EP0198509A1 - Electro-mechanical actuator with a 180 degrees electric-motor drive - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electro-mechanical actuator with a 180 degrees electric motor drive of the kind which comprises an electric motor to drive a toothed gear wheel (R) which, on each half-rotation, drives a control shaft (T) forwards or backwards, characterized in that the said toothed gear wheel (R) is fastened with a limited angular play to a drive wheel (E) of the said control shaft (T) and this drive wheel (E) comprises a torsional spring (Rc) which tends to return the toothed gear wheel (R) and the drive wheel (E) into a predetermined angular position, and in that, moreover, the drive wheel (E) comprises a retractable stop (RI) at a predetermined angular position at the end of the angular play, and the tensioning of the torsional spring (Rc) produced by the said stop (RI) causes the retraction of the said stop (RI) and also the holding of the wheels in a second predetermined angular position by the said retractable stop (RI).

Description

The invention relates to an electromechanical actuating device which is driven by an electric motor by half a revolution in each case.

The known actuators, for example fi use in central locking systems for motor vehicles, generally comprise an electronic control center which transmits the drive to all the actuators in the system, the precise stopping of the actuators in the rest position and the security against untimely actuation. The conditions of use generally make these systems appear fragile, and in all cases their installation is costly and complicated.

The aim of the invention is to ensure the system's functions and safety features by means of electromechanical means which are accommodated in the actuating device itself, and to use the properties of the electromechanical means with regard to robustness, simplicity, functionality and economy.

Therefore, object of the invention is an electromechanical actuator with halbtourigem driven by electric motor, the umfaß _t an electric motor for driving a gear which drives a control pin to back-and-fro movement at each half-rotation, characterized in that said toothed wheel with limited angular play fixed is connected to a drive wheel of the said pin and this drive wheel comprises a torque spring which tends to bring the gear wheel and the drive wheel back into a certain angular position, and the drive wheel also comprises a stop element which can be retracted into a certain angular position at the end of the working cycle; in this case, the tension of the torque spring induced by the abovementioned stop produces the retraction of the abovementioned stop member and the locking by the retractable stop member in a second specific angular position.

• - Figur 1 eine Schemaansicht in Draufsicht einer Betätigungsvorrichtung-gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit geöffnetem Getriebekasten ist;
• - Figur 2 entspricht der Figur 1, doch sind hier die Getriebe- und gleitenden Teile weggenommen;
• - Figur 3 ist eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie III-III in Figur 1;
• - Figur 4 ist eine Ansicht des Zahnrads von oben;
• - Figur 5 ist eine diametrale Schnittansicht des Zahnrads in Figur 4;
• - Figur 6 ist eine Ansicht des Zahnrads der Figuren 4 und 5 von unten;
• - Figur 7 ist eine Seitenansicht des Antriebsrads;
• - Figur 8 ist eine Ansicht des Antriebsrads in Figur 7 von unten;
• - Figur 9 ist eine Axialschnittansicht des Rads in Figuren 7 und 8;
• - Figur 10 ist eine Ansicht des Rads der Figuren 7 bis 9 von oben;
• - Figur 11 ist ein abgewickeltes Schema eines Teils des Rads der Figuren 7 bis 10;
• - Figur 12 ist eine Seitenansicht eines Schlittens der Betätigungsvorrichtung;
• - Figur 13 ist eine Seitenansicht der anderen Fläche des Schlittens in Figur 12;
• - Figur 14 ist eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie XIV-XIV in Figur 12;
• - Figur 15 ist eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie XV-XV in Figur 13;
• - Figur 16 ist eine Draufsicht des Schlittens in Figuren 12 bis 15;
• - Figur 17 ist eine perspektivische Schemaansicht einer Blattfeder;
• - Figur 18 ist eine Draufsicht des Steuerstiftes der Betätigungsvorrichtung;
• - Figur 19 ist eine Seitenansicht des Stiftes in Figur 18;
• - Figur 20 ist eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie XX-XX in Figur 18;
• - Figur 21 ist eine perspektivische Schemaansicht einer anderen Blattfeder;
• - Figur 22 ist ein elektrisches Schaltschema in Haltstellung mit zurückgeführtem Schlitten;
• - Figur 23 entspricht der Figur 22, nur ist hier der Schlitten ausgefahren;
• - Figur 24 entspricht den Figuren 22 und 23 für den Fall einer Lösung des Steuerstiftes und des Schlittens;
• - Figur 25 veranschaulicht schematisch die Stellung des Schlittens während des Betriebs;
• - Figur 26 stellt die entsprechende Stellung des Zahnrads und des Antriebsrads dar;
• - Figur 27 veranschaulicht schematisch in Draufsicht und in Abwicklung die entsprechende Stellung eines Anschlagorgans des Antriebsrads;
• - Figur 28 stellt die entsprechende Stellung der Berührungsbahnen dar;
• - Figuren 29 bis 32 entsprechen den Figuren 25 bis 28, allerdings für die erste Anschlagstellung;
• - Figuren 33 bis 36 entsprechen den Figuren 25 bis 28, jedoch für die zweite Anschlagstellung;
• - Figur 37 ist ein elektrisches Schaltschema für den Antrieb einer Betätigungsvorrichtung der Vordertür und einer Betätigungsvorrichtung der Hintertür für eine Variante, und
• - Figur 38 ist eine Variante des Schemas in Figur 37.
• - Figuren 39 und 40 sind Varianten der Figuren 37 bzw. 38. Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Betätigungsvorrichtung ist bestimmt zum Betätigen der Verriegelung und Entriegelung eines Schlosses (nicht dargestellt) einer Automobiltür oder Gatterwand (Kombiwagen).

The invention will be better understood upon reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

• - Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an actuator according to an embodiment of the invention with the gearbox open;
• - Figure 2 corresponds to Figure 1, but here the gear and sliding parts are removed;
• - Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in Figure 1;
• - Figure 4 is a top view of the gear;
• Figure 5 is a diametrical sectional view of the gear in Figure 4;
• Figure 6 is a bottom view of the gear of Figures 4 and 5;
• - Figure 7 is a side view of the drive wheel;
• - Figure 8 is a bottom view of the drive wheel in Figure 7;
• Figure 9 is an axial sectional view of the wheel in Figures 7 and 8;
• Figure 10 is a top view of the wheel of Figures 7-9;
• Figure 11 is a developed diagram of part of the wheel of Figures 7-10;
• - Figure 12 is a side view of a slide of the actuator;
• Figure 13 is a side view of the other surface of the sled in Figure 12;
• Figure 14 is a sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV in Figure 12;
• Figure 15 is a sectional view taken along the line XV-XV in Figure 13;
• Figure 16 is a top view of the carriage in Figures 12 to 15;
• - Figure 17 is a perspective schematic view of a leaf spring;
• - Figure 18 is a top view of the control pin of the actuator;
• Figure 19 is a side view of the pin in Figure 18;
• Figure 20 is a sectional view taken along the line XX-XX in Figure 18;
• - Figure 21 is a perspective schematic view of another leaf spring;
• - Figure 22 is an electrical circuit diagram in the stop position with the carriage returned;
• - Figure 23 corresponds to Figure 22, only the slide is extended here;
• - Figure 24 corresponds to Figures 22 and 23 in the event of a release of the control pin and the slide;
• - Figure 25 illustrates schematically the position of the carriage during operation;
• - Figure 26 shows the corresponding position of the gear and the drive wheel;
• - Figure 27 illustrates schematically in plan view and in development the corresponding position of a stop member of the drive wheel;
• - Figure 28 shows the corresponding position of the contact paths;
• - Figures 29 to 32 correspond to Figures 25 to 28, but for the first stop position;
• - Figures 33 to 36 correspond to Figures 25 to 28, but for the second stop position;
• - Figure 37 is an electrical circuit diagram for driving an actuator of the front door and an actuator of the rear door for a variant, and
• - Figure 38 is a variant of the scheme in Figure 37.
• FIGS. 39 and 40 are variants of FIGS. 37 and 38, respectively. The actuating device shown in the drawing is intended for actuating the locking and unlocking of a lock (not shown) in an automobile door or gate wall (station wagon).

• 1. bei Normalbetätigung des zur Steuerung durch die Betätigungsvorrichtung bestimmten Schließstiftes (nicht dargestellt) ein präzises Anhalten des Rades und des Motors nach jeweils 180° in genau bestimmten Winkelstellungen, damit die Steuersicherheit des Schloßantriebs sowie die Sicherheit einer richtigen elektrischen Auslösung des Motors für die nächste Folge gewährleistet sind;
• 2. bei zufälliger, wiederholter und unrichtiger Betätigung des Steuerstiftes des Schlosses während einer Drehung der Drehorgane der Betätigungsvorrichtung eine konsequente Begradigung des Betätigungsfehlers durch Drehung einer zusätzlichen Halbtour, wodurch alle Elemente der Betätigungsvorrichtung zweckmäßig neu ausgerichtet werden und somit die Funktionssicherheit der Vorrichtung bei der nächsten Normalbetätigung des Steuerstiftes für das betroffene Schloß gewährleistet wird.

The electric motor M, supplied sequentially via a collector with a circular contact path, selector contact fingers and sliding contacts, which will be described in more detail later, drives a gearwheel R via a worm gear V and an auxiliary reduction gear DA. This rotation in the sense S, which results from the single direction of rotation of the motor M, is effected according to a travel path of 180 ° by means of an electromechanical control characteristic of the motor, a so-called half-turn, which is designed to ensure in all cases in particular :

• 1. with normal actuation of the locking pin intended for control by the actuating device (not shown), a precise stopping of the wheel and the motor after each 180 ° in precisely defined angular positions, so that the control security of the lock drive and the security of a correct electrical triggering of the motor for the next one Consequence are guaranteed;
• 2. in the event of accidental, repeated and incorrect actuation of the control pin of the lock during a rotation of the rotating elements of the actuating device, a consequent straightening of the actuating error by rotating an additional half-turn, as a result of which all elements of the actuating device are appropriately realigned and thus the functional reliability of the device during the next normal actuation the control pin for the affected lock is guaranteed.

The gear wheel R (FIGS. 4 to 6) is offset via a bean-shaped opening 1 through which the protruding driver (d) of a second drive wheel E (FIGS. 7 to 11) passes - the drive wheel E rotates on the same axis A as the wheel R. , which partially covers the circumference of the wheel E - the wheel E in rotation, which in turn drives a locking slide C (shown in more detail in Figures 12 to 16) and also, as will be explained below, ensures safety of the successive attacks.

The driver d is supported sequentially depending on the starting position of the sequence, which is initiated by a return or exit position of the control pin T of the actuating device, either on the outer edge r _{1 of} the upper side relief r of the raised part r of the lower side relief r _{i of} the sliding sole S des Sled C on this Is stimulated to a linear reciprocating movement, namely every half rotation of the drive wheel E equipped with the driver (d).

The wheel E carries on its outer circumferential edge, which is not covered by the wheel R, two diametrically opposite cut-in areas Cr ₁ and Cr ₂ , which are shown in further detail in FIGS. 8, 10 and 11. The areas Cr ₁ and Cr ₂ each comprise incisions 1 and 2, which interact in sequence in the course of the sequential displacement with a V-shaped leaf spring R ₁ with a curved apex (FIG. 17). The ends of the spring R are supported in a seat 1 in the housing of the actuating device, while their rounded apex is elastically supported on the circumferential edge of the wheel E so that at the end of a sequence of these apices it engages in the incision 1 in the area Cr ₁ or Cr ₂ , which was diametrically opposed to him at the beginning of the episode.

In an expediently designed seat, the wheel E carries a torque spring R, the free ends of which approach each other in the course of the sequence under the joint action of an inner cam b _{1 of} the wheel R and an inner stop edge b _{2 of} the wheel E. If the wheel R stops, the spring R _C instantaneously relaxes and exerts a return pressure on the stop b _{2 of} the wheel E, which causes an additional rotation of this wheel E until the apex of the spring R ₁ passes from incision 1 to incision 2 of the incised area. In this effective and safe manner, the wheel E is stopped in a precise and stable position, which is determined by the incision 2.

The corresponding displacement sequences are illustrated in FIGS. 25 to 36.

The precise angular position of the wheel E causes a precise displacement of this carriage C and its control pin T in the return or exit position 'via the driver d, which sits between the drive joint edges r ₁ and r _{2 of} the carriage C.

In addition, the wheel E carries on its back the circular contact track, divided into sectors S ₁ and S ₂ , each of which, depending on the angular position of the wheel E, cooperate with electrical grinding wheels F ₁ - F ₂ - F ₃ , which are in the wall of the housing Actuating device are housed and the loop ends assume the positions shown in Figure 2. This arrangement ensures that each work sequence that has been started is ended and that each precise stopping of the wheel E guides the live sectors of the contact track to only two of three grinding wheels, whereby the triggering of the next sequence depending on the position of the distributor contact C _C -C _T , which alternately connects the grinding wheels F ₁ -F3 with the power supply line, is guaranteed. These phases can be seen particularly clearly in FIGS. 28, 32 and 36.

The actuating device also includes means which make it possible to actuate the lock by hand if one of the electromechanical control parts fails, also for the functioning of other associated electromechanical locks, for example on a motor vehicle.

In the event that actuation of the slide C according to the invention or a corresponding fixing of the pin T is not possible, the pin T is mechanically mounted on the slide C in such a way that it acts on one or the other of these parts under the action of a greater longitudinal force exercised is elastically disengaged, which enables the electrical supply and power consumption, i.e. the functioning of further locks connected in parallel.

The control pin T is provided with an end piece 3, the width of which is selected such that it finds accommodation with gentle friction in a groove 3 'of the sole of the carriage C and can slide therein. A leaf spring Rd (Figure 21), similar to the spring R ₁ , has its apex supported on the bottom of a longitudinal seat 4 of the pin T and engages in a notch 4 'of the groove 3' of the carriage C. The carriage C-pin T assembly is thus stiffened for normal operation, but can be separated by elastic deformation of the spring Rd in the event of an abnormal force.

The whole is provided so that any accidental, improper manipulation of the lock control remains harmless in one of the operating consequences of the actuating device.

The two distribution contacts C _c and C, one located under the sole of the slide C, the other under the control pin T, slide on the fixed terminal area of each grinding wheel F ₁ and F ₃ to connect them to an electrical supply terminal A and a proper one Ensure current consumption in the sequential circuit. This topic is referred to in FIGS. 22, 23 and 24.

befindet, wodurch eine Versorgung des Motors

Bahn und den Kontakt F₂ möglich ist. Der

Rad R-Rad E-Bahn S dreht sich um eine halbe Tour im Sinne S.To obtain a rotary actuation of the device, only the assembly pin T - slide C needs to be pushed into the exit position for the electrical connection of the supply terminal A to the grinding body F ₃ , which is in contact with the sector S _{1 of} the

located, thereby supplying the motor

Path and the contact F _{2 is} possible. The

Bike R-Bike E-Bahn S turns half a tour in the sense S.

At the end of a rotation through 180 °, as soon as the grinding wheel F ₃ loses contact with the sector S ₁ , the electrical supply to the system is interrupted. The rotatable assembly stops in precise angular position thanks to the means described above. The grinding wheel F is in contact with the path S ₁ , ready to restart the system as soon as a new drive for the assembly of the T-carriage C pin is effected.

In the event that the user takes a double load on the control after the assembly has made a new rotation, the sliding contacts D and C _{C of} the pin T and the slide C are automatically in the position shown in Figure 24, ie pin T and Sledge C are temporarily disengaged and no longer aligned. Via the double electrical distribution on the grinding wheel F ₁ , which results from this, instead of stopping in the position according to FIG. 23, the turned parts perform a new adjustment rotation by 180 ° in order to bring the slide C back again so that it is in relation is realigned and fixed on the pin T, whereby the assembly is brought into the position according to FIG. 22.

The embodiment according to FIG. 37 enables total functional reliability to be obtained when the control pin T is displaced. The track S carries a radial projection S _{3 which} , in the holding position (shown in the drawing), is in contact with an abrasive body F ₄ which is responsible for the front actuator ACA and the rear actuator ACR is connected to a line L. A grinding wheel F ₅ , diametrically opposite the grinding wheel F, is connected to a line L ₂ . A control grinding body F ₆ connected to the opposite polarity (in the drawing -) with respect to that to which the motor M (in the drawing +) is connected cooperates with the circumference of the path S which has two diametrically opposite cutouts E ₁ and E2, one of which one (in the drawing E ₁ ) is in the stop position on the grinding wheel F ₆ . The motor M is connected to a grinding wheel F ₇ , which is in constant contact with the web S.

In the stop position, the control pin T switches the contacts F ₅ and F _{6 of} the front actuating device ACA side by side, and the motors M of the two actuating devices are not supplied.

When the control pin T is actuated (dotted position in the drawing), it switches the grinding wheels F ₄ and F ₆ side by side, and the motor M of the front actuating device ACA is supplied. The motor M of the rear actuating device ACR is also supplied via the line L ₁ . As soon as the projections S ₃ leave the grinding bodies F ₄ , the grinding bodies F ₆ leave the cutouts E ₁ and are in contact with the tracks S, which ensures a direct supply to each motor M, even when the pin T is returned to the stop position has been.

At the end of a rotation of 180 ° of each disk S, the grinding wheel F _{6 is} in the cutout E2, and the projection S ₃ is on the grinding wheel F ₅ , so that each motor M is no longer supplied and each actuating device stops in the correct position.

In the embodiment of FIG. 38, the drive is effected by a pulse contact CI, which acts on the terminals of the motor M of the front actuation device ACA.

In the configurations according to FIGS. 39 and 40, which correspond to FIGS. 37 and 38, the rear actuating device ACR is connected to only three lines. The grinding wheel F ₆ is not connected directly to earth, but to the grinding wheels F ₄ and _F5 via diodes D ₁ and ^D ₂ .

Claims (8)

1. - Electromechanical actuator with half-speed drive by an electric motor, of the type which comprises an electric motor for driving a gear which drives a control pin in a reciprocating manner with every half rotation, characterized in that the said gear (R) with limited angular play is firmly connected to a drive wheel (E) of said pin (T) and this drive wheel (E) comprises a torque spring (Rc) which tends to return the gear (R) and the drive wheel (E) to a certain angular position, the drive wheel (E) also includes a retractable stop element (R ₁ ) in a certain angular position (1) at the end of the work cycle and the tension of the torque spring (Rc) induced by said stop (1), the retraction of said stop element (R ₁ ) and the Stopping in a second specific angular position (2) generated by said retractable stop member. 2. - Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that said drive wheel (E) is equipped with a driver (d) which cooperates with an elongated window (1) of the gear (R). 3.- Actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the driver (d) drives a drive carriage (C) of said control pin (T). 4. - Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said retractable stop member consists of a folded leaf spring (R ₁ ), the curved apex of which slides on an incised sector (C _r1 -C _r2 ) of the drive wheel (E) , wherein said incised sector (C _r1 -C _r2 ) is provided with two successive stop incisions (1, 2). 5. - Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive wheel (E) has a circular contact path which is divided into two sectors (S ₁ , S ₂ ) and depending on the angular position of the drive wheel (E) three grinding wheels for current consumption ( ^F ₁ - ^F ₂ - F ₃ ) cooperate so that one of the grinding wheels (F ₂ ) is in permanent contact with the above-mentioned path and that at least one of the other two grinding wheels (F ₁ - F ₃ ) is in contact with one of the sectors mentioned (S ₁ , S ₂ ). 6. - Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control pin (T) is carried over a carriage (C) and slidably in said carriage (C) with a latching means (Rd) with respect to the pin (T ) and the carriage (C) is mounted, the pin (T) and the carriage (C) each having a distribution contact (C _T -C _C ), each with a supply terminal (A) and one or the other of the the two ^supply contacts (F ₁ -F ₃ ) of the motor (M) interact. 7. - Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive wheel (E) has a circular contact track (S) which has two diametrically opposite cutouts (E ₁ , E2) which cooperate with one to supply the Motors (M) connected grinding bodies (F ₆ ), said web (S) having a projection (S ₃ ) which is offset with respect to the cutouts (E ₁ , E2) mentioned and with two grinding bodies (F ₄ , F ₅ ) cooperates, which are arranged diametrically opposite and each connected to a connecting line (L ₁ , L ₂ ) of the front (ACA) and rear (ACR) actuating device of a central locking system, the control pin (T) depending on its position to the supply connected to the motor (M) connected grinding wheel (F ₆ ) with one or the other of the two other grinding wheels (F ₄ , F ₅ ) side by side. 8. - Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive wheel (E) has a circular contact track (S) with two oppositely arranged cutouts (E ₁ , E2), which with a to the supply of the motor (M ) connected grinding wheel (F ₆ ) cooperate, said track (S) comprising a staggered projection with respect to said cut-outs (E ₁ , E2), which cooperates with two diametrically opposite grinding wheels (F ₄ , F ₅ ) which are each connected to a connecting line (L ₁ , L ₂ ) of the front (ACA) and rear (ACR) actuating devices of a central locking system, an impulse contact (CI) supplying the motor (M) of a front actuating device (ACA) directly enables.

Images