EP1323499A2 - Locking or expanding pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The pliers have a toothed arc batten (11) fitted to one of the arms (4) of the pliers, in the teeth of which a locking pawl (13) fitted to the handle part of the other arm (6) engages. This pawl and its locking sector (17) are made in two parts. The spacing between the tooth engagement point of the pawl and the teeth and bearing journals can be reduced, causing the two clamping sectors (7, 9) to spring apart.

Description

The invention relates to a clamping or spreading pliers according to the generic term of claim 1.

An assembly clamp is known from catalog Gödde, 1989, page 531, as it is also used in the surgical field. The resilience is based on the resilient deformability of the pliers legs. That's how they are Culms quite slim and also the relatively long tongues. They are practically like tweezer arms. The respective clamping position leaves fix themselves with a detachable latch clamp. Corresponding tooth-like locking projections are between the stalks. The loosening causes twisting the gun arms ahead. This can lead to offset jaws.

Furthermore, versions of cable cutters and pruning shears are known (US-PS 1454917, US-PS 4062218, GB-PS 1056176) through which a toothed segment and a removable ratchet pawls are arranged so that the pliers arms are torsion-free stay. However, these solutions rely on complex gears.

A generic clamp or spreading pliers is known from US 4821610. The pawl is a simple lever there.

WO 98/14303 also describes a clamp. The two are there Gun arms essentially parallel to each other.

The clamping clamp described in US 1978543 has just like that in the US 3013456 described clamp on a one-piece pawl. In the of the clamping clamp described in FR 1347377 must the dental arch Approval can be pivoted.

Starting from a generic subject, the invention is the Advantageous further development of a clamping or spreading pliers.

The object is achieved by the invention specified in the claims.

The clamping or spreading pliers according to the invention have a pliers arm assigned dental arch, in the toothing one of the handle section the other pawl arm associated pawl engages whose First actuation of the clamp arms from a clamping position into a ventilation position disengages. The tooth mesh is only released when the button is pressed a second time.

Advantageously, the pliers arch strip is in a recess Pliers arm. This is structurally such that the pliers arch bar by means of the scissor-joint pin is pinned to and supported on the forceps arm. It is further proposed that the clamping sections of the tong arms end Wear tilting jaws. This enables in any spread position a bilateral plane-parallel grasping of a plate-shaped object. Furthermore, a contribution of the invention is that the one gun arm a Forms an opening through which the other gun arm forms an opening, through which the other pincer arm is inserted, achieving this the so-called plug type of the tool. This solution is further characterized by the fact that the inside, i.e. penetrating Forceps arm that carries the forceps bow. Proven to be operational the solution in that the pawl protrudes into the handle portion Training section. The actuating section is advantageously located in a window of the handle section. Constructionally and material-saving the measure proves that the handle section is U-shaped Has cross section, in the cavity of which the pawl rotatably lies. The Handle section itself has a bearing axis passing through the cavity for the Pawl on. It is then advantageous that the tong arms in the spreading direction the jaws are cushioned. With release of the pawl jumps the clamp is always in its open position. A measure of even more independent Significance is also that the pliers clamping force is greater is the force necessary to release the pawl. That makes a priority release and opening of the clamp without the pawl-reinforced Pliers arm would have to be gripped. The next step is that the pawl is acted upon by an arm of the spreading spring. The spreading spring thus has a double function; it acts as a pawl spring and as a return spring for the clamping pliers. The corresponding accessibility towards the pawl is achieved by one arm of the spreading spring dips a slot in the dental arch. Another characteristic is that the spreading spring is a torsion spring, whose winding through the Scissor joint pin is tied. Finally, it is suggested that the ends of the clamping sections form bearing eyes, in which bearing axes protrude from a storage pocket of the jaw. The pockets are accessible so that such jaws can be replaced using an auxiliary tool, For example, if certain gripping profiles are required. So they need Jaws only to be replaced. Finally it is achieved that maintain the clamping force by elastic deformation of the clamping sections becomes. There is a powerful one in the swivel plane of the gun arms horizontal torsion-free clamping voltage.

An advantageous development of the clamping or spreading pliers according to the invention then consists in that the pawl and the operating portion are formed in two parts. This allows the intermediate function to be switched on. The distance between the tooth engagement point of the pawl and the toothing and bearing axis for rotatable mounting of the actuating section shortened by an initial actuation of the actuating section such that the both clamping sections disengaged from the clamping position to a ventilation position be, whereby the meshing is maintained, which is a second operation of the operating section is canceled. The second operation no longer happens against the clamping force of the tool. The first actuation requires significantly reduced release force; unlocking is "softer" out. It is provided that the pawl and actuating section at Swivel the first actuation against each other and move. The postponement is made possible by a longitudinal slot penetrated by the journal the pawl. The other means are characterized by an associated with the operating section, in an angular slot the pawl engaging release pin, which in the clamping position assigned position in a substantially transverse to the connecting line from the tooth engagement point and the bearing journal extending first slot section engages and which release pin in the assigned to the ventilation position Position in a substantially parallel to the connecting line second slot section occurs. This achieved knee-like Control system works under forced control: first disengagement, then parallel shift the release pin in the latter, that is, the second slot section. The second slot section runs in the same direction as the longitudinal slot. The pawl and the actuating section are from the same arm of the spreading spring applied. This has a protective effect on the ratchet mechanism.

Fig. 1 die Klemmzange in perspektivischer Darstellung, bei geöffnetem Zangenmaul, gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 2 Position der Klemmzange in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3 den Schnitt gemäß Linie III-III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 den Schnitt gemäß Linie IV-IV in Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 die Klemmzange in Seitenansicht, jedoch bei geschlossenem Maul,

Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht gegen die rechte Seite der Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 eine parallel aufgebrochene Seitenansicht gegen die linke Seite der Fig. 5,

Fig. 8 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung, jedoch bei aufgebrochenem Gewerbebereich und Sperrklinkenbereich,

Fig. 9 die Klemmzange in Seitenansicht, bei geschlossenem Maul, gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 10 eine Seitenansicht gegen die rechte Seite der Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 eine Seitenansicht gegen die linke Seite der Fig. 9,

Fig. 12 die Klemmzange ein Objekt klemmend greifend, und zwar in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 13 die Klemmzange in einer Lüftungsstellung,

Fig. 14 die Klemmzange in Spreiz-Öffnungsstellung,

Fig. 15 den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in Position gemäß Fig. 12,

Fig. 16 den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in einer die Lüftungsstellung einleitenden Vorposition,

Fig. 17 den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich in Position gemäß Fig. 13 und

Fig. 18 den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in Position gemäß Fig. 14.

The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of two illustrative exemplary embodiments. It shows:

1 is a perspective view of the clamp pliers, with the jaws open, according to the first embodiment,

2 position of the clamp in side view,

3 shows the section along line III-III in FIG. 2,

4 shows the section along line IV-IV in FIG. 2,

5 shows the clamp in side view, but with the mouth closed,

6 is a side view against the right side of FIG. 5,

7 is a side view broken away parallel to the left side of FIG. 5,

8 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, but with the commercial area and pawl area broken open,

9 the clamping pliers in side view, with the mouth closed, according to the second embodiment,

10 is a side view against the right side of FIG. 9,

11 is a side view against the left side of FIG. 9,

12 the clamping pliers gripping an object, namely in a side view,

13 the clamping pliers in a ventilation position,

14 the clamping pliers in the spread-open position,

15 shows the opened commercial area of the clamping pliers in the position according to FIG. 12,

16 shows the opened commercial area of the clamping pliers in a preposition introducing the ventilation position,

17 shows the broken-up commercial area in position according to FIGS. 13 and

18 shows the opened commercial area of the clamping pliers in the position according to FIG. 14.

The clamp 1 shown is created in scissors-type, but under Formation of a so-called push-through joint.

With a joint-forming is a scissors-joint pin 2. It penetrates congruently eyes 3 lying in the intersection of two tong arms 4, 5. The one labeled 4 The arm of the pliers is the one that is inside, that is to say penetrating.

The gun arms 4, 5 are made of plastic. They are more material-saving Cross-sectional shape generated, so preferably hollowed opening mouth and gusset.

The tongs arm 4 forms a handle section 6 that serves for operating the handle and has a clamping section 7 which effects the grasping of an object. Likewise, the gripper arm 5 has a corresponding grip section 8 and a clamping section 9. In the area of trade G of the in Art of a pair of scissors arms 4, 5 connected to one another Directional offset of the sections 6 - 9 instead, this in such a way that the tong arms 4, 5 practically form a Z-shaped floor plan. This leads to a clear one Widening between the changing parts of the gun arms 4, 5th

The tong arms 4, 5 can be locked in a clamping position. That affects both the maximum closed position of the jaws 10 of the clamp 1 as well Intermediate positions up to the maximum stop-defined spread position of the mouth-side clamping sections 7, 9. A is used for the relevant locking Toothed strip 11. The teeth 12 is sawtooth-like. The bow goes around a radius R, the radius point of which is the geometric axis of the scissors-type pivot 2 poses.

The dental arch 11 is assigned to a pliers arm 4. It can be integral be molded on. However, it is preferred that the dental arch strip 11 consists of a harder plastic than that of the tong arms 4, 5. In such a case, preference is given to the multi-part structure.

A pawl 13 cooperates with the toothing 12. That is in the area of the grip section 8 of the gripped arm 5 protected, nevertheless but conveniently accessible for operation. The pawl 13 has the corresponding counter toothing 14. Both the steep flank of the toothing 12 and that of the counter-toothing 14 is on the radius point of the Scissor joint pin 2 directed. The respective tooth back shows that from the Representation of the typical sawtooth bevel.

As can be seen from the drawing, there is the pincer strip 11 in a recess 15 of the penetrating pliers arm 4 near the trade. The segmental bar is of such an outline that its bondage through the scissor joint pin 2, which is present anyway, can be effected, which thus pincer bow 11 pinned to the pincer arm 4. The pincer bow 11 has an eye congruent with eye 3 on. The recess 15 is further of such a contour that the segment-shaped Pincer arch 11 also on both sides of the rotary plane of the scissor joint is supported. It is literally pocketed. The whole is broadside still occupied by wall sections of the penetrating pliers arm 4 and still by those of the pliers arm 5, for inserting the pliers arm 4 serving opening bears the reference number 16.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the pawl 13 lies at the commercial end of the Handle section 8 placed so that an operating section 17 from the outside accessible from the side. It is a pushbutton, so to speak. The lies in the region of a depression 18. The latter lies on the outside of the handle section 8 and acts as a tactile destination for the exercise. The Everything is in the grip area of the hand, and so easily accessible.

The pawl 13 forms one with the addition of the operating portion 17 Double lever, pivoted about an axis 19 inside the hollow Handle section 8. The axis 19 is on the gusset side behind a window 20 of said handle section 8. The latter is located in the U-web of the cross section U-shaped handle section 8 leaving a cavity 21. The pawl 13 finds its actuation end stop at a lower window section. The tilt angle of the pawl 13 is on the depth of toothing matched.

As can be seen, the pawl 13 is quasi double-tailed. The two Tails 22 and 23 point towards the end of the handle and leave between there is a storage trough 24. This, as it were, overlaps the bearing eye more than half of the lateral wall of the cylindrical physical axis 19. That justifies a bondage. Other means of security can be dispensed with.

The tail 23 closer to the trade G has an additional function to. This tail 23 of the pawl 13 is namely one Arm 25 of an expansion spring 26 loaded. The burden goes in the sense of ratchet intervention the pawl 13 towards the toothing 12. The other arm 27 the spreading spring 26 realized as a torsion spring loads the penetrating one Forceps arm 4, more precisely its commercial end region of the handle section 6th

The spreading spring 26 is preloaded and thus acts on the clamping sections 7, 9 of the clamp pliers 1, that the clamp arms 4, 5 in the spreading direction the jaws 28 are loaded.

The spreading spring 26 is tied up using the winding cavity the turn 29 of the torsion spring. This cavity penetrates the Scissor pivot pin 2 of trade G.

Since with regard to the spreading spring 26 with regard to the dental arch 11 a space requirement there is the dental arch 11 to accommodate the turn 29 and slotted in the direction of the pawl 13 arm 25. The slot of the arched strip 11 bears the reference number 30. Also with respect to the Tail 23 is a directionally subsequent slit to secure the position of the arm 25 realized.

The clamping jaws 28 are assigned to the clamping sections 7, 9 so as to be articulated. The corresponding geometric axes extend parallel to the space the scissor joint pin 2. The ends of the clamping sections can be seen 7, 9 bearing eyes 31. In the bearing axes 32 are snapped. The eyes corresponding slots are located upstream. These can be used for bearing axles Tie 32 of the jaws 28 comfortably. The storage bags are like this trained that an access remains for attaching a release tool, so that the jaws 28 are interchangeable.

The function of the clamp pliers 1 is as follows: starting from that shown in FIG. 2 stop-limited basic spread position of the tong arms 4, 5 their mouth 10 shrink while detecting an object. This happens by gently pressing the handle sections 6 and 8 against each other against the action of the spreading spring 26. The opposing flat rarities the clamping jaws 28 can rest on, for example, a plate-shaped object, pivoting about the bearing axles 32, move into a full system. thereupon the clamping pressure is exerted. The clamp 1 then holds itself stuck to the object. The resilience remains due to an elastic deformation of the Maintain clamping sections 7, 9.

As can be seen in FIG. 7, the clamping surfaces of the clamping jaws 28 can also be profiled his. A symmetrical square cross-sectional profile is shown 33 in the form of proportionate V-channels, which run transversely to the swivel plane of the tong arms 4, 5 lie. To ensure the necessary resilience of the gun arms 4, 5 ensure that their U-profile cross-section is through one of the U-bottom outgoing longitudinal web 34 reinforced.

If the clamping effect is to be removed, it suffices to use the number 6 Grip section, d. H. in the hand cavity, and with one Fingers of this operating hand to press the pawl 13 alone. It will freaked out. The clamp pliers 1 spring-loaded in their basic spread position 2 back. The clamp force is greater than that for Release of the pawl 13 necessary force.

The spreading spring 26 serves both as a return spring of the clamp pliers 1 and to load the pawl 13 in the direction of engagement.

If the clamp 1 is in a space-saving storage or packaging position brought, only the handle sections 8, 9 need each other to be moved. The pawl 13 ratchets over the teeth 12 of the dental arch 11. There is then a self-locking Closed position in the manner described above by pressing the Actuation button 17 can be canceled again.

The actuating section 17 or the pawl 13 which provides it is expedient contrasting colors.

The clamping or spreading pliers according to the second exemplary embodiment (FIG. 9 ff.) is pawl / operating section except for a special design of the functional parts 13/17 basically the same structure. The reference numbers are applied analogously, sometimes without repetitions.

So pawl 13 and the actuating section 17 are no longer in one piece, but formed in two parts, this in terms of articulation and displacement Assignment.

The operating section 17 acting as a swivel pushbutton sits on the the rotatable mounting of the actuating section providing axis, further referred to as journal 19 in the pliers arm 5. Also one of the pawl 13 protruding pawl tail 35 is tied over the bearing pin 19. Said pawl tail 35 has an opening in the form of a Longitudinal slot 36 on. The latter allows a limited shift in the Pawl 13 relative to the pin. The longitudinal slot 36 extends in the direction essentially tangential, but at a distance from the dental arch 11 of the gun arm 4.

A second, closer to the pawl 13 tying the pawl tail 35 is given in the form of an angular slot 37. This Slot 37 lies between the longitudinal slot 36 and a neck 38 of the pawl 13. The plate-shaped pawl tail 35 has the necessary Spread out.

As can be seen, the angular slot 37 is a heart-shaped one By refraction. It is rectangular and has a first slot section 37 'on. Roughly speaking, it is aligned with the scissors-joint pin 2 or extends in the clamping position of the clamp 1 across a connecting line x-x between tooth engagement point 39 of the pawl 13 and the Bearing journal 19. Its side F on the pawl head side is undercut-like. It lies slightly below 90 ° to the x-x line.

The second slot section 37 "extends in one in said position essentially parallel to the connection line x-x extending direction.

A release pin serves as a restraining means towards the actuating section 17 40. The switches from the first when the locking device is actuated Slot portion 37 'of the angular slot 37 in the second slot portion 37 "of the same.

The second slot section 37 "extends in the same direction as the longitudinal slot 36. Both are of equal length. The axial length of the release pin 40 corresponds essentially the thickness of the likewise plate-shaped actuating section 17. The actuating section points to the entry of the ends of the release pin 40 17 each have a bearing eye 41. In the receiving area of the pawl tail 35 is the operating section 17 with a receiving shaft 42 provided, the need for movement of the recorded therein Pawl tail 35 is dimensioned accordingly. The lockable copy the pawl 13 is outside the outline of the operating portion 17th or the guide pocket provided by him and is visibly widened at the end.

As can be seen from the drawings, it is not only the actuating section that is used here 17 by the arm 25 of the spreading spring 26 in the direction of a basic position acted upon, but also the nested body of the Pawl tail 35. The flattened ends of the release pin 40 lead to the inside of the window 20 of the gripper arm 5. The bearing eye for the bearing pin 19 is designated 43. this Bearing eye 43 of the actuating section 17 lies congruently aligned Bore 44 in the grip section 8 of the gripper arm 5 opposite.

Longitudinal slot 34 and angular slot 37 allow pawl 13 and the actuating section 17 against each other during the initial actuation in the tensioned position swivel and move. The pivoting takes place primarily. This actuation causes the distance between the meshing point 39 of pawl 13 and teeth 12 and the bearing axis 19 through an initial actuation of the actuating section 17 is shortened such that the two clamping sections 7, 9 from the clamping position (see FIGS. 12 and 15) in one Fan position (see. Fig. 13 and 17) are disengaged. 17 remains as shown in FIG. 17 removable, the tooth engagement between the teeth 12 of the dental arch bar 11 and the counter teeth 14 of the pawl 13 received. That here disengagement taking place is shortened by that by the second slot section 37 "given clearance, the support length between the forceps engagement point 39 and the bearing journal 19. In the area of trade G there is a limited one Opening movement instead, which the jaws 28 of a gripped object 45 lifts off (see FIG. 13). The whole thing is accordingly achieved through the backdrop slot-like Control of the ratchet unit, that is, via the actuating section 17 assigned, in the angular slot 37 of the pawl 13 engaging release pin 40. It is in the clamping position assigned position in the substantially transverse to the connecting line x-x from tooth engagement point 39 and bearing pin 19 extending first slot section 37 'in locking engagement, supported by the flank F, and in which the Ventilation position in the position essentially parallel to Connecting line x-x extending second slot section 37 ". This goes over the intermediate position shown in Fig. 16, in which the flank support of the Slot section 37 'comes to an end. The release pin 40 moves over the Vertex zone in the other, ie second slot section 37 "or the pawl tail 35 overflows this. This shift takes place without pivoting with respect to the operating section 17 according to the same direction Course of slot section 37 "and longitudinal slot 36. The slot longitudinal axes can even be aligned coaxially. In this bondage position the now functionally one-piece pawl 13/17 in the sense of further actuation usable, d. H. it becomes the second operation of the operating section 17 initiated, the locking tooth engagement 12/14 canceled becomes. The tool can move into the maximum spread position according to FIG. 18, forming a large forceps jaw 10 for grasping the object 45.

As can be seen in FIG. 17, the meshing there is limited to that above end tooth and, if necessary, partial intervention of the next tooth. This Position can be easily released; it is because the lockout is full Teeth face multiple entanglement according to sawtooth-like structure. The bulky Flanks of the teeth and tooth gaps provide before unlocking always a short, firm tightening first. The lower one can be seen according to FIG. 17 End tooth of the counter toothing 14 of the pawl and much of the next teeth already out of engagement with the toothing 12.

All of the features disclosed are (in themselves) essential to the invention. In the revelation the disclosure also hereby includes the disclosure content of the associated / attached Priority documents (copy of the pre-registration) in full included, also for the purpose, characteristics of these documents in To include claims of the present application.

Claims (11)

Clamping or expanding pliers with two pliers arms (4, 5) connected to each other in the manner of a scissor joint, which form grip sections (6, 8) at one end and clamping sections (7, 9) that can be moved towards one another when the handle is actuated, the two pliers arms (4, 5) can be locked in different positions of the clamping sections (7, 9) in clamping positions, with a toothed arch bar (11) assigned to a pliers arm (4), in the toothing (12) of which a pawl (13) assigned to the handle section of the other pliers arm (5) engages, characterized by an actuating section (17) assigned to the pawl (13), the first actuation of which disengages the two clamping sections (7, 9) from the clamping position into a ventilation position, the tooth engagement (12/14) being retained, which tooth engagement (12 / 14) is canceled when the actuating section (17) is actuated a second time. Clamping or expanding pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the tooth engagement point (39) of the pawl (13) and the toothing (12) and a bearing pin (19) for the rotatable mounting of the actuating section (17) by the first actuation of the actuating section (17th ) can be changed, in particular shortened, by the first actuation of the actuating section (17). Clamping or spreading pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the pawl (13) and the actuating section (17) pivot against each other and shift during the first actuation. Clamping or spreading pliers according to claim 2, characterized in that the displacement is made possible as a result of a longitudinal slot (36) in the pawl (13) penetrated by the bearing journal (19). Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a release pin (40) assigned to the actuating section (17) and engaging in an angular slot (37) of the pawl (13), which in the position assigned to the clamping position in a substantially transverse manner engages with the first slot section (37 ') extending to the connecting line (xx) of the tooth engagement point (39) and the bearing pin (19) and which disengaging pin (40) in the position assigned to the ventilation position in a second slot section (37) running essentially parallel to the connecting line (xx) ") occurs, which second slot section (37") runs in particular in the same direction as the longitudinal slot (36). Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pawl (13) and the actuating section (17) are acted upon by the same arm (25) of the expanding spring (26). Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping sections (7, 9) of the pliers arms (4, 5) carry clamping jaws (28) which can be tilted at the end. Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the one plier arm (5) forms an opening (16) through which the other plier arm (4) is inserted. Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating section (17) lies in a window (20) of the handle section (8). Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends of the clamping sections (7, 9) form bearing eyes (31) into which bearing axes (32) of a bearing pocket of the clamping jaw (28) protrude. Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping force is maintained by an elastic deformation of the clamping sections (7, 9).

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