EP0710160B1 - Siebeinrichtung - Google Patents
Siebeinrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0710160B1 EP0710160B1 EP94916919A EP94916919A EP0710160B1 EP 0710160 B1 EP0710160 B1 EP 0710160B1 EP 94916919 A EP94916919 A EP 94916919A EP 94916919 A EP94916919 A EP 94916919A EP 0710160 B1 EP0710160 B1 EP 0710160B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- threads
- group
- screen
- screen device
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4627—Repairing of screening surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4672—Woven meshes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/18—Control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a screening device with a Screen fabric, which has two groups of threads, wherein the threads of one group are essentially orthogonal to the threads of the other group.
- Sieving devices are needed in a variety of applications to sort out particles from a product that do not exceed a certain size. Such Sieves are also used, among other things, to make an initial product to get that free of foreign objects is.
- a particularly important area of application is found in the food and pharmaceutical industries Industry. Products that are for the human consumption are meant to be prepared. For example, flour has to be sieved so that it is free of foreign bodies, like stones. When grinding nuts care must be taken to ensure that none in the end product Nutshells are included. Such stones or Nutshells can damage teeth in the consumer cause.
- the sieve fabric is subject to relatively high stress, among other things through vibrations that result from that the material to be screened moves over the screen cloth becomes. Without such a movement, however, is a satisfactory one Seven practically cannot be guaranteed. The stresses can lead to damage of the screen mesh.
- the screen mesh then gets one Hole that is larger than the mesh size, so that too Particles with a size to be separated in and of themselves get into the starting product. Even if the Failure to notice is usually a relatively large one Amount of the starting product are treated again, to make sure that since the occurrence of the error not accidentally a disturbing foreign body in the starting product has arrived. Since this is very expensive is and for the operator also with a relative great risk of liability is associated with the screen fabrics exchanged from time to time.
- the intervals will be chosen so that with a very high probability no defect has yet occurred in the screen mesh is. As a result, the intervals must be very short. Many screen fabrics will change at the time of replacement still be completely intact so that early replacement is basically a waste of material. Furthermore the exchange of the screen cloth is usually relative labor-intensive because the screening device at least must be partially dismantled. On the other hand, leave but not all errors are definitely excluded.
- DE 24 43 548 A1 is a device to control the wear of technically stressed Known panels of fabric in which to be checked Fabric web at least one electrically conductive control thread is inserted at intervals to determine its decrease in cross-section that goes hand in hand with wear with a measuring device for determination associated with the increase in its electrical resistance is.
- This control thread locally changes the mobility of the Screen mesh. It gets harder in the area of the control thread. This also affects the vibration behavior of the screen fabric changed, leading to an increased risk Screen fabric in the neighborhood susceptible to breakage of the control thread.
- a similar embodiment is from DE 28 47 153 A1 known.
- Here is another one in the wire mesh electrical insulated wire system braided, the axially with hairpin-shaped turns in small lateral distances over the entire circumference of the sieve drum runs and connected to a power source is.
- DE 31 43 779 A1 shows a device on visual or Screening devices for monitoring viewing or screening cloths for crushing and sorting plants in the metallurgical and stone industry, where in areas of the cloth between the View or sieve holes in a line loop in or is attached to the cloth connected to an electrical circuit is connected, which in turn to a electrically operated control, registration or Alarm device is connected. If the wire loop is interrupted or short-circuited this is an indication that the cloth is in one place is damaged. This damage is said to be detected electrically and be displayed. Here again results the problem that the damage is not reliable enough can be grasped. In particular, the case occur that the cable loop comes loose from the cloth, which does not necessarily have to be noticed, so that a subsequent damage to the cloth is not detected can be.
- the invention has for its object a screening device specify a fault monitoring with high Reliability enables.
- This task is the beginning of a screening device mentioned type solved in that the screen fabric by threads of the second group, which are in predetermined lateral distances are provided for a physical Size is conductive that the threads of the second Group by the threads of the first group mechanically supported and at least in sections for the physical Size are isolated from each other and that at two essentially parallel to the threads of the first Group of running edges of the screen fabric one or one Exit arrangement is provided, at least with the conductive threads of the second group for Outfeed connected to the physical quantity is, wherein the feed or exit arrangements the mesh support mechanically.
- the physical quantity is electrical Electricity into consideration, but also other flowing media, Light, sound, pressure can be considered physical quantities be used.
- the formation of the threads of the second Group depends on the one to be transferred, i.e. to senior size. In the case of electricity there is an electrical one Conductivity required, light conduction. When leading flowing meadows, in particular gases, a corresponding channel must be provided be. Pressures can either be corresponding Channel through the threads or, if the pressures are negative, i.e. designed as tensile forces act directly on the threads.
- the invention is predominant below described using electrically conductive threads, where the entry or exit arrangement each is designed as an electrode arrangement. The invention however, this should not be limited to this.
- the aids are not can remove more of the screen mesh.
- the one for surveillance rather, the means used are more integral and essential part of the sieve fabric for the sieve function.
- the permissible fault tolerance can be determined by the lateral spacing of the conductive threads of the second Group can be set. If there is a hole in the mesh arises, a thread of the second group is damaged. This can be displayed immediately. Because the threads the second group through the threads of the first group not only mechanically supported, but also at least are isolated from each other in sections, can good error monitoring with relatively simple means achieve because the break of a conductive thread the second group to a significant change in resistance leads that can be detected to trigger an alarm.
- the entry and exit arrangements do not have only the task, the metrological wiring of the Ensure sieve fabric, they also take over mechanical support. This also allows the Check the support so that it is also damaged the support of the screen fabric, which also becomes a Can lead to contamination of the starting product, can be detected.
- All threads are preferably of the second group conductive for the physical quantity. This leaves on the one hand make sure that even the smallest Defects in the screen fabric can be detected. On the other hand this also enables a stepped error monitoring realize. In many cases it is harmless if only one thread breaks because the emerging Sieve opening is still small enough to none let foreign objects through. In such a In this case, one is warned that damage is present because the resistance of the mesh changes has, however, is an exchange of the screen cloth not yet necessary. At the next opportunity, e.g. with regular maintenance, be made. Only when a second thread breaks, the screen mesh must be replaced. You can if necessary, refine so that determined is what thread is broken, so that an exchange only then can the sieve mesh be made immediately must if two threads lying next to each other are torn are.
- the physical variable is preferably electrical Current, and the conductive threads of the second group are electrically conductive. In this case, only be monitored whether there is electrical resistance the threads change. A sudden increase then indicates for a thread break. Electric current is relative easy to use and measure. For further processing the measurement results can be conventional, use modified measuring equipment if necessary.
- the physical quantity is light and the conductive threads of the second group as Light guides are formed.
- the connection i.e. feeding the light in or out a little more difficult than with electric current, in particular because the entry and exit arrangements are not free from to be screened good.
- the light as a measurand has certain advantages because it is with a high accuracy allows a thread break detect.
- the threads of the first group are preferably warp threads and the threads of the second group as weft threads educated.
- the warp threads usually have a higher one Firmness than the wefts. If now the weft threads used for error monitoring, that will weaker link is monitored, with an error with larger Probability will occur. The reliability this further increases error monitoring.
- the screen fabric is preferably a synthetic fiber fabric formed, threads of the second group of fibers a plastic that is conductive for physical size in a conductive for physical quantity Have connection.
- Synthetic fiber fabrics have the necessary elasticity and vibration ability. Fibers made of a conductive for the physical size Plastic, especially carbon fibers, have in properties similar to other synthetic fibers in many cases, so that when you use it in both directions the area extension achieves homogeneous tissue can be a correspondingly uniform vibration behavior shows and not at individual defects tends to break.
- the vibration resistance of carbon fibers many times higher than that of metal wires. Individual metal wires become brittle in many cases under vibration, so that they break easily. In this case, the monitoring option premature wear of the fabric condition.
- the synthetic fiber is formed by polyester or polyamide
- the Threads of the second group made of polyester or polyamide are formed with carbon or only from carbon. Such Compilation has proven itself as a screen mesh.
- the conductive threads preferably have the second Group each have a carrier that is at least about part of its circumference from a conductive layer is encased. This allows the properties the conductivity and the mechanical resilience separate from each other and on different components distribute the threads.
- the mechanical load is from Carrier added.
- the conductivity is determined by the Sheath layer guaranteed. It is not essential here required that the layer support the carrier circumferentially completely surrounds. In operation with most likely the shift first be rubbed off, causing a gradual increase in resistance results. Based on this increase in resistance then a decision can be made whether that Sieve cloth must be replaced or not.
- the threads of the second group are preferably each combined into bundles of at least two individual threads, taking at least one thread of a bundle is conductive.
- the threads do not have to be single threads be trained. You can also use several can be summarized, each then a bundle of threads arranged between individual sieve holes or meshes is.
- this allows the mechanical Stability of the bundle of threads is relatively independent from the mechanical stability one for the physical Select the size of the conductive thread.
- the homogeneity of the sieve is not disturbed. Failure safety is not affected by the bundle of threads. As long as at least one thread of the bundle is still intact, the sieve function is fully maintained. Only when all threads of a bundle are torn the sieve function is no longer error-free guaranteed. In this case it is also the conductive one Thread broke.
- the product to be screened is a Main direction of movement relative to the screen fabric essentially perpendicular to the threads of the second group has, wherein the at least one conductive thread of the bundle of threads in the main direction of movement behind one non-conductive and mechanically stronger thread of the Bundle is arranged.
- the one for the physical quantity conductive thread is, so to speak, in the "slipstream" of the mechanically stronger and for the physical size not necessarily conductive thread. This too can be the mechanical strength of the screen fabric relatively independent of the mechanical resilience choose a single conductive thread. Still will does not affect the reliability. In most Cases will be the mechanically stronger first and tear thread exposed to material pressure. As long as the conductive thread is still intact, is the sieve function undisturbed. Then the conductive thread tear soon and generate an error message.
- the entry and exit arrangements switch at least subsets of the threads of the second Group in parallel.
- the entry or exit arrangement can thus have a relatively simple structure. Also the metrological wiring is relatively easy.
- the entry and exit arrangements are preferred over one each for the passage of the physical quantity insulating support supported on a frame.
- the Screen fabric is thus opposite the screen device for the physical quantity is isolated. Any Protective measures no longer have to be taken.
- At least one is on the entry and exit arrangements more effective and the screen mesh more exciting Spacer provided, which is conductive conductive at one end with an entry or exit arrangement is connected and at the other end a connector for the passage of the physical quantity, the other entry or exit arrangement for the Passage of the physical quantity from the spacer is isolated and has its own connection for input and Has the physical size.
- Spacers do not only provide for the mechanical Tension of the screen fabric, which is a satisfactory Functioning of the screening device necessary is. It is also the connection for the physical Size over which an entry or exit arrangement a measuring device can be connected on the same side of the mesh as the other Entry or exit arrangement. Through this relatively simple The measure that appears will be the manageability of the Screening device significantly improved.
- the connection The resistance can be monitored from one side from.
- the screen fabric between the two entry and exit arrangements on the spacer is hung. You can use the screen mesh and therefore that Now make the sieve relatively long and thus the sieving performance increase without being excessive due to the great length mechanical stress occurs. The screen cloth will "on the way” supported and keeps due to the suspension the desired shape on the spacers.
- the spacer is preferably on the outlet side of the screen fabric arranged.
- the spacer will thus only acted upon by the already sieved starting product. The risk of damaging the spacer is kept low.
- this is Screen fabric arranged in the form of a hollow cylinder, wherein the threads of the second group are essentially parallel run to the cylinder axis.
- the inputs or Exit arrangements are then advantageously located on the end faces of the hollow cylinder, see above that the entire length of the screen fabric is monitored.
- the entry and exit arrangements are designed as stainless steel rings.
- the Stainless steel rings also serve as a support for the screen mesh so that it is in the desired cylindrical shape is held. Stainless steel rings have sufficient electric conductivity. You are on the other hand mechanically sufficiently resistant to Wear caused by the product to be screened.
- auxiliary electrode arranged from electrically good conductive material.
- the auxiliary electrode can, for example, by a ring made of copper or another highly conductive metal or Plastic be formed. It improves and evens out the contact resistance between the stainless steel rings and the conductive threads, so the danger is reduced that error messages due to changing resistances generated even though the screen mesh is undamaged is.
- the screen fabric is essentially plan between the two entry and exit arrangements is spanned.
- the screen mesh forms a plan sieve.
- a resistance measuring device is preferably provided, the one with both entry and exit arrangements is conductively connected and with an increase in resistance for feeding and exporting the physical quantity between the two entry and exit arrangements generates an alarm signal.
- the simple measurement of resistance is enough to make a defect in the screen mesh capture.
- the resistance measuring device a differentiator that contains the temporal Change in resistance is determined, being the Alarm signal triggers when the resistance change per Unit of time exceeds a predetermined amount.
- the Alarm signal triggers when the resistance change per Unit of time exceeds a predetermined amount.
- predetermined numbers of are preferably Threads of the second group combined into sub-groups and each group is on its own with the resistance measuring device connected. This opens up the possibility not just the resistance of all connected in parallel To measure threads, but from the multitude select only small portions of the threads and to measure their resistance. This allows on the one hand increase the measuring accuracy. On the other hand, can one checks whether changes in resistance change in the same direction develop whatever influences other than that Destruction of the tissue would indicate, for example a change in temperature.
- the resistors part of at least two subgroups Form a bridge circuit.
- the branches can be adjusted first. If the resistance of one subgroup changes, this change will be in the same direction the other sub-group compensated. For the Case that only in one subgroup a change in resistance occurs, but not in the other, or that the changes in resistance differ drastically, a signal is generated that points to a Indicates an error.
- the resistance measuring device has a control device at intervals Measured values determined and these in a memory discards.
- This approach has several advantages. To the one can monitor the mesh based on of the measured values stored in the memory over a longer period Document and check the period. On the other hand This gives you the option of monitoring in different stages.
- the control device can Measured values a short-term comparison and a long-term comparison undergo and if necessary to exceed examine a predetermined threshold.
- the short-term measurement can be in the range of Minutes.
- the long-term comparison for example a period of half or one whole hour, allows a statement about the Development of the resistance value. You can do this already take measures to replace the screen mesh, even if the screen mesh is still undamaged, but looming damage is emerging. Man has three statements available. If the resistance value exceeds a predetermined threshold, there is an error. If a short-term Change occurs is the probability that a There is an error, also relatively large. At a Long-term change indicates a continuously worsening Resistance value to impending damage due to wear.
- a sieve device 1 has a sieve fabric 2 which has the shape of the outer surface of a hollow cylinder.
- the screen fabric has threads 3 of a first group, which are shown in dashed lines in Fig. 2, and threads a second group 4, which is solid in FIG Lines are shown.
- the threads 3 of the first Group form the warp threads and the threads 4 of the second Group form the weft threads of the sieve fabric 2.
- You limit sieve openings 5, the size of which corresponds to the size of the Particles of an initial product to be screened Are adapted to the product.
- the threads 3 of the first group are made of synthetic fibers formed, for example polyester or polyamide.
- the Threads 4 of the second group contain carbon fibers in an electrically conductive relationship, i.e. she can be formed by polyester or polyamide with carbon be or consist only of carbon fibers.
- the strings 4 of the second group, which contain the carbon fibers, are therefore electrically conductive. As shown in Fig. 2, can all threads 4 of the second group electrically be conductive. But it is also possible, only every second or third or even only every nth To make the thread conductive as long as it is ensured that if the thread breaks between the electrically conductive Threads 4 of the second group no opening occurs, which is larger than the maximum permissible particle size is in the starting product.
- the thread 4 has a carrier 31 which is of a conductive layer 32, for example made of carbon, coated is.
- the carrier 31 can be from those mentioned Plastics are formed.
- the layer 32 must do not extend around the entire circumference.
- the threads 4 of the second group can be between individual Sieve meshes can also be combined in bundles, so that between individual sieve meshes not just individual ones Threads, but multiple threads that lie either twisted or just arranged parallel to each other are. It is sufficient if in such a bundle of threads a single thread is electrically conductive.
- Electrode arrangements 6, 7 Parallel to threads 3 of the first group are two Electrode arrangements 6, 7 on the longitudinal edges of the tissue 2 arranged. Switch the electrode arrangements 6, 7 the threads 4 of the second group are electrically parallel.
- the electrode arrangements are in the form of stainless steel rings, on the circumference of which the screen fabric 2 rests. It is (see Fig. 3) clamped here by a clamping ring 8, so that a reliable electrical contact between the electrically conductive threads 4 of the second Group and the electrode arrangements 6, 7 guaranteed is.
- an additional electrode 30 approximately in Form of a copper strip, may be arranged. Instead of Copper can also be used for other substances with high electrical Conductivity can be used.
- Any electrode arrangement 6, 7 points between the clamping ring 8 and the Clearance between the two electrode arrangements 6, 7 a bead 9, which is a peeling of the with Fix the clamping ring 8 on the electrode arrangement 6, 7 Screen fabric 2 made difficult by the electrode arrangement 6, 7.
- Each electrode arrangement 6, 7 is electrical in one non-conductive plastic ring 10, 11 arranged.
- the Plastic rings 10, 11 in turn are not in one Machine frame 12, 13 shown in more detail.
- a rotating one, not shown Racquet work to be provided for relative movement between the material to be screened and the screen mesh to care.
- the two plastic rings 10, 11 are by several Spacers 14, 15 at a predetermined distance held to each other.
- the spacers 14, 15 provide ensure that the screen fabric 2 in the axial direction of the Cylinder gets the necessary voltage. Furthermore is the screen fabric 2 between the electrode arrangements 6, 7 suspended from the spacers 14, 15, for example with bands 29.
- the one electrical connection 18 is via a in the plastic ring 11 extending electrical line 20 with the electrode arrangement 7 connected, for example via an in the plastic ring 11 screwed steel screw.
- the Line 20 can be isolated from the spacer 14 be.
- the electrical connection 19 is via a line 21 electrically connected to the other spacer 15, which is electrically conductive.
- the spacer 15 is via a further one arranged in the plastic ring 1 electrical line 22 with the other electrode arrangement 6 connected.
- the electrical resistance of the Spacer 15 is negligible because it will usually be constant. If necessary, he leaves compensate each other by suitable electrical means.
- the entire screen fabric 2 has one in the axial direction electrical resistance in the range of 500 to 1,000 ⁇ . If only one of the threads 4 of the second group breaks, there is an increase in electrical resistance in the range of 0.25 to 0.5 ⁇ . This increase in resistance can be measured and used as a signal for one Sieve break can be used. For example, due to the signal a display 23 are operated or the sieve drum 17 are stopped.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows an electrical circuit arrangement to evaluate the resistance signal.
- an evaluation device 24 is provided, which with the electrical connections 18, 19 of the screening device 1 connected is.
- the evaluation device 24 has one the two connections 18, 19 connected resistance measuring device 25 on.
- a comparator 26 is connected, which determines whether that determined by the resistance measuring device 25 Resistance value of the screen fabric 2 a predetermined Value exceeds or not. In the event of an overshoot the display 23 is actuated.
- a differentiator 27 can also be used connected to the output of the resistance measuring device be, which in turn is connected to a comparator 28 is.
- the comparator 28 determines whether the change of resistance over time in a predetermined Frame holds.
- a change in resistance can namely not only by breaking a thread 4 of the Screen fabric 2 take place, but also by a change in temperature. However, temperature changes occur in usually slower in time while the resistance change happened very suddenly due to a thread break. If the evaluation device 24 determines that a sudden change in resistance results, the display device 23 also operated. Alternatively, the screening device 1 can also be stopped.
- a sieve drum 17 is shown.
- the device can also be used for flat screens.
- Fig. 6 shows a modified embodiment in which the electrode arrangements 6, 7 are divided into two. Shown here are two sub-electrodes 7a, 7b, the Gap 33 between the two sub-electrodes 7a, 7b is exaggerated. Each partial electrode 7a, 7b is only with a subset or subset of Threads 4 connected, here marked with 4a, 4b are. The resistance value of the sub-groups 4a, 4b determined separately. It is easily on the Hand that with a thread break the change in the resistance value is larger if only fewer threads at the same time to be viewed as. It also has this arrangement but a circuit advantage that will be explained with reference to FIG. 7.
- a resistance RS1 has the resistance of the threads of the subset 4a.
- a resistor RS2 is provided, which accordingly represents the resistance of the threads of sub-group 4b.
- an adjustable one Trimming resistor RA1 is provided in the upper left branch of the bridge.
- a resistance in the lower left branch of the bridge RA2 provided in the same Wise. The bridge can now do this in idle mode be adjusted that the resistance measuring device 25 ', which are designed here as a voltmeter can display the value 0.
- a change in the same direction of the two resistors RS1, RS2, as they are due changing temperature influences can occur not to change the display of the resistance measuring device 25 'lead. Only when the Change resistances of sub-groups 4a, 4b in opposite directions, for example if in a sub-group 4a, 4b a thread breaks or breaks, there will be a change the resistance value and thus a change in the display the resistance measuring device 25 '.
- the resistance measuring device 25 ' is connected to a control device 35, which reads out measured values at time intervals and stores them in a memory 36. A time series of measured resistance values is therefore available in the memory 36.
- a simplified representation is given in FIG. 8. Three long periods Tm, Tm + 1 and Tm + 2 are shown. Six measured values U n , U n + 1 , U n + 2 ... or U n + m , U n + m + 1 etc. are determined in each long period.
- the control device 35 can now carry out short-term comparisons by always determining values that either follow one another or between which one or more other measured values are arranged.
- the current value is compared with the penultimate value, for example U n + 2 with U n . If the difference between these two values exceeds a predetermined threshold value, an alarm is triggered.
- the control device 35 also carries out a long-term comparison by comparing the measured values U n + m with the corresponding measured values of the previous period U n . In this comparison, a long-term trend can often be ascertained, which indicates a gradual deterioration, that is to say an increase in the resistance value, and makes it possible to estimate when the screen fabric 2 has to be replaced.
- a fixed value generator 37 specifies a threshold value, which, when exceeded, also triggers an alarm. This threshold value indicates the absolute resistance, which must not be exceeded.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows another embodiment of a Screening device 2 ', in which the threads 4' of the second Group not electrically, but optically conductive are.
- the threads 4 ' are shown schematically in Fig. 10 in Section shown.
- An optically conductive core 31 ' is surrounded by a jacket 32 'which prevents the light leaves the soul 31 '.
- As entry and exit facilities 6 ', 7' are light emitting diodes 38, which also can be designed as laser diodes, and phototransistors 39 provided, each in a no closer shown frames are arranged.
- the screen fabric can be carried on its longitudinal edges with carrier strips be provided in which photo elements with a fixed assignment to the screen fabric are arranged.
- each thread 4 'or a group of threads 4 'each have a light-emitting diode 38 and a phototransistor 39 assigned. If a thread breaks, it becomes Light conductivity interrupted, so that the reinforcement ability of the phototransistor 39 decreases. Possibly you can also the LEDs 38 in order to control the threads 4 'in a time-division multiplex to monitor in turn.
Landscapes
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Siebeinrichtung schematisch im Querschnitt,
- Fig. 2
- ein Siebgewebe in Draufsicht,
- Fig. 3
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1,
- Fig. 4
- eine elektrische Schaltungsanordnung,
- Fig. 5
- den Aufbau eines leitfähigen Fadens,
- Fig. 6
- eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Elektrodenanordnung,
- Fig. 7
- eine zweite Ausgestaltung einer Meßeinrichtung,
- Fig. 8
- eine schematische Darstellung von ermittelten Meßwerten,
- Fig. 9
- eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer Siebeinrichtung in schematischer Ansicht und
- Fig. 10
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Fadens der Siebeinrichtung nach Fig. 9 im Querschnitt.
Claims (25)
- Siebeinrichtung mit einem Siebgewebe, das zwei Gruppen von Fäden aufweist, wobei die Fäden der einen Gruppe im wesentlichen orthogonal zu den Fäden der anderen Gruppe verlaufen, wobei das Siebgewebe (2) durch Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe, die in vorbestimmten seitlichen Abständen vorgesehen sind, für eine physikalische Größe leitfähig ist, daß die Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe durch die Fäden (3) der ersten Gruppe mechanisch abgestützt und zumindest abschnittsweise für die physikalische Größe gegeneinander isoliert sind und daß an zwei im wesentlichen parallel zu den Fäden (3) der ersten Gruppe verlaufenden Kanten des Siebgewebes (2) je eine Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnung (6, 7) vorgesehen ist, die zumindest mit den leitfähigen Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe zur Ein- bzw. Ausspeisung der physikalischen Größe verbunden ist, wobei die Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) das Siebgewebe (2) mechanisch abstützen.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe leitfähig sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die physikalische Größe elektrischer Strom ist und die leitfähigen Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe elektrisch leitend sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, gekennzeichnet, daß die physikalische Größe Licht ist und die leitfähigen Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe als Lichtleiter ausgebildet sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden (3) der ersten Gruppe als Kettfäden und die Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe als Schußfäden ausgebildet sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Siebgewebe (2) als Kunstfaser-Gewebe ausgebildet ist, wobei Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe Fasern aus einem für die physikalische Größe leitfähigen Kunststoff in einem leitfähigen Zusammenhang aufweisen.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kunstfaser durch Polyester oder Polyamid gebildet ist, wobei die Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe aus Polyester oder Polyamid mit Carbon oder nur aus Carbon gebildet sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die leitfähigen Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe jeweils einen Träger (31) aufweisen, der zumindest über einen Teil seines Umfangs von einer leitfähigen Schicht (32) ummantelt ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe jeweils zu Bündeln von mindestens zwei Einzelfäden zusammengefaßt sind, wobei mindestens ein Faden eines Bündels leitfähig ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu siebende Produkt eine Hauptbewegungsrichtung relativ zum Siebgewebe im wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe aufweist, wobei der mindesten eine leitfähige Faden des Fadenbündels in Hauptbewegungsrichtung hinter einem nicht leitfähigen und mechanisch stärkeren Faden des Bündels angeordnet ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) Teilmengen der Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe für den Durchgang der physikalischen Größe parallelschalten.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) über je einen für den Durchgang der physikalischen Größe isolierenden Träger (10, 11) an einem Gestell (12, 13) abgestützt sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein auf die Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) wirkender und das Siebgewebe (2) spannender Abstandshalter (15) vorgesehen ist, der leitfähig ist, an einem Ende mit einer Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnung (6) leitend verbunden ist und am anderen Ende einen Anschluß (19) zum Ein- bzw. Ausspeisen der physikalischen Größe aufweist, wobei die andere Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnung (7) für den Durchgang der physikalischen Größe von dem Abstandshalter (15) isoliert ist und einen eigenen Anschluß zum Ein- bzw. Ausspeisen der physikalischen Größe (18) aufweist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Siebgewebe (2) zwischen den beiden Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) am Abstandshalter (15) aufgehängt ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstandshalter (15) auf der Abgangsseite des Siebgewebes (2) angeordnet ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Siebgewebe (2) in Form eines Hohlzylinders (17) angeordnet ist, wobei die Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe im wesentlichen parallel zur Zylinderachse verlaufen.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) als Edelstahlringe ausgebildet sind.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Edelstahlringen (6, 7) und den leitfähigen Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe eine Hilfselektrode (30) aus elektrisch gut leitendem Material angeordnet ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Siebgewebe (2) im wesentlichen plan zwischen den beiden Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) aufgespannt ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Widerstandsmeßeinrichtung (25) vorgesehen ist, die mit beiden Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) leitend verbunden ist und bei einem Anstieg des elektrischen Widerstandes für den Durchgang der physikalischen Größe zwischen den beiden Ein- bzw. Ausspeiseanordnungen (6, 7) ein Alarmsignal erzeugt.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstandsmeßeinrichtung (25) ein Differenzierglied (27) enthält, das die zeitliche Änderung des Widerstandes ermittelt, wobei sie das Alarmsignal auslöst, wenn die Widerstandsänderung pro Zeiteinheit ein vorbestimmtes Maß übersteigt.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils vorbestimmte Anzahlen von Fäden (4) der zweiten Gruppe zu Untergruppen zusammengefaßt sind und jede Gruppe für sich mit der Widerstandsmeßeinrichtung (25) verbunden ist.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstände von mindestens zwei Untergruppen einen Teil einer Brückenschaltung bilden.
- Siebeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 20 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Widerstandsmeßeinrichtung (25) eine Steuereinrichtung aufweist, die in zeitlichen Abständen Meßwerte ermittelt und diese in einem Speicher ablegt.
- Siebeinrichtung nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung die Meßwerte einem Kurzzeitvergleich und einem Langzeitvergleich unterzieht und gegebenenfalls auf Überschreitung eines vorbestimmten Schwellwerts hin untersucht.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4324066A DE4324066C2 (de) | 1993-07-17 | 1993-07-17 | Siebeinrichtung |
DE4324066 | 1993-07-17 | ||
PCT/EP1994/001393 WO1995002466A1 (de) | 1993-07-17 | 1994-05-02 | Siebeinrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0710160A1 EP0710160A1 (de) | 1996-05-08 |
EP0710160B1 true EP0710160B1 (de) | 1998-01-28 |
Family
ID=6493111
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94916919A Expired - Lifetime EP0710160B1 (de) | 1993-07-17 | 1994-05-02 | Siebeinrichtung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5996807A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0710160B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE162739T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4324066C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995002466A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19518358C1 (de) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-12-19 | Reimelt Dietrich Kg | Siebeinrichtung |
US6585116B1 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2003-07-01 | Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. | Screening apparatus for fiber suspension |
US6997325B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2006-02-14 | M-I L.L.C. | System and process for break detection in porous elements for screening or filtering |
DE10339777A1 (de) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-17 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filtereinrichtung |
US7516851B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2009-04-14 | M-I L.L.C. | Retainer for an electronic communication device to detect breaks in porous element separator |
SE0303260D0 (sv) * | 2003-12-04 | 2003-12-04 | Metso Paper Inc | Screening apparatus for screening pulp suspensions with monitoring means |
CN100475365C (zh) * | 2004-10-18 | 2009-04-08 | 知嘎萨工业株式会社 | 筛网、筛器及筛网破损检知装置 |
WO2006119208A1 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2006-11-09 | M-I L.L.C. | Rf shielding gasket for vibratory separator |
DE102008042916A1 (de) | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-18 | Bühler AG | Siebmaschine |
CN102186606B (zh) * | 2008-10-16 | 2015-08-19 | 布勒股份公司 | 筛分机 |
DE102008057303A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | Sefar Ag | Elektrisch leitend beschichtetes Siebdruckgewebe sowie Siebdruckanordnung |
DE102009033510A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 | 2010-05-20 | Sefar Ag | Gewebe, Vorrichtung mit Gewebe sowie Herstellungsverfahren für Gewebe |
AU2015230823B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2017-06-22 | Optipro As | An improved shaker screen filter for a drilling fluid shaker |
NO336396B1 (no) * | 2009-10-27 | 2015-08-10 | Optipro As | Et forbedret celleinnsatsfilter for et siktemaskinfilter |
EP3659718B1 (de) | 2018-11-29 | 2021-06-16 | ALLGAIER WERKE GmbH | System und verfahren zur überwachung einer siebmaschine |
US11458816B2 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2022-10-04 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Self cleaning of ride sharing vehicle |
US11358078B2 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2022-06-14 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Conductive thread for vehicle maintenance |
US11011045B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2021-05-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Object detection and alert for autonomous ride-sharing vehicle |
JP2023105977A (ja) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-08-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電極の製造方法、分級システム、電極材料および電極 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2604989A (en) * | 1948-12-29 | 1952-07-29 | Midland Engineering Company | Screen |
US2984357A (en) * | 1957-04-08 | 1961-05-16 | Kufferath Josef | Electrically heated screen for separating coarser material from accompanying fines |
DE1648368A1 (de) * | 1967-06-16 | 1971-05-13 | Berthold Johannes Emil Rainer | Verfahren zum Messen der Abriebsflaechen der Draehte von Papiersieben |
US3620368A (en) * | 1969-06-02 | 1971-11-16 | Dart Ind Inc | Classification of dry polymer beads |
US3716138A (en) * | 1970-05-13 | 1973-02-13 | Hoyt Wire Cloth Co | Screen |
DE2443548A1 (de) * | 1974-09-11 | 1976-03-25 | Lesk Margarete | Einrichtung zur kontrolle des verschleisses technisch beanspruchter stoffbahnen |
US4120785A (en) * | 1976-02-23 | 1978-10-17 | Mitsuboshi Belting Limited | Rubber screens for vibratory screening apparatus |
DE2847153C3 (de) * | 1978-10-30 | 1982-02-25 | Franz Josef Gattys Ingenieurbüro für Chem. Maschinen- und Apparatebau, 6000 Frankfurt | Siebmaschine zur Absiebung von sich elektrostatisch aufladenden Kunststoffen, im besonderen vonSuspensions-Polyvinylchlorid |
SE424145B (sv) * | 1980-11-07 | 1982-07-05 | Svedala Arbra Ab | Anordning vid sikt- eller sallapparat for overvakning av sikt- eller sallduk |
DE3227020C2 (de) * | 1982-07-20 | 1985-05-02 | Gattys Technique S.A., Freiburg/Fribourg | Siebmaschine |
US4491517A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-01-01 | W. S. Tyler Incorporated | Multi-dimensional screen |
US5039412A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1991-08-13 | The Black Clawson Company | Wire with guide belts for a pulp thickener |
-
1993
- 1993-07-17 DE DE4324066A patent/DE4324066C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-05-02 DE DE59405184T patent/DE59405184D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-02 EP EP94916919A patent/EP0710160B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-02 AT AT94916919T patent/ATE162739T1/de active
- 1994-05-02 US US08/581,593 patent/US5996807A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-02 WO PCT/EP1994/001393 patent/WO1995002466A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE162739T1 (de) | 1998-02-15 |
WO1995002466A1 (de) | 1995-01-26 |
US5996807A (en) | 1999-12-07 |
EP0710160A1 (de) | 1996-05-08 |
DE59405184D1 (de) | 1998-03-05 |
DE4324066A1 (de) | 1995-01-19 |
DE4324066C2 (de) | 1995-11-30 |
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