Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]

Definitions

• the invention relates to a multifilament yarn, a monofilament or a film-like structure, which consists at least predominantly of polyethylene naphthalate, and a method for producing such yarns.
• Such a yarn is known for example from DE-A-22 60 778.
• the yarn described there has a melting point of at least 275 ° C.
• the maximum achievable DSC melting point measured on a sample amount of 8.5 mg at a heating rate of 10 ° C per minute, is up to 291.7 ° C according to DE-A-22 60 778.
• This DSC melting point measured on a sample amount of 8.5 mg at a heating rate of 10 ° C. per minute, corresponds to a DSC melting point, measured on a sample amount of 2.5 mg at a heating rate of 20 ° C. per minute, of 291 ° C.
• the examples show that the increase in the melting point is obviously caused by the increase in the spinning speed.
• DE-A-21 39 854 describes a method by means of which a higher melting point of more than 285 ° C. can subsequently be imparted after the yarns already wound up after spinning. Despite the very complex process, only DSC melting points of less than 290 ° C are achieved here.
• the values of 290.3, 292.0 and 290.3 ° C. given a constant length in Table II correspond to DSC melting points of well below 290 ° C., as can easily be derived from Table I of DE-A-22 60 778 in which the corresponding values for DSC melting point and DSC melting point are given at constant length.
• the object of the present invention is to provide multifilament yarns, monofilaments or films which consist at least predominantly of polyethylene naphthalate and which are particularly suitable for industrial use. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing such yarns, filaments or films, which impresses with its simplicity.
• This object is achieved in a multifilament yarn, monifilament or film, at least predominantly from polyethylene naphthalate, with a strength of at least 400 mN / tex, in that it has a DSC melting point of at least 292 ° C., the DSC melting point on a sample amount of 2.5 mg is to be measured at a heating rate of 20 ° C per min.
• the melt peaks of the yarns are determined using a differential scanning calorimeter, type Perkin Elmer DSC-7, which was calibrated with indium (melting point at 156.6 ° C) and zinc (melting point at 419.5 ° C) .
• a crucible containing 2.5 mg of a yarn sample is then heated at a rate of 20 ° C per minute, the heat flow difference between this crucible and an empty reference crucible being written in the form of a thermogram.
• the yarns according to the invention have an excellent combination of high thermal stability and high dimensional stability and are therefore particularly suitable as reinforcing material in roof coverings or elastomers, for the production of tire cords, airbag fabrics, filter materials and accumulator walls. They are also ideal for use in soil stabilization fabrics.
• a multifilament yarn, monofilaments or film, at least predominantly made of polyethylene naphthalate means yarns, filaments or films in which the filaments or films are made of a polymer which at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, consists of polyethylene naphthalate, and / or in which the filaments or films consist of at least two polymers present separately from one another, in which polyethylene naphthalate contains at least 70% by weight of the total weight of all polymers in the filament or film together, for example bi-component filaments or films, and / or in which the majority of the filaments consist of polyethylene naphthalate.
• Polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate is particularly preferred as the polyethylene naphthalate.
• additives in the polymer are, on the one hand, the additives customary in melt spinning, such as whitening agents, softeners or the like.
• the polymer can also contain other monomers such as, for example, ester-forming additives, which can be copolymerized with the polyethylene naphthalate units, such as, for example, glycols such as diethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, bibenzoic acid, sebic acid, adroxybenzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, adroxybenzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, adroxybenzoic acid and azelaic acid.
• the multifilament yarn, monofilament or film according to the invention is particularly characterized in that it has a DSC melting point of 292 to 312 ° C.
• the multifilament yarn, monofilament or film according to the invention has a hot air shrinkage, measured after heating for 15 minutes at 190 ° C., of less than 3.5%.
• the hot air shrinkage is determined as follows: The yarns are conditioned at 21 ° C and 65% relative humidity. Yarn samples with a load of 5 mN / tex Have an initial length of about 500 mm, are exposed to a temperature of 190 ° C for 15 minutes without tension. The hot air shrinkage is the relative change in length (at 5 mN / tex) of the yarn after the treated yarn was again conditioned at 21 ° C. and 65% relative air humidity.
• the measurements of 3 yarn samples are used to determine a value.
• the multifilament yarn, monofilament or film according to the invention is particularly suitable for technical purposes, for example for the reinforcement of pneumatic vehicle tires, if it has a dimensional stability of more than 120, the dimensional stability being the quotient of the strength of the yarn at 2% elongation in mN / tex divided by the hot air shrinkage of the yarn in%.
• the object is achieved in a method for producing the multifilament yarn according to the invention, Monofilaments or film in which molten polyethylene naphthalate is extruded from a multi-hole spinneret, the solidified filaments or the extruded film are drawn off at a speed of 500 to 10,000 m / min, the filaments or film being drawn from the spinneret outlet to the first take-off member be subjected to a drawdown B of 40 to 25,000, solved by using a polymer which contains at least 85% by weight of polyethylene naphthalate and has a melt flow index C of 3 to 26 . It goes without saying that care must be taken to minimize polymer degradation down to the spinneret.
• the warpage is defined as the quotient of the spinning speed, that is to say the speed which is imparted to the thread or the film by the first drive unit, divided by the speed at which the melt exits the spinneret.
• the melt flow index (C) is determined as follows: Granules are dried in a tumble dryer for 8 hours at 150 ° C. and under high vacuum.
• a Zwick flow tester type 4105, is used to determine the melt flow index, in which a vertical tube with a diameter of 9.55 mm and a length of 162 mm is inserted, the lower end of which is one Nozzle channel with a diameter of 2.095 mm and a length of 8 mm.
• the tube is heated to 310 ° C and kept at this temperature. After 15 minutes, the tube is quickly and completely filled with the dried granulate, on which a stamp is placed. After 4 minutes, the stamp is loaded with a load of 2,160 g, so that the melt formed from the granules is pressed out of the nozzle channel. The amount leaking between the 5th and 6th minute is measured.
• the melt flow index is the average value of three measurements of the quantity that has escaped between the 5th and 6th minute, converted into g / 10 min.
• the process according to the invention works particularly well if the polymer used is spun at a temperature T, C depending on the melt flow index (C): 100 e -0.46 C. + 300 ⁇ T ⁇ 100 e -0.46 C. + 325.
• the melting point increase of the spun multifilament yarn, the monofilaments or the film is particularly successful if the filaments or films extruded from the spinneret are blown with a fluid kept at 10 to 35 ° C. at a speed of 0.1 to 1.0 cm / sec .
• the blowing can take place transversely or by means of a radial air flow from inside to outside or from outside to inside. The best results are achieved if the threads or the extruded film extruded from the spinneret at a temperature of 12 to 25 ° C held fluid are blown, an air speed of 0.2 to 0.6 m / sec has proven itself.
• a polyethylene naphthalate with a melt flow index (C) of 6 to 20 is used if the filaments or the solidified film solidified by cooling at a speed A of 500 to 8000 m / min are withdrawn, the filaments or the film being subjected to a drawdown B of 100 to 10,000 from the spinneret outlet to the first take-off member.
• a method is particularly favorable in which a polyethylene naphthalate with a melt flow index (C) of 7 to 15 is used, the filaments solidified by cooling or the solidified film at a speed A of 2,000 to 5,500 m / min are withdrawn, the filaments or the film being subjected to a drawdown B from 500 to 8,000 from the spinneret outlet to the first withdrawal member.
• a pull-off speed of 3 500 to 5 000 m / min has proven itself very well.
• Polyethylene naphthalate was produced in a 200 l standard autoclave for polyester.
• a mixture of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid ester (48 kg) and ethylene glycol (32 kg) was transesterified using Manganese diacetate. 4 H2O (340 ppm) to obtain polyethylene naphthalate oligomer.
• a phosphorus stabilizer and antimony trioxide as a polycondensation catalyst 250 ppm
• the granules in the solid state were post-condensed in a tumble dryer under a high vacuum.
• the resulting granulate was melted in an electrically heated 30 mm extruder and heated to 310 ° C.
• the melt was fed via a measuring pump (2.4 cm3 per revolution) in the desired amount to a conventional, separately heated spinning set, the finest filter in the spinning filter pack being a 325 mesh wire mesh. Further information can be found in Tables I, 1 and I, 2.
• the melt which is shaped into filaments, is blown transversely with an air flow that is as laminar as possible.
• the filaments which have now solidified, are collected after exiting the cooling zone, subjected to a preparation and then passed over two godets, the first godet determining the rate at which the filament bundle is drawn off. Both godets are not heated.
• the filament bundle is then wound up.
• the spinning conditions are listed in Table I, 1 and I, 2 and the properties of the spun filament bundle in Table II, 1 and II, 2, respectively. Thereafter, the filament bundles from Run Nos. 3 and 4 were drawn over godets using different drawing rates.
• a steam drafting device with a length of 10 m was used, the drawing being carried out at 260 ° C. and a speed of 200 m / min. To the others, drawing was carried out at a speed of 8.9 m / min, passing the yarn through a 1.2 m long tube kept at 260 ° C.
• the drawing conditions are given in Table III and the properties of the drawn yarns in Table IV.
• the density of the samples was determined at 23 ° C. using a Davenport gradient column which contained a mixture of N-heptane and carbon tetrachloride which gradually decreased downwards.
• the density gradient was calibrated with calibrated floating balls.
• Three yarn samples were wetted with N-heptane and added to the column. After 6 hours the density was determined via the position of the individual samples in the column and the average was formed.
• the yarns were first conditioned at 21 ° C. and 65% relative humidity.
• the titer of the yarns was determined by weighing three samples, each 10 m long, and taking the mean. With the help of the Instron Measuring device with standard clamps, 5 force-elongation curves were created at a rate of change in length of 100% / min, the tensioning length of the yarn being 150 mm and the pretensioning of the yarn being 5 mN / tex. The highest force determined divided by the titer gave the breaking strength.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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• 1993
  • 1993-06-22 DE DE4320593A patent/DE4320593A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1994
  • 1994-06-17 DE DE59408569T patent/DE59408569D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-06-17 EP EP94109367A patent/EP0630995B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-17 ES ES94109367T patent/ES2136683T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-20 US US08/262,549 patent/US5466525A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-06-21 BR BR9402489A patent/BR9402489A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-06-21 JP JP6139067A patent/JPH0711514A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-06-21 CA CA002126423A patent/CA2126423C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-06-22 KR KR1019940014176A patent/KR950000941A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1995
  • 1995-06-07 US US08/483,267 patent/US5618480A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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