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EP0135882A1 - Procédé pour mettre en oeuvre un réacteur nucléaire - Google Patents

Procédé pour mettre en oeuvre un réacteur nucléaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0135882A1
EP0135882A1 EP84110777A EP84110777A EP0135882A1 EP 0135882 A1 EP0135882 A1 EP 0135882A1 EP 84110777 A EP84110777 A EP 84110777A EP 84110777 A EP84110777 A EP 84110777A EP 0135882 A1 EP0135882 A1 EP 0135882A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
delay line
exhaust gas
moisture adsorber
operating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84110777A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0135882B1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Queiser
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Eckardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kraftwerk Union AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Publication of EP0135882A1 publication Critical patent/EP0135882A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0135882B1 publication Critical patent/EP0135882B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/02—Treating gases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a nuclear reactor with an exhaust gas source, in particular a coolant cleaning system, and an exhaust system connected to this, which comprises at least a compressor, a gas cooler, a reducing valve, a moisture adsorber, a delay line and a chimney connection.
  • a pressurized water reactor which comprises a cooling water purification system with a degassing device.
  • the gases separated from the cooling water are first freed of hydrogen by combustion. You will then be taken to a drying plant where water is precipitated. Afterwards, they are fractionated in a gas separation plant by fractional liquefaction so that the noble gases, in particular krypton and xenon, can be stored in a small storage unit, while the remaining gases are returned to the system if they are not discharged via a chimney connection.
  • the gases are passed over a delay line so that their activity can decay.
  • the delay line is either traversed in a circle or it is upstream of the chimney, as in the book "VGB- Nuclear Power Plant Seminar 1970 "on pages 43, 44 and 45.
  • the invention is based on the object of reducing the outlay caused by the exhaust gas treatment. Surprisingly, this is achieved in that the moisture adsorber and the delay line are operated in parallel in normal operation, the delay line being connected to the chimney connection, while the moisture adsorber is operated in a gas circuit to the compressor, and in the case of increased exhaust gas accumulation, in particular when the coolant is displaced at the start - And shutdown of the reactor, the moisture adsorber and the delay line connected in series and connected via a reducing valve to the chimney connection, which is set to at least twice the pressure as in normal operation.
  • the new process results in a significant reduction in the components required for exhaust gas treatment and a simpler system design without additional equipment.
  • the advantages of the retention behavior, which is more favorable in the case of overpressure, for the short-term operation of large gas accumulations are combined with the predominantly operating phases with low gas accumulation, in which the possibilities of flash drying are used to reduce the effort of the previously usual drying facilities by reducing the operating pressure.
  • the method according to the invention can be advantageous are further developed in that the gas section from the gas cooler to the moisture adsorber, including thermally insulated and / or cooled or heated.
  • FIG. 1 shows the exhaust system of a pressurized water reactor with two operating states represented by different arrows (solid and dashed) in a highly simplified manner.
  • FIG. 2 shows the characteristic exhaust gas generation in Nm3 / h over time, an operating cycle with an operating time of at least 10 months being designated as 100%.
  • the exhaust gas sources are containers 1 and 2 with a liquid with a variable liquid level 4 or 5 and a gas atmosphere 6 or 7 above the liquid level, as well as degassing device 8.
  • the gas atmosphere 6 or 7 and the degassing device 8 contain cracked gases. Therefore, the tops of containers 1, 2 and the degassing device 8 is connected to a discharge line 10. It leads through a recombiner 11 H 2/0. 2 Behind this two compressors 12 and 13 are arranged redundantly. Its pressure side leads to a gas cooler 15 with a liquid outlet 16 which can be controlled by a condensate drain 17.
  • the gas cooler 15 is followed by a reducing valve 20, the actuator 21 of which can be actuated via lines 22.
  • the low-pressure side leads via a line 23 to a changeover valve 24.
  • a first line 26 leads to a further reducing valve 27, which is provided for gas recirculation.
  • Its low pressure outlet is connected via a line 28 to the gas atmospheres 6, 7 of the exhaust gas containers 1, 2.
  • the actuator 30 of the reducing valve 27 can be actuated via control lines 31.
  • the other outlet of the changeover valve 24 is connected via a line 33 to a branch 34, which leads to a moisture adsorber 35 on the one hand and a delay line 36 on the other hand.
  • the moisture adsorber 35 is filled as a container with an adsorbent 37, such as gel or activated carbon. Its outlet 38 leads to the line 26 and thus to the reducing valve 27.
  • the delay line 36 is designed as an activated carbon container which is flowed through from bottom to top.
  • a chimney 42 is connected to the outlet 40 via a reducing valve 41.
  • the actuator 43 of the reducer valve 41 can be actuated via control lines 44.
  • Fig. 1 it is also emphasized that the lines between the gas cooler 15 and the changeover valve 24 as well as its line branch 26 and the line 38 from the outlet of the adsorber 35 are provided with an insulation 46, which is also a cooling option, for example with cooling water, encloses.
  • the adsorber 35 can carry a cooling jacket 47, for example in the form of Pelltier elements, the circuit of which has the connecting terminals 48.
  • a pipe area heater 49 is connected upstream of the moisture adsorber 35 to improve regeneration. It detects the tube area between the top of the moisture adsorber 35 and the branch 34
  • the amount of exhaust gas in the pressurized water reactor is very different, as shown in FIG. 2. Over more than 95% of the operating time, there is only a slight drop of less than 0.5 Nm 3 / h on average, as indicated in FIG. 2 in the areas 50, 51, 52, 53 and 54. In the time segments indicated at 55, 56, 57 and 58, the amount of exhaust gas is practically zero. Only in the remaining 5% of the operating time does an increased amount of exhaust gas occur, which, however, is 100 times higher for several hours. In FIG. 2, this is indicated by the area 60 for the case of start-up and the associated expansion of the cooling water during heating, which reduce the gas atmosphere volumes 6, 7 in the exhaust gas sources 1 and 2.
  • flushing of the exhaust gas sources is shown, for example, in front of a container opening.
  • the area 63 also includes the lowering of the fill level in the reactor pressure vessel a possible flush at the end of the operating cycle, ie before opening the reactor pressure vessel.
  • the gas which has cooled slightly due to expansion and gas cooling, is then warmed to room temperature by appropriately guiding the pipeline through the ambient air or other auxiliary devices.
  • the exhaust gas in the branch 34 is divided into two gas flows. Only the excess exhaust gas (for example ⁇ . 0.5 Nm 3 / h) is passed over the delay line 36, the rest is returned via the moisture adsorber 35 to the compressor suction side for the purpose of regeneration.
  • the gas adsorption that takes place in the delay line 36 at a reduced operating pressure brings the required Ver in spite of the lower adsorption effect due to the low amount of exhaust gas, for example in the first quarter of the adsorber delay time, so that the remaining part is available for other operating cases.
  • the delay section 36 is operated under increased operating pressure.
  • the amount of exhaust gas now exceeds the aforementioned continuous amount of exhaust gas for several hours, e.g. 100 times.
  • the increase in operating pressure significantly improves the effective retention capacity of the delay line 36, in addition to the additional gas storage due to the pressure increase, due to the gas compression.
  • the exhaust gas dehumidification is carried out here by means of the moisture adsorber 35 connected upstream in this operating case of the delay line by switching over the valve 24.
  • Delay section 36 is now used under optimal conditions.
  • the amount of exhaust gas produced drops again to values, for example ⁇ 0.5 Nm 3 / h.
  • the increased operating pressure is maintained for a short time so that the noble gas isotopes with relevant activity, which are already shortly before they leave the delay line 36, are sufficiently delayed (e.g. Kr 85 m at 5-10 HWZ d 21.5 - 43 h).
  • Conservative then follows e.g. 40 h the slow lowering of the operating pressure by increasing the delivery quantity to a fixed value to the design value, so that e.g. results in a corresponding reduction in operating pressure over approx. 10 h.
  • the changeover of the moisture adsorber 35 previously working as a gas dryer for the purpose of regeneration takes place as soon as the reduced operating pressure is reached.
  • the heater 49 can then be switched on and the cooling of the insulation 46 in the area of the line 38 can be set.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
EP84110777A 1983-09-24 1984-09-10 Procédé pour mettre en oeuvre un réacteur nucléaire Expired EP0135882B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833334629 DE3334629A1 (de) 1983-09-24 1983-09-24 Verfahren zum betreiben eines kernreaktors
DE3334629 1983-09-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0135882A1 true EP0135882A1 (fr) 1985-04-03
EP0135882B1 EP0135882B1 (fr) 1987-04-01

Family

ID=6209974

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110777A Expired EP0135882B1 (fr) 1983-09-24 1984-09-10 Procédé pour mettre en oeuvre un réacteur nucléaire

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4671925A (fr)
EP (1) EP0135882B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6093395A (fr)
DE (2) DE3334629A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109166641A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-08 岭东核电有限公司 一种铅铋堆中低水平放射性废气处理系统
CN112145966A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-29 岭东核电有限公司 除气器启动控制方法、装置、设备和核电厂用除气系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2562087B2 (ja) * 1991-05-14 1996-12-11 小熊機械株式会社 一斉開放弁
US5765291A (en) * 1995-12-14 1998-06-16 Wabco Gmbh Compressed-gas system with a gas drier
DE10152359A1 (de) * 2001-10-24 2003-05-08 Linde Ag Molsiebstation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3080307A (en) * 1957-10-21 1963-03-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Radioactive fluid handling system
FR2224841A1 (fr) * 1973-04-04 1974-10-31 Licentia Gmbh
FR2238997A1 (en) * 1973-07-26 1975-02-21 Kraftwerk Union Ag Reactor plant contaminated exhaust gas ring main - with controlled clean gas release to atmosphere
US4314828A (en) * 1979-02-14 1982-02-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and system for regenerating dehumidifier for use in charcoal adsorber

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE576980A (fr) * 1958-03-31 1900-01-01
DE1185736B (de) * 1958-12-02 1965-01-21 Linde Eismasch Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutze von Gasreinigungsanlagen in Atomreaktoranlagen
US3404067A (en) * 1965-02-12 1968-10-01 Air Reduction Process for removing radioactive materials from the environment of an atomic reactor
DE2133250C3 (de) * 1971-07-05 1980-11-20 Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muehlheim Vorrichtung zu adsorptiven Verzögerung von radioaktiven Gasen in einem Abgasstrom
DE2302905C2 (de) * 1973-01-22 1982-10-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von Gasgemischen aus Druckwasserreaktoren
DE2312228A1 (de) * 1973-03-12 1974-09-26 Siemens Ag Druckwasserreaktor
DE2611833C2 (de) * 1976-03-19 1985-12-05 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren zur Abtrennung von radioaktivem Krypton und Xenon aus Abgasen aus Kernbrennstoff-Wiederaufbereitungsanlagen oder Kernreaktoren
JPS5368681A (en) * 1976-12-01 1978-06-19 Hitachi Ltd Regenerating method for dehumidification tower by decompression
JPS5465291A (en) * 1977-11-04 1979-05-25 Toshiba Corp Cooling and flotage removing apparatus for atmosphere in reactor container
US4430293A (en) * 1981-09-10 1984-02-07 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Containment hydrogen removal system for a nuclear power plant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3080307A (en) * 1957-10-21 1963-03-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Radioactive fluid handling system
FR2224841A1 (fr) * 1973-04-04 1974-10-31 Licentia Gmbh
FR2238997A1 (en) * 1973-07-26 1975-02-21 Kraftwerk Union Ag Reactor plant contaminated exhaust gas ring main - with controlled clean gas release to atmosphere
US4314828A (en) * 1979-02-14 1982-02-09 Hitachi, Ltd. Method and system for regenerating dehumidifier for use in charcoal adsorber

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109166641A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-08 岭东核电有限公司 一种铅铋堆中低水平放射性废气处理系统
CN109166641B (zh) * 2018-09-30 2020-09-18 岭东核电有限公司 一种铅铋堆中低水平放射性废气处理系统
CN112145966A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-29 岭东核电有限公司 除气器启动控制方法、装置、设备和核电厂用除气系统
CN112145966B (zh) * 2020-08-28 2022-05-27 岭东核电有限公司 除气器启动控制方法、装置、设备和核电厂用除气系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4671925A (en) 1987-06-09
DE3334629A1 (de) 1985-04-04
EP0135882B1 (fr) 1987-04-01
DE3462963D1 (en) 1987-05-07
JPS6093395A (ja) 1985-05-25

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