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EP0334187B1 - Grue mobile à flèche extensible - Google Patents

Grue mobile à flèche extensible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334187B1
EP0334187B1 EP89104602A EP89104602A EP0334187B1 EP 0334187 B1 EP0334187 B1 EP 0334187B1 EP 89104602 A EP89104602 A EP 89104602A EP 89104602 A EP89104602 A EP 89104602A EP 0334187 B1 EP0334187 B1 EP 0334187B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bracing
winch
mobile crane
cable
rope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89104602A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0334187A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Becker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19883840408 external-priority patent/DE3840408A1/de
Application filed by Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH filed Critical Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH
Publication of EP0334187A1 publication Critical patent/EP0334187A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0334187B1 publication Critical patent/EP0334187B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/42—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with jibs of adjustable configuration, e.g. foldable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82—Luffing gear
    • B66C23/821—Bracing equipment for booms
    • B66C23/823—Bracing equipment acting in vertical direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile crane with a telescopic boom articulated on its superstructure or the revolving platform, which can be luffed by a luffing cylinder articulated on this and the revolving platform, with a guy bracket pivotally articulated on the rear of the telescopic boom in the central region of its basic box, at its outer end two rope pulleys with aligned axes are mounted at a distance from one another, with a deflection rope pulley arranged in the region of the upper end of the telescopic boom and with a winch, the rope for bracing the telescopic boom via the rope pulley of the guy block to the upper deflection rope pulley and back over the other pulley of the guy block runs to its fixed point.
  • the winch and the fixed point of the rope are located on opposite sides of the telescopic boom approximately in the pivot axis connecting the guy stand to the telescopic boom.
  • the guy stand itself is braced against the telescopic boom by ropes which are unchangeable in length and which run from the outer ends of the guy stand to the base of the base box of the telescopic boom.
  • they can be tightened the piston rod of a pull cylinder articulated at the base of the base box.
  • the bracing of the telescopic boom of the vehicle crane known from DE-OS 3113763 is relatively complex, since this is not only done by the rope that can be tensioned by the winch, but also by permanently installed ropes that cannot be changed in length and that are additionally tensioned by a hydraulic cylinder can be. Furthermore, in the known mobile crane, regulation of the winch arrangement as a function of the length of the jib and / or the load and / or the jib angle is required, which requires additional effort.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a mobile crane of the type specified at the outset with a simple guyed telescopic boom.
  • this object is achieved in a mobile crane of the generic type in that the winch and the fixed point of the rope are arranged on opposite sides of the telescopic boom in the region of its pivot axis and that the guy stand is held by a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit, which on the one hand is articulated on the guy stand above its pivot axis and on the other hand on the basic box in the central region between the pivot axes of the guy stand and the telescopic boom.
  • the guy stand can be erected by the piston-cylinder unit, which thus also serves as an erecting cylinder in addition to its function as a holding cylinder.
  • the telescopic boom is only braced using the winch, so that the cables and cable guidance are simplified overall.
  • the winch and the fixed point of the rope can be arranged on the rotating platform.
  • the fixed point and the winch must then be arranged so that when the jib is rocked, there is no or only a small amount of rope length to be compensated, which are in the range of the elasticity of the rope and the jib construction.
  • Rope lengths to be compensated for by a seesaw can be avoided if the winch and the fixed point of the rope are arranged directly on the basic box of the telescopic boom.
  • the fixed point of the rope on the basic box of the telescopic boom or on the rotating platform is to be chosen so that the rope to it runs in approximately the same direction as the rope running off the winch.
  • the effective lever arm formed by the guy bracket is large with respect to the pivot point of the guy bracket, so that large rearward torques are generated.
  • the geometry is expediently chosen so that the lower of the two angles between the cables and the guy stand is smaller than the upper one. This choice of angles results in a force component acting on the free end of the guy stand, which stresses the piston-cylinder unit holding it in tension.
  • these angular relationships cannot always be achieved if the telescopic boom is only extended to a shorter length.
  • the winch is provided with an adjustable brake, which limits the winch force to a predetermined torque and, while maintaining this torque, slips when this is exceeded becomes.
  • the torque set on the brake thus limits the highest force acting on the rope. If this force is exceeded, the load going beyond this is absorbed by the telescopic boom, which is designed to absorb bending moments.
  • a spring-loaded brake can be provided as a brake that limits the winch torque.
  • a spring-loaded brake can be provided as a brake that limits the winch torque.
  • the guy cable runs between two pulleys of the guy stand with loop-like reeving over a deflecting tension roller which is attached to the lower region of the guy stand.
  • the deflection tensioning pulley receives an elastic pretension, which is matched to the system in such a way that the tensioning pulley is pulled out in the direction of the tensioning pulley sheaves if the cable is sufficiently large. Therefore, should the rope length change due to the geometry of the reeving of the guy rope, for example when the jib is rocking, because a small rope length is wound up or unwound from the tensioning winch drum in accordance with the rocking angle, the corresponding change in rope pulling force is compensated for by the tensioning roller.
  • the geometry is selected so that no major changes in the tension in the guy rope occur even when the boom is rocking, because the fixed point of the guy rope is arranged so far behind the pivot point that a shortening of the rope essentially compensates. Changes in the length of the guy rope are therefore due to the reeving of the guy rope according to the invention by the choice of the fixed rope point compensated so that an undesirable winding effect of the drum of the guy winch is compensated for when rocking.
  • the bearing of the deflection tensioning roller can be acted upon by a spring against its pulling direction.
  • the deflecting tensioning roller is mounted on a piston rod of a cylinder, the cylinder chamber of which is pressurized by a compressed gas accumulator against the direction of extension of the deflecting tensioning roller.
  • the mobile crane consists of an undercarriage 1 with a plurality of driven axles, of which 6 axles can be steered in the manner shown in FIG. 2.
  • a turntable 2 is arranged on the undercarriage 1 in a known and therefore not described manner.
  • the basic box 3 of the telescopic boom 4 is mounted on the rotating stage 2 in a corresponding holding structure so as to be pivotable about the axis 5.
  • the winch 6 for bracing the boom 4 and the hoist winch 7 are located on the rotating platform 2.
  • the cabin 8 for the crane operator is fastened to the rotating platform 2 in the manner shown, specifically in FIG. 1 for the road transport and folded down 3 in the operating state.
  • the rocker cylinder 9 is articulated on the revolving platform 2 and its piston rod is articulated in the joint 10 with the basic box 3.
  • the guy stand is pivotally connected, which is mounted on the transverse axis 12 of the basic box 3.
  • Rope pulleys 13, 14 are mounted on the upper ends of the lateral bars of the guy bracket 11.
  • To erect and hold the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 16 is articulated in the hinge 17 to the guy stand 11, while the hydraulic cylinder 16 is articulated by the joint 18 to the base box 3.
  • the boom sections 20, 21, 23, which also consist of box-shaped profiles, can be telescoped out of the basic box 3 in a known manner. With the boom head 24 of the top boom section 23 ropes 25 are connected to her wear a bottom block 26 with two deflection rope pulleys at the lower end.
  • the guy rope 28 runs from the winch 6 in the assembled state via the rope pulley 13 to the rope pulleys of the bottom block 26 and back via the rope pulley 14 to the fixed point 29 on the rotating platform 2.
  • the winch 6 and the fixed point 29 are arranged in the region of the pivot axis 5 in the manner shown in FIG. 4 on the superstructure 2.
  • the distance of the rope drum of the winch 6 from the fixed point 29 corresponds approximately to the distance of the rope pulleys 13, 14 at the outer ends of the lateral spars of the guy bracket 11, so that largely a straight and parallel guidance of the guy rope 28 is ensured.
  • the course of the lifting cable 30 is of a conventional type and is therefore not explained.
  • the guy rope 28 is initially pretensioned by the winch 6 to a low force, for example 0.5-1 t.
  • the winch brake is then closed so that the pretensioning of the guy rope 28 is maintained.
  • the tension of the guy rope 28 increases due to the lifting forces acting on the telescopic boom, which tend to bend it. If the highest rope tension is set to 20 t by the brake, for example, the brake slips when the tension force of both rope runs total of 40 t is exceeded. If the set torque of the winch is exceeded, the additionally required rope length is subtracted from it. As a result, the boom bends elastically and absorbs the excess force, which the guy rope no longer absorbs due to the torque limitation of the winch, through elastic deformation. Build yourself in the telescopic boom thus corresponding bending stresses that correspond to the excess force.
  • a renewed pre-tensioning of the guy rope 28, which may have become slack after a load case, is basically only necessary if the geometry has been changed, for example by changing the length of the boom.
  • the guy stand 11 is arranged and fastened on the basic box 3 of the telescopic boom in such a way that the permissible headroom is not exceeded in the stored state.
  • the guy stand 11 When or after the telescopic boom is erected, the guy stand 11 is set into its operating position by the hydraulic cylinder 16. Here, the brake of the winch 6 is open and the drive motor is switched to circulation. A small internal pressure of the drive motor is expediently maintained, however, so that the guy rope does not become slack during installation and erection.
  • the guy bracket 11 is not held by fixed guy ropes, but only by the hydraulic cylinder 16, which ensures its stability.
  • the angle between the guy stand and guy rope to the rear is smaller than that to the front, so that the guy stand wants to tip forward under load. As a result, the cylinder 16 is subjected to tension. Since the hydraulic cylinder 16 with its piston rod is on the outer stop, the guy stand cannot move on.
  • the double bracing of the telescopic boom by means of the guy rope described with reference to the drawing can also be carried out several times, for example three or four times, by a corresponding arrangement of the rope pulleys and the rope guide.
  • a modified embodiment of the mobile crane will now be explained, which differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 4 only in that the guy rope 28 between two rope pulleys 14, 14 'of the guy stand 11 is thereby looped in, that it runs between these pulleys via a deflection tension roller 32.
  • This deflection tensioning roller 32 is rotatably mounted in a forked bearing block 33, which is connected in an articulated manner to the upper end of the piston rod 34 of the cylinder 35.
  • the cylinder 35 is biased by the compressed gas reservoir 36 against the direction of extension of the deflection tensioning roller 32.
  • the cylinder 35 is articulated to the guy bracket 11.
  • the fixed point 29 of the guy rope 28 is arranged so far behind the pivot axis of the telescopic boom that a shortening of the rope compensates again when rocking.
  • the winch of the guy rope is arranged in front of the pivot axis and the guy rope 28 runs from the winch 6 to the deflecting rope pulley 13 of the guy block 11.
  • the geometry of the reeving of the guy rope is chosen so that changes in the length of the guy rope that occur when seesawing are possible can be compensated exactly without readjustment devices to maintain a predetermined rope tension would have to be provided.
  • the path-force diagram of the compressed gas spring which consists of the piston-cylinder unit 34, 35 and the compressed gas accumulator 36, can be seen in FIG. 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Grue mobile avec une flèche télescopique articulée au châssis tournant de celle-ci ou à la plate-forme tournante et qui est basculable par un cylindre basculeur articulé à celle-ci et à la plate-forme tournante, avec un chevalet de haubannage articulé de façon pivotante sur le côté dorsal de la flèche télescopique dans la partie médiane de son caisson de base et à l'extrémité extérieure duquel sont montées deux ou plusieurs poulies à câble à axes alignés, espacées l'une de l'autre, avec une ou plusieurs poulies à câble de renvoi montées au voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure de la flèche télescopique et avec un treuil dont le câble ou les câbles pour le haubannage de la flèche télescopique passe ou passent sur l'une des poulies à câble ou sur les unes poulies à câble du chevalet de haubannage jusqu'à la poulie à câble de renvoi supérieure ou les poulies à câbles de renvoi supérieures et, en retour, sur l'autre poulie à câble ou les autres poulies à câble du chevalet de haubannage jusqu'à son point fixe, caractérisée en ce que le treuil (6) et le point fixe (29) du câble de haubannage (28) sont disposés sur des côtés opposés de la flèche télescopique (4) au voisinage de l'axe de pivotement (5) de celle-ci et en ce que le chevalet de haubannage (11) est maintenu par une unité formant vérin hydraulique à cylindre et à piston (16), qui est articulée d'une part au chevalet de haubannage au-dessus de l'axe de pivot (12) de celui-ci et d'autre part au caisson de base (3) dans la région médiane entre les axes de pivot du chevalet de haubannage (11) et de la flèche télescopique (4).
2. Grue mobile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le treuil (6) et le point fixe (29) sont disposés sur la plate-forme tournante (2).
3. Grue mobile selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le treuil et le point fixe sont disposés sur le caisson de base de la flèche télescopique.
4. Grue mobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la géometrie est choisie de telle façon que l'angle inférieur des deux angles entre le câble de haubannage (28) et le chevalet de haubannage (11) est plus petit que l'angle supérieur.
5. Grue mobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que le treuil (6) est pourvu d'un frein réglable qui limite la force de treuil à un couple de rotation prédéterminé et patine sous maintien de ce couple de rotation quand celui-ci est dépassé.
6. Grue mobile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que comme frein limitant le couple de rotation du treuil est prévu un frein chargé par ressort.
7. Grue mobile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le câble de haubannage (28) passe entre deux poulies à câble (14, 14′) du chevalet de haubannage (11) avec passage en forme de boucle sur une poulie tendeuse de renvoi (32) qui est fixée à la partie inférieure du chevalet de haubannage (11).
8. Grue mobile selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le palier-support (33) de la poulie tendeuse de renvoi (32) est sollicité par un ressort en sens contraire de son sens de sortie en extension.
9. Grue mobile selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que la poulie tendeuse de renvoi (32) est montée sur une tige de piston (34) d'un cylindre (35) dont la chambre de cylindre est sollicitée par un accumulateur de gaz comprimé (36) en sens contraire du sens de sortie en extension de la poulie tendeuse de renvoi (32).
EP89104602A 1988-03-23 1989-03-15 Grue mobile à flèche extensible Expired - Lifetime EP0334187B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3809790 1988-03-23
DE3809790 1988-03-23
DE3812032 1988-04-11
DE3812032 1988-04-11
DE19883840408 DE3840408A1 (de) 1988-03-23 1988-11-30 Fahrzeugkran mit teleskopausleger
DE3840408 1988-11-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334187A1 EP0334187A1 (fr) 1989-09-27
EP0334187B1 true EP0334187B1 (fr) 1991-10-16

Family

ID=27197391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89104602A Expired - Lifetime EP0334187B1 (fr) 1988-03-23 1989-03-15 Grue mobile à flèche extensible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4976361A (fr)
EP (1) EP0334187B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH028196A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4107110A1 (fr) * 2020-03-30 2022-12-28 Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH Grue à tour avec câble de levage auxiliaire

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DE9311778U1 (de) * 1993-08-06 1994-12-08 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh, 89584 Ehingen Mobilkran
DE19606109A1 (de) * 1995-12-12 1997-06-19 Liebherr Werk Ehingen Fahrzeugkran
US7137518B2 (en) * 1999-06-28 2006-11-21 Terex-Demag Gmbh & Co. Kg Telescopic crane
DE10062517C2 (de) * 2000-12-11 2002-12-05 Demag Mobile Cranes Gmbh & Co Teleskopausleger
US6499612B1 (en) 2001-07-27 2002-12-31 Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co., L.P., Lllp Telescoping boom assembly with rounded profile sections and interchangeable wear pads
DE20219126U1 (de) * 2002-12-10 2004-04-15 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Teleskopausleger
US7668730B2 (en) * 2002-12-17 2010-02-23 JPI Commercial, LLC. Sensitive drug distribution system and method
JP5006622B2 (ja) * 2006-11-13 2012-08-22 株式会社タダノ 伸縮ブーム付きクレーン装置
US20090057636A1 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Tait Towers Inc. Portable lift device and system
CN101746675B (zh) * 2009-12-31 2012-05-02 三一汽车制造有限公司 起重机超起装置及其控制系统和控制方法
CA2791616C (fr) * 2010-03-05 2016-04-19 Paul Seales Grue montee sur camion
CN102351129B (zh) * 2011-10-11 2014-03-19 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 一种提升起重机吊载性能的超起装置及起重机
CN102659041B (zh) * 2012-05-10 2014-12-10 中联重科股份有限公司 一种工程机械
CN102874694B (zh) * 2012-09-27 2015-08-12 三一重工股份有限公司 起重机及其超起装置
WO2015109294A1 (fr) * 2014-01-20 2015-07-23 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Système et procédé permettant de raccorder un ensemble suspension de grue à une colonne de support
CN105565191B (zh) * 2015-11-24 2017-11-24 徐州重型机械有限公司 超起装置及起重设备
CN105439007A (zh) * 2015-12-28 2016-03-30 中联重科股份有限公司 起重机的超起装置及该超起装置的调整方法和起重机
US11274465B2 (en) 2020-01-03 2022-03-15 Nov Canada Ulc Tower erection and climbing systems
US11754048B2 (en) 2021-03-25 2023-09-12 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Tower erection system

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4107110A1 (fr) * 2020-03-30 2022-12-28 Liebherr-Werk Biberach GmbH Grue à tour avec câble de levage auxiliaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH028196A (ja) 1990-01-11
US4976361A (en) 1990-12-11
EP0334187A1 (fr) 1989-09-27

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