EP1557116A1 - Cushion with spring elements distributed in the surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The mattress can be assembled of two layers of fleece material (1, 2) with cylindrical cavities (12, 22) shaped into the material by molding. A spring (5) is accommodated in every pair of cavities (12, 22) positioned opposite each other. The arrangement is covered with a layer of fleece on the top (31) and under the bottom (32). In a second version the springs (5) are accommodated in deeper single chambers which can be of different shapes as in other possible versions.

Description

The invention relates to a cushion with distributed over the surface of the pad Spring elements or springs, individually or in groups in chambers with Non-woven walls are enclosed and guided, with upper and lower, extending over the surface of the pad, the end faces of the Spring elements or springs overlapping cover layers and with stabilizing Connections between the adjacent chambers on the one hand and between the chambers and the cover layers, on the other hand.

DE 195 05 438 a mattress with feathers has become known at the one arranged parallel to the pad surface structure layer on both sides with Spring elements is occupied. The spring elements have a uniform geometric structure. They are spaced apart. The areas between the elastic spring elements serve on the one hand the ventilation the pad and on the other hand the inclusion of the displaced material of the Spring elements.

The spring elements or elastic molded parts are made regularly Foams, while the supporting and the spring elements connecting Structural element is preferably a plastic grid.

The thus designed spring unit is regularly parallel to the pad surface Covered on both sides by cover layers, so that a pad with closed Surface arises. Will also the peripheral area of the bed covered and fixed, we speak of a spring mattress.

The disadvantage of this design of the pad that the spring elements Foam only in a limited height, the desired spring properties exhibit. High spring elements buckle laterally. The spring characteristic is unsuitable for the purpose. The elasticity is reduced at zero load. Another, very crucial problem consists in the reprocessing or reuse of the foam.

In view of these disadvantages of foam feathers one has so far predominantly spiral springs made of steel wire used as spring elements. These springs have a spring characteristic which is in the usable range - even with larger deformation - only slightly changes. The disadvantage that Such closely spaced springs provide good lateral guidance throughout need usable spring travel, one encountered by the fact that one wrapped these springs close to form-fitting in chambers made of nonwoven fabric and the side walls and / or end faces of adjacent chambers with each other Association.

Thus one reached in the level, nearly evenly distributed also in the depth (Indentation depth in the padding) almost uniform spring properties. issues However, the effort to wrap the springs and fixation the sheaths in the plane of the upholstery.

By DE 40 42 304 a procedure for wrapping the Compression springs and their mutual connection with adjacent spring covers described. Non-woven fabric strips or fabrics become chains with chambers prepared for several springs. The chambers are separated by seams separated, which are aligned parallel to the axis of the springs.

Neighboring chains are mechanically interconnected. Slots for inserting the springs are provided parallel to the seams.

However, so that the springs can be accurately guided, the chambers are in The front areas of the springs closed all around. The thus shortened Slit makes it difficult to insert the springs into the chambers and the Aligning them considerably.

Another problem of the described design of the chambers Nonwoven discloses the DE 40 40 220. It presents considerable difficulties the chains of eingetaschten springs also in the transverse direction safely together connect to. Differentiated notches designed for the purpose of crossing each other along the seams, opposite to each other are arranged, affect the stable leadership of the individual Feathers. There are regularly more connections between the forehead areas adjacent springs in the form of manually attached brackets required. Such a mounting of the mattresses requires a considerable, mostly nummanuell profitable executable effort.

By DE 199 20 130 spring floors for mattresses, sitting and lying furniture known. In a lower or in a middle layer are it consists of wire existing about cylindrical compression springs. These Compression springs are wrapped in chambers made of nonwoven fabric. The nonwoven chambers are mutually connected to each other and at both ends and thus form a flexible elastic layer of feathers. This layer can above and below with more or less voluminous, elastic and flexible Cushioning layers are covered. Within these upholstery layers Layers are also provided, the laterally shaped bulges with have small dimensions. In these vaults can be put together before putting the layers of granules are introduced. This granulate supports the shape of the bulges under load. The flexibility and the Air permeability of the upholstery cover remain intact.

A disadvantage of this type of upholstery production is also extremely high Effort for the production of the casings for the springs and for the connection of the Covering each other in the area. Problems also brings the insertion of the Feathers in the pockets. This process can be either manual or with be realized automatically to an extremely high technical complexity.

In DE 93 16 223 U is a spring mattress with zones of different Deformability revealed. Here are certain areas of a mattress differently designed springs used, the a differentiated hardness of Allow padding. Also in the solution shown there is the wrapping the spiral springs extremely complex. An automatic design of the process is for reasons of cost regularly not justifiable.

By DE 200 00 156 U a sound and vibration absorber is proposed Service. This sound absorber consists of a fleece material. This Nonwoven material is produced by embossing elements in a honeycomb structure pressed. In the area of the honeycomb walls, the nonwoven fabric is highly compressed while it is looser and partially elastic in the area of the cavities. In In a particular embodiment, the nonwoven fabric is formed so that the contained fibers aligned transversely to the base of the nonwoven material are. This fleece can also be used from the top and bottom a further nonwoven layer are covered. The lower cover layer should preferably be designed as a vapor diffusion barrier.

Such an arrangement is unsuitable for use on upholstery. Of the Although embossed Viiesstoff can absorb sound, it is unable to at different depths the bearing forces of a burdening body evenly distributed so that the body pressure points are avoided.

By DE 298 03 222 U1 is a gas-permeable rigid sandwich structure known, in the middle of a honeycomb-shaped support structure is provided, which at the top and at the bottom by cover layers made of nonwoven fabric and finally covered with filter fabric on the outside.

The cover layers are connected by means of adhesive to the end faces of the support structure. The support structure consists either of an open-celled foam core or has a honeycomb structure of duromer or thermoplastic Material.

Such a structure is suitable for the production of rigid structures. she has with a low mass a high stability. However, she is missing because of it Spring characteristics in a large depth range not for upholstery u. like. suitable.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cushion with over the surface distributed spring elements or springs with almost the same spring properties in a large depth range (indentation depth of the pad) so too make that the manufacture of the chambers for the spring elements or Springs and their connection with each other rationalized and possibly automated can be. At the same time, the insertion of the spring elements or springs be simplified.

This object is achieved by the pad according to claim 1 in a simple manner solved. The spread over the surface of the pad fleece layer with deep-drawn or embossed chambers or bulges possesses easily with Springs or spring elements feedable chambers and creates at the same time a defined, stable positioning of the chambers of the pad. elaborate Fabrication work is kept to a minimum. The introduction of the elastic spring elements or springs may vary depending on the nature of these springs or spring elements mechanized by simple means or even automated become.

According to claim 2, it is possible, by training different depths Bulges when using uniform spring elements or springs in different areas to produce different spring effects.

It is also possible by limiting the spring elements only after overcoming a limited scope to activate the spring action.

For thicker upholstery, it is recommended - according to claim 3 - two each other provide adjacent nonwoven layers whose bulges each other are directed opposite. The bulges of two nonwovens form thereby on both sides of an intermediate layer chambers for two identical or different Spring elements or springs.

With the embodiment according to claim 4, it is possible springs of great height to be used with a flat spring characteristic. In different deep depressed Areas of the pad almost uniform support forces act on the resting Body.

The embodiment according to claim 5 allows the depth of the bulges to reduce in the nonwoven layers and still springs or spring elements use high altitude without disadvantages in terms of positioning the Having to buy springs under load.

The use of the webs according to claim 6 allows a lower Mass of the upholstery. However, an application seems only to be required if the pad is positioned as a whole in a sturdy frame.

The webs according to claim 7, however, also secure a certain stability along the rows of the spring. There are fewer requirements for the Stability of a frame.

The pad according to independent claim 8 dispenses with the enclosing the spring elements or springs with nonwoven fabric. The bulges engage for the purpose of guiding the spring elements or springs in the frontal Openings of the same. This allows a limited depth of the bulges and facilitates the assembly of the springs in the upholstery.

The filling of the cavities according to claim 9 stabilizes bulges and hence the location of the springs in the upholstery.

The method of claim 10 for producing a nonwoven fabric in the Area distributed bulges has the advantage that the bulges required fibers drawn from the area of the supplied nonwoven can be. The walls of the chambers are thereby sufficiently stable and the depth of the bulges is in compliance with the usual pad thicknesses practically unlimited.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäß gestaltetes Polster mit zwei ausgeformten Vliesschichten,

Fig. 2

eine zweite Form eines Polsters mit einer einzigen ausgeformten Vliesschicht,

Fig. 3

ein erfindungsgemäßes Polster mit zwei ausgeformten Vliesschichten und unterschiedlichen elastischen Federelementen und Federn,

Fig. 4

einen Polsterstoff mit kuppelförm ig ausgeformten Vliesschichten und kuppelförmigen Federn,

Fig. 5

einen Polsterstoff analog Fig. 4 mit kuppelförmigen Federelementen,

Fig. 6

einen Polsterstoff mit zwei kuppelförm ig ausgeformten Vliesschichten, deren Verbindungsabschnitte unmittelbar miteinander verbunden sind und dessen Hohlraum mit einem ballförmigen Federelement ausgefüllt ist,

Fig. 7

ein Polster ähnlich der Fig. 6 mit einem kugel- bzw. tonnenförmigen Feder,

Fig. 8

eine Ausführung analog Fig. 6 mit zwei kronenförmigen Federn,

Fig. 9

ein Polster mit zwei etwa elliptisch ausgeformten Vliesschichten mit ballförmigen und kugelförmigen elastischen Füllelementen,

Fig. 10

eine Ausführung entsprechend Fig. 9 mit zwei ballförmigen Federelementen,

Fig. 11

einen Polsterstoff mit unterschiedlichen, gegeneinander verschiebbaren Federelementen und Formelementen,

Fig. 12

einen Polsterstoff mit zwei flach ausgeformten Vliesschichten, die mittels drahtförmiger Stege aneinander gehalten sind,

Fig. 13

ein Polster analog Fig. 12 mit Stegen aus einem schlauchförmigen flexiblen Werkstoff,

Fig. 14

eine schematische Darstellung des Montagevorganges eines Polsterstoffes nach Fig. 12,

Fig. 15

eine bevorzugte Ausformvorrichtung im Querschnitt unter Verwendung eines geteilten Stempels,

Fig. 16

eine vereinfachte Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 15,

Fig. 17

einen Polsterstoff mit kuppelförmig ausgewölbten Vliesschichten, die in den Innenraum von Schraubenfedern positionierend eingreifen und

Fig. 18

ein Polster mit oberen und unteren Rahmen in einer perspektifischen, vereinfachten Darstellung.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to some examples. In the accompanying drawings show:

Fig. 1

a cross section through an inventively designed pad with two shaped nonwoven layers,

Fig. 2

a second form of pad with a single formed nonwoven layer,

Fig. 3

an inventive pad with two shaped nonwoven layers and different elastic spring elements and springs,

Fig. 4

a upholstery fabric with dome-shaped nonwoven layers and dome-shaped springs,

Fig. 5

a upholstery fabric analogous to FIG. 4 with dome-shaped spring elements,

Fig. 6

a cushioning fabric having two dome-shaped non-woven layers whose connecting portions are directly connected to each other and whose cavity is filled with a ball-shaped spring element,

Fig. 7

a cushion similar to FIG. 6 with a spherical or barrel-shaped spring,

Fig. 8

an embodiment analogous to FIG. 6 with two crown-shaped springs,

Fig. 9

a pad with two approximately elliptically shaped nonwoven layers with ball-shaped and spherical elastic filling elements,

Fig. 10

an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9 with two ball-shaped spring elements,

Fig. 11

a upholstery fabric with different, mutually displaceable spring elements and form elements,

Fig. 12

a padding fabric with two flat-shaped non-woven layers, which are held together by means of wire-shaped webs,

Fig. 13

a cushion analogous to FIG. 12 with webs made of a tubular flexible material,

Fig. 14

a schematic representation of the assembly process of a cushioning fabric of FIG. 12,

Fig. 15

a preferred molding apparatus in cross section using a split punch,

Fig. 16

a simplified plan view of the device according to FIG. 15,

Fig. 17

a cushioning fabric with dome-shaped convex non-woven layers, which engage in the interior of coil springs positioning and

Fig. 18

a cushion with upper and lower frame in a perspektifischen, simplified representation.

The upholstery fabric according to FIG. 1 consists of two nonwoven layers 1, 2 Nonwoven layers 1, 2 are by means of deep drawing tools or embossing tools so formed so that they are in the base preferably circular bulges 12, 22, which are evenly distributed over the cushion surface own.

The foot portions of the bulges 12, 22 are by so-called. Connecting sections 15, 25 interconnected. They are essentially the parts of the nonwoven fabric, which are in the plane of the starting material flat fleece or nonwoven remain.

The bulges 12, 22 of the two nonwoven layers 1, 2 are usually coaxial aligned with each other, so that the connecting portions 15, 25 of two Nonwoven layers 1, 2 connected directly by means of compound 71 can be. Through this connection 71 chambers K1, in the before the connection process springs 5 in the form of cylindrical compression springs with flat spring characteristic can be used.

The head portions of the bulges 12 of the nonwoven layer 1 are provided with a First, upper cover layer 31 and the head portions of the bulges 22nd the lower nonwoven layer 2 is connected to the cover layer 32. this happens expedient by means of sewing or adhesive connection 72nd

The pad of Fig. 2 consists of only a single formed nonwoven layer 2. In the here even deeper bulges 22 and in the somewhat shortened Arches 22 'are springs 5 of the same design, but with different preload used, so that a supple body in the different areas with differentiated forces.

To ensure a planar arrangement of the cover layers 31, 32 is Preferably, the lower cover layer 32 is provided with different thickness. In the area of the smaller bulges 22 'is the lower cover layer 32 'reinforced.

The pad of Fig. 3 has for receiving elastic filling elements 63 upward bulges 12. The downward facing Openings of the bulges 12 are formed by an intermediate layer. 4 locked. The filling elements 63 in the bulges 12 of the first nonwoven layer can be introduced in different amounts, so that one Support effect z. T. only after a major deformation of the cover layer 31st takes effect.

Below this first nonwoven layer 1 is a second formed nonwoven layer 2 provided. This has according to FIG. 2 springs 5. Die Interlayer 4, however, assumes the function of the cover layer 32 here. The Verbindungsabschntte 15 of the first nonwoven layer 1 are connected to the connecting portions 25 of the second nonwoven layer 2 via the intermediate layer 4 interconnected by connections 74. The head sections of the Bumps 12, 22 of the nonwoven layers 1, 2 are each with an adjacent Cover layer 31, 32 connected.

The illustrations of Figures 4 to 8 describe pads with lesser Pad thickness. This bypasses the difficulties of three-dimensional Forming nonwoven materials in that only dome-shaped bulges 13, 23 are produced on the nonwoven layers 1, 2.

In the embodiments of Figures 4 and 5, the first head sections the two nonwoven layers 1, 2 interconnected. After this Insertion of the springs 52 or spring elements 62 become the cover layers 31, 32 connected to the Verbindungsabschitten 15, 25 at 72

Another type of connection show the figures 6 to 8. The dome-shaped formed nonwoven layers 1, 2 are with their connecting portions 15 and 25 directly connected after the springs 53 and elastic Spring elements 61 or the springs 53 and 54 in the chambers K6, K7, K8 were used. The connection of the head portions of the bulges 13, 23 with their cover layers 31, 32 is carried out regularly in a final Operation.

The shape of the spring elements 6 or springs 5 can be chosen differently be. In Fig. 6 we see a ball-shaped spring element 61. In Fig. 7 there the spring 53 from a spherical shaped coil spring with a large spring travel. In Fig. 8, between the individual nonwoven layers 1 and 2, an intermediate layer 4 provided. In each of the chambers K8o and K8u is located a wire crown-shaped spring 54th

FIGS. 9 and 10 show examples in which the bulges 14, 24 in the head area are designed approximately semicircular. Between the so designed Head area and the connecting portions 15, 25 we find stretched Sections that can be slightly conical or cylindrical. In the thereby resulting, approximately elliptically shaped chambers K9 and K10 can different elastic spring elements 61, 63 and / or springs. 5 be introduced. In addition to the examples shown in the form of balls 61 or balls 63 may also be springs that are similar to the spring 53 in Fig. 7 are designed.

Fig. 12 shows yet another example of a padding in which the formed nonwoven layers 1, 2 with their connecting portions 15, 25 at the cover layers 31, 32 are anchored at 76. To ensure a sufficient Thickness of the padding here are fillers in the form of elastic Balls 63 used as bulk material with distancing function. Instead of Bulks of bulk material can also be used moldings 65.

As mentioned above, it prepares for the deformation of nonwoven layers Difficulties, very deep bulges 11 with uniform wall thickness manufacture. For producing upholstery, which gives a very large indentation allow feathers 5 to be used regularly have correspondingly larger dimensions in the vertical.

To avoid the very deep bulge of the nonwoven layers 1, 2 are flatter, approximately cylindrical bulges 11, 21 produced. These take place in Essentially only the frontal areas of the springs 5 almost positively in itself.

In the areas between the upper and the lower fleece layer are between the connecting portions 15, 25 webs 8 and 81 or 82 arranged. These webs 8 are so with the connecting portions 15, 25th connected to the springs 5 with a predetermined, usually low bias in the bulges 11, 21 of the two nonwoven layers 1, 2 held become.

The webs 81 may be flexible plastic wires for the purpose of their reliable anchoring with the connecting portions 15, 25 with fused Heads are provided. As a rule, these are wire-shaped Webs 81 aligned perpendicular to the nonwoven layers. For improvement the positional stability esp. Of the upper nonwoven layer 1 in the horizontal direction It is expedient to provide even diagonally arranged webs 81.

The assembly of this pad is shown in Fig. 14. In the one against the other guided nonwoven layers 1 and 2, the waisted springs 51 are first used in a horizontal direction. After swiveling in Arches 11 and 21 is preferably by means of a hollow needle of the web 81 introduced. After placing power distributors (eg washers) on the connecting portions 25 and 15, the ends of the plastic wire merged into heads in the given position, so that a sufficiently strong cohesion between upper and lower nonwoven layer 1, 2 is given.

In a further operation then the cover layers 31 and 32, respectively applied and the connections 72 between the head sections of Bumps 11, 21 and the cover layers 31, 32 produced.

In Fig. 13, another form of a web 8 is shown. This web 82 is made from a flexible hollow body in the form of a hose. At opposite Sheath lines of the hose will be the connection 78 with the Connecting portions 15 and 25 of the nonwoven layers produced. To this Purpose of this hose can be stretched over a rail during assembly and then position this unit between two rows of springs. If the connection 78 completed, the guide rail can be removed again and the web 82 has its original flexibility.

Another form of upholstery fabric, Fig. 17. The preferably dome-shaped Bulge 13 has such dimensions that the springs. 5 can be put over them on the outside and thereby their positioning Leadership received. The connecting portions 15 are located here in the Plane of the faces of the springs 5. The webs 81 'are slightly extended. The Connections can be arranged in slight depressions. For stabilization the bulges may be the cavities enclosed by them K17o and K17u with granules or spring elements 63 made of foam or fleece filled.

In the left spring 5 of FIG. 17 is in addition a wire-shaped web 81 " drawn over the power distributor at the connections 79 the vertices connects the bulges 13 together. These webs 81 "can only or together with webs 81 'the upper and the lower nonwoven layer 1, 2 connect. It is also conceivable, with appropriate design the dimensions of the bulges 13 and / or the springs 5, the vertices the bulges 13 to connect directly with each other.

It is also possible to use the webs 81 "arranged coaxially with the spring 5 the springs 5 under different or even adjustable bias to use

To ensure sufficient stability of the top and / or the lower nonwoven layer 1, 2 and / or the upper or lower cover layer 31 in FIG horizontal direction, it is convenient to the upholstery upper and lower Frame Ro, Ru assign. These frames Ro, Ru are shown in FIG. 18 tensioned by diagonally tensioned traction means or webs 83, that a lateral drift of the upper or lower frame Ro, Ru is prevented.

In FIGS. 15 and 16, the most essential components of a Device described, esp. A nonwoven layer with the bulges 12, 22 can manufacture, which is suitable for receiving springs 5 or 6 are.

The device shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 is mainly for such Arches 12, 22 thought, in the springs 5 according to Figures 1 to 3 be used. For bulges 13, 23 and possibly 14, 24, as per Figures 4 to 13 are used, simple plunger and Matrices are used.

For the formation of very deep bulges, it is necessary to special Take measures to ensure adequate strength of the wall sections to ensure and avoid destruction of the nonwoven fabric.

The nonwoven fabric 1 fed in a web consists predominantly of fibers, which are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the web. The length of these fibers is preferably more than 70 mm. Another but smaller share of Fibers are transversely oriented and regularly have shorter staple lengths.

It will be in the supplied fleece always only one row after another formed by bulges 11 transversely to the feed direction of the nonwoven fabric, from the already finished molded sections of the nonwoven fabric almost no fibers are pulled into the new bulges.

The stamp for the production of the bulge is in accordance with the execution Fig. 15 formed in two parts. The first part of this stamp ST is moving down as soon as the template M1 has taken up the working position and the pusher bar D the fleece in the region of connecting portions 15th stuck. If this stamp ST has reached its lowest position, it follows second punch ST1 and forms the bulges 11 in their final Shape out.

With this procedure, the supplied fleece in the region of the bulges less burdened. The walls of the bulges 11 are thicker and firmer. By retightening fleece from the feed direction form between adjacent bulges more or less bulging Fleece stowage 151. These fleece stagnates 151 are for security to fix the overall structure of the nonwoven layer as much as possible in the form they have in the process of shaping.

In the above example, this is done by applying an adhesive tape B, which is subtracted from a tape storage BS and by the pressure roller BD is pressed onto the fleece jam 151. This ensures that the formed nonwoven fabric produced in this way is not before the final one Assembly of the cover layers 31, 32 deformed.

The release of the punch ST, ST1 from the bulge 11 can by suction shoes be supported in the lower area of the bulge. So that Bulges 11 can be moved smoothly in the working direction is the rear part of the die M1 in the direction of movement is vertically movable. He can be brought into a lower rest position M1 ', so that the bulge 11 can be moved without resistance in the direction of work.

The formed with this device nonwoven layer 1 is by the up or Introduction of hardenable substances fixable, so that after completion of the Curing process dimensionally stable nonwoven layers 1, 2 for the assembly of the pad be available.

It is convenient to add fibers to the starting nonwoven fabric as a whole or melt on its surface at a low temperature. The deformation process is carried out in this case at appropriate temperatures, so that these fibers or their surface layer are temporary melt. If the nonwoven fabric is cooled after the deformation process, Harden the compounds then prepared and give the nonwoven layer for assembly purposes and for their corresponding function in upholstery fabric the desired stability.

Of course, the textile material used for this application can be made of any Form of natural fibers, synthetic fibers or corresponding mixtures consist. It is also possible to use recycled material for this fleece.

The mentioned connections between the front designated sections 15, 25 of the nonwoven layers 1, 2 and the cover or intermediate layers can be made in different, known ways.

The use of chainstitch or overlocked seams obviously provides the most reliable way of connecting. Have adhesive bonds against it their advantages in the simpler processing technology.

The spring elements 6 used are preferably hollow body of a elastic, flexible material. Balls or differently designed bulk material more or less elastic material have less the property of Feathers as the property of flexible fillers that as a whole tend to be one have cushioning effect on the upholstery.

The springs 5 have already been in relation to the individual embodiments described. Common to all feathers 5 is that they have a big one Federweg muster nearly equal support forces that during deformation if possible, avoid any material or part of the spring 5 laterally must and that ensures good ventilation in the area of the springs 5 is.

In the area of packing or closed spring elements should regularly channels are provided for discharging the air.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Fleece layer (upper)

11

Bulge (flat)

12

Bulge (deep)

13

Bulge (dome-shaped)

14

Bulge (ellipsoid)

15

connecting area

151

Fleece compression

2

Fleece layer (lower)

21

Bulge (flat)

22

Bulge (deep)

23

Bulge (dome-shaped)

24

Bulge (ellipsoid)

25

connecting area

3

Cover layer (general)

31

Cover layer (top)

32, 32 '

Cover layer (below)

33

Cushioning layer (voluminous)

4

interlayer

5

Spring, elastic (general)

51

Feather (fitted)

52

Spring (dome shape)

53

Spring (spherical or barrel shape)

54

Spring (crown shape)

6

Spring element, elastic (general)

61

Spring element (ball shape)

62

Spring element (dome shape)

63

Spring element (spherical shape - bulk material)

64

Spring element (prismatic)

65

moldings

7

Connection (general)

71

Compound (fleece layer / fleece layer, foot area)

72

Compound (fleece layer, head area / cover layer)

73

Compound (fleece layer, foot area / cover layer)

74

Compound (nonwoven layer / intermediate layer / nonwoven layer)

75

Compound (fleece layer / fleece layer, head area)

76

Connection (spring element / cover layer)

77

Compound (fleece layer / web, wire-shaped)

78

Compound (fleece layer / web, tubular)

79

Compound (fleece layer / web between bulges)

8th

Footbridge, (general)

81, 81 ', 81 "

Bridge, wire-shaped

82

Bridge, tubular

83

traction means

B

duct tape

BS

tape storage

BD

Tape pressure roller

D

pressure rail

K

Chamber (general)

K1 ... Kn

Chamber (Fig. 1 to Fig. N)

K3o

Chamber (Figure 3, top nonwoven layer) / Example

K3U

Chamber (Fig. 3, lower nonwoven layer) / Example

M

Die, firm

M1, M1 '

Movable die

ro

Frame (upper)

Ru

Frame (lower)

S

suction shoe

ST

stamp

ST1

Stamp, trackable

Claims (10)

pad
with spring elements (6) or springs (5) distributed over the surface of the pad, which are enclosed and guided individually or in groups in chambers (K) with walls of nonwoven fabric,
with upper and lower, over the surface of the pad extending, the end faces of the spring elements (6) or springs (5) cross-cover layers (31, 32),
with stabilizing connections (7) between the adjacent chambers (K) on the one hand and between the chambers (K) and the cover layers (31, 32) on the other hand,
wherein the nonwoven fabric forming the walls of the chambers (K) and parts of the joint (7) consists of at least one nonwoven layer (1, 2) extending parallel to the cover layers, forming connecting sections (15, 25) between the chambers (K) (31, 32) and which is provided for forming the walls of the chambers (K) or parts thereof with deep-drawn and / or compression-molded protrusions (11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24) and
wherein the connecting sections (15, 25) and / or the head sections of the bulges (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) of the nonwoven layer (1; 2) are joined by means of connections (7) to one of the cover layers (31 , 32) are fixed to an intermediate layer or to connecting sections (25, 26) of a further nonwoven layer (2, 1). Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulges (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) have a different depth in regions. Upholstery according to claim 1, characterized in that two adjacent nonwoven layers (1, 2) are provided for the formation of the chamber walls and the connections between the chambers (K), whose bulges (11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24) are aligned opposite to each other and their connecting portions (15, 25) are interconnected via an intermediate layer (4). Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that for the formation of the chamber walls and the connections (15, 25) between the chambers (K) two adjacent nonwoven layers (1, 2) are provided, whose bulges (11, 12, 13, 14 21, 22, 23, 24) are oppositely oriented and their connecting portions (15; 25) are directly connected to each other and in that between the bulges (11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24) of the two nonwoven layers (1, 2) forming chambers (eg K1, K6, K7) integrally formed elastic filling elements (6) or springs (5) are arranged. Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that for the formation of the chamber walls and the connections (15, 25) between the chambers (K) two adjacent nonwoven layers (1, 2) are provided, whose bulges (11, 12, 13, 14 21, 22, 23, 24) are aligned opposite to each other and their connecting portions (15, 25) are interconnected by webs (8, 81, 82). Upholstery according to claims 1 and 5, characterized
in that the webs (8) are thread-like or wire-shaped flexible elements (81) which hold the connecting sections (15; 25) of the two nonwoven layers (1, 2) against one another via connections (77). Upholstery according to claims 1 and 5, characterized
in that the webs (82) are tubular, textile or flexible elements whose longitudinal axis extends parallel to at least one row of springs (5) or elastic filling elements (6) and
in that the tubular elements of the webs (82) are fastened to the upper or lower nonwoven layer (1; 2) by means of seam or adhesive connection (78) in the region of each of their mutually opposite surface lines. pad
with spring elements (6) or springs (5) distributed over the surface of the pad, which are guided individually on walls of nonwoven fabric,
with upper and lower, over the surface of the pad extending, the end faces of the spring elements (6) or springs (5) cross-cover layers (31, 32),
with stabilizing compounds (7) between the elements (5) leading to adjacent springs on the one hand and between the nonwoven fabric (1, 2) and the covering layers (31, 32) on the other hand,
wherein the nonwoven fabric forming the walls and parts of the joints (7) consists of at least one nonwoven layer (1, 2) extending parallel to the cover layers (31, 32) between the walls to form connecting portions (15, 25) and for the formation of the guides for the spring elements (6) or springs (5) with deep-drawn and or compression-molded protrusions (11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24) is provided,
wherein the bulges (13) engage in frontally arranged interiors of the spring elements (6) or springs (5) and
wherein the connecting sections (15, 25) and / or the head sections of the bulges (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) of the nonwoven layer (1; 2) are joined by means of connections (7) to one of the cover layers (31 , 32), at an intermediate layer, at connecting portions (15, 25) or at head portions of the bulges (11, 12, 13, 14; 21, 22, 23, 24) of a further nonwoven layer (2; Cushion according to claim 8, characterized in that the cavities defined by the bulges (13) are filled with granules or with spring elements made of foam. Method for producing a nonwoven fabric with convexities distributed over the surface from a nonwoven web, characterized in that a nonwoven web is fed in the working direction, the fibers oriented predominantly parallel to the working direction and in a smaller amount has fibers aligned transversely thereto,
in that a row of moving punches (ST) oriented transversely to the working direction successively forms, depending on the sinking principle, a row of bulges each,
in that at least the fleece compressions (151) arising between simultaneously shaped bulges are fixed to the connecting sections (15) at least by means of adhesively acting, hardenable substances.

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