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EP0296535B1 - Lampe à arc à décharge à basse pression à luminosité de surface élevée - Google Patents

Lampe à arc à décharge à basse pression à luminosité de surface élevée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0296535B1
EP0296535B1 EP19880109861 EP88109861A EP0296535B1 EP 0296535 B1 EP0296535 B1 EP 0296535B1 EP 19880109861 EP19880109861 EP 19880109861 EP 88109861 A EP88109861 A EP 88109861A EP 0296535 B1 EP0296535 B1 EP 0296535B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
lamp
window
tubular portions
arc discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880109861
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0296535A3 (en
EP0296535A2 (fr
Inventor
Timothy Fohl
Robert Y. Pai
Warren C. Gungle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0296535A2 publication Critical patent/EP0296535A2/fr
Publication of EP0296535A3 publication Critical patent/EP0296535A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0296535B1 publication Critical patent/EP0296535B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/92—Lamps with more than one main discharge path
    • H01J61/94—Paths producing light of different wavelengths, e.g. for simulating daylight
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/32—Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes
    • H01J61/325—U-shaped lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/35—Vessels; Containers provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/38—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
    • H01J61/42—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence

Definitions

  • This invention relates to low-pressure arc discharge lamps and more particularly to such lamps wherein a considerable portion of the light emitted from the lamp is to be directed in a particular direction. Lamps of this type may be adaptable for use both as an element in a picture display and in certain general illuminating applications.
  • Low-pressure arc discharge lamps have been used for optical presentation of information, i.e. presentation of alpha numeric signs, graphics and pictures displayed on a screen or display, respectively.
  • Such a display consists of a matrix of picture elements, each picture element consisting of a monochrome light signal source in the case of a monochrome display.
  • one picture element is composed on three single lamps of the primary colours red, green and blue. The desired colour impression is then created physiologically by additive mixture of the three primary colours within the human eye/brain system.
  • FIG. 1 of GB-A-2 145 873 shows a typical lamp which comprises a phosphor-coated tubular envelope of convoluted tridimensional configuration that contains a pair of electrodes and an ionizable medium.
  • a multiplicity of the above fluorescent lamps are arranged in a matrix so as to form one picture element by the combination of three lamps having the envelope coated with respective phosphors emitting the different primary colours, i.e. red, green and blue.
  • the known lamps operate satisfactorily when used in some of such displays, drawbacks still exist.
  • Presenting information to a large audience in the open air means looking for a correspondingly large area display which is distinctly visible not only at night but also during daylight and with sufficient optical resolution from a greater viewing distance.
  • only the curved portion of the U-shaped envelope is presented towards the audience so that no more than approximately 20 percent of the radiation is effective.
  • the rest is dissipated, especially through the parallel legs of the U-shaped envelope which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lamp and substantially normal or perpendicular, respectively, to the plane of fixation of a unit, said plane being also substantially normal to the viewing direction of the spectators.
  • the surface brightness along the envelope is substantially constant, i.e., one area along the envelope does not appear brighter than another area.
  • the envelope includes at least two longitudinally extending leg members joined together by a transversely extending envelope portion.
  • Examples of such lamps which are commercially available are the "Twin Tube” and “Double Twin Tube” fluorescent lamps manufactured by GTE Sylvania, Danvers, Massachusetts.
  • Other examples are disclosed in US-A-4,374,340, US-A-4,426,602 and US-A-4,481,442. Lamps described in the above-mentioned U.S. Patents allow most of the radiation to be dissipated through the longitudinally extending leg members.
  • the surface brightness along the envelope is also substantially constant.
  • JP-A-57/78765 It is known from JP-A-57/78765 to provide an arc discharge capsule having a window in an envelope coated with a reflective and fluorescent layers where these layers are absent.
  • JP-A-60/91546 provides an arc discharge lamp comprising a sealed envelope having a base end and a top end, the envelope including two elongate tubular portions each containing an electrode at the base end thereof, the elongate tubular portions being interconnected towards the top end of the envelope by a transverse portion, the envelope having a coating comprising a phosphor as a component, the coating extending along the elongate tubular portions, and the envelope being provided with a window at the top end thereof which is positioned over at least one of the elongate tubular portions, at least part of the coating being absent across the area of the window.
  • the present invention is characterised in that the window covers the cross section of at least one of the elongate tubular portions and the brightness of the lamp viewed through the window is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of the elongate tubular portions.
  • the present invention is characterised in that the interconnection between the two tubular portions is spaced by a distance towards the base of the envelope from the top, and there are defined two spaced apart top portions each aligned with a respective tubular portion, at least one of the top portions defining the window, and wherein the brightness of the lamp viewed through the window is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of the elongate tubular portions.
  • a reflector layer is disposed on the internal surface of the major body portion of the envelope and not disposed on the internal surface of at least a part of the portion of the envelope forming a window.
  • a phosphor layer is disposed on the reflector layer such that the surface brightness of the phosphor layer as viewed through the window portion of the envelope is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of the phosphor layer on the major body portion of the envelope during operation of the lamp.
  • the phosphor layer is disposed both on the reflector layer and the internal surface of a part of the portion of the envelope forming the window.
  • the envelope includes at least first and second longitudinally extending leg members and a transversely extending envelope portion joining the first and second leg members to form a continuous passage therethrough for the arc discharge.
  • the top portions of the respective tubular portions have a flat surface thereon lying in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lamp.
  • the window is formed on a curvilinear surface of the elongate tubular portions.
  • the window is located on the transversely extending envelope portion.
  • the transversely extending envelope portion has a substantially U-shaped configuration and the window has a substantially U-shaped surface thereon.
  • the top portion has a substantially U-shaped configuration and the window portion is located on the U-shaped surface.
  • an arc discharge lamp array comprising a plurality of sealed envelopes (e.g. three) each being of longitudinal configuration including a major body portion having first and second longitudinally extending leg members.
  • a transversely extending envelope portion joins the first and second leg members to form a continuous passage therethrough for an arc discharge.
  • First and second minor transverse end portions are associated respectively with the first and second longitudinally extending leg members.
  • a base member supports the plurality of sealed envelopes and has electrical contact means projecting from a surface of the base member.
  • An ionizable medium is contained within each of the sealed envelopes.
  • a pair of electrodes is spacedly located within each of the sealed envelopes for generating arc discharges therebetween and electrically coupled respectively to the electrical contact means.
  • a phosphor layer is within each of the sealed envelopes and subtends at least the major body portion thereof. In one embodiment the phosphor layer also subtends the first and second top portions associated respectively with the first and second longitudinally extending leg members. The surface brightness of the phosphor layer of each of the sealed envelopes as viewed through the windows of the top portions of each of the sealed envelopes is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of the phosphor layer subtending the major body portion of the sealed envelope respectively during operation. In a preferred embodiment, the phosphor layer within each of the envelopes is of a different spectral power distribution.
  • an arc discharge lamp 10 such as a fluorescent lamp, including a sealed envelope 12 containing an ionizable medium including a quantity of mercury and an inert stating gas at low pressure, for example, in the order of 1-5 mm of mercury.
  • the starting gas can be, for example, argon, krypton, neon, or helium, or a mixture of these and other gases.
  • a pair of electrodes 14, 16 supported by lead-in wires 18, 20 and 22, 24, respectively, is spacedly located within envelope 12 for generating an arc discharge therebetween during operation of lamp 10.
  • Electrodes 14, 16 can be, for example, a double or triple-coiled tungsten filament of the usual type and carry a coating thereon which is usually in the form of carbonates which upon processing, are converted to oxide.
  • one of the pair of electrodes may be in the form of an anode suitable for D.C. operation and requires only support from a single lead-in wire.
  • a phosphor layer within sealed envelope 12 converts the ultraviolet radiation generated in the mercury discharge into visible radiation.
  • Envelope 12 of arc discharge lamp 10 in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes first and second longitudinally extending leg members 28 and 30, respectively. Also included with envelope 12 is a transversely extending envelope portion 32 joining the first and second longitudinally extending leg member 28 and 30 to form a continuous passage therethrough for the arc discharge. Transversely extending envelope portion 32 is longitudinally spaced a predetermined distance D (e.g., 9.53 mm (0.375 inch)) from an end portion of envelope 12.
  • the transversely extending envelope portion may have various other shapes, for example, a squared U-shape configuration as illustrated by 42 in the partial front elevational view of the arc discharge lamp 10A of FIG. 3 or a rounded U-shape configuration as illustrated by 43 in the partial front elevational view of the arc discharge lamp 10B of FIG. 4.
  • envelope 12 includes a major body portion 36 and first and second top portions 38 and 40, respectively associated with first and second longitudinally extending leg members 28 and 30.
  • a phosphor layer 26 is disposed on the internal surface 34 of major body portion 36 of envelope 12.
  • substantially the entire internal circumference of leg members 28 and 30 is coated with phosphor layer 26.
  • the phosphor layer is not disposed on the internal surface of at least a part of at least one of the elongate tubular portions, thereby forming a window 28 and 30. As best illustrated in FIGS.
  • flat surface 41 on the top portions 38 and 40 the elongate tubular portions which lies in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of lamp 12, is devoid of the phosphor layer.
  • the elongate tubular portions may have a more curvilinear shape (see FIG. 4).
  • the internal surface brightness of the phosphor layer as viewed through the window devoid of phosphor can be five or six times greater than the intensity of the external surface brightness of the phosphor layer over the major body portion of the envelope during operation of the lamp.
  • An envelope with a T6 (19mm (0.75 inch)) outside diameter will result in total area of increased surface brightness of approximately 650 mm2 (one square inch).
  • the area of increased surface brightness can be varied by simply changing the diameter of the envelope.
  • the window is located on the transversely extending envelope portion.
  • window 44 is located on the squared U-shaped transversely extending envelope portion 42.
  • a flat surface 41 is devoid of a phosphor layer at window 44.
  • the internal surface brightness of phosphor layer 26 is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of phosphor layer 26 during lamp operation.
  • a window is located on elongate tubular portion 46 on the rounded U-shaped transversely extending envelope portion 43.
  • a curvilinear v-shaped surface 48 on end portion 46 is devoid of a phosphor layer.
  • the internal surface brightness of phosphor layer 26 is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of phosphor layer 26 when viewed through the uncoated part, ie. the window of portion 46.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show another embodiment of an arc discharge lamp according to the present invention.
  • An arc discharge lamp 50 such as a fluorescent lamp, is shown including a sealed envelope 52 containing an ionizable medium including a quantity of mercury and an inert starting gas.
  • a pair of electrodes 54,56 supported by lead-in wires 58,60 and 62,64, respectively is spacedly located within envelope 52 for generating an arc discharge therebetween during operation of lamp 50.
  • Envelope 52 includes first and second longitudinally extending leg members 68 and 70 respectively. Also included with envelope 52 is a transversely extending envelope portion 72 joining the first and second longitudinally extending leg members 68 and 70 to form a continuous passage therethrough for the arc discharge. Transversely extending envelope portion 72 is longitudinally spaced a predetermined distance D from an end portion of envelope 52. Envelope 52 includes a major body portion 76 and first and second minor transverse end portions 78 and 80, respectively associated with first and second longitudinally extending leg members 68 and 70.
  • a reflector layer 65 is disposed on the internal surface 74 of major body portion 76 of envelope 52.
  • the reflector layer is not disposed on the internal surface of at least a part of at least one of the elongate tubular portions.
  • a part of each of the top portions 78 and 80 is devoid of the internal reflector layer.
  • Reflector layer 65 can be a non-absorbing material, such as, titanium dioxide or alumina. Thus the light which would normally be emitted out of the leg members would be reflected back into the lamp to further increase surface brightness.
  • a phosphor layer 66 is disposed on reflector layer 65 and, if desired, on a part of the internal surfaces of one or both of the top portions.
  • a phosphor layer 66 is extended over the internal surfaces of both first and second top portions 78 and 80.
  • the surface brightness of phosphor layer 66 as viewed through the windows of top portions 78 and 80 of envelope 52 is of greater intensity than the external surface brightness of phosphor layer 66 on major body portion 76 of envelope 52.
  • substantially the entire internal circumference of leg members 68 and 70 is coated with reflector layer 65 overcoated with a phosphor layer 66.
  • window portions 38,40,44,46,78,80 of each envelope are of light-transmitting vitreous material such as soda-lime or lead glass.
  • Major body portions 36,76 of first and second longitudinally extending leg members 28,30 and 68,70, respectively, can be made of a non-lighttransmitting material, if desired.
  • an arc discharge lamp array 100 is shown including three sealed envelopes 102,104,106.
  • Each of the sealed envelopes includes a major body portion having respective first longitudinally extending leg members 114,116,118 and second longitudinally extending leg members 120, 122, 124.
  • Each of the sealed envelopes 102,104,106 includes a transversely extending envelope portion 126,128,130, respectively, joining first and second pairs of leg members and first top portions 132,134,136 and second top portions 138,140,142 associated respectively with first longitudinally extending leg members 114,116,118 and second longitudinally extending leg members 120, 122,124.
  • Each of the sealed envelopes contains an ionizable medium having a quantity of mercury and an inert starting gas at low pressure, for example, in the order of 133-666 Pa (1-5 mm of mercury).
  • the starting gas and pressures in each of the three individually sealed envelopes may be different from each other.
  • a pair of electrodes 108, 110 and 112 is spacedly located respectively within sealed envelopes 102,104 and 106 for generating arc discharges between individual pairs of electrodes.
  • a phosphor layer within each of the sealed envelopes subtends the major body portion of each of the envelopes by either being disposed on the internal surface of an envelope as shown in the first embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2 or on an underlying reflector layer as illustrated in the second embodiment in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the phosphor layer does not subtend at least a part of the top portions associated with the longitudinally extending leg members.
  • the phosphor layer may also extend over the part of the internal surface of a top portion not having the reflector layer thereon.
  • the individually sealed envelopes 102,104,106 can be provided with respective fluorescent phosphor layers of different spectral power distributions emitting the different primary colours, i.e. red, green and blue such as YOX(Y2O3:Eu), CAT(MgAl11O19:Ce, Tb) and BAM(BaMg2Al16O22:Eu), respectively.
  • each of the sealed envelopes is configured and coated as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a pair of coloured dots per envelope will be produced. At a viewing distance for which the three separate layers will appear to be a single pixel to the unaided eye, the two dots will appear to merge and form a single area of light. It is understood that one coloured dot per envelope can be produced, for example, if one of the internal surfaces 41 illustrated in FIG. 1 is also coated with the phosphor layer 26 or if the reflector layer 65 in FIG. 5 is extended over one of the internal surfaces 81. A filter coating or externally mounted filter can be used to vary the colour of the lamps.
  • arc discharge lamp array is a base member 144 supporting sealed envelopes 102,104 and 106. Electrical contact means such as pins 146, project from a surface 150 on base member 144 in order to provide connection from an electrical socket to the lamp electrodes.
  • the lamps may have more than two leg members and more than one transversely extending envelope portion.
  • an external non-absorbing reflector layer having a higher reflectivity than that of the internal reflector layer may be employed.
  • the present invention provides an arc discharge lamp that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art; furthermore it provides an improved arc discharge lamp adaptable for use both as a picture element in a picture display and in certain general illuminating applications wherein the surface brightness of the phosphor viewed through a portion of the lamp envelope substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis is of a greater intensity than the surface brightness of the phosphor on a longitudinally extending portion of the envelope.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Lampe à décharge en arc (10; 10A; 10B; 50, 100) comprenant une ampoule scellée (12; 52; 102) ayant un culot et un sommet, l'ampoule incluant deux parties tubulaires de forme allongée (28, 30; 68, 70; 114, 120) enfermant chacune une électrode (14, 16; 54, 56; 114, 120) au culot de celle-ci, les parties tubulaires de forme allongée étant interconnectées vers le sommet de l'ampoule par une partie transversale (32; 42; 43; 72; 126), l'ampoule présentant un revêtement (26; 65, 66) comprenant un luminophore en tant que composant, le revêtement s'étendant le long des parties tubulaires de forme allongée, et l'ampoule étant pourvue d'une fenêtre (38, 40; 44; 46; 78, 80; 132, 138) à son sommet, qui est positionnée au-dessus d'au moins une des parties tubulaires de forme allongée, au moins une partie du revêtement (26; 66) étant absente à travers la surface de la fenêtre, caractérisée en ce que la fenêtre couvre la coupe d'au moins une des parties tubulaires de forme allongée et que la luminosité de la lampe vue à travers la fenêtre est d'une intensité supérieure à celle de la luminosité de la paroi extérieure des parties tubulaires de forme allongée.
  2. Lampe (10; 10A; 10B) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement est constitué par un luminophore (26) et que le luminophore est absent sur la fenêtre (38, 40; 44; 46).
  3. Lampe (50) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement est constitué par une couche réfléchissante (65) et un luminophore (66), et que la couche réfléchissante (65) est absente sur la fenêtre (78, 80).
  4. Lampe selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'il y a une couche réfléchissante sur la paroi extérieure de l'ampoule.
  5. Lampe (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une unique fenêtre (44; 46) recouvre les deux parties tubulaires.
  6. Lampe (10; 50) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'une fenêtre séparée (38, 40; 78, 80; 132, 138) est prévue pour chaque partie tubulaire (28, 30; 68, 70; 114, 120).
  7. Lampe selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la partie transversale (32; 72; 126) entre les deux parties tubulaires (28, 30; 68, 70; 114, 120) est séparée d'une distance (D) vers le culot de l'ampoule à partir du sommet où les fenêtres (38, 40; 78, 80; 132, 138) sont prévues.
  8. Lampe selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que les fenêtres (38, 40; 78, 80) sont déterminées par des parties plates de l'ampoule perpendiculaires aux axes des parties tubulaires.
  9. Lampe selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que la fenêtre (44) est déterminée par une extrémité plate de sommet de l'ampoule.
  10. Lampe (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'il y a plus que deux parties tubulaires de forme allongée (28, 30) et plus qu'une partie transversale (32).
  11. Tableau (100) de lampes à décharge en arc comprenant une pluralité de lampes (102, 104, 106) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, et montées sur un culot commun (144).
  12. Tableau (100) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que chacune des lampes (102, 104, 106) enferme une couche de luminophore d'une distribution de puissance spectrale différente.
  13. Tableau (100) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il y a trois lampes (102, 104, 106) émettant respectivement une lumière rouge, une lumière verte et une lumière bleue.
EP19880109861 1987-06-22 1988-06-21 Lampe à arc à décharge à basse pression à luminosité de surface élevée Expired - Lifetime EP0296535B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6497887A 1987-06-22 1987-06-22
US64978 1987-06-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0296535A2 EP0296535A2 (fr) 1988-12-28
EP0296535A3 EP0296535A3 (en) 1990-11-07
EP0296535B1 true EP0296535B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880109861 Expired - Lifetime EP0296535B1 (fr) 1987-06-22 1988-06-21 Lampe à arc à décharge à basse pression à luminosité de surface élevée

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EP (1) EP0296535B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6481161A (fr)
DE (1) DE3854103T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7863816B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2011-01-04 General Electric Company Dielectric barrier discharge lamp

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL98844C (fr) * 1956-07-05
GB1213545A (en) * 1967-06-05 1970-11-25 Sylvania Electric Prod Reflector flourescent lamp
NL185479C (nl) * 1979-04-03 1990-04-17 Philips Nv Lagedrukgasontladingslamp.
JPS5778765A (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-17 Toshiba Corp Fluorescent glow discharge lamp
JPS6023947A (ja) * 1983-07-18 1985-02-06 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd カラー放電灯
JPS6091546A (ja) * 1983-10-25 1985-05-22 Toshiba Corp 表示素子用けい光ランプ
JPS61163555A (ja) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-24 Matsushita Electronics Corp 光学機器用反射形螢光ランプ
JPS62157658A (ja) * 1985-12-28 1987-07-13 Toshiba Electric Equip Corp 表示素子

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0296535A3 (en) 1990-11-07
DE3854103D1 (de) 1995-08-10
EP0296535A2 (fr) 1988-12-28
DE3854103T2 (de) 1996-03-07
JPS6481161A (en) 1989-03-27

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