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EP0599583B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un récipient et d'un couvercle pour le récipient - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un récipient et d'un couvercle pour le récipient Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0599583B1
EP0599583B1 EP19930309295 EP93309295A EP0599583B1 EP 0599583 B1 EP0599583 B1 EP 0599583B1 EP 19930309295 EP19930309295 EP 19930309295 EP 93309295 A EP93309295 A EP 93309295A EP 0599583 B1 EP0599583 B1 EP 0599583B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall portion
side wall
end wall
mandrel
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930309295
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0599583A1 (fr
Inventor
Christopher Paul Ramsey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Crown Packaging UK Ltd
Original Assignee
CarnaudMetalbox PLC
Metal Box PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10725577&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0599583(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by CarnaudMetalbox PLC, Metal Box PLC filed Critical CarnaudMetalbox PLC
Publication of EP0599583A1 publication Critical patent/EP0599583A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0599583B1 publication Critical patent/EP0599583B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/02—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/12—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls
    • B65D7/34—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls
    • B65D7/36—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls formed by rolling, or by rolling and pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D7/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal
    • B65D7/12—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls
    • B65D7/34—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls
    • B65D7/38—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls with permanent connections between walls formed by soldering, welding, or otherwise uniting opposed surfaces

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of making a container body and a closure for the body. More particularly but not exclusively the method may be used to make a container comprising a seamless tubular body closed at one end by a peelable lid and closed at the other end by a can end fixed to the body by a double seam.
  • EP-A-0442770 describes a container body comprising a seamless tubular body having an outwardly directed flange at the bottom to which is heat sealed a flat lid.
  • the other end of the body has a margin, of diameter less than that of the rest of the body, to which is fixed a can end by means of double seam.
  • the benefit of this design is that the heat seal of the lid to the flange is done in clean dry factory conditions so the seals are reliable.
  • splashes of particulate material onto the seal margin may spoil the required hermetic seal.
  • double seaming of a can end to a body is able to cope with this problem of splashed product.
  • US Patent 3428010 describes a container body and lid made from a tall drawn and wall ironed body comprising a cylindrical body closed at one end by an end wall.
  • a metal blank is drawn and wall ironed to make a body having a cylindrical side wall closed at one end by an end wall thicker than the side wall, and joined to the side wall by an annulus of arcuate cross section.
  • the end wall is parted from the side wall to make a closure comprising the end wall, annulus and a margin of the side wall as a skirt.
  • the mouth of the body is reduced to a diameter small enough for the closure skirt to slide over the exterior surface to make a tubular body with a "slip lid".
  • the body margin is reduced in diameter and curled to achieve a safe edge.
  • the other end of the body with lid is closed by a can end fixed to the body by a double seam.
  • One objective of this invention is to provide a method of making a seamless body and can end from a single drawn article such that the can body and end so made may be joined by a double seam. Another objective is to provide a method of making container bodies in which the body is round or rectilinear in outline but the can end is round.
  • this invention provides a method of making a container body and a closure for the body by the steps of:-
  • the channel portion may include a properly shaped seaming profile portion for a can end.
  • the outer wall of the channel portion may be joined to the side wall portion by an outwardly extending annulus so that the preferred round can end may be joined to a round or other shaped body portion.
  • step (b) the container body is supported on a mandrel having a substantially flat peripheral annular surface located inside the outer wall of the channel, and a external roll co-operates with the mandrel to progressively shear the outer wall to part the end wall portion from the side wall portion by relative rolling motion as between the roll body and mandrel.
  • the centre panel of the end wall portion may be clamped between the end face of the mandrel and a chuck axially aligned with the mandrel.
  • the external roll may have a profile to curl the periphery of the end wall portion during parting of the end wall portion from the side wall portion.
  • step (c) the margin around said one end of the body may be reduced in diameter by supporting the side wall on a mandrel having an annular groove and the margin of side wall material is progressively displaced into the annular groove by application of pressure to the exterior of the margin by relative rolling motion as between a roll and the margin of side wall material and groove to form a neck and flange.
  • the method permits manufacture a variety of shapes of container all having the benefits of satisfactory seaming and sealing to achieve an hermetic container using the proven techniques of heat sealing and double seaming.
  • the first embodiment of the container 1 comprises a seamless body 2 drawn from coated sheet metal or foil to comprise a peripheral curl 3 supported by an outwardly directed flange 4 at the top of the side wall portion 5 which tapers towards an inwardly directed annulus 6 which surrounds a cylindrical neck portion 7 closed by an end wall 8 which is attached to the neck portion 7 by a double seam 9.
  • the container has a lid 10 which is heat sealed at its peripherally to the outwardly directed flange 4.
  • the side wall may have longitudinal flutes 11 to stiffen it against loads arising when filled containers are stacked.
  • Figure 2 shows that the container is substantially square with rounded corners.
  • the lid 10 fits within the peripheral curl 3 and has a lug 12 at one corner which may by used to grip the lid during peeling of the lid from the flange.
  • Figure 3 shows that the end wall 8 is round and provided with concentric beads around a flat central panel so that the beads may flex during thermal processing of the container and its contents. If however thermal processing is done under balanced pressure, a flat centre panel may be used.
  • Figure 4 shows a drawn tray component from which the container 1 of figure 1 is made.
  • the drawn component has the peripheral curl 3, the outwardly directed flange 4, the flared side wall 5, inwardly directed annulus 6, and central panel portion 8A of the same profile as the centre panel of end wall 8 as shown in Figure 1.
  • the inwardly directed annulus 6 is connected to the central panel portion 8A by a channel portion 14.
  • the channel portion comprises an inner wall 13 upstanding from the periphery of the central panel 8A, an annulus 14a of arcuate cross section extending radially outwards from the inner wall, and an outer wall 15 descending from the arcuate annulus to the substantially flat annulus 6.
  • Figure 5 shows the component of Figure 4 during reforming of the outer wall 15 of the channel portion.
  • the container side wall portion 5 is supported by a mandrel 16 while a plug 17 supports the inner wall 13 and top surface of the channel 14 while a work roll 21 is progressively applied to the outer wall of the channel so that relative rolling motion as between the roll and container body generates the neck portion 7 and an outwardly extending flange portion best seen in Figure 6.
  • a cutting disc 21A is moved inwards to sever the annulus 14 from the flange 18.
  • the centre of the end wall 8A is clamped between a sprung piston in the mandrel 16 and the plug 17 during rolling and cutting of the outer wall 15.
  • the container body 2 has been closed at one end by a lid 10 heat sealed peripherally to the outwardly directed flange 4.
  • the lid material may be cardboard coated with a thermoplastic material to heat seal with a coating on the interior surface of the body 2.
  • the lid material is a metal foil, such as aluminium, coated with a suitable thermoplastic to achieve a peelable seal but also able to survive thermal processing. Heat sealing the lid to the flange before filling the container, avoids risk of contamination of the heat seal, so reliable peelable seals may be made.
  • Figure 6 shows the closed body 2 during filling with a product 19 from a nozzle 20. Any splashes of product landing on the flange are bridged during a conventional double seaming process.
  • the centre panel 8A, inner wall 13, and arcuate annulus 14 provide sufficient material to make an end wall 8 like a conventional can end.
  • the arcuate annulus 14 is severed from the flange 18 to release the end wall material. It may be necessary to reshape the end wall material a suitable peripheral curl to permit double seaming to the flange.
  • the filled container is then closed by the end wall as shown in Figure 7 by a double seam 9 as shown in Fig.1.
  • An advantage of using a round can end or end wall component is that the double seam can be formed at high speeds to achieve a production line speed of about 800 cans per minute as is used in food packing factories.
  • Figure 8 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which a round seamless body 22 has a peripheral curl 23 and flange 24 supported in a taller side wall 25 which tapers toward an inclined annulus 26 or shoulder which supports a neck 27 and flange joined to an end wall 28 by a double seam 29.
  • Some products adhere to any crevice in a container so the end wall 28 in Figure 8 has a domed centre panel 30 to blend with the profile of the inclined annulus 26 so there is less risk of product sticking in the container when emptied.
  • the container shown in Figure 6 may be made by the steps described with reference to Figures 4, 5 and 7.
  • the end wall may alternatively be an ordinary can end applied to one end of a necked in seamless can body.
  • the third embodiment is a bowl 32 having a lid 33 peripherally heat sealed to flange 34 and a base wall 35 fixed by a double seam 36 as already descried with reference to the first and second embodiments.
  • the base wall 35 may be embossed with a design in low relief to impose the design on a product such as jelly which can be turned out of the container for serving.
  • a spatular 37 or spoon may be located in the recess defined by the peripheral curl. Alternatively, the spatular may be located in the end wall within the compass of the double seam.
  • the arcuate annulus 14 of the end wall may be crimped onto a curled flange and heated to fuse the coatings of end wall and flange together to achieve a hermetic seal.
  • Heat may be applied by a noncontacting means such as an induction coil.
  • the containers have been described with reference to processed foods, they may also be used for aseptically packed foods or dry goods.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show respectively, apparatus for parting the end wall portion from the side wall portion, and apparatus forming of a neck of reduced diameter and flange on the side wall portion.
  • the parting apparatus comprises a rotatable mandrel 41, a pad 42 which is rotatable and moveable towards and away from the mandrel, and a freely rotating cutter roll 43 supported on an arm 44 for movement in a radial direction towards and away from the mandrel 41.
  • the container component 45 has a cylindrical side wall 46 closed at one end by an end wall portion 47 comprising a concave central panel 48 surrounded by a flat annulus 49 which is surrounded by a convex annular channel portion 50 the outer wall of which connects directly with the cylindrical side wall.
  • the flat annulus 49, of the end wall portion is pressed onto a stepped annulus 51 of the mandrel so that the channel portion 50 is accurately aligned with the cutter roll 43 and a peripheral portion 511 of annulus 50 is at the correct height for the parting line. While the pad 42, mandrel 41 and component 45 rotate the cutter roll is moved radially towards the mandrel to part the end wall portion from the side wall portion.
  • the cutter roll has a curved profile 522 above its cutting edge 52 so that, as the cutting edge of the roll co-operates with the peripheral edge of the mandrel to shear the outer wall of the channel the end wall material is peripherally formed to an inwardly directed curl suitable for double seaming.
  • a simple cutting tool may be used to and the peripheral edge of the end wall portion may be curled by conventional apparatus for curling can ends.
  • the apparatus for forming a neck and flange from the side wall material comprises a rotatable mandrel 55, a rotatable plug 56 axialy aligned with the mandrel, and a forming roll 57 supported for rotation on an arm 58 movable to bring the roll to co-operate with the plug and mandrel.
  • the mandrel 55 comprises a cylindrical body having a first diameter portion 59 joined by an annular ledge 60 to second portion 61 of smaller diameter to fit inside the side wall portion 62.
  • the rotatable plug 56 has a shaft supported in bearings (not shown) and head comprising a peripheral flange 63 of diameter greater than the side wall portion 62, an annular surface 64 to fit inside the side wall portion to support the free edge of the side wall portion, and a cylindrical plug portion 65 which extends into nesting relationship with a recess 66 in the end surface of the mandrel to centre the plug in the mandrel.
  • the plug portion 65 of the plug and annular end surface 67 of the mandrel define a groove into which the initially cylindrical side wall material is forced as the roll 57 is moved to progressively push the mandrel plug and side wall rotate, as can be seen by comparing the unformed sidewall at the right of the drawing with the necked and flanged metal at the left of the drawing.
  • bottom flange may be formed on a drawn or wall ironed can body by means of the plug and mandrel ledge 60.
  • a heat sealed lid may be fitted to the lower flange or alternatively some other conveniently openable closure may be used.
  • a curled profile as already described with reference to Figures 1 to 9 may alternatively be drawn as shown by the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9 with a flange made in the press tool and subsequently curled before parting of the end wall portion from the side wall portion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un corps de récipient (2) et d'une fermeture (8) pour le corps par les phases consistant à :
    (a) Emboutir un corps de récipient (2) dans un métal en feuille pour qu'il comprenne une portion de paroi latérale (5) et une portion de paroi d'extrémité (8) fermant une extrémité de la portion de paroi latérale;
    (b) Séparer la portion de paroi d'extrémité (8) de la portion de paroi latérale (5) pour créer un corps annulaire sans soudure;
    (c) Réduire le diamètre d'une bordure autour d'une extrémité du corps annulaire sans soudure pour former un rétrécissement (7) destiné à recevoir une fermeture faite du matériau de la portion de paroi d'extrémité (8); et
    (d) Fermer l'autre extrémité du corps annulaire avec une fermeture (10) pour achever le corps de manière qu'il soit prêt à être rempli et fermé par la fermeture faite du matériau de la paroi d'extrémité;
       ledit procédé étant caractérisé par les opérations consistant à
       à la phase (a), emboutir un corps de boîte métallique dans lequel la portion de paroi d'extrémité comprend une gorge (14) comportant une paroi externe (15) reliée à la portion de paroi latérale (5) et une paroi interne (13) se raccordant à un pan central concave (8a) de la paroi d'extrémité;
       à la phase (b), séparer la portion de paroi d'extrémité (8) de la portion de paroi latérale par découpe le long d'une ligne autour de la paroi externe (15) de la gorge;
       à la phase (c), former le rétrécissement (7) et un rebord dirigé vers l'extérieur (18);
       à la phase (d), fixer un disque de fermeture (10) à ladite autre extrémité du corps par sertissage ou thermoscellage; et à la phase (b) ou (d), rouler la périphérie de la paroi externe (15) de la gorge de ladite portion de paroi d'extrémité en une forme permettant une coopération avec le rebord (18) du corps afin de réaliser un double pli.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la paroi externe (15) de la gorge est raccordée à la portion de paroi latérale (5) par un anneau s'étendant vers l'extérieur (6)
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, à la phase (b), le corps de récipient est supporté sur un mandrin (41) comportant une surface annulaire périphérique sensiblement plate située à l'intérieur de la paroi externe de la gorge, et un rouleau externe (43) coopère avec le mandrin pour cisailler progressivement la paroi externe afin de séparer la portion de paroi d'extrémité de la portion de paroi latérale par un mouvement de laminage relatif entre le corps du rouleau et le mandrin.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lors de la séparation de la portion de paroi d'extrémité de la portion de paroi latérale, le pan central de la portion de paroi d'extrémité est serré entre la face d'extrémité du mandrin (41) et un tampon (42) aligné axialement avec le mandrin.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le rouleau externe (43) a un profil (522) pour rouler la périphérie de la portion de paroi d'extrémité durant la séparation de la portion de paroi d'extrémité de la portion de paroi latérale.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, à la phase (c), la bordure autour de ladite extrémité du corps a son diamètre réduit en supportant la paroi latérale sur un mandrin (55, 56) comportant une gorge annulaire et la bordure du matériau de la paroi latérale est progressivement déplacée dans la gorge annulaire par application de pression sur l'extérieur de la bordure par un mouvement de laminage relatif entre un rouleau (57) et la bordure du matériau de la paroi latérale et la gorge.
EP19930309295 1992-11-21 1993-11-22 Procédé de fabrication d'un récipient et d'un couvercle pour le récipient Expired - Lifetime EP0599583B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9224572 1992-11-21
GB929224572A GB9224572D0 (en) 1992-11-21 1992-11-21 Containers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0599583A1 EP0599583A1 (fr) 1994-06-01
EP0599583B1 true EP0599583B1 (fr) 1995-10-11

Family

ID=10725577

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930309295 Expired - Lifetime EP0599583B1 (fr) 1992-11-21 1993-11-22 Procédé de fabrication d'un récipient et d'un couvercle pour le récipient

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0599583B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69300630T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9224572D0 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104334294A (zh) * 2012-03-26 2015-02-04 阿德Mp集团荷兰有限责任公司 端部面板以及利用该端部面板进行双重卷边所提供的容器本体或容器
EP3925717A1 (fr) * 2016-02-04 2021-12-22 Crown Packaging Technology, Inc. Récipients métalliques et procédés de fabrication

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI950713U1 (it) * 1995-10-16 1997-04-16 Contenitore metallico avente base circolare e bocca quadrata
NL1003049C2 (nl) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-10 Thomassen & Drijver Bus.
US20030113416A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2003-06-19 Wycliffe Paul Anthony Metal container with seam connecting body and top portion
US7726165B2 (en) 2006-05-16 2010-06-01 Alcoa Inc. Manufacturing process to produce a necked container
US7934410B2 (en) 2006-06-26 2011-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Expanding die and method of shaping containers
EP2003063A1 (fr) 2007-06-14 2008-12-17 Hung Sen Tsai Structure de canette
PL2605873T3 (pl) 2010-08-20 2022-04-11 Kaiser Aluminum Warrick, Llc Ukształtowany pojemnik metalowy i sposób jego wytwarzania
US9327338B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2016-05-03 Alcoa Inc. Knockout for use while necking a metal container, die system for necking a metal container and method of necking a metal container
DE102015113994A1 (de) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Membran eines Ultraschallsensors aus einem Bodenkörper und einem Mantelkörper, Membran, Ultraschallsensor sowie Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB849076A (en) * 1959-02-02 1960-09-21 Ekco Products Company Pull tab type closure
US3428010A (en) * 1967-02-03 1969-02-18 Continental Can Co Method of making a metallic can and cover
GB1601368A (en) * 1977-10-19 1981-10-28 Metal Box Co Ltd Containers
DE7733621U1 (de) * 1977-11-02 1979-02-22 Zuechner Blechwaren Verpackungsbehaelter aus Blech
FR2564758A1 (fr) * 1984-05-25 1985-11-29 Gachot Pierre Procede de fabrication d'une boite metallique a fond sureleve et boite metallique en resultant
FR2657587B1 (fr) * 1990-01-26 1992-04-30 Cmb Packaging Sa Emballage metallique a opercule thermoscelle et procede de fabrication d'un tel emballage.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104334294A (zh) * 2012-03-26 2015-02-04 阿德Mp集团荷兰有限责任公司 端部面板以及利用该端部面板进行双重卷边所提供的容器本体或容器
EP3925717A1 (fr) * 2016-02-04 2021-12-22 Crown Packaging Technology, Inc. Récipients métalliques et procédés de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69300630T2 (de) 1996-04-04
EP0599583A1 (fr) 1994-06-01
DE69300630D1 (de) 1995-11-16
GB9224572D0 (en) 1993-01-13

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