EP0800188A1 - Lockable emergency stop button - Google Patents
Lockable emergency stop button Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0800188A1 EP0800188A1 EP97400421A EP97400421A EP0800188A1 EP 0800188 A1 EP0800188 A1 EP 0800188A1 EP 97400421 A EP97400421 A EP 97400421A EP 97400421 A EP97400421 A EP 97400421A EP 0800188 A1 EP0800188 A1 EP 0800188A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pull tab
- lug
- stop button
- emergency stop
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
- H01H9/28—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for locking switch parts by a key or equivalent removable member
- H01H9/281—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for locking switch parts by a key or equivalent removable member making use of a padlock
- H01H9/282—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for locking switch parts by a key or equivalent removable member making use of a padlock and a separate part mounted or mountable on the switch assembly and movable between an unlocking position and a locking position where it can be secured by the padlock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
- H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a padlockable emergency stop button disposed on a mounting wall and comprising a control head, which head is capable of acting on electrical contacts, on the one hand by moving in translation along a determined axis , from an on position to a locked off position, and on the other hand by turning around this axis to be unlocked in order to return to the on position.
- the invention aims to allow padlocking very simply and compactly an emergency stop button unlockable by rotation, of the type described.
- a lug is integral with the control head, preferably with a tubular skirt of the latter, projecting radially outwards, and a pulling rod for locking the control head is provided, this pull tab being movable in translation in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the emergency stop button, from a locking position to an unlocking position, and having a stop element in rotation of the lug as well as at least one passage opening for a padlock.
- the zipper can advantageously be provided with a projection intended to cooperate by abutment with the lug of the skirt so that in the on position it prevents the pulling out of the zipper and / or in the stopped position it prevents inadvertent ascent of the control head.
- the element for stopping the rotation of the lug is an abutment face provided in a longitudinal bar of the pull tab to block the lug in rotation, near a window formed in the bar to let the rotating lug. It is more advantageous that the padlocking orifice is hidden in the unlocked position by guide surfaces of the zipper.
- Figure 1 shows in elevation an emergency stop button in the on position.
- Figure 2 shows the emergency stop button in the locked and locked stop position.
- Figures 3 and 4 show in section along the plane P of Figures 1 and 2 the emergency stop button in the corresponding positions.
- Figure 5 shows in perspective the blocking tab associated with the emergency stop button.
- the emergency stop button 10 illustrated in the figures comprises a control head 11 provided with a tubular skirt 12 and a pusher 13 actuated by this head to act on an electrical appliance, not shown, which is housed behind a cover, a partition or other mounting wall such as a cabinet wall 14.
- the emergency stop button 10 is for example fixed to the wall 14 by means of a nut 15.
- the tubular skirt 12 of the emergency stop button has a projecting radial outwardly a lug 16 provided to cooperate with a locking zipper 20.
- the zipper is movable in translation in a direction Y normal to X and can take a unlocking position (see figures 1 and 3) and a locking position (see figures 2 and 4) of the emergency stop button.
- the pull tab 20 is disposed on the side of the emergency stop button where the lug is located and comprises a longitudinal strip 21 provided near a gripping end 22 with a padlocking orifice 23, which can receive at least one padlock; one could of course provide several orifices 23.
- the bar 21 is provided in its middle with a window 24 for passage of the lug 16 and, near this window, with a stop face 25 for the 'lug. Instead of this window, it is of course possible to provide any other free passage space for the lug.
- the window 24 allows, in the unlocked position of the zipper, the passage of the lug 16 (as indicated in dashes in Figure 3) , while the abutment face 25 prohibits, in the locking position of the zipper, the passage of the lug 16 (as indicated in dashes in FIG. 4).
- the pull tab 20 has guide faces 27a, b and 28a, b which cooperate with corresponding guide walls 31a, b and 32a, b provided in a housing 30; it is integral with the mounting wall 14 and comes for example from molding with it.
- the housing 30 finally has a shoulder or a projection 33 which extends parallel to the plane P and perpendicular to the direction X; the advance prevents, when the head 11 is out, from extracting the zipper, by virtue of its abutment against the lug 16 and, when the head 11 is pressed in the stopped position and the zipper has been put in the locking position, the raising of the lug, thereby contributing to the safety of the device.
- the mounting wall 14 further comprises guide walls 34, 35 which serve on the one hand to guide the zipper, on the other hand to mask the padlocking orifice 23 of the zipper when it is in its locked position.
- the bar 21 has a latching element 36 such as a pin, lug, hard point or elastic tab to cooperate with a complementary latching element 37 provided in an adjacent wall, for example in the guide wall 34 or 35, to keep the pull tab in the locked position. Maintaining the zipper in the unlocking position is ensured by friction of the various guide surfaces and possibly by the presence of a hard point.
- An elastic return element can of course be associated with the pull tab.
- the emergency stop button described works as follows.
- the head of the emergency stop button is extended ( Figure 1). Note that in this operating state, the zipper cannot be brought from its position in Figure 1 to that of FIG. 2 because its projection 33 abuts against a side of the lug 16. If the operator wishes to stop the device, he presses on the head 11 (FIG. 2), the lug 16 remaining in the nominal angular position indicated in solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 3. The head then remains locked in this position by its locking means, not shown.
- the operator pulls the pull tab to move it from the position in FIG. 3 to that of FIG. 4. He can therefore introduce a padlock through the orifice 23 now released, which blocks the head in the off position: indeed, any attempt to rotate the head clockwise is doomed to failure, since the lug 16 abuts against the face 25 of the zipper (in dashes in Figure 4).
- the pull tab is held in the locking position by the latching elements 36,37.
- remove the padlock push the zipper back to the position in Figure 3 and rotate the head clockwise as indicated above.
Landscapes
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Preventing Unauthorised Actuation Of Valves (AREA)
- Displays For Variable Information Using Movable Means (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un bouton d'arrêt d'urgence cadenassable disposé sur une paroi de montage et comprenant une tête de commande, laquelle tête est apte à agir sur des contacts électriques, d'une part en se déplaçant en translation selon un axe déterminé, d'une position marche à une position arrêt verrouillée, et d'autre part en tournant autour de cet axe pour être déverrouillée afin de revenir à la position marche.The present invention relates to a padlockable emergency stop button disposed on a mounting wall and comprising a control head, which head is capable of acting on electrical contacts, on the one hand by moving in translation along a determined axis , from an on position to a locked off position, and on the other hand by turning around this axis to be unlocked in order to return to the on position.
Il existe déjà de nombreux dispositifs permettant de cadenasser des manettes ou boutons d'actionnement d'appareils électriques dans une position contraignant ceux-ci à rester à l'arrêt (voir par exemple le document EP-202 991). Ces dispositifs interviennent soit pour bloquer en position arrêt un bouton commandant à la fois la marche et l'arrêt de l'appareil, soit pour bloquer en position inactive un bouton commandant uniquement la marche de l'appareil. L'application des dispositifs connus à un bouton d'arrêt d'urgence n'est cependant pas aisée puisque la tête du bouton est enfoncée dans sa position arrêt.There are already many devices for padlocking levers or buttons for actuating electrical devices in a position forcing them to remain stationary (see for example document EP-202 991). These devices intervene either to block in the off position a button controlling both the on and off of the device, or to block in the inactive position a button controlling only the operation of the device. The application of known devices to an emergency stop button is however not easy since the head of the button is pressed into its stop position.
L'invention vise à permettre de cadenasser très simplement et de manière peu encombrante un bouton d'arrêt d'urgence déverrouillable par rotation, du type décrit.The invention aims to allow padlocking very simply and compactly an emergency stop button unlockable by rotation, of the type described.
Selon l'invention, un ergot est solidaire de la tête de commande, de préférence d'une jupe tubulaire de celle-ci, en saillie radiale vers l'extérieur, et il est prévu une tirette de blocage de la tête de commande, cette tirette étant déplaçable en translation selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe du bouton d'arrêt d'urgence, d'une position de blocage à une position de déblocage, et présentant un élément d'arrêt en rotation de l'ergot ainsi qu'au moins un orifice de passage pour un cadenas. De plus, la tirette peut être avantageusement dotée d'une avancée prévue pour coopérer par butée avec l'ergot de la jupe afin qu'en position marche elle empêche de sortir la tirette et/ou qu'en position arrêt elle empêche la remontée intempestive de la tête de commande.According to the invention, a lug is integral with the control head, preferably with a tubular skirt of the latter, projecting radially outwards, and a pulling rod for locking the control head is provided, this pull tab being movable in translation in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the emergency stop button, from a locking position to an unlocking position, and having a stop element in rotation of the lug as well as at least one passage opening for a padlock. In addition, the zipper can advantageously be provided with a projection intended to cooperate by abutment with the lug of the skirt so that in the on position it prevents the pulling out of the zipper and / or in the stopped position it prevents inadvertent ascent of the control head.
De préférence, l'élément d'arrêt en rotation de l'ergot est une face de butée prévue dans une barrette longitudinale de la tirette pour bloquer l'ergot en rotation, près d'une fenêtre ménagée dans la barrette pour laisser passer l'ergot en rotation. Il est de plus avantageux que l'orifice de cadenassage soit masqué en position de déblocage par des surfaces de guidage de la tirette.Preferably, the element for stopping the rotation of the lug is an abutment face provided in a longitudinal bar of the pull tab to block the lug in rotation, near a window formed in the bar to let the rotating lug. It is more advantageous that the padlocking orifice is hidden in the unlocked position by guide surfaces of the zipper.
La description qui va être faite d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, en regard des dessins annexés, explicite les avantages et résultats de celle-ci.The description which will be given of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, explains the advantages and results of the latter.
La figure 1 représente en élévation un bouton d'arrêt d'urgence en position marche.Figure 1 shows in elevation an emergency stop button in the on position.
La figure 2 montre le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence en position arrêt verrouillée et bloquée.Figure 2 shows the emergency stop button in the locked and locked stop position.
Les figures 3 et 4 représentent en coupe selon le plan P des figures 1 et 2 le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence dans les positions correspondantes.Figures 3 and 4 show in section along the plane P of Figures 1 and 2 the emergency stop button in the corresponding positions.
La figure 5 montre en perspective la tirette de blocage associée au bouton d'arrêt d'urgence.Figure 5 shows in perspective the blocking tab associated with the emergency stop button.
Le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence 10 illustré sur les figures comprend une tête de commande 11 munie d'une jupe tubulaire 12 et un poussoir 13 actionné par cette tête pour agir sur un appareil électrique non représenté qui est logé derrière un capot, une cloison ou autre paroi de montage telle qu'une paroi de coffret 14. Le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence 10 est par exemple fixé à la paroi 14 au moyen d'un écrou 15.The
Il est du type coup de poing à déverrouillage par rotation, c'est-à-dire qu'il peut passer d'une position "marche" dans laquelle la tête est sortie (figure 1) à une position "arrêt" dans laquelle la tête est rentrée (figure 2), ce passage ayant lieu sous l'effet d'une poussée exercée manuellement par l'opérateur selon un axe X. Le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence reste maintenu dans la position arrêt par des moyens de verrouillage non représentés, jusqu'à ce que l'opérateur exerce sur la tête une impulsion de rotation en sens horaire autour de l'axe X, la tête revenant alors à sa position marche.It is of the punch type with unlocking by rotation, that is to say it can pass from a "on" position in which the head is out (FIG. 1) to a "off" position in which the head is retracted (Figure 2), this passage taking place under the effect of a push exerted manually by the operator along an axis X. The emergency stop button remains held in the stop position by locking means not shown, until the operator exerts on the head a clockwise rotation pulse about the X axis, the head then returning to its on position.
La jupe tubulaire 12 du bouton d'arrêt d'urgence présente en saillie radiale vers l'extérieur un ergot 16 prévu pour coopérer avec une tirette de blocage 20. La tirette est déplaçable en translation selon une direction Y normale à X et peut prendre une position de déblocage (voir figures 1 et 3) et une position de blocage (voir figures 2 et 4) du bouton d'arrêt d'urgence.The
Comme on le voit mieux figure 3, la tirette 20 est disposée du côté du bouton d'arrêt d'urgence où se trouve l'ergot et comprend une barrette longitudinale 21 dotée près d'une extrémité de préhension 22 d'un orifice de cadenassage 23, qui peut recevoir au moins un cadenas ; on pourrait bien sûr prévoir plusieurs orifices 23. D'autre part, la barrette 21 est munie en son milieu d'une fenêtre 24 de passage de l'ergot 16 et, près de cette fenêtre, d'une face de butée 25 pour l'ergot. Au lieu de cette fenêtre, on peut bien sûr prévoir tout autre espace de libre passage de l'ergot. Quand on veut faire tourner la tête 11 en sens horaire jusqu'à sa position de déverrouillage,la fenêtre 24 autorise, dans la position de déblocage de la tirette, le passage de l'ergot 16 (comme indiqué en tirets sur la figure 3), tandis que la face de butée 25 interdit, dans la position de blocage de la tirette, le passage de l'ergot 16 (comme indiqué en tirets sur la figure 4).As best seen in Figure 3, the
A son extrémité 26 opposée à l'extrémité de préhension 22, la tirette 20 présente des faces de guidage 27a,b et 28a,b qui coopèrent avec des parois correspondantes de guidage 31a,b et 32a,b prévues dans un logement 30 ; celui-ci est solidaire de la paroi de montage 14 et vient par exemple de moulage avec elle. Le logement 30 présente enfin un épaulement ou une avancée 33 qui s'étend parallèlement au plan P et perpendiculairement à la direction X ; l'avancée empêche, lorsque la tête 11 est sortie, d'extraire la tirette, grâce à sa butée contre l'ergot 16 et, lorsque la tête 11 est enfoncée en position arrêt et que la tirette a été mise en position de blocage, la remontée de l'ergot, en contribuant ainsi à la sécurité du dispositif.At its
Près de l'extrémité de préhension 22, la paroi de montage 14 comprend en outre des parois de guidage 34,35 qui servent d'une part à guider la tirette, d'autre part à masquer l'orifice de cadenassage 23 de la tirette quand celle-ci est dans sa position de blocage.Near the gripping
On notera que la barrette 21 présente un élément d'encliquetage 36 tel qu'un pion, ergot, point dur ou patte élastique pour coopérer avec un élément complémentaire d'encliquetage 37 prévu dans une paroi adjacente, par exemple dans !a paroi de guidage 34 ou 35, afin de maintenir la tirette en position de blocage. Le maintien de la tirette en position de déblocage est assuré par frottement des diverses surfaces de guidage et éventuellement par présence d'un point dur. Un élément élastique de rappel peut bien entendu être associé à la tirette.Note that the
Le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence décrit fonctionne de la manière suivante.The emergency stop button described works as follows.
L'appareil électrique étant supposé initialement en marche, la tête du bouton d'arrêt d'urgence est sortie (figure 1).On notera que dans cet état de fonctionnement la tirette ne peut pas être amenée de sa position de la figure 1 à celle de la figure 2 car son avancée 33 bute contre un flanc de l'ergot 16. Si l'opérateur désire arrêter l'appareil, il appuie sur la tête 11 (figure 2), l'ergot 16 restant dans la position angulaire nominale indiquée en traits pleins sur les figures 1 et 3. La tête reste alors verrouillée dans cette position par ses moyens de verrouillage non représentés.With the electrical appliance initially assumed to be on, the head of the emergency stop button is extended (Figure 1). Note that in this operating state, the zipper cannot be brought from its position in Figure 1 to that of FIG. 2 because its
S'il ne souhaite pas bloquer le bouton, l'opérateur laisse la tirette dans la position indiquée figures 1 et 3 ; il peut déverrouiller la tête en la faisant tourner en sens horaire puisque l'ergot, pouvant passer librement à travers la fenêtre 24, est alors amené à la position en tirets de la figure 3. La tête est repoussée vers le haut et retourne à sa position angulaire initiale sous l'effet de moyens élastiques propres et le bouton d'arrêt d'urgence revient ainsi à la position marche.If he does not wish to block the button, the operator leaves the zipper in the position indicated in Figures 1 and 3; it can unlock the head by turning it clockwise since the lug, which can pass freely through the
S'il souhaite bloquer le bouton, l'opérateur tire la tirette pour la faire passer de la position de la figure 3 à celle de la figure 4. Il peut dès lors introduire un cadenas par l'orifice 23 maintenant dégagé, ce qui bloque la tête en position arrêt : en effet, toute tentative de faire tourner la tête en sens horaire est vouée à l'insuccès, puisque l'ergot 16 bute contre la face 25 de la tirette (en tirets sur la figure 4). La tirette est maintenue en position de blocage par les éléments d'encliquetage 36,37. Pour débloquer le bouton, il convient d'ôter le cadenas, de repousser la tirette vers la position de la figure 3 et de faire tourner la tête en sens horaire comme indiqué précédemment.If he wishes to block the button, the operator pulls the pull tab to move it from the position in FIG. 3 to that of FIG. 4. He can therefore introduce a padlock through the
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9604431A FR2747230B1 (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1996-04-05 | PADLOCKABLE EMERGENCY STOP BUTTON |
| FR9604431 | 1996-04-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0800188A1 true EP0800188A1 (en) | 1997-10-08 |
| EP0800188B1 EP0800188B1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
Family
ID=9491047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97400421A Expired - Lifetime EP0800188B1 (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1997-02-26 | Lockable emergency stop button |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5808252A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0800188B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100485427B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1065358C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69711975T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2747230B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW316989B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4029664B2 (en) * | 2002-05-27 | 2008-01-09 | 富士電機機器制御株式会社 | Circuit breaker |
| FR2863401B1 (en) * | 2003-12-09 | 2006-01-13 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | PUSH-BUTTON PADLOCKABLE |
| EP2410546B1 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2014-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Locking push button |
| AU2012249858B2 (en) | 2011-04-26 | 2015-03-12 | Master Lock Company Llc | Lockout device |
| DE202012102471U1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-09-07 | Cybex Gmbh | Child seat for attachment to a motor vehicle seat |
| FR3000286B1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-08-21 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | CONTROL SYSTEM INCLUDING A FIXED EMERGENCY STOP BUTTON AND A MOBILE EMERGENCY STOP BUTTON |
| KR101601393B1 (en) | 2014-02-20 | 2016-03-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Emergency button for vehicle |
| CN107799337B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-05-19 | 珠海优特电力科技股份有限公司 | Switch button locking device |
| IT201800000547A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-04 | Gewiss Spa | ROTARY DISCONNECTOR WITH PADLOCKABLE CONTROL KNOB |
| CN111354590B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-09-30 | 上海科世达-华阳汽车电器有限公司 | Automotive electronics shift system and automotive electronics button structure of shifting |
| WO2024017497A1 (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-25 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Actuation knob with integrated padlocking link |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8704026U1 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1987-05-14 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Stop switch |
| DE8907888U1 (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1989-08-10 | TRIPUS-Kunststoffteile GmbH, 89312 Günzburg | Device for switching electrical devices on and off |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3624321A (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1971-11-30 | Square D Co | Manually operated toggle acting switch having a padlock receiving locking member |
| JPS519442A (en) * | 1974-07-12 | 1976-01-26 | Asahi Optical Co Ltd | |
| FR2688341B1 (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1994-05-20 | Telemecanique | CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH PIVOTING CONTROL BUTTONS. |
| FR2701159B1 (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-03-31 | Merlin Gerin | Mechanical and electrical locking device for a remote control unit for modular circuit breaker. |
| FR2701617B1 (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1995-04-14 | Merlin Gerin | Circuit breaker with remote control and sectioning function. |
-
1996
- 1996-04-05 FR FR9604431A patent/FR2747230B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-26 DE DE69711975T patent/DE69711975T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 EP EP97400421A patent/EP0800188B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-06 TW TW086102722A patent/TW316989B/en active
- 1997-03-06 US US08/813,035 patent/US5808252A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-02 CN CN97110225A patent/CN1065358C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-04 KR KR1019970012528A patent/KR100485427B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8704026U1 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1987-05-14 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Stop switch |
| DE8907888U1 (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1989-08-10 | TRIPUS-Kunststoffteile GmbH, 89312 Günzburg | Device for switching electrical devices on and off |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5808252A (en) | 1998-09-15 |
| CN1065358C (en) | 2001-05-02 |
| FR2747230A1 (en) | 1997-10-10 |
| EP0800188B1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| FR2747230B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 |
| KR100485427B1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| CN1167997A (en) | 1997-12-17 |
| TW316989B (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| DE69711975D1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
| DE69711975T2 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| KR970071878A (en) | 1997-11-07 |
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