Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

• the invention relates to a yarn made of core-sheath threads, in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are produced by extrusion, and a method for the production thereof.
• the large fluctuation in the sheath proportion means that each thread in the yarn has different properties. This means that the threads in the yarn have strongly fluctuating properties with one another, which is undesirable.
• yarns made of core-jacket threads should have the desired properties of the core material (strength, shrinkage, elongation, birefringence, etc.), the jacket having other properties of the yarn (adhesion to other materials, dyeability, grip resistance, chemical or mechanical resistance, etc.) improved.
• the average proportion of the jacket with 20 vol .-% and more must be selected in order to keep the fluctuation of the jacket proportion within limits and the properties of the Maintaining core material with respect to the overall cross-section of the core-sheath thread is reasonably uniform.
• the object of the present invention is to provide new, more suitable yarns from core-sheath threads, which may contain single-component threads (homo threads), in which the core and sheath of the core-sheath threads are extruded are made of spinnable polymers, and at least almost all core-sheath threads have a complete sheath.
• the games are intended to ensure better use of the properties of the core-shell material without deteriorating the properties of the shell material.
• the sheath content of the core-sheath threads should also be able to be achieved more uniformly below 20% by volume.
• the expression M ⁇ 0.1 M means that for the determination of A all core-sheath threads are taken into account which have M% by volume sheath based on the total volume of the respective core sheath thread, M being used in the determination of the sheath proportion Range of ⁇ 10% is taken into account. Since the above-mentioned conditions have to be fulfilled at the same time, it follows that M can only assume values in which A becomes 100% at the most.
• yarns according to the invention have in which
• the specific strength (cN / dtex) is significantly higher for yarns according to the invention than for the known yarns made from core-sheath threads, and also higher than for monocomponent yarns which were only produced from the core polymer.
• the threads of the yarn according to the invention can have practically all known cross-sectional shapes. For example, threads with a round cross-section are preferred for tire cords, while threads with a trilobal cross-section are preferred for emphasizing light effects, which may be desirable for carpet yarns, for example.
• Certain properties of the yarn are particularly good in the case of a yarn in which the threads, in particular the core-sheath threads, have a trilobal cross section.
• Polyethylene terephthalate PE
• Polyamide 66 PA 66
• Polyethylene terephthalate PE
• Mixture of polyamide 66 PA 66
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• E Polyethylene terephthalate
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PVDF polyvinyl difluoride
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PES Polyethersulfone
• PA 66 High viscosity polyamide 66 (PA 66) with low viscosity
• PA 6 High viscosity, low viscosity polyamide 6 (PA 6)
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
• PET polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) Polyethylene terephthalate (PET polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PP polypropylene
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• PET Polyethylene terephthalate
• pol ⁇ m-xylylene adipamide
• Polyamide 6 PA6 polypropylene (PP) polyamide 6 (PA6) polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF)
• the yarns according to the invention have a variety of uses.
• Sewing threads made of conventional polymers in the core can be coated with high temperature resistant polymers and are therefore suitable for very high sewing speeds.
• the sheath can improve the chemical resistance, the UV resistance or the temperature resistance.
• the sheath of the core-sheath threads can improve the adhesion between the core and the elastomer.
• the adhesion between yarn and plastic can be improved in this way even with fiber-reinforced plastics.
• the dyeability of the threads can be improved via the sheath of the core-sheath threads, even if the core is made of a highly conductive material to improve the anti-static properties, the color of which is often very dark and difficult to dye with other colors.
• a significant crimping of the yarns can be brought about by the action of heat in the finished carpet or in textile products.
• Profiled yarns improve light scattering.
• the fire behavior and / or the soiling behavior of carpets or textiles produced from such core-jacket threads can be substantially improved by a special selection of the jacket material of the core-jacket threads. Mold formation or fouling behavior can also be reduced.
• the absorption of moisture by the core-sheath threads can be effectively prevented by a hydrophobic sheath. This is particularly interesting when using the yarns according to the invention in the textile sector. It is also possible to spin polymer already mixed with color pigments as the sheath component, which results in spun-dyed core-sheath threads.
• the chemical resistance for example in the case of filter nonwovens, can be improved by appropriate selection of polymers. Ion exchange properties can also be achieved or the fire behavior can be influenced.
• the object according to the invention is also achieved by a method for producing the yarns according to the invention, in which the core component is fed in a known manner (EP-A-0 011 954) via a first spinneret plate to a second spinneret plate in several individual streams, with between the first and second spinneret plates are fed to each core component individual stream flowing around the jacket component, both components are spun, stretched and wound together, which is characterized in that the jacket component is exposed to a flow resistance at least around the area of the individual streams of the core component.
• the method according to the invention can be carried out in one stage (without intermediate winding) or in several stages (with intermediate winding).
• a mesh mesh which has a bore for each individual stream is particularly suitable as flow resistance. It is advantageous if the mesh mesh fills the entire space between the first and second spinneret plates with the exception of the holes for the individual streams. Other flow resistances such as porous plates can also be used. Due to the mesh, even with spinneret plates of larger dimensions, the distance between the two spinneret plates can be the same everywhere can be kept large because the mesh is also used as a spacer plate.
• core-sheath threads can be produced in a targeted manner which have different sheath proportions from thread to thread.
• different resistances for the sheath currents are selected for the individual core currents. If the resistance is chosen so high that there is no flow around the sheath material around a special core current, one-component threads are brought about in a simple manner.
• RVS Meshes which have been commercially available under the name RVS X mesh, where x assumes values from 30 to 500, have proven particularly useful as meshes.
• RVS means that it is stainless steel
• x mesh means that x wires per inch can be selected in both directions in the sieve, the wires being interwoven and having a diameter of 0.5 to 0.025 mm .
• the flow resistance can also be determined by the permeability of the body used as flow resistance.
• the permeability K is defined with
• the permeability K of the flow resistance to be used is preferably between 10 to 3 * 10 ⁇ m.
• both components can be produced by melt spinning or solvent spinning.
• the core component can also be produced by melt spinning and the sheath component by solvent spinning, for example.
• Solvent spinning means that the spinning solution consists of a polymer dissolved in solvent, while a melted polymer is used in melt spinning. If only one spinneret opening is provided in each of the first and second spinneret plates, a core-sheath monofilament can be produced with the method according to the invention, which is characterized by a sheath of very uniform thickness over the circumference and over the length of the core-sheath monofilament distinguished.
• FIG. 1 shows the area which is opened up in the yarns according to the invention compared to the prior art
• FIG. 2 shows a basic process diagram for producing the yarns according to the invention
• FIG. 3 schematically shows the structure of a spinneret as used in the prior art
• Figure 4 schematically shows the structure of a spinneret, which is necessary for performing the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 8 shows a partial cross section through a yarn according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows which area can be opened up by the core-sheath threads according to the invention. It shows a diagram in which the sheath proportion in% by volume and on the ordinate the proportion A in% of the core-sheath threads with a sheath proportion M + 0.1 M of all core-sheath threads in the yarn are applied.
• the distribution possible in the prior art results from the hatched area designated with the prior art.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a basic process diagram for producing the yarns according to the invention.
• 1 denotes a spinneret package, to which a spinneret plate combination 2 is flanged, which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.
• Extruder and melt lines are connected upstream of the spinneret pack 1 in the usual way (not shown in the figure).
• FIG. 1 denotes a spinneret package, to which a spinneret plate combination 2 is flanged, which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.
• Extruder and melt lines are connected upstream of the spinneret pack 1 in the usual way (not shown in the figure).
• FIG. 3 shows a section of a spinneret known from the prior art, in which a first spinneret plate is denoted by 10 and a second spinneret plate by 11.
• the core melt stream is fed via spinnerets 12 through the first spinneret plate 10 to the second spinneret plate 11 and thereby opens into the spinneret cup 13.
• the jacket stream flows into the space between nozzle plates 10 and 11 and thus flows around each core stream coming from a nozzle 12. In this way, each core component individual stream is supplied with the jacket component flowing around it, after which both components flow together through the nozzle cup 13 into the spinning nozzle opening 14, from which they are extruded.
• elevations 15 are provided on the second nozzle plate 11.
• FIG. 4 shows schematically the structure of a spinneret as used in the method according to the invention.
• a first spinneret plate is designated by 20, a second spinneret plate by 21.
• the core component is supplied via opening 26 into a nozzle channel 22 which continues as channel 23 in the second nozzle plate 21.
• the jacket component is evenly distributed over ring channels 28 between nozzle plate 20 and 21, the space between nozzle plate 20 and 21 being filled with a metal wire mesh 27 such that nozzle channels 22 and 23 remain free throughout.
• the sheath component is thus supplied to the core component from the annular channel 28 via the metal wire braid 27.
• the metal wire mesh acts on the sheath component as a flow resistance.
• the core and sheath components are spun together via the nozzle 24.
• FIG. 5 and 6 show an embodiment of a spinneret as used for the method according to the invention, FIG. 5 showing a longitudinal section and FIG. 6 a cross section.
• the core component is fed to the first spinneret plate 20 via channel 32, while the jacket component is fed via channel 33 (continuation is shown in broken lines because channel 33 runs outside the plane of the drawing), via its continuation 34 through the first spinneret plate 20 into the ring channels ( not designated) is guided between the first and second spinneret plates.
• the flow resistance 27 is inserted between the first nozzle plate 20 and the second nozzle plate 21, which simultaneously acts as a spacer between the first and second nozzle plates 20 and 21. 31 with centering pins and 30 seals. Bushings 35 prevent the jacket component from leaking between the channel plate 29 and the first spinneret plate 20.
• FIG. 7 shows a partial cross section of a yarn made of core-sheath threads, as is available according to the prior art.
• the jacket is labeled 37 and the core 36. It can be seen that both the core and the outer surface vary greatly from thread to thread. Very different jacket and / or core areas can also be determined over the length of the individual threads.
• FIG. 1 A corresponding partial cross section of a yarn according to the invention is shown in FIG.
• the uniformity of the core surface 38 and the outer surface 39 is striking here.
• the invention is explained in more detail by means of examples.
• Examples 1 to 9 show the range of variation within which the yarns according to the invention can be produced.
• the core polymer was a polyester with a relative viscosity typical for textile yarns (1 g polymer in 100 g m-cresol, measured at 25 ° C.), in Examples 4 to 6 a polyester with one for technical yarns low relative viscosity, and in Examples 7 to 9, a polyester with high viscosity, such as is used for example for tire cord or for sewing threads.
• polyamide 66 PA66 was used as the sheath material.
• the spinning pump throughput of the core and jacket components was varied in each of the example groups mentioned above.
• a mesh structure "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" was used as flow resistance (for a more detailed description see Examples 10 to 15).
• the spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
• the core-sheath threads were produced by a method as was explained in more detail above with reference to FIG. 2. However, there was no stretching.
• the process conditions and the polymers used are shown in Table 1.
• Table 1 shows what percentage (A (%)) of the core-sheath threads M vol .-% sheath (taking into account all core Sheath threads that (M ⁇ 0.1 M)% sheath) on the total volume of each Have thread.
• the specification of A (%) is a statistical mean of 10 cross-sectional measurements at various points on the respective yarn.
• the values of A prove the uniformity with which the yarns according to the invention can be made available, and the diameters D of the individual core-sheath threads in the yarn can also be described as very uniform, because these are also in a range of approximately (D. ⁇ 0.1 D).
• polyester with a relative viscosity of 2.04 was chosen as the core polymer.
• Polyamide 66 (PA66) was used as the sheath material in Examples 10 and 11 and a mixture of polyamide 66 and 0.3% by weight Pol ⁇ (m-xylylene adipamide) in Examples 12 to 15 (in the table with "PA66 + addition "designated) used.
• This mixture has a particularly good adhesion to polyester as well as to elastomeric materials, especially rubber.
• Each core-shell combination was wound up once at 900 m / min and once at 500 m / min without stretching, a process according to FIG. 2 again being carried out.
• a mesh with the designation "R.V.S. 60 mesh rolled" was used as flow resistance. This mesh was made of stainless steel wires. 60 wires per inch were interwoven in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The commercially available mesh consisted of steel wires with a diameter of 0.16 mm.
• the spinneret used corresponded to that shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
• the yarns obtained were then drawn on a drawing machine.
• the yarn ran from the spinning bobbin into a first trio. From the trio, the yarn was fed to a second trio via a septet and then to a third trio through a 10 m steam treatment section, in which the yarn was treated with steam at a temperature of 250 ° C., and then wound up while maintaining the stretching speed .
• the septet was kept at a temperature of 75 ° C.
• the draw ratios and draw speeds selected for the yarns according to Examples 10 to 15 are shown in Table 3.
• the draw ratio of the septet means the draw ratio that was applied to the yarn when it passed through the septet.
• the total draw ratio results from the speed difference between the first and third trio.
• L ⁇ SE 1% (N) means the strength of the yarn in (N) with a given elongation of 1% (Load at specific elongation). The same applies to L ⁇ SE 2% and L ⁇ SE 5%.
• the yarns obtained were each stranded into a 1100 (Z 472) x 2 (S 472) tire cord.
• the properties of the tire cord with this construction are also listed in Table 4 under the name "cord”.
• the cord obtained in this way was provided with an adhesive layer in the usual way.
• the cord was passed 120 seconds in succession through an oven with a temperature of 150 ° C. under a tension of 5 N, through a bath, and 45 seconds through an oven with a temperature of 240 C under a tension of 5 N.
• the bath contained the following components:

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

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• 1990
  • 1990-05-14 KR KR1019910700053A patent/KR0140074B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-05-14 BR BR909006770A patent/BR9006770A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-05-14 EP EP90907033A patent/EP0425629A1/de active Pending
  • 1990-05-14 DE DE9090109044T patent/DE59001843D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-05-14 HU HU904475A patent/HU210409B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-05-14 ES ES90109044T patent/ES2041468T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-05-14 JP JP50734190A patent/JP3391789B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-05-14 EP EP90109044A patent/EP0398221B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-05-14 WO PCT/EP1990/000778 patent/WO1990014452A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-05-15 MX MX020703A patent/MX174104B/es unknown
  • 1990-05-16 SK SK2388-90A patent/SK278606B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-05-16 AR AR90316858A patent/AR245232A1/es active
  • 1990-05-16 CZ CS902388A patent/CZ278383B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-05-16 CN CN90103568A patent/CN1021581C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-01-19 JP JP2001012266A patent/JP2001226828A/ja active Pending

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