the piston of the piston / cylinder assembly 29 is in the region of the rear end of the tower receptacle 21.
  • the front end of the piston 61 is connected to the lower end of the tower, at the transport position shown in the chassis lower side facing.
  • Fig. 1 To erect the tower 11 is also an in Fig. 1 Not shown holding device provided in the form of a rigid arm, which is also explained in more detail below.
  • the handlebar is attached with one end to the front end of the piston 61 and supports with its other end from the set up of the tower 11 on the head 45 superstructure from.
  • a substantially horizontally extending positive guide 43 is provided for the lower turret end, which comprises two parallel spaced slots or elongated holes into which the lower turret end engages with corresponding guide projections from the inside.
  • Fig. 2 shows the aforementioned handlebar 25 connected to the front piston end 61 state.
  • the handlebar 25 extends parallel to the tower 11 and is angled upwards in its pushed together at the tower 11 over the head 45 end portion.
  • Fig. 2 In addition, four star support for the vehicle crane or its tower 11 forming extendable floor supports 17 are shown.
  • the floor supports 17 are connected to the above-mentioned connection points 41 with the tower receptacle 21. At their end regions remote from the tower receptacle 21, the floor supports 17 are each provided on one side with a support foot 49 and on the other with two overhead winches 47, which have a braking mechanism based, for example, on a pawl or latching principle.
  • the winches 47 are part of a tower bracing explained in more detail below, which is not the subject of the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows the vehicle crane according to the invention with attached superstructure 39.
  • the transported on a further truck, not shown, and thus a second approved for road transport unit uppercarriage 39 has a boom 13 which comprises a telescopic mast with four mast segments 65, 67, 69 in this embodiment , namely an upper pole segment 65 with a lower bottle, not shown, two further inner segments or inner boxes 67 and a lower mast segment 69, which is connected to Wipptechnik 55 and slewing 15.
  • the uppercarriage 39 in this embodiment comprises a crane cab 53, the drive means for the slewing gear 15 and the luffing gear 55 and hoisting winches.
  • the rigid arm 25 is hinged to the free end of its angled end portion to the rear end portion of the upper carriage 39.
  • Fig. 4 To erect the tower 11 with attached superstructure 39 is first according to Fig. 4
  • the tower 11 By means of the first adjusting device 27, the tower 11 is transferred from its horizontal transport position into the illustrated inclined position, in which the tower 11 is inclined, for example, at about 45 ° relative to the vertical. Up to this point, the erection movement of the tower 11 is a pure pivotal movement about an axis 71 at the one end of the positive guide 43 for the lower tower end.
  • the second adjustment device 29 In the position according to Fig. 4 Thus, the second adjustment device 29 is still in the retracted state.
  • Fig. 4 is the already mentioned above, in the Fig. 1 to 3 at least largely hidden Switzerlandgestfite or yoke 81 shown.
  • the rigid arm 25 always holds the boom 13 in an at least substantially horizontal position, despite the tower inclination that changes during erection.
  • the inner segment package of the telescopic mast of the boom 13 is according to Fig. 4 extended, whereby the center of gravity of the boom 13 and upper carriage 39 of the pivot axis 73 between uppercarriage 39 and tower 11 is shifted away to the front.
  • the tower 11 In the in Fig. 5 illustrated state, the tower 11 is in the fully erect condition in which it extends in the vertical direction.
  • a star-shaped bracing 19 which is not the subject of the invention.
  • two guy ropes 19 which are wound on the fortified on the floor supports 17 winds 47, with their free ends at different Tower segments attached, respectively in the upper edge region of the segment.
  • Clamping devices for tensioning the cables 19 are integrated in the floor supports 17.
  • the transferred in the manner described above after placing the upper carriage 39 in the vertical working position, supported and guyed tower 11 can now be telescoped after releasing the connection between the rigid arm 25 and upper carriage 39 to the respective desired working length, as in Fig. 7a is shown.
  • the guy ropes 19 are unwound from the winches 47 in accordance with the increasing tower height and can be kept under tension at all times.
  • Simultaneously with the extension of the tower 11 or after reaching the respective working length of the tower 11 of the telescopic mast of the boom 13 can be extended and brought by the luffing 55 in the desired angular position relative to the tower 11 to the mast top in the desired working position with respect to height and reach bring to.
  • the mobile crane is ready for use.
  • Fig. 7b schematically shows the vehicle crane in the immediate vicinity of a tower 57 of a wind turbine to be built.
  • a significant advantage of the vehicle crane is that the crane can be positioned relatively close to the tower 57 of the wind turbine due to its vertical tower 11.
  • the fiction, contemporary vehicle crane is in principle arbitrarily scalable in terms of its interpretation, in particular with respect to the dimensions and weight of its components.
  • the vehicle crane according to the invention is designed so that it is suitable for the construction of wind turbines.
  • the tower 11 has a weight of about 60t and a length in extended state of about 70m, wherein the uppercarriage 39 has a weight of about 60t and the boom 13 in the extended state has a length of about 60m.
  • the span of the star-shaped support 17, i. the length of the floor supports in the extended state, is in each case about 18m.
  • Future wind turbines will have a hub height of about 145m and lifting loads on the order of 240t, according to existing plans. Also, such wind turbines can be easily installed with a relation to the above-mentioned interpretation according to the invention enlarged vehicle crane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrzeugkran, insbesondere einen Mobil-, Auto- oder Raupenkran.The invention relates to a vehicle crane, in particular a mobile, car or crawler crane.

In der Krantechnologie unterscheidet man gemäß einer gängigen Einteilung zwischen Turmdrehkranen oder Turmkranen einerseits und Fahrzeugkranen andererseits.In crane technology, a distinction is made according to a common classification between tower cranes or tower cranes on the one hand and mobile cranes on the other.

Turmdrehkrane besitzen einen auf einem Unterbau stehenden vertikalen Turm, der meist als Gitterfachwerk ausgebildet ist, und sind - obwohl sie beispielsweise auf Baustellen z.B. mittels eines Gleisfahrwerkes bewegbar sein können - nicht als im normalen Straßenverkehr bewegbare Fahrzeuge konzipiert. Dagegen handelt es sich bei Fahrzeugkranen um selbstfahrende Straßenfahrzeuge, die gerade für den mobilen Einsatz gedacht sind.Tower cranes have a vertical tower standing on a substructure, which is usually designed as a lattice framework, and although they are used, for example, on construction sites, e.g. be movable by means of a track undercarriage - not designed as a vehicle movable in normal traffic. By contrast, mobile cranes are self-propelled road vehicles that are currently being designed for mobile use.

Fahrzeugkrane bestehen aus einem das Fahrgestell umfassenden Unterwagen und einem auf dem Unterwagen drehbaren Oberwagen, der ein Drehwerk und einen Ausleger umfasst. Der Ausleger kann als Teleskopausleger in Kastenbauweise oder als Gittermastausleger ausgebildet sein.Mobile cranes consist of a chassis comprising the chassis and a superstructure rotatable on the undercarriage, comprising a slewing gear and a jib. The boom can be designed as a telescopic boom in box construction or as a lattice boom.

An Krane werden zunehmend höhere Anforderungen gestellt, und zwar sowohl hinsichtlich der Tragkraft oder Hebekapazität als auch hinsichtlich der Höhe, in welche die Lasten gehoben werden müssen.Cranes are increasingly demanding, both in terms of capacity or lifting capacity and in terms of the height in which the loads must be lifted.

Als Einsatzgebiet für Krane gewinnt die Errichtung von Windkraftanlagen immer mehr an Bedeutung, da ein Trend hin zu immer leistungsfähigeren Windkraftanlagen besteht, die damit nicht nur höhere, sondern auch schwerere Komponenten aufweisen.As a field of application for cranes, the construction of wind turbines is becoming increasingly important, as there is a trend towards ever more powerful wind turbines, which not only have higher, but also heavier components.

Problematisch bei der Errichtung von Windkraftanlagen mittels Kranen sind der damit verbundene logistische Aufwand und die nicht zuletzt durch praktisch nicht verhinderbare Flurschäden mit verursachten hohen Kosten, denn für den Aufbau existierender Fahrzeugkrane, die für die Errichtung großer Windkraftanlagen benötigt werden, müssen aufgrund des immensen Krangesamtgewichts derzeit eine Vielzahl einzelner Schwerlasttransporte an die meist entlegenen Aufstellorte der Windkraftanlagen durchgeführt werden.The problem with the construction of wind turbines by means of cranes are the associated logistical effort and not least by virtually unavoidable ground damage caused high costs, because for the construction of existing mobile cranes, which are needed for the construction of large wind turbines, currently due to the immense crane weight a variety of individual heavy load transports to the most remote installation sites of wind turbines are performed.

Ein Kran gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der FR-A-1 434 262 bekannt. Die DE 27 48 340 A1 beschreibt einen Kletterkran, dessen unterster Turmschuss beim Transport zum Einsatzort mit einer Konsole verbunden ist und am Einsatzort von dieser Konsole getrennt wird. Aus der DE-A 1 267 394 und der JP-A-2004224520 sind Krantürme bekannt, die gelenkig auf einem mobilen Unterteil befestigt sind und gekippt werden können.A crane according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from FR-A-1 434 262 known. The DE 27 48 340 A1 describes a climbing crane whose bottom tower shot is connected to the transport to the place of use with a console and is separated at the place of use of this console. From the DE-A 1 267 394 and the JP-A-2004224520 Crane towers are known, which are hinged on a mobile base and can be tilted.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen insbesondere für das Aufstellen von Windkraftanlagen geeigneten Fahrzeugkran zu schaffen, der ein möglichst geringes Gesamtgewicht aufweist und möglichst schnell betriebsbereit gemacht werden kann, um auf diese Weise die Krannutzungskosten möglichst gering zu halten, wobei aber bei der Tragkraft oder Hebekapazität keine Abstriche gemacht werden sollen.The object of the invention is to provide a particular suitable for the installation of wind turbines vehicle crane, which has the lowest possible total weight and can be made ready for use as quickly as possible to keep in this way the Kruutzungskosten as low as possible, but at the carrying capacity or lifting capacity no cuts should be made.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.The solution of this object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Konzept eines oben drehenden Aufbaus mit vertikalem Turm und aufgesetztem Ausleger bedeutet eine Abkehr von dem bislang bei Fahrzeugkranen verfolgten Konstruktionsprinzip, wonach sich das Drehwerk in Höhe des Fahrgestells befindet und der teleskopierbare oder als Gitterfachwerk ausgebildete Mast wegen der notwendigen Standsicherheit in jeder Betriebsstellung zur Vertikalen geneigt und mit einem mitdrehenden Gegengewicht versehen ist. Man spricht in diesem Zusammenhang auch von einer Zwangsausladung. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkran ist eine solche, für Fahrzeugkrane bislang typische Zwangsausladung aufgrund des vertikalen Turmes nicht vorhanden.The inventive concept of a top-rotating structure with vertical tower and attached boom means a departure from the Previously pursued in mobile cranes design principle, according to which the slewing is at the height of the chassis and the telescopic or trained as a lattice truss mast because of the necessary stability in each operating position inclined to the vertical and provided with a co-rotating counterweight. One speaks in this context of a compulsory discharge. In the vehicle crane according to the invention is such, for mobile cranes typical forced discharge due to the vertical tower does not exist.

Es hat sich überraschend herausgestellt, dass das erfindungsgemäße Konzept eines nicht drehenden vertikalen Turmes eine Vielzahl von Vorteilen bietet. Insbesondere lässt sich, da wegen der fehlenden Zwangsausladung keine Gegenmaßnahmen z.B. in Form schwerer Gegengewichte getroffen werden müssen, ein vergleichsweise niedriges - bezogen auf die Tragkraft bzw. Hebekapazität- Krangesamtgewicht realisieren, was sich vorteilhaft auf die Mobilität auswirkt, da nur eine relativ kleine Anzahl von Einzeltransporten erforderlich ist.It has surprisingly been found that the inventive concept of a non-rotating vertical tower offers a variety of advantages. In particular, since there are no countermeasures because of the lack of compulsory discharge, for example. have to be taken in the form of heavy counterweights, a comparatively low - based on the carrying capacity or lifting capacity - realize crane gross weight, which has an advantageous effect on mobility, since only a relatively small number of individual transports is required.

Den erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkran als Obendreher auszulegen, eröffnet des Weiteren vorteilhafte Möglichkeiten für eine gegebenenfalls erforderliche zusätzliche Sicherung bzw. Stabilisierung des Turmes und ermöglicht ferner die Realisierung eines besonders einfachen Konzeptes zum Aufrichten des Turmes. Hierauf wird nachstehend näher eingegangen.Furthermore, designing the vehicle crane according to the invention as a head turner opens up advantageous possibilities for an optionally required additional securing or stabilization of the tower and also makes it possible to realize a particularly simple concept for erecting the tower. This will be discussed in more detail below.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind auch in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are also indicated in the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.

Gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Ausleger ein Bestandteil einer insbesondere als Ganzes transportierbaren Baugruppe, die zusätzlich zu dem Ausleger insbesondere ein Drehwerk, ein Wippwerk, einen Flaschenzug mit Unterflasche und oberem Rollenzug und gegebenenfalls eine Kranführerkabine sowie alle hierfür erforderlichen Antriebseinrichtungen umfasst. Diese den Ausleger umfassende Baugruppe kann insofern als Oberwagen bezeichnet werden, obwohl bei herkömmlichen Fahrzeugkranen unter dem Begriff "Oberwagen" der gesamte unmittelbar auf dem auch als Unterwagen bezeichneten Fahrgestell installierte Aufbau verstanden wird.According to a further preferred embodiment, the boom is a component of a particular transportable as a whole assembly which in addition to the boom in particular a slewing, a luffing, a pulley with lower block and upper pulley and optionally a crane cab and all necessary for this drive means comprises. This assembly comprising the boom can be referred to as a superstructure, although understood in conventional vehicle cranes under the term "superstructure" the entire structure directly on the chassis also referred to as the undercarriage.

In Abhängigkeit von der konkreten Dimensionierung des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkrans können für den Turm zusätzliche Sicherungs- bzw. Stabilisierungsmaßnahmen vorgesehen werden, auf die nachstehend näher eingegangen wird. Derartige Maßnahmen tragen dann jedoch in einem wesentlich geringeren Umfang zum Krangesamtgewicht bei als die Gegengewichte herkömmlicher Fahrzeugkrane. Es ist aber nicht ausgeschlossen, dass auch bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkran insbesondere bei sehr großen Lasten bzw. Ausladungen mit einem oder mehreren zusätzlichen Gegengewichten gearbeitet wird. Als derartige Gegengewichte können z.B. wenigstens ein ohnehin vorhandenes, zu diesem Zweck an das Fahrgestell des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkranes angekoppeltes Hilfsfahrzeug bzw. Hilfskran verwendet werden.Depending on the specific dimensioning of the vehicle crane according to the invention additional security or stabilization measures can be provided for the tower, which will be discussed in more detail below. However, such measures then contribute, to a much lesser extent, to the overall crane weight than the counterweights of conventional mobile cranes. However, it is not excluded that even in the case of the vehicle crane according to the invention, in particular in the case of very large loads or discharges, one or more additional counterweights are used. As such counterweights, e.g. at least one already existing, coupled for this purpose to the chassis of the vehicle crane according to the invention auxiliary vehicle or auxiliary crane can be used.

Des Weiteren wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass für den Turm eine Abstützung vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise umfasst die Abstützung eine Mehrzahl von um den Turm herum verteilten Bodenstützen.Furthermore, the invention proposes that a support is provided for the tower. Preferably, the support comprises a plurality of floor supports distributed around the tower.

Das Eigengewicht des Turmes und die Abstützung können derart aufeinander abgestimmt sein, dass kein zusätzliches Gegengewicht erforderlich ist.The weight of the tower and the support can be coordinated so that no additional counterweight is required.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist für das untere Ende des Turmes eine topf- oder napfförmige Turmaufnahme vorgesehen, die zwei beabstandete Fahrgestellteile miteinander verbindet. Hierdurch bildet die Turmaufnahme einen Bestandteil des Fahrgestells. Bei in Transportlage befindlichem Turm ist dessen unteres Ende von der Turmaufnahme getrennt. Diese Trennung von Turm und Turmaufnahme ermöglicht einen Transport mit auf dem Fahrgestell liegendem Turm.According to the invention, a pot- or cup-shaped tower receptacle is provided for the lower end of the tower, which connects two spaced chassis parts together. As a result, the tower mount forms a part of the chassis. When the tower is in transport position, its lower end is separated from the tower mount. This separation of tower and tower mount allows transport with lying on the chassis tower.

Des Weiteren ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass die Turmaufnahme mit einer Turmabstützung verbunden ist. Hierdurch wird die Aufnahme des Turmes gleichzeitig für dessen Abstützung genutzt.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the tower receptacle is connected to a tower support. As a result, the inclusion of the tower is used at the same time for its support.

Des Weiteren wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass der Turm selbstaufrichtend ausgebildet ist. Dabei sind gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung zum Aufrichten des Turmes wenigstens zwei längenveränderliche Verstelleinrichtungen vorgesehen, die an längs des Turmes beabstandeten Positionen angreifen.Furthermore, the invention proposes that the tower is self-righting. In this case, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention for erecting the tower at least two variable-length adjustment devices are provided which engage at spaced apart along the tower positions.

Insbesondere ist der Turm mittels einer mit Abstand vom unteren Turmende angreifenden ersten Verstelleinrichtung aus einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Transportlage in eine Schräglage und mittels einer im Bereich des unteren Turmendes angreifenden zweiten Verstelleinrichtung aus der Schräglage in die vertikale Arbeitsstellung überführbar. Dabei ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der Turm im Bereich seines unteren Endes zwangsgeführt ist, und zwar insbesondere in einer zumindest näherungsweise horizontalen Richtung.In particular, the tower is by means of a first adjusting device acting at a distance from the lower tower end from a substantially horizontal transport position in an inclined position and by means of a in the area of the lower tower end attacking second adjustment from the inclined position in the vertical working position can be transferred. It is preferably provided that the tower is forcibly guided in the region of its lower end, in particular in an at least approximately horizontal direction.

Das erfindungsgemäße Aufrichtprinzip, bei dem zum Aufrichten des Turmes dieser nicht einfach um eine bezüglich des Fahrgestells ortsfeste Achse verschwenkt wird, sondern der Schwenkbewegung des Turmes außerdem eine bevorzugt etwa horizontal verlaufende Translationsbewegung überlagert ist, ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise, die Transportposition des Turmes bezüglich des Fahrgestells optimal auf die Transportbelange abzustimmen, ohne hierbei auf die für die vertikale Arbeitsstellung erforderliche oder gewünschte Position des unteren Turmendes festgelegt zu sein.The erecting principle according to the invention, in which the tower is not simply pivoted about an axis fixed relative to the chassis, but rather the pivoting movement of the tower is superimposed on a preferably approximately horizontal translational movement, advantageously making it possible to adjust the transport position of the tower relative to the tower Chassis optimally tune to the transport needs, without being set to the required or required for the vertical working position of the lower tower end.

Das Vorsehen der gewissermaßen "bordeigenen" Einrichtungen zum Aufrichten des Turmes schließt nicht aus, dass insbesondere bei Auslegung des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkrans für sehr hohe Hebekapazitäten das Aufrichten des Turmes durch eine externe Hilfseinrichtung insbesondere in Form eines Hilfskrans unterstützt wird.The provision of the so-called "on-board" facilities for erecting the tower does not exclude that especially when designing the vehicle crane according to the invention for very high lifting capacity, the erection of the tower is supported by an external auxiliary device, in particular in the form of an auxiliary crane.

Gemäß einem weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist der Turm mit aufgesetztem Aufleger aufrichtbar. In Abhängigkeit von der Dimensionierung des Turmes sowie des Auslegers kann der Turm mit aufgesetztem Ausleger entweder alleine aus eigener Kraft oder mit Unterstützung durch externe Hilfseinrichtungen aufgerichtet werden.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the tower can be erected with an attached trailer. Depending on the dimensions of the tower and the boom, the tower can be erected with attached boom either alone under its own power or with the assistance of external auxiliary equipment.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung eine insbesondere als starrer Lenker ausgebildete Halteeinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die den winkelverstellbar auf den Turm aufgesetzten Ausleger beim Aufrichten unabhängig von der Turmneigung in einer zumindest näherungsweise horizontalen Lage hält. Hierdurch sorgt der Turm beim Aufrichten gewissermaßen selbst dafür, dass der aufgesetzte Ausleger trotz des sich beim Aufrichten des Turmes zunehmend vergrößernden Winkels zwischen Turm und Ausleger zumindest innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen in einer jeweils gewünschten Lage bezüglich des Fahrgestells bleibt. Diese Solllage des Auslegers kann auch von einer Horizontallage abweichen, wobei allerdings eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Ausrichtung des Auslegers bevorzugt ist.It is particularly preferred if, in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention, a retaining device designed in particular as a rigid link is provided, which holds the arm mounted on the tower in an angle-adjustable manner during erection, regardless of the inclination of the tower in an at least approximately horizontal position. As a result, the tower when erecting to a certain extent even ensures that the patch boom remains despite the erecting of the tower increasingly magnifying angle between the tower and boom at least within certain limits in a respective desired position with respect to the chassis. This desired position of the cantilever can also deviate from a horizontal position, although a substantially horizontal orientation of the cantilever is preferred.

Durch die Erfindung können folglich die bislang insbesondere für die Errichtung großer Windkraftanlagen zu veranschlagenden Krannutzungskosten beträchtlich reduziert werden.As a result of the invention, it is thus possible to considerably reduce the crane utilization costs previously to be estimated in particular for the erection of large wind power plants.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1 - 7
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkrans in verschiedenen Aufbauphasen,
Fig. 8
einen Fahrzeugkran gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, und
Fig. 9
eine Weiterbildung des Fahrzeugkranes von Fig. 8.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1-7
An embodiment of a vehicle crane according to the invention in various stages of construction,
Fig. 8
a vehicle crane according to another embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 9
a development of the vehicle crane of Fig. 8.

Fig. 1 zeigt in drei unterschiedlichen Ansichten einen Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkrans. Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Teil ist Bestandteil einer für den Straßenverkehr zugelassenen ersten Transporteinheit, die einen nicht dargestellten Sattelschlepper sowie ein Fahrgestell mit einem an den Sattelschlepper koppelbaren vorderen Fahrgestellteil 23a und einem hinteren Fahrgestellteil 23b umfasst. In das Fahrgestell ist eine die beiden Fahrgestellteile 23a, 23b miteinander verbindende, topfförmige Turmaufnahme 21 fest integriert. Fig. 1 shows in three different views a part of a vehicle crane according to the invention. The in Fig. 1 The part shown is part of a road transport approved first transport unit comprising a semitrailer, not shown, and a chassis with a coupled to the semitrailer front chassis part 23 a and a rear chassis part 23b includes. In the chassis a the two chassis parts 23a, 23b interconnecting, cup-shaped tower mount 21 is firmly integrated.

Die Turmaufnahme 21, die mit einer Mehrzahl von Verbindungsstellen 41 zur Anbringung einer nachstehend näher erläuterten Turmabstützung versehen ist, dient zur Aufnahme des unteren Endes eines in Fig. 1 in seiner liegenden Transportstellung gezeigten Turmes 11. In dieser Transportstellung erstreckt sich der Turm 11 quer über die Turmaufnahme 21 hinweg und liegt auf dem Fahrgestell 23a, 23b auf.The tower receptacle 21, which is provided with a plurality of connection points 41 for attachment of a tower support explained in more detail below, serves to receive the lower end of a in Fig. 1 In this transport position, the tower 11 extends across the tower receptacle 21 away and rests on the chassis 23a, 23b.

Der Turm 11 umfasst an seinem freien Ende einen Kopf 45, auf den eine in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellte Baugruppe aufsetzbar ist, die einen Ausleger umfasst und im Folgenden auch als Oberwagen bezeichnet wird.The tower 11 comprises at its free end a head 45, on which a in Fig. 1 not shown assembly can be placed, which comprises a boom and is also referred to below as the superstructure.

Zum an anderer Stelle näher beschriebenen Aufrichten des Turmes 11 dienen zwei ebenfalls nachstehend näher erläuterte Verstelleinrichtungen 27, 29.For erection of the tower 11, which is described in more detail elsewhere, two adjustment devices 27, 29, which are also explained in greater detail below, serve.

Eine erste Verstelleinrichtung 27 umfasst ein Kolben-/Zylinder-Paar, das zum einen am hinteren Fahrgestellteil 23b und zum anderen an einer vom unteren Turmende entfernten Stelle am unteren Turmsegment 35 angelenkt ist, und zwar in der liegenden Transportstellung an dessen vom Fahrgestell abgewandten oberen Seite.A first adjusting device 27 comprises a piston / cylinder pair which is articulated on the one hand on the rear chassis part 23b and on the other at a location remote from the lower end of the tower at the lower tower segment 35 is, in the lying transport position on its side facing away from the chassis upper side.

Eine zweite Verstelleinrichtung 29 umfasst eine sich im Wesentlichen parallel zum liegenden Turm 11 erstreckende Kolben-/Zylinder-Anordnung, deren Zylinder mit einem vorderen Ende an eine Befestigungsstelle 59 auf dem vorderen Fahrgestellteil 23a angelenkt ist. Im eingefahrenen Zustand liegt das vordere Ende 61 des Kolbens der Kolben-/Zylinder-Anordnung 29 im Bereich des hinteren Endes der Turmaufnahme 21. Über ein in Fig. 1 nicht dargestelltes, als Joch ausgebildetes Zuggestänge ist das vordere Kolbenende 61 mit dem unteren Turmende verbunden, und zwar an der in der dargestellten Transportstellung dem Fahrgestell zugewandten unteren Seite. Durch Ausfahren des Kolbens kann somit das untere Turmende nach hinten und über die Turmaufnahme 21 gezogen werden, worauf nachstehend näher eingegangen wird.A second adjusting device 29 comprises a substantially parallel to the horizontal tower 11 extending piston / cylinder arrangement whose cylinder is articulated with a front end to an attachment point 59 on the front chassis part 23a. In the retracted state, the front end 61 of the piston of the piston / cylinder assembly 29 is in the region of the rear end of the tower receptacle 21. About a in Fig. 1 not shown, designed as a yoke pull rod, the front end of the piston 61 is connected to the lower end of the tower, at the transport position shown in the chassis lower side facing. By extending the piston thus the lower turret end can be pulled backwards and over the tower receptacle 21, which will be discussed in more detail below.

Zum Aufrichten des Turmes 11 ist außerdem eine in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellte Halteeinrichtung in Form eines starren Lenkers vorgesehen, die ebenfalls nachstehend näher erläutert wird. Der Lenker wird mit einem Ende am vorderen Kolbenende 61 befestigt und stützt mit seinem anderen Ende den beim Aufrichten des Turmes 11 auf den Kopf 45 gesetzten Oberwagen ab.To erect the tower 11 is also an in Fig. 1 Not shown holding device provided in the form of a rigid arm, which is also explained in more detail below. The handlebar is attached with one end to the front end of the piston 61 and supports with its other end from the set up of the tower 11 on the head 45 superstructure from.

Für das untere Turmende ist des Weiteren eine sich im Wesentlichen horizontal erstreckende Zwangsführung 43 vorgesehen, die zwei parallel beabstandet verlaufende Schlitze oder Langlöcher umfasst, in welche das untere Turmende mit entsprechenden Führungsvorsprüngen von innen eingreift.Furthermore, a substantially horizontally extending positive guide 43 is provided for the lower turret end, which comprises two parallel spaced slots or elongated holes into which the lower turret end engages with corresponding guide projections from the inside.

Fig. 2 zeigt den vorstehend erwähnten Lenker 25 im mit dem vorderen Kolbenende 61 verbundenen Zustand. Der Lenker 25 erstreckt sich parallel zum Turm 11 und ist in seinem bei zusammen geschobenem Turm 11 über den Kopf 45 hinausragenden Endbereich nach oben abgewinkelt. Fig. 2 shows the aforementioned handlebar 25 connected to the front piston end 61 state. The handlebar 25 extends parallel to the tower 11 and is angled upwards in its pushed together at the tower 11 over the head 45 end portion.

In Fig. 2 sind außerdem vier eine Sternabstützung für den Fahrzeugkran bzw. dessen Turm 11 bildende ausfahrbare Bodenstützen 17 dargestellt. Die Bodenstützen 17 sind an den vorstehend bereits erwähnten Verbindungsstellen 41 mit der Turmaufnahme 21 verbunden. An ihren von der Turmaufnahme 21 entfernten Endbereichen sind die Bodenstützen 17 jeweils zum einen mit einem Stützfuß 49 und zum anderen mit zwei oben liegenden Winden 47 versehen, die einen z.B. auf einem Klinken- oder Rastprinzip basierenden Bremsmechanismus aufweisen. Die Winden 47 sind Bestandteil einer nachstehend näher erläuterten Turmabspannung, welche nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung ist.In Fig. 2 In addition, four star support for the vehicle crane or its tower 11 forming extendable floor supports 17 are shown. The floor supports 17 are connected to the above-mentioned connection points 41 with the tower receptacle 21. At their end regions remote from the tower receptacle 21, the floor supports 17 are each provided on one side with a support foot 49 and on the other with two overhead winches 47, which have a braking mechanism based, for example, on a pawl or latching principle. The winches 47 are part of a tower bracing explained in more detail below, which is not the subject of the invention.

Fig. 3 zeigt den erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkran mit aufgesetztem Oberwagen 39. Der auf einem nicht dargestellten weiteren Lkw transportierte und somit einer zweiten für den Straßenverkehr zugelassenen Transporteinheit zugeordnete Oberwagen 39 weist einen Ausleger 13 auf, der einen Teleskopmast mit in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel vier Mastsegmenten 65, 67, 69 umfasst, nämlich einem oberen Mastsegment 65 mit einer nicht dargestellten Unterflasche, zwei weiteren Innensegmenten oder Innenkästen 67 sowie einem unteren Mastsegment 69, welches mit Wippwerk 55 und Drehwerk 15 verbunden ist. Zusätzlich zu dem Ausleger 13 umfasst der Oberwagen 39 in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel eine Kranführerkabine 53, die Antriebseinrichtungen für das Drehwerk 15 und das Wippwerk 55 sowie Hubwinden. Fig. 3 shows the vehicle crane according to the invention with attached superstructure 39. The transported on a further truck, not shown, and thus a second approved for road transport unit uppercarriage 39 has a boom 13 which comprises a telescopic mast with four mast segments 65, 67, 69 in this embodiment , namely an upper pole segment 65 with a lower bottle, not shown, two further inner segments or inner boxes 67 and a lower mast segment 69, which is connected to Wippwerk 55 and slewing 15. In addition to the boom 13, the uppercarriage 39 in this embodiment comprises a crane cab 53, the drive means for the slewing gear 15 and the luffing gear 55 and hoisting winches.

Der starre Lenker 25 ist mit dem freien Ende seines abgewinkelten Endbereiches an den hinteren Endbereich des Oberwagens 39 angelenkt.The rigid arm 25 is hinged to the free end of its angled end portion to the rear end portion of the upper carriage 39.

In der Stellung gemäß Fig. 3 ist der Oberwagen 39 lediglich einseitig mit dem Kopf 45 um eine Achse 73 schwenkbar gelenkig verbunden, so dass beim nachstehend beschriebenen Aufrichten des Turmes 11 eine Winkelverstellung zwischen Oberwagen 39 bzw. Ausleger 13 einerseits und Turm 11 andererseits möglich ist.In the position according to Fig. 3 is the upper carriage 39 pivotally connected only on one side with the head 45 about an axis 73, so that in the erection of the tower 11 described below, an angular displacement between the uppercarriage 39 and boom 13 on the one hand and tower 11 on the other hand is possible.

Zum Aufrichten des Turmes 11 mit aufgesetztem Oberwagen 39 wird zunächst gemäß Fig. 4 mittels der ersten Verstelleinrichtung 27 der Turm 11 aus seiner horizontalen Transportlage in die dargestellte Schräglage überführt, in welcher der Turm 11 beispielsweise etwa 45° gegenüber der Vertikalen geneigt ist. Bis hierhin ist die Aufrichtbewegung des Turmes 11 eine reine Schwenkbewegung um eine Achse 71 an dem einen Ende der Zwangsführung 43 für das untere Turmende. In der Stellung gemäß Fig. 4 befindet sich die zweite Verstelleinrichtung 29 also immer noch im eingefahrenen Zustand. In Fig. 4 ist das vorstehend bereits erwähnte, in den Fig. 1 bis 3 zumindest weitgehend verdeckte Zuggestänge bzw. Joch 81 dargestellt.To erect the tower 11 with attached superstructure 39 is first according to Fig. 4 By means of the first adjusting device 27, the tower 11 is transferred from its horizontal transport position into the illustrated inclined position, in which the tower 11 is inclined, for example, at about 45 ° relative to the vertical. Up to this point, the erection movement of the tower 11 is a pure pivotal movement about an axis 71 at the one end of the positive guide 43 for the lower tower end. In the position according to Fig. 4 Thus, the second adjustment device 29 is still in the retracted state. In Fig. 4 is the already mentioned above, in the Fig. 1 to 3 at least largely hidden Zuggestänge or yoke 81 shown.

Der starre Lenker 25 hält den Ausleger 13 trotz der sich beim Aufrichten verändernden Turmneigung stets in einer zumindest im Wesentlichen horizontalen Lage. Um für das Aufrichten des Turmes 11 günstige Kräfte- und Momentenverhältnisse zu erzielen, ist das Innensegmentpaket des Teleskopmastes des Auslegers 13 gemäß Fig. 4 ausgefahren, wodurch der Schwerpunkt des Auslegers 13 bzw. Oberwagens 39 von der Schwenkachse 73 zwischen Oberwagen 39 und Turm 11 weg nach vorne verlagert wird.The rigid arm 25 always holds the boom 13 in an at least substantially horizontal position, despite the tower inclination that changes during erection. In order to achieve for the erection of the tower 11 favorable forces and moments, the inner segment package of the telescopic mast of the boom 13 is according to Fig. 4 extended, whereby the center of gravity of the boom 13 and upper carriage 39 of the pivot axis 73 between uppercarriage 39 and tower 11 is shifted away to the front.

In dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Zustand befindet sich der Turm 11 im vollständig aufgerichteten Zustand, in welchem er sich in vertikaler Richtung erstreckt. Die Überführung des Turmes 11 aus der Schräglage gemäß Fig. 4 in die vertikale Arbeitsstellung erfolgt mittels der zweiten Verstelleinrichtung 29, die durch Ausfahren des Kolbens zum einen das untere Turmende mittels des Zuggestänges bzw. Jochs 81 auf die Turmaufnahme 21 zieht, an der das untere Turmende anschließend z.B. durch Verbolzen befestigt wird, und zum anderen das untere Ende des starren Lenkers 25 ebenfalls nach hinten - bezogen auf die Fahrtrichtung des Fahrgestells - drückt.In the in Fig. 5 illustrated state, the tower 11 is in the fully erect condition in which it extends in the vertical direction. The transfer of the tower 11 from the inclined position according to Fig. 4 in the vertical working position by means of the second adjusting device 29, which pulls out by extending the piston for a lower tower end by means of Zuggestänges or yoke 81 on the tower support 21, where the lower tower end is then attached, for example by bolting, and on the other Lower end of the rigid arm 25 also to the rear - based on the direction of travel of the chassis - presses.

Die Lagen aller beim Aufrichten des Turmes 11 wirksamen Schwenkachsen relativ zueinander sowie die Längen aller beteiligten Bauteile sind erfindungsgemäß derart aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die Steuerbewegung, die durch den sich aufrichtenden Turm 11 über den Lenker 25 auf den verschwenkbar auf den Turm 11 aufgesetzten Oberwagen 39 übertragen wird, den Oberwagen 39 während des gesamten Aufrichtvorgangs und damit unabhängig von der Turmneigung stets in der zumindest im Wesentlichen horizontalen Solllage hält.The positions of all effective when erecting the tower 11 pivot axes relative to each other and the lengths of all the components involved are inventively coordinated so that the control movement transmitted by the righting tower 11 via the handlebar 25 on the pivotally mounted on the tower 11 uppercarriage 39 is maintained, the uppercarriage 39 during the entire erection process and thus regardless of the tower inclination always in the at least substantially horizontal desired position.

Nachdem der Turm 11 in die vertikale Arbeitsstellung überführt ist, wird gemäß Fig. 6 eine sternförmige Abspannung 19 installiert, welche nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung ist. Bei weiterhin zusammen geschobenem Teleskopturm 11 werden hierbei für jede der vier Bodenstützen 17 zwei Abspannseile 19, die auf die an den Bodenstützen 17 befestigten Winden 47 gewickelt sind, mit ihren freien Enden an verschiedenen Turmsegmenten befestigt, und zwar jeweils im oberen Randbereich des Segments.After the tower 11 is transferred to the vertical working position, is in accordance with Fig. 6 installed a star-shaped bracing 19, which is not the subject of the invention. In further telescoped telescopic tower 11 are here for each of the four floor supports 17 two guy ropes 19 which are wound on the fortified on the floor supports 17 winds 47, with their free ends at different Tower segments attached, respectively in the upper edge region of the segment.

Spanneinrichtungen zum Spannen der Seile 19 sind in die Bodenstützen 17 integriert.Clamping devices for tensioning the cables 19 are integrated in the floor supports 17.

Der auf die vorstehend beschriebene Weise nach dem Aufsetzen des Oberwagens 39 in die vertikale Arbeitsstellung überführte, abgestützte und abgespannte Turm 11 kann nunmehr nach Lösen der Verbindung zwischen starrem Lenker 25 und Oberwagen 39 auf die jeweils gewünschte Arbeitslänge teleskopiert werden, wie in Fig. 7a dargestellt ist. Die Abspannseile 19 werden entsprechend der zunehmenden Turmhöhe von den Winden 47 abgewickelt und können dabei ständig unter Spannung gehalten werden. Gleichzeitig mit dem Ausfahren des Turmes 11 oder nach Erreichen der jeweiligen Arbeitslänge des Turmes 11 kann der Teleskopmast des Auslegers 13 ausgefahren und mittels des Wippwerks 55 in die gewünschte Winkelstellung relativ zum Turm 11 gebracht werden, um die Mastspitze in die gewünschte Arbeitsposition bezüglich Höhe und Ausladung zu bringen.The transferred in the manner described above after placing the upper carriage 39 in the vertical working position, supported and guyed tower 11 can now be telescoped after releasing the connection between the rigid arm 25 and upper carriage 39 to the respective desired working length, as in Fig. 7a is shown. The guy ropes 19 are unwound from the winches 47 in accordance with the increasing tower height and can be kept under tension at all times. Simultaneously with the extension of the tower 11 or after reaching the respective working length of the tower 11 of the telescopic mast of the boom 13 can be extended and brought by the luffing 55 in the desired angular position relative to the tower 11 to the mast top in the desired working position with respect to height and reach bring to.

Der Fahrzeugkran ist damit einsatzbereit.The mobile crane is ready for use.

Fig. 7b zeigt schematisch den Fahrzeugkran in unmittelbarer Nähe eines Turmes 57 einer zu errichtenden Windkraftanlage. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des Fahrzeugkrans besteht darin, dass der Kran aufgrund seines vertikalen Turmes 11 relativ nahe am Turm 57 der Windkraftanlage positioniert werden kann. Fig. 7b schematically shows the vehicle crane in the immediate vicinity of a tower 57 of a wind turbine to be built. A significant advantage of the vehicle crane is that the crane can be positioned relatively close to the tower 57 of the wind turbine due to its vertical tower 11.

Der erfindungs gemäße Fahrzeugkran ist hinsichtlich seiner Auslegung insbesondere in Bezug auf die Abmessungen und das Gewicht seiner Bestandteile grundsätzlich beliebig skalierbar. Vorzugsweise ist der erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeugkran so ausgelegt, dass er für die Errichtung von Windkraftanlagen geeignet ist.The fiction, contemporary vehicle crane is in principle arbitrarily scalable in terms of its interpretation, in particular with respect to the dimensions and weight of its components. Preferably, the vehicle crane according to the invention is designed so that it is suitable for the construction of wind turbines.

Für die Errichtung von derzeit bereits existierenden Windkraftanlagen, die eine Nabenhöhe von etwa 85 100m aufweisen und bei denen die zu hebenden Lasten bis zu etwa 52t betragen, ist gemäß einem möglichen Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen, dass der Turm 11 ein Gewicht von ungefähr 60t und eine Länge im ausgefahrenen Zustand von ungefähr 70m aufweist, wobei der Oberwagen 39 ein Gewicht von ungefähr 60t und dessen Ausleger 13 im ausgefahrenen Zustand eine Länge von etwa 60m besitzt. Die Stützweite der sternförmigen Abstützung 17, d.h. die Länge der Bodenstützen im ausgefahrenen Zustand, beträgt dabei jeweils etwa 18m.For the construction of currently existing wind turbines, which have a hub height of about 85 100m and in which the loads to be lifted are up to about 52t, it is provided according to a possible embodiment that the tower 11 has a weight of about 60t and a length in extended state of about 70m, wherein the uppercarriage 39 has a weight of about 60t and the boom 13 in the extended state has a length of about 60m. The span of the star-shaped support 17, i. the length of the floor supports in the extended state, is in each case about 18m.

Zukünftige Windkraftanlagen werden gemäß bereits existierenden Planungen eine Nabenhöhe von ungefähr 145m und zu hebende Lasten in der Größenordnung von 240t aufweisen. Auch derartige Windkraftanlagen können mit einem gegenüber der vorstehend erwähnten Auslegung entsprechend vergrößerten erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugkran problemlos aufgestellt werden.Future wind turbines will have a hub height of about 145m and lifting loads on the order of 240t, according to existing plans. Also, such wind turbines can be easily installed with a relation to the above-mentioned interpretation according to the invention enlarged vehicle crane.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1111
Turmtower
1313
Auslegerboom
1515
Drehwerkslewing
1717
Abstützung, BodenstützeSupport, floor support
1919
Abspannung, AbspannseilBracing, guy rope
2121
Turmaufnahmetower admission
23a23a
vorderes Fahrgestellteilfront chassis part
23b23b
hinteres Fahrgestellteilrear chassis part
2525
Halteeinrichtung, starrer LenkerHolding device, rigid handlebar
2727
erste Verstelleinrichtungfirst adjusting device
2929
zweite Verstelleinrichtungsecond adjustment
3131
oberes TurmsegmentUpper tower segment
3333
Zwischensegment des TurmesIntermediate segment of the tower
3535
unteres Turmsegmentlower tower segment
3737
Gegenauslegercounter-jib
3939
Oberwagensuperstructure
4141
Verbindungsstellejunction
4343
Zwangsführungforced control
4545
Kopfhead
4747
Winde mit BremsmechanismusWinch with brake mechanism
4949
StützfußSupport foot
5353
Kabinecabin
5555
WippwerkBoom elevation
5757
Turm einer WindkraftanlageTower of a wind turbine
5959
Befestigungsstellefastening point
6161
vorderes Kolbenendefront piston end
6565
oberes Mastsegmentupper pole segment
6767
Zwischensegment des AuslegermastesIntermediate segment of the jib
6969
unteres Mastsegmentlower pole segment
7171
Schwenkachse für unteres TurmendeSwivel axis for lower tower end
7373
Schwenkachse zwischen Ausleger und TurmSwivel axis between boom and tower
7575
WippwerkBoom elevation
7777
Ballastballast
7979
Abspannungguying
8181
Zuggestänge, JochDrawbar, yoke

Claims (9)

  1. A vehicle crane, in particular a mobile crane, truck-mounted crane or crawler crane, comprising a mounting which is configured as a top slewing crane and comprises a vertical tower (11) and a jib (13) on the tower (11), wherein the lower end of the tower (11) is separated from the tower receiver (21) when the tower (11) is situated in its transport position,
    characterised in that
    a cup-shaped or bowl-shaped tower receiver (21), which connects two spaced bogie parts (23a, 23b) to each other, is provided for the lower end of the tower (11).
  2. The vehicle crane according to claim 1, characterised in that the tower receiver (21) is connected to a tower support (17).
  3. The vehicle crane according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the tower (11) is configured to be self-erecting.
  4. The vehicle crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two variable-length adjusting devices (27, 29) which attach at positions spaced along the tower (11) are provided for erecting the tower (11).
  5. The vehicle crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tower (11) can be conveyed from a substantially horizontal transport position to an oblique position by means of a first adjusting device (27) which attaches at a distance from the lower end of the tower, and can be conveyed from the oblique position to the vertical working position by means of a second adjusting device (29) which attaches in the region of the lower end of the tower, wherein the tower (11) is preferably positively guided in the region of its lower end.
  6. The vehicle crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the tower (11) can be erected with the jib (13) placed on it, in particular erected together with the superstructure (39) which comprises the jib (13).
  7. The vehicle crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a holding device (25) is provided which is in particular configured as a rigid guider and keeps the jib (13), which is placed on the tower (11) in such a way that it can be angularly adjusted, in an at least approximately horizontal position when the tower (11) is being erected, independently of the inclination of the tower.
  8. The vehicle crane according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a support (17) is provided for the tower (11) and preferably comprises a plurality of ground supports which are distributed around the tower (11).
  9. The vehicle crane according to claim 8, characterised in that the support (17) and the inherent weight of the tower (11) are adjusted to each other, such that an additional counterweight is not required.
EP07116452A 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Crane vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1894883B1 (en)

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DE502004011669T DE502004011669D1 (en) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 mobile crane

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EP04028739A EP1666401B1 (en) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Mobile crane

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EP1894883A3 EP1894883A3 (en) 2008-05-28
EP1894883B1 true EP1894883B1 (en) 2010-09-15

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EP07116452A Expired - Lifetime EP1894883B1 (en) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Crane vehicle
EP07116453A Expired - Lifetime EP1900675B1 (en) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Crane truck

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EP (3) EP1666401B1 (en)
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KR (4) KR101046488B1 (en)
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CA (1) CA2589048C (en)
DE (2) DE502004011788D1 (en)
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DE502004011669D1 (en) 2010-10-28
CN103482489B (en) 2016-06-29
KR101046488B1 (en) 2011-07-04
WO2006058751A3 (en) 2006-08-10
ES2367908T3 (en) 2011-11-10
CN103482489A (en) 2014-01-01
KR20090110318A (en) 2009-10-21
CN101068744A (en) 2007-11-07
CA2589048A1 (en) 2006-06-08
EP1900675B1 (en) 2010-10-13
KR101046490B1 (en) 2011-07-04
US20080169258A1 (en) 2008-07-17
WO2006058751A2 (en) 2006-06-08
JP2008532876A (en) 2008-08-21
US20100102018A1 (en) 2010-04-29
ES2352807T3 (en) 2011-02-23
KR20070086923A (en) 2007-08-27
JP2011190113A (en) 2011-09-29
KR20090108048A (en) 2009-10-14
KR101046519B1 (en) 2011-07-04
JP5572124B2 (en) 2014-08-13
JP2011184204A (en) 2011-09-22
CA2589048C (en) 2010-08-03
JP5572125B2 (en) 2014-08-13
CN101068744B (en) 2013-11-06
US8308000B2 (en) 2012-11-13
EP1894883A2 (en) 2008-03-05
DE502004011788D1 (en) 2010-11-25
EP1900675A3 (en) 2008-03-26
ES2354178T3 (en) 2011-03-10
EP1666401B1 (en) 2011-06-22
EP1900675A2 (en) 2008-03-19
EP1666401A1 (en) 2006-06-07
KR20090110317A (en) 2009-10-21
US7828162B2 (en) 2010-11-09
EP1894883A3 (en) 2008-05-28

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