EP0795349B1 - Device and process for evaporating a liquid - Google Patents
Device and process for evaporating a liquid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0795349B1 EP0795349B1 EP96107773A EP96107773A EP0795349B1 EP 0795349 B1 EP0795349 B1 EP 0795349B1 EP 96107773 A EP96107773 A EP 96107773A EP 96107773 A EP96107773 A EP 96107773A EP 0795349 B1 EP0795349 B1 EP 0795349B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- heating fluid
- liquid
- passages
- pressure column
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
- F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/10—Boiler-condenser with superposed stages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/902—Apparatus
- Y10S62/903—Heat exchange structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for evaporating a liquid with a first and a second heat exchanger, both heat exchangers Evaporation passages as well as passages for a heating fluid contain the first Heat exchanger as falling film evaporator and the second heat exchanger as Liquid bath evaporator is formed, the first heat exchanger means for Introducing heating fluid and means for withdrawing heating fluid and wherein the second heat exchanger has means for introducing heating fluid.
- Liquid bath evaporator also thermosiphon evaporator called, are in a liquid bath, the evaporation passages communicate with the liquid bath and the vapor formed from the top the evaporation passages. With falling film evaporators, the liquid flows as Film over the walls of the evaporation passages and partially evaporates; the formed vapor flows down with the liquid and is at the bottom of the Evaporation passages are subtracted together with the liquid portion. Both types have disadvantages.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a device at the outset mentioned type to develop, which is particularly inexpensive, especially very can be made compact.
- the means for withdrawing heating fluid the first heat exchanger in flow communication with the means for Introduce heating fluid into the second heat exchanger.
- the two Heat exchangers are also connected in series on the heating fluid side, in such a way that the heating fluid first passes through the heating fluid passages of the falling film evaporator and the heating fluid emerging from the falling film evaporator at least partially, preferably completely or substantially completely the heating fluid passages of the Liquid bath evaporator is supplied.
- Each of the heat exchangers Invention can be formed from one or more blocks.
- the liquid bath evaporator in the form of two or more side by side to arrange arranged blocks.
- the distribution of the heating fluid between the two Heat exchanger not to be regulated can be direct, for example through a single short tube - to be connected.
- the device according to the invention can thus be produced very inexpensively.
- the two are preferred Heat exchanger formed as a block, the upper portion of the block forms the first heat exchanger and the lower section of the block forms the forms the second heat exchanger. This eliminates the need for the heating fluid collect at the lower end of the first heat exchanger (falling film evaporator) and then again on the heating fluid passages of the second heat exchanger (Liquid bath evaporator) to distribute.
- the block over its entire length or over has substantially its entire length heating fluid passages.
- the entire device is therefore on the heating fluid side like a single heat exchanger block formed, for example, the design of a plate heat exchanger. Only on the evaporation side must in the transition between the first and second Heat exchanger from above (from the falling film evaporator) flowing vapor-liquid mixture be led out of the heat exchanger block so that the remaining liquid flows into the liquid bath and the vapor formed can be deducted. At the same time, in this area the Evaporation passages of the second heat exchanger (Liquid bath evaporator) generated steam from the heat exchanger block subtracted from.
- the device can thus be very simple and inexpensive be built. There are no special measures to connect the Heating fluid passages; also the special measures described above in Transition area can be realized without much effort, preferably in an aluminum plate heat exchanger.
- the invention further relates to a method for evaporating a liquid according to claim 4.
- an application of the device and the method are all in one Double column process for air separation according to claim 5 and one corresponding device for the low-temperature separation of air according to Claim 6 subject of the invention.
- This is the one described above Device as a condenser-evaporator (main condenser) in an air separation double column used.
- the liquid to be evaporated is thereby oxygen-rich bottom liquid of the low pressure column, the heating fluid through nitrogen-rich top gas of the pressure column formed in the condenser-evaporator condensed.
- the housing of the device is covered by the jacket 1 a double column for low-temperature air separation formed, the pressure column 2 and has a low pressure column 3. Of the two pillars, only the head and head are Swamp area shown.
- the entire condenser evaporator is formed as a plate heat exchanger block 4.
- FIG 1 shows one of the evaporation passages. Make the vertical lines no walls between different passages, but the fittings (fins) within the one evaporation passage.
- the arrangement of the passages is in figure 2 schematically shown in cross section: layer by layer alternate Evaporation passages 15 and 16 heating fluid passages.
- the height of the passages (Distance between two plates) is, for example, 2 to 10 mm.
- the total number the passages arranged next to each other is - depending on their height, for example 10 to 400.
- the lower part 9 of the same passages forms the evaporation passages of the as Liquid bath evaporator trained second heat exchanger. You are on open at the bottom and thereby communicate with a liquid bath 11. Upward flowing steam and possibly entrained liquid flow in the Transition area 8 laterally out of block 4 (left in the drawing). By each evaporation passage runs a separation bar 17 at an angle through the Transition area separating the first and second heat exchangers from each other separates.
- the steam formed in the two heat exchangers is partly via the Product line 12 discharged; to another extent it flows into the low pressure column 3.
- the liquid portion of both heat exchangers falls into that Liquid bath 11 from which the second heat exchanger 9 is fed. There can be removed liquid via line 20 if necessary.
- Heating fluid passages run in the embodiment without separation over the total height of the block 4, that is, by the first heat exchanger 7, the Transition area 8 and the second heat exchanger 9. At most the density or the type of internals (fins) can change over the height of the heating fluid passages.
- the length (vertical extension) of the first heat exchanger 7 is in one concrete example 1.7 m, the second heat exchanger 9 is 2.8 m long; the Transitional area 8 has an extension of 0.6 m in the vertical direction Stack height of the plates (vertical in Figure 2) is equal to 1.20 m at a passage height (Plate spacing) of 6 mm.
- the condenser-evaporator combines the functions of two in a block 4 different types of heat exchanger 7, 9. Nevertheless, the manufacturing effort is hardly larger than with a conventional plate heat exchanger: While the Heating fluid passages can be completely conventional, are only in Transitional area 8 of the evaporation passages some additional measures necessary, namely the installation of inclined fins and a separating strip 17, as well as the side opening of the evaporation passages. Overall, it results a very inexpensive and compact arrangement that takes advantage of Falling film evaporators and liquid bath evaporators combined.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Wärmeaustauscher, wobei beide Wärmeaustauscher Verdampfungspassagen sowie Passagen für ein Heizfluid enthalten, der erste Wärmeaustauscher als Fallfilmverdampfer und der zweite Wärmeaustauscher als Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfer ausgebildet ist, der erste Wärmeaustauscher Mittel zum Einführen von Heizfluid und Mittel zum Abziehen von Heizfluid aufweist und wobei der zweite Wärmeaustauscher Mittel zum Einführen von Heizfluid aufweist.The invention relates to a device for evaporating a liquid with a first and a second heat exchanger, both heat exchangers Evaporation passages as well as passages for a heating fluid contain the first Heat exchanger as falling film evaporator and the second heat exchanger as Liquid bath evaporator is formed, the first heat exchanger means for Introducing heating fluid and means for withdrawing heating fluid and wherein the second heat exchanger has means for introducing heating fluid.
In vielen Prozessen ist es notwendig, eine Flüssigkeit in indirektem Wärmeaustausch mit einem Heizfluid zu verdampfen. Unter Heizfluid ist dabei irgendein Fluid zu verstehen, das Wärme abgibt, beispielsweise ein kondensierendes Gas. Es gibt zwei Grundformen derartiger Verdampfer. Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfer, auch Thermosiphon-Verdampfer genannt, stehen in einem Flüssigkeitsbad, wobei die Verdampfungspassagen mit dem Flüssigkeitsbad kommunizieren und der gebildete Dampf oben aus den Verdampfungspassagen austritt. Bei Fallfilmverdampfern fließt die Flüssigkeit als Film über die Wände der Verdampfungspassagen und verdampft dabei teilweise; der gebildete Dampf strömt mit der Flüssigkeit nach unten und wird am unteren Ende der Verdampfungspassagen zusammen mit dem flüssig verbliebenen Anteil abgezogen. Beide Typen haben Nachteile. So ist bei Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfern die Bauhöhe begrenzt und bei Fallfilmverdampfern wird eine Pumpe zum Umwälzen von Flüssigkeit benötigt, weil mit dem verdampften Anteil eine bestimmte Restmenge an Flüssigkeit austritt, die umgewälzt werden muß. In EP-A-469780 wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, einen Fallfilmverdampfer und einen Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfer zu kombinieren, indem sie verdampfungsseitig seriell verbunden sind. Die Heizfluidpassagen sind parallel geschaltet. Diese Vorrichtung benötigt einen Regelmechanismus, der die Aufteilung des Heizfluids auf die beiden Wärmetauschertypen einstellt. Dazu muß mindestens ein Rohr aus dem Gehäuse heraus zu einem steuerbaren Ventil geführt werden. Insgesamt ergibt sich eine aufwendige Verrohrung und eine relativ große Bauhöhe.In many processes, it is necessary to use a liquid in indirect heat exchange to evaporate with a heating fluid. Any fluid is closed under heating fluid understand that emits heat, such as a condensing gas. There are two Basic forms of such evaporators. Liquid bath evaporator, also thermosiphon evaporator called, are in a liquid bath, the evaporation passages communicate with the liquid bath and the vapor formed from the top the evaporation passages. With falling film evaporators, the liquid flows as Film over the walls of the evaporation passages and partially evaporates; the formed vapor flows down with the liquid and is at the bottom of the Evaporation passages are subtracted together with the liquid portion. Both types have disadvantages. So is the height of liquid bath evaporators limited and with falling film evaporators, a pump for circulating liquid needed because with the evaporated part a certain remaining amount of liquid emerges, which must be circulated. EP-A-469780 has already proposed to combine a falling film evaporator and a liquid bath evaporator by they are connected in series on the evaporation side. The heating fluid passages are parallel switched. This device needs a control mechanism that divides it of the heating fluid to the two types of heat exchanger. To do this, at least a pipe can be led out of the housing to a controllable valve. Overall, there is a complex piping and a relatively large height.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu entwickeln, die besonders kostengünstig, insbesondere sehr kompakt hergestellt werden kann. The invention is therefore based on the object of a device at the outset mentioned type to develop, which is particularly inexpensive, especially very can be made compact.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Mittel zum Abziehen von Heizfluid aus dem ersten Wärmeaustauscher in Strömungsverbindung mit den Mitteln zum Einführen von Heizfluid in den zweiten Wärmeaustauscher stehen. Die beiden Wärmeaustauscher sind also auch heizfluidseitig seriell verbunden, und zwar so, daß das Heizfluid zunächst die Heizfluidpassagen des Fallfilmverdampfers durchläuft und das aus dem Fallfilmverdampfer austretende Heizfluid mindestens teilweise, vorzugsweise vollständig oder im wesentlichen vollständig den Heizfluidpassagen des Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfers zugeführt wird. Jeder der Wärmeaustauscher der Erfindung kann aus einem oder mehreren Blöcken gebildet sein. Es ist beispielsweise möglich, den Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfer in Form von zwei oder mehr nebeneinander angeordneten Blöcken zu realisieren.This object is achieved in that the means for withdrawing heating fluid the first heat exchanger in flow communication with the means for Introduce heating fluid into the second heat exchanger. The two Heat exchangers are also connected in series on the heating fluid side, in such a way that the heating fluid first passes through the heating fluid passages of the falling film evaporator and the heating fluid emerging from the falling film evaporator at least partially, preferably completely or substantially completely the heating fluid passages of the Liquid bath evaporator is supplied. Each of the heat exchangers Invention can be formed from one or more blocks. For example it is possible, the liquid bath evaporator in the form of two or more side by side to arrange arranged blocks.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung braucht die Verteilung des Heizfluids auf die beiden Wärmeaustauscher nicht geregelt zu werden. Die Heizfluidpassagen können direkt-beispielsweise durch ein einziges kurzes Rohr - miteinander verbunden werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann somit sehr kostengünstig hergestellt werden.In the context of the invention, the distribution of the heating fluid between the two Heat exchanger not to be regulated. The heating fluid passages can be direct, for example through a single short tube - to be connected. The The device according to the invention can thus be produced very inexpensively.
Vorzugsweise sind gemäß einem weiterführenden Aspekt der Erfindung die beiden Wärmeaustauscher als ein Block ausgebildet, wobei der obere Abschnitt des Blocks den ersten Wärmeaustauscher bildet und der untere Abschnitt des Blocks den zweiten Wärmeaustauscher bildet. Dadurch entfällt die Notwendigkeit, das Heizfluid am unteren Ende des ersten Wärmeaustauschers (Fallfilmverdampfers) zu sammeln und anschließend wieder auf die Heizfluidpassagen des zweiten Wärmeaustauschers (Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfers) zu verteilen.According to a further aspect of the invention, the two are preferred Heat exchanger formed as a block, the upper portion of the block forms the first heat exchanger and the lower section of the block forms the forms the second heat exchanger. This eliminates the need for the heating fluid collect at the lower end of the first heat exchanger (falling film evaporator) and then again on the heating fluid passages of the second heat exchanger (Liquid bath evaporator) to distribute.
Dabei ist es günstig, wenn der Block über seine gesamte Länge oder über im wesentlichen seine gesamte Länge verlaufende Heizfluidpassagen aufweist. Die gesamte Vorrichtung ist also heizfluidseitig wie ein einziger Wärmeaustauscherblock ausgebildet, der beispielsweise die Bauform eines Plattenwärmetauschers aufweist. Lediglich verdampfungsseitig muß im Übergang zwischen erstem und zweiten Wärmeaustauscher von oben (aus dem Fallfilmverdampfer) herabfließendes Dampf-Flüssigkeitsgemisch aus dem Wärmeaustauscherblock herausgeleitet werden, so daß der flüssig verbliebene Anteil in das Flüssigkeitsbad strömt und der gebildete Dampf abgezogen werden kann. Gleichzeitig muß in diesem Bereich der in den Verdampfungspassagen des zweiten Wärmeaustauschers (Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfers) erzeugte Dampf aus dem Wärmeaustauscherblock abgezogen werden. It is advantageous if the block over its entire length or over has substantially its entire length heating fluid passages. The The entire device is therefore on the heating fluid side like a single heat exchanger block formed, for example, the design of a plate heat exchanger. Only on the evaporation side must in the transition between the first and second Heat exchanger from above (from the falling film evaporator) flowing vapor-liquid mixture be led out of the heat exchanger block so that the remaining liquid flows into the liquid bath and the vapor formed can be deducted. At the same time, in this area the Evaporation passages of the second heat exchanger (Liquid bath evaporator) generated steam from the heat exchanger block subtracted from.
Insgesamt kann die Vorrichtung somit auf sehr einfache und kostengünstige Weise gebaut werden. Es entfallen spezielle Maßnahmen zur Verbindung der Heizfluidpassagen; auch die oben beschriebenen speziellen Maßnahmen im Übergangsbereich können ohne großen Aufwand realisiert werden, vorzugsweise in einem Aluminium-Plattenwärmetauscher.Overall, the device can thus be very simple and inexpensive be built. There are no special measures to connect the Heating fluid passages; also the special measures described above in Transition area can be realized without much effort, preferably in an aluminum plate heat exchanger.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit
gemäß Patentanspruch 4.The invention further relates to a method for evaporating a liquid
according to
Außerdem sind eine Anwendung der Vorrichtung und des Verfahrens in einem
Doppelsäulenverfahren zur Luftzerlegung gemäß Patentanspruch 5 sowie eine
entsprechende Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft gemäß
Patentanspruch 6 Gegenstand der Erfindung. Dabei wird die oben beschriebene
Vorrichtung als Kondensator-Verdampfer (Hauptkondensator) in einer Luftzerleger-Doppelsäule
eingesetzt. Die zu verdampfende Flüssigkeit wird hierbei durch
sauerstoffreiche Sumpfflüssigkeit der Niederdrucksäule, das Heizfluid durch
stickstoffreiches Kopfgas der Drucksäule gebildet, das in dem Kondensator-Verdampfer
kondensiert.In addition, an application of the device and the method are all in one
Double column process for air separation according to
Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:
- Figur 1
- einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, die in eine Luftzerleger-Doppelsäule eingebaut ist, und
Figur 2- dieselbe Vorrichtung im Querschnitt.
- Figure 1
- a schematic longitudinal section through a device according to the invention, which is installed in an air separation double column, and
- Figure 2
- the same device in cross section.
Das Gehäuse der Vorrichtung wird bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel durch den Mantel 1
einer Doppelsäule zur Tieftemperaturluftzerlegung gebildet, die eine Drucksäule 2 und
eine Niederdrucksäule 3 aufweist. Von den beiden Säulen sind nur der Kopfbeziehungsweise
Sumpfbereich dargestellt. Der gesamte Kondensator-Verdampfer ist
als ein Plattenwärmetauscher-Block 4 ausgebildet. In der Schnittdarstellung von Figur
1 ist eine der Verdampfungspassagen dargestellt. Die senkrechten Linien stellen
keine Wände zwischen verschiedenen Passagen dar, sondern die Einbauten (Fins)
innerhalb der einen Verdampfungspassage. Die Anordnung der Passagen ist in Figur
2 schematisch im Querschnitt dargestellt: Schichtweise wechseln sich
Verdampfungspassagen 15 und Heizfluidpassagen 16 ab. Die Höhe der Passagen
(Abstand zwischen zwei Platten) liegt beispielsweise bei 2 bis 10 mm. Die Gesamtzahl
der nebeneinander angeordneten Passagen beträgt - je nach deren Höhebeispielsweise
10 bis 400.In the exemplary embodiment, the housing of the device is covered by the jacket 1
a double column for low-temperature air separation formed, the
An der Oberseite des Kondensator-Verdampfers wird flüssiger Sauerstoff 5 aus der
Niederdrucksäule 3 über einen Verteiler 6 auf die Flüssigkeitspassagen des ersten
Wärmeaustauschers (Fallfilmverdampfers) aufgegeben, der durch den oberen
Abschnitt 7 des Blocks 4 gebildet wird. Im Übergangsbereich 8 wird das Flüssigkeits-Dampfgemisch
seitlich aus dem Block 4 heraus geleitet und strömt in den Außenraum
10 zwischen Block 4 und Mantel 1.At the top of the condenser-evaporator
Der untere Teil 9 derselben Passagen bildet die Verdampfungspassagen des als
Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfer ausgebildeten zweiten Wärmeaustauschers. Sie sind an
ihrer Unterseite offen und kommunizieren dadurch mit einem Flüssigkeitsbad 11.
Nach oben strömender Dampf und eventuell mitgerissene Flüssigkeit strömen im
Übergangsbereich 8 seitlich aus dem Block 4 heraus (links in der Zeichnung). Durch
jede Verdampfungspassage verläuft eine Trennleiste 17 schräg durch den
Übergangsbereich, die den ersten und den zweiten Wärmeaustauscher voneinander
trennt.The lower part 9 of the same passages forms the evaporation passages of the as
Liquid bath evaporator trained second heat exchanger. You are on
open at the bottom and thereby communicate with a liquid bath 11.
Upward flowing steam and possibly entrained liquid flow in the
Der in den beiden Wärmeaustauschern gebildete Dampf wird zu einem Teil über die
Produktleitung 12 abgeführt; zu einem anderen Teil strömt er in die Niederdrucksäule
3. Der flüssig verbliebene Anteil aus beiden Wärmeaustauschern fällt in das
Flüssigkeitsbad 11, aus dem der zweite Wärmeaustauscher 9 gespeist wird. Dort
kann über Leitung 20 bei Bedarf Sauerstoff flüssig entnommen werden.The steam formed in the two heat exchangers is partly via the
Als Heizfluid dient gasförmiger Stickstoff, der vom Kopf der Drucksäule 2 herangeführt
(13) wird. Er wird über einen Header 14 oben auf die Heizfluidpassagen 16 des ersten
Wärmeaustauschers 7 aufgegeben. Die (in Figur 1 nicht dargestellten)
Heizfluidpassagen verlaufen bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel ohne Trennung über die
gesamte Höhe des Blocks 4, das heißt durch den ersten Wärmeaustauscher 7, den
Übergangsbereich 8 und den zweiten Wärmeaustauscher 9. Allenfalls die Dichte oder
der Typ der Einbauten (Fins) kann sich über die Höhe der Heizfluidpassagen ändern.
Nach Durchlaufen der gesamten Höhe des Blocks 4 wird der - bei dem
Wärmeaustausch mit dem verdampfenden Sauerstoff kondensierte - Stickstoff am
unteren Ende des zweiten Wärmeaustauschers 9 über einen Sammler 18 aus dem
Heizfluidpassagen abgezogen und über Leitung 19 in ein Gefäß am Kopf der
Drucksäule 2 geführt.Gaseous nitrogen, which leads from the top of the
Die Länge (vertikale Ausdehnung) des ersten Wärmeaustauschers 7 beträgt in einem
konkreten Beispiel 1,7 m, der zweite Wärmeaustauschers 9 ist 2,8 m lang; der
Übergangsbereich 8 weist in der Vertikalen eine Ausdehnung von 0,6 m auf, die
Stapelhöhe der Platten (Vertikale in Figur 2) ist gleich 1,20 m bei einer Passagenhöhe
(Plattenabstand) von 6 mm.The length (vertical extension) of the first heat exchanger 7 is in one
concrete example 1.7 m, the second heat exchanger 9 is 2.8 m long; the
Der Kondensator-Verdampfer vereinigt in einem Block 4 die Funktionen zweier
verschiedenartiger Wärmetauscher 7, 9. Dennoch ist der Herstellungsaufwand kaum
größer als bei einem üblichen Plattenwärmeaustauscher: Während die
Heizfluidpassagen völlig konventionell ausgeführt sein können, sind lediglich im
Übergangsbereich 8 der Verdampfungspassagen einige zusätzliche Maßnahmen
notwendig, nämlich der Einbau von schräg verlaufenden Fins und einer Trennleiste
17, sowie die seitliche Öffnung der Verdampfungspassagen. Insgesamt ergibt sich
eine sehr kostengünstige und kompakte Anordnung, die die Vorteile von
Fallfilmverdampfern und Flüssigkeitsbadverdampfern auf sich vereinigt.The condenser-evaporator combines the functions of two in a
Claims (6)
- Apparatus for evaporating a liquid, having a first heat exchanger (7) and a second heat exchanger (9), both heat exchangers (7, 9) containing evaporation passages (15) and passages (16) for a heating fluid, the first heat exchanger (7) being designed as a falling-film evaporator and the second heat exchanger (9) being designed as a liquid bath evaporator, the first heat exchanger (7) having means (13, 14) for introducing heating fluid and means for removing heating fluid, and the second heat exchanger (9) having means for introducing heating fluid, characterized in that the means for removing heating fluid from the first heat exchanger (1) are in flow communication with the means for introducing heating fluid into the second heat exchanger (9).
- Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two heat exchangers (7, 9) are designed as a block (4), the upper section of the block (4) forming the first heat exchanger (7) and the lower section of the block (4) forming the second heat exchanger (9).
- Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the block (4) has heating-fluid passages (16) which run over its entire length or over substantially its entire length.
- Process for evaporating a liquid in indirect heat exchange with a heating fluid, the liquid (5, 6) firstly being passed into the evaporation passages (15) of a first heat exchanger (7), which is designed as a falling-film evaporator, and then being passed into a second heat exchanger (9), which is designed as a liquid bath evaporator, and a heating fluid (13, 14) being introduced into the heating-fluid passages of both heat exchangers (7, 9), characterized in that at least some of the heating fluid which is removed from the first heat exchanger (7) is passed into the second heat exchanger (9).
- Use of the apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3 and/or of the process according to Claim 4 in a process for the low-temperature fractionation of air, which has a double column, comprising pressure column (2) and low-pressure column (3), for evaporating liquid (5, 6) from the lower section of the low-pressure column (3), in indirect heat exchange (7, 9) against condensing vapour (13, 14) from the upper region of the pressure column (2).
- Apparatus for the low-temperature fractionation of air, which has a double column comprising pressure column (2) and low-pressure column (3), the pressure column (2) and the low-pressure column (3) being in thermal communication by means of a common condenser/evaporator (7, 9), characterized in that the condenser/evaporator (7, 9) is designed as an apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19605500 | 1996-02-14 | ||
| DE19605500A DE19605500C1 (en) | 1996-02-14 | 1996-02-14 | Liquid oxygen generator process assembly |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0795349A1 EP0795349A1 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
| EP0795349B1 true EP0795349B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=7785408
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96107773A Expired - Lifetime EP0795349B1 (en) | 1996-02-14 | 1996-05-15 | Device and process for evaporating a liquid |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5901574A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0795349B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH09273699A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1082824C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19605500C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2786858B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2001-01-19 | Air Liquide | HEAT EXCHANGER |
| FR2790546B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2001-04-20 | Air Liquide | HEAT EXCHANGER, APPLICATIONS FOR VAPORIZATION OF PRESSURIZED LIQUID AND AIR DISTILLATION APPARATUS PROVIDED WITH SUCH AN EXCHANGER |
| FR2796137B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2001-09-14 | Air Liquide | BATH SPRAY CONDENSER WITH BRAZED PLATES AND ITS APPLICATION TO AN AIR DISTILLATION APPARATUS |
| DE19939294A1 (en) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-02-22 | Linde Ag | Multi-level circulation condenser |
| US6173586B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-01-16 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic rectification system for producing very high purity oxygen |
| DE19950570A1 (en) | 1999-10-20 | 2001-04-26 | Linde Ag | Low temperature decomposition of air comprises using rectification system consisting of condenser-vaporizer system, pressure column and low pressure column |
| ES2243182T3 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2005-12-01 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE TO DECOMPOSE AIR AT LOW TEMPERATURE. |
| FR2807826B1 (en) * | 2000-04-13 | 2002-06-14 | Air Liquide | BATH TYPE CONDENSER VAPORIZER |
| DE10027140A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-06 | Linde Ag | Multi-storey bathroom condenser |
| DE10028866A1 (en) * | 2000-06-10 | 2001-12-20 | Messer Ags Gmbh | Process and apparatus for the production of argon |
| FR2817952A1 (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-14 | Air Liquide | CONDENSER VAPORIZER AND AIR DISTILLATION SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A VAPORIZER-CONDENSER |
| FR2822079B1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2003-05-16 | Air Liquide | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ULTRA-PURE OXYGEN BY AIR DISTILLATION |
| US6393866B1 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2002-05-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Cryogenic condensation and vaporization system |
| EP1837614A1 (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for the vaporisation of an oxygen enriched liquid and process and device for the cryogenic separation of air |
| US9476641B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2016-10-25 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Down-flow condenser reboiler system for use in an air separation plant |
| JP4673449B1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-04-20 | シーケーディ株式会社 | Liquid vaporization system |
| CN101890316B (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-07-11 | 宝钢工程技术集团有限公司 | Method for evaporating liquid and mixing gas and steam |
| WO2013041229A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the cryogenic decomposition of air |
| US9453674B2 (en) | 2013-12-16 | 2016-09-27 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Main heat exchange system and method for reboiling |
| CN104197189B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A kind of liquid oxygen gasifier device |
| US10899728B2 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-01-26 | Delta Separations, Llc | System, method and apparatus for cannabinoid mixture separation and solvent recovery |
| US11774189B2 (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2023-10-03 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Heat exchanger, hardway fin arrangement for a heat exchanger, and methods relating to same |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3992168A (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1976-11-16 | Kobe Steel Ltd. | Heat exchanger with rectification effect |
| BE789479A (en) * | 1971-10-01 | 1973-03-29 | Air Liquide | HEAT EXCHANGER AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION |
| FR2650379B1 (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-10-18 | Air Liquide | VAPORIZATION-CONDENSATION APPARATUS FOR DOUBLE AIR DISTILLATION COLUMN, AND AIR DISTILLATION INSTALLATION COMPRISING SUCH AN APPARATUS |
| GB9016766D0 (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1990-09-12 | Boc Group Plc | Boiling liquefied gas |
| US5122174A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-06-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Boiling process and a heat exchanger for use in the process |
| FR2674947B1 (en) * | 1991-04-03 | 1998-06-05 | Air Liquide | PROCESS FOR VAPORIZATION OF A LIQUID, HEAT EXCHANGER FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION, AND APPLICATION TO A DOUBLE COLUMN AIR DISTILLATION SYSTEM. |
| US5438836A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1995-08-08 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Downflow plate and fin heat exchanger for cryogenic rectification |
| FR2733039B1 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1997-07-04 | Air Liquide | HEAT EXCHANGER WITH BRAZED PLATES, AND CORRESPONDING METHOD FOR TREATING A DIPHASIC FLUID |
| US5709264A (en) * | 1996-03-18 | 1998-01-20 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Heat exchanger |
-
1996
- 1996-02-14 DE DE19605500A patent/DE19605500C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-15 EP EP96107773A patent/EP0795349B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-15 DE DE59608371T patent/DE59608371D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-10 JP JP9039699A patent/JPH09273699A/en active Pending
- 1997-02-14 CN CN97100078A patent/CN1082824C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-14 US US08/799,962 patent/US5901574A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5901574A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| JPH09273699A (en) | 1997-10-21 |
| CN1161874A (en) | 1997-10-15 |
| DE59608371D1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
| DE19605500C1 (en) | 1997-04-17 |
| CN1082824C (en) | 2002-04-17 |
| EP0795349A1 (en) | 1997-09-17 |
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