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EP1404029B1 - Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1404029B1
EP1404029B1 EP02256624A EP02256624A EP1404029B1 EP 1404029 B1 EP1404029 B1 EP 1404029B1 EP 02256624 A EP02256624 A EP 02256624A EP 02256624 A EP02256624 A EP 02256624A EP 1404029 B1 EP1404029 B1 EP 1404029B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signalling
codes
code
signalling codes
orthogonal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02256624A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1404029A1 (en
Inventor
Moray Denham Agilent Technologies UK Ltd Rumney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agilent Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Agilent Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agilent Technologies Inc filed Critical Agilent Technologies Inc
Priority to DE60224044T priority Critical patent/DE60224044T2/de
Priority to EP02256624A priority patent/EP1404029B1/en
Priority to CNA031537790A priority patent/CN1487686A/zh
Priority to JP2003320169A priority patent/JP2004120745A/ja
Priority to US10/668,547 priority patent/US7496130B2/en
Publication of EP1404029A1 publication Critical patent/EP1404029A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1404029B1 publication Critical patent/EP1404029B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/16—Code allocation
    • H04J13/18—Allocation of orthogonal codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0007—Code type
    • H04J13/004—Orthogonal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
    • H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
    • H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
    • H04B2201/70706—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation with means for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
    • H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
    • H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
    • H04B2201/7097—Direct sequence modulation interference
    • H04B2201/709709—Methods of preventing interference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur of the type occurring, for example, in a spread spectrum communications system, such as a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • the present invention also relates to a method of predicting the above-mentioned signalling code corresponding to the code spur.
  • CDMA systems allow the transmission of multiple channels of information on the same frequency at the same time.
  • each information symbol is represented by modulating the carrier using a sequence, or code, longer than the symbol.
  • each information channel is assigned a unique signalling code of a known length such that the information symbol rate of each channel is converted or "spread" to a common higher modulation rate (chip rate) for the particular system.
  • the individual channels are then summed to create a composite signal, which is transmitted by the communication system.
  • the codes chosen for each channel are mathematically orthogonal, such that the dot product of any two codes is zero.
  • any multi-frequency CDMA system is heavily dependent on controlling spectral regrowth, in order to prevent severe reduction of the capacity of the adjacent channels by the added noise.
  • transmitters are not perfectly linear and so many techniques are employed to ensure that excessive spectral regrowth does not occur. These include feed-forward and pre-distortion linearization techniques in amplifiers to try to extend the linear operating range. Another popular technique is clipping, which limits the peaks of the composite signal. This method can extend the operating range of a transmitter by several decibels, which is highly valuable in either reducing spectral regrowth or allowing the use of lower cost amplifiers with less headroom.
  • clipping helps deal with adjacent channel spectral regrowth problems, its use inevitably leads to a degradation of the quality of in-channel modulation, since some of the energy that should have been transmitted is lost. This degradation can lead to errors in the demodulation process, or a loss of margin in the channel with regard to other factors such as noise from interference sources. Consequently, the extent to which a given composite signal can be clipped is limited by the extent to which the composite signal can be de-spread and demodulated.
  • Typical commercial CDMA systems such as the Third Generation Partnership Project Wideband CDMA (3GPP W-CDMA) system and the Technical Industries of America Interim Standard 95 (TIA IS-95) system therefore specify requirements for the quality of the in-channel modulation of the given composite signal in terms of an Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) or likeness factor Rho.
  • EVM Error Vector Magnitude
  • Rho likeness factor
  • the 3GPP W-CDMA system specifies a limit to the degree the, so-called, modulation error vector can project onto any one code in the code domain at a specified spreading factor.
  • a computer program element comprising computer program code means to make a computer execute the method as in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the computer program element is embodied on a computer readable medium.
  • the microprocessor 202 is additionally arranged to perform an operation on code data received via at least three inputs 216 to a vector multiplication unit 214, the at least three inputs being respectively coupled to at least three outputs of a code prediction/allocation unit 220.
  • An output 218 of the vector multiplication unit 214 is also coupled to the code prediction/allocation unit 220, and a code allocation output 222 of the code prediction/allocation unit 220 is arranged to provide data to the first data bus 206.
  • the processor 202 determines (step 306) whether or not the calculated coincidence(s) of signalling codes constitutes an acceptable level of degradation in transmission quality. If the signalling code coincidence(s) is/are acceptable, the first set of signalling codes generated by the prediction unit 220 are passed to the DSP 204 via the first data bus 206.
  • the prediction unit 220 determines (step 308) if another set of, thus far ungenerated, signalling codes can be generated. If no further sets of signalling codes can be generated, the most acceptable set of signalling codes is passed (step 310) to the DSP 204, otherwise another set of signalling codes is generated (step 312) and the analysis of steps 302 to 308 is repeated.
  • substitution of signalling codes of the (n - x) th order with signalling codes of the n th order is achieved by means of a series of substitution steps, each step comprising the substitution of codes of an order (n - x + a) with codes of an order of (n - x + a + 1), where 'a' is a step counter variable satisfying the following inequality 0 ⁇ a ⁇ x.
  • the step counter, a is always, in this example, increased by unity.
  • a mapping table can be calculated and stored for retrieval by the prediction unit 220 when substitution of signalling codes is required.
  • the prediction unit 220 processes the signalling codes of the n th order from the first set of signalling codes and those generated by executing steps 320 to 324 according to processing steps 304 to 310 described above.
  • the result of executing the processing step 304 is the identification of code spurs at spreading codes C 6 (16), C 6 (17), C 6 (18), C 6 (19), C 6 (32), C 6 (33), C 6 (34) and C 6 (35).
  • processed digital data is passed to the RF unit 208 via the second data bus 210 for conversion into a composite RF signal that is propagated via the antenna 212.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
EP02256624A 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur Expired - Lifetime EP1404029B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60224044T DE60224044T2 (de) 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vorhersage eines Signalisierungs-Codes entsprechend eines Stör-Codes
EP02256624A EP1404029B1 (en) 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur
CNA031537790A CN1487686A (zh) 2002-09-24 2003-08-20 用于预测对应于代码凸起的信令代码的方法和设备
JP2003320169A JP2004120745A (ja) 2002-09-24 2003-09-11 符号スパーに対応するシグナリング符号を予測するための方法及び装置
US10/668,547 US7496130B2 (en) 2002-09-24 2003-09-23 Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02256624A EP1404029B1 (en) 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1404029A1 EP1404029A1 (en) 2004-03-31
EP1404029B1 true EP1404029B1 (en) 2007-12-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02256624A Expired - Lifetime EP1404029B1 (en) 2002-09-24 2002-09-24 Method and apparatus for predicting a signalling code corresponding to a code spur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7496130B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1404029B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2004120745A (zh)
CN (1) CN1487686A (zh)
DE (1) DE60224044T2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101213285B1 (ko) * 2006-01-04 2012-12-17 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신 시스템에서 아이들모드 단말기의 세션 설정 프로토콜 데이터를 전송하는 방법 및 장치
JP4345896B2 (ja) * 2006-03-22 2009-10-14 株式会社半導体理工学研究センター 無線受信装置とその復調方法
US9288089B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2016-03-15 Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) Orthogonal differential vector signaling
KR102241045B1 (ko) 2013-04-16 2021-04-19 칸도우 랩스 에스에이 고 대역폭 통신 인터페이스를 위한 방법 및 시스템
CN110266615B (zh) 2014-02-02 2022-04-29 康杜实验室公司 低isi比低功率芯片间通信方法和装置
US11240076B2 (en) 2014-05-13 2022-02-01 Kandou Labs, S.A. Vector signaling code with improved noise margin
CN106797352B (zh) * 2014-07-10 2020-04-07 康杜实验室公司 高信噪特性向量信令码
KR102372931B1 (ko) 2015-06-26 2022-03-11 칸도우 랩스 에스에이 고속 통신 시스템
US10666297B2 (en) 2017-04-14 2020-05-26 Kandou Labs, S.A. Pipelined forward error correction for vector signaling code channel
US10693473B2 (en) 2017-05-22 2020-06-23 Kandou Labs, S.A. Multi-modal data-driven clock recovery circuit
US10116468B1 (en) 2017-06-28 2018-10-30 Kandou Labs, S.A. Low power chip-to-chip bidirectional communications
US10693587B2 (en) 2017-07-10 2020-06-23 Kandou Labs, S.A. Multi-wire permuted forward error correction
WO2019133897A1 (en) 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 Kandou Labs, S.A. Synchronously-switched multi-input demodulating comparator
WO2024049482A1 (en) 2022-08-30 2024-03-07 Kandou Labs SA Pre-scaler for orthogonal differential vector signalling

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE218777T1 (de) * 1997-10-14 2002-06-15 Qualcomm Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zur messung von nichtlinearen effekten in einem kommunikationssystem und zur kanalauswahl nach den ergebnissen
AU729775B2 (en) * 1998-05-12 2001-02-08 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Device and method for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio of a mobile station's transmit power
AU7885700A (en) * 1999-09-07 2001-04-10 Ericsson Inc. Wireless communications apparatus and methods using intelligent modulation code assignment
US6191652B1 (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-02-20 Powerwave Technologies, Inc. Amplifier distortion correction using cross-modulation
EP1117184A1 (en) * 2000-01-17 2001-07-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for a CDMA cellular radio transmission system
US6982946B2 (en) * 2001-04-05 2006-01-03 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Partly orthogonal multiple code trees

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1404029A1 (en) 2004-03-31
DE60224044D1 (de) 2008-01-24
US7496130B2 (en) 2009-02-24
US20040062296A1 (en) 2004-04-01
DE60224044T2 (de) 2008-11-06
JP2004120745A (ja) 2004-04-15
CN1487686A (zh) 2004-04-07

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