EA039137B1 - Method for construction of composite frames without collar beams for buildings with kinematic foundations - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of construction of composite frames without collar beams for buildings with kinematic foundations comprises monolithic or prefabricated support structures made of cylindrical tanks with spherical, convex lower parts, which provides a hinged connection of the frame with a kinematic foundation, and the use of a number of technologies, including the use of patents for inventions RK Nos. 30393, 32274, 31353, 31277, 32706 provide smooth seismic isolation of a building in case of any earthquakes; complete industrialization of construction; factory manufacturing of prefabricated structures without collar beams; 5-6 times reduction of the period of building frame construction; reduction in construction costs at least by 40% or more; reduction of the design-basis earthquake from magnitude of 9-10 to 4-5; significant private and public funds saving during eliminating the consequences of earthquakes and ensuring the life and health of the population.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, in particular to prefabricated frameless buildings and buildings on kinematic foundations.

From the prior art, a structural system of a crossbarless prefabricated reinforced concrete frame KUB-2.5 is a spatial structure, such as a whatnot, prefabricated, prefabricated-monolithic, or monolithic execution. Columns serve as a frame, floor slabs serve as crossbars, either ties or diaphragms are used for stiffening elements. The disadvantage of the KUB-2.5 system is the impossibility of installing the above-column slab in a strictly design position. In this connection, in the conditions of a construction site, it is necessary to climb onto the panel and from above, by eye, center the opening of the above-column slab relative to the column, which causes inconvenience and complexity in the installation process of structures. The disadvantage is the complexity of the column-slab joints, since it is known that welding has a number of disadvantages, as well as the high labor intensity and complexity of the KUB-2.5 installation, which requires high quality work. An additional disadvantage is the lack of seismic isolation.

Also known is the KUB-3V system, which is a prototype, which uses the main design solutions for the system of joints of floor panels with a column, a panel and floor connection with columns. The prefabricated monolithic reinforced concrete frame of buildings of the KUB-3V series consists of vertical reinforced concrete columns and flat disks of interfloor and attic floors and roofs rigidly coupled to them. The disadvantage is the violation of the current standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the insufficient rigidity of the junctions of columns with ceilings, created by welding through the connecting element, followed by embedding with fine-grained concrete, which can easily collapse under seismic and other impacts of an emergency nature, the disadvantage is the need to install a special conductor and a support table for installation slabs in the design position [www.kub3v.ru, patent holder SISTEMA STROY LLC, patents No. 100782, 102020, 101065, 102652].

A significant disadvantage is the lack of seismic isolation. Also known device monolithic or prefabricated grillage required by paragraph 4.15 RDS RK 2.03-06-2002 on the design of buildings using seismic isolation foundations KF. The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is achieved due to:

full industrialization of construction, reducing the construction time of the building frame by 5-6 times, reducing the cost of construction, and overhead costs from 36% to 40% or more, depending on the seismicity of the area, reducing the estimated seismicity of the building from 7-9 points to 4-6, use of patents for inventions and related technologies, such as:

1) No. 30393 RK Non-attic, two-layer, ventilated roof, awarded a diploma for contribution to the innovative development of Kazakhstan, allows to reduce construction time and cost at least 10 million tenge for each house;

2) No. 31277 RK Butt connection of prefabricated columns, eliminates welding work and their laboratory control during the installation of columns. This is achieved by the fact that the butt connection of prefabricated columns is performed by a CH_50/80 or CH_90/80 swaging press from Sprut (www.sprut.com e-mail: sprut@aviel.ru. 140184, Russia, Moscow region, Zhukovsky, PO box 307) for joining the longitudinal reinforcement of columns using couplings of the appropriate diameter;

3) No. 31394 RK Earthquake-resistant, wall-mounted, hollow-core panel that provides high practicality, financial savings, building weight reduction and quick installation of wall panels. This is achieved by the fact that the round-hollow panel with a cross section of 90 to 250 mm is made of vermiculite-concrete mixture or light nanomodified concrete with the addition of SSHD, which is a fireproof material and can withstand temperatures up to 1100°. The use of vermiculite-concrete mixture or lightweight nano-modified concrete with the addition of SSHD instead of expanded clay concrete in round-hollow wall panels reduces the weight of the panels by 3-4 times, which makes it possible to reduce the own weight of the building;

4) No. 31353 RK Seismic isolation, kinematic foundations designed for the construction of multi-storey buildings up to 16 floors inclusive in systems of prefabricated frameless frames, with the installation of underground car parks, which achieves complete seismic isolation of buildings, is an urgent task for seismically hazardous areas of all countries. Seismic isolation of buildings, respectively, the absence of seismic loads, with an arbitrarily high seismicity of the construction area, leads to a decrease in the reinforcement of building structures, a decrease in the cross section of metal vertical ties that act as stiffness diaphragms, which are calculated only for wind load, which is incomparably lower than seismic;

5) No. 32274 RK Prefabricated girderless structure SBK 2 in 1 hereinafter SBK 2 in 1..., greatly simplifies the installation process and reduces installation time by combining two, three or four above-column floor slabs with a column. The coupling of the column with the floor slabs is carried out at the factory and does not require special conductors and support tables to install the slabs in the design position;

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6) applications for invention No. 2016/0572.1 dated 07/02/2016 Prefabricated/three-layer floor slab, in the slab structures of which there are reinforcing protrusions, based during installation on the reinforcement protrusions of the SBK 2-in-1 above-column slabs, which eliminates the need to install supports under the annular and central floor slabs. Designs:

seismic isolating, kinematic foundations, according to the patent No. 31353 of the Republic of Kazakhstan, prefabricated, transomless, SBC design 2 in 1, according to the patent No. 32274 of the Republic of Kazakhstan, prefabricated, three-layer floor slabs, according to application No. 2016/0572.1 dated 06.12.15, seismic-resistant, wall, round-hollow panel No. 31394 RK, can be made light through the use of lightweight concrete with a density not exceeding 1600 kg / m ³ with the addition of nanocomposite powders SSHD (Dry Construction Ready Mixes), fillers from silica fume, fly ash, expanded polystyrene concrete and vermiculite concrete with a volume weight of up to 600 kg / m ³ , and through the use of the patent for the invention: Butt connection of prefabricated columns No. 31277 RK.

The combined use of structures and the method according to the above patents makes it possible to use the technology by the method of construction according to the system of prefabricated frameless buildings with kinematic foundations.

Reducing the weight of structures leads to a reduction in the weight of the building and seismic loads, to a decrease in the reinforcement of columns by almost 2 times, a decrease in the cross section of metal vertical ties that act as stiffening diaphragms, eliminates violations of the requirements of the RK standards inherent in the KUB-2.5 and KUB-3V without girder systems such as :

a) the requirement of paragraph 3.4, paragraph 6. SNiP RK 2.03-30-2006 Construction in seismic areas that, when designing, joints between bearing elements should be located outside the maximum effort zone, that is, outside the slab-to-column connection zone;

b) the requirement of paragraph 7.47 of SNiP RK 2.03-30-2006 that the joints of the longitudinal reinforcement of vertical frames should be made at a height of at least 500 mm from the floor slab.

The technical result is a technology method for the construction of prefabricated frameless buildings with kinematic foundations, made in the following order.

1) In FIG. 1 shows a pre-prepared compacted base, into which, according to pre-verified markings, four temporary metal plates 1 are hammered, which serve as guides for installing the supporting foundation 2 in the design position, concrete preparation 3 is poured from lean concrete, after three days, prefabricated supporting foundations 2 are installed, with using mounting loops 4 with the existing outlets of reinforcement 5, with embedded part 6. After the installation of prefabricated foundations 2, metal plates 1 are removed for reuse.

2) In FIG. 2 shows an embedded part 6, made with outlets 7 and a hole 8 in the center, with a diameter of not more than 30 mm, through which a hole 9 is drilled (section A-A Fig. 1) in the center of the supporting foundation 2 with a diameter of 10 to 20 mm to a depth of 70 mm, with alignment with geodetic instruments on the ground.

3) Kinematic foundations KF 10 with embedded parts 11, 12 and 13, with screwed screws 14, shown in Fig. 3. When installing the kinematic foundations KF 10, the screws 14 are unscrewed by no more than 60 mm from the embedded parts 13 and serve to force the installation of the kinematic foundations KF 10 on the supporting foundations in the design position 2. The kinematic foundations KF 10 are aligned vertically, outlets 5 foundations 2 are temporarily welded to embedded parts 11 of KF 10 kinematic foundations.

4) On the kinematic foundations KF 10 are installed and aligned vertically with the help of clamps 15 of the design SBK 2 in 1 16. In Fig. 4 Node A shows a temporary connection of SBK 2 in 1 16 structures with KF 10 kinematic foundations, made by welding with individual rods 17 to embedded parts 12 of KF 10 kinematic foundations and to embedded parts 18 of SBK 2 in 1 16 structures, after welding of the rods 17 of the clamp 15 are removed.

5) In FIG. 5 shows the nodes B and C of the connection of the outlets 19 of the plates 21. Before installing the subsequent plates 21, separate rods 20 are installed on the outlets 19 of the previously installed SBC structures 2 in 1 16 and are fixed by welding, after the plates are installed, the rods 22 are installed. After the plates 21 and rods 22 are concreted joints 26.

6) In FIG. 6 shows a diagram of the installation of floor slabs, which is performed in the following order:

a) intercolumn plates 21 are installed on outlets 19 of above-column plates of SBK structures 2 in 1 16, outlets 19 are welded to each other at the upper level,

b) central plates 23 are installed on outlets 19 of intercolumn plates 21, outlets 19 are welded in the upper level of plates 21 and 23,

c) the central plates 24 are installed on the outlets 19 of the previously installed plates 21 and 23, and on the short side they are welded in the upper level of the plates, also on the long side adjacent to the intercolumn plate 21, and on the long side of the central plates 23 adjacent to the central

- 2 039137 plates 24, outlets 19 are welded in the lower level of the plates,

d) cantilever plates 25, welded to the outlets 19 of intercolumn plates 21 at the upper level, under the outer edge of which supporting clamps 15 are installed,

e) after welding outlets 19 to each other, installation of fittings 22 proceed to the installation of floor slabs of the next floors of the first tier,

e) connection nodes 26 of FIG. 5 are poured with fine-grained concrete of a class not lower than B-4G with surface vibration.

7) Next, proceed to the installation of structures SBC 2 in 1 16 of the second tier. After alignment to a vertical position with clamps 15, the joints of the SBC structures 2 in 1 16 are crimped by a press in accordance with the patent for invention No. 31277 Butt connection of prefabricated columns. After the compression by the press, the clamps 15 are removed. Then you can proceed with the installation of floor slabs 21, 23, 24, and 25 of the next tier until the final installation of the structures of all tiers of the multi-storey building frame.

8) After 7 days after concreting the slab joints, the wall panels of the first and subsequent floors are installed.

9) After 10 days after the concreting of the units 26, all clamps 15 of the first tier are removed, individual rods 17 are cut off by gas welding, the outlets of the reinforcement 5 are also cut off and restored to the vertical (design) position after the installation of the formwork for the sides 27 (shown in dotted line) Fig. 1, poured with B-20 class concrete. The gap between the side 27 and the upper level of the heel of the kinematic foundation 10 is covered with galvanized corrugated board 28 in order to exclude foreign objects under the KF 10 kinematic foundations.

10) The walls of the basement are concreted, leaving a gap between the slab and the upper level of the basement walls of 35 cm, then a number of gas blocks are laid at a height of 30 cm, the remaining gap of 5 cm is closed with a porous-insulating bundle, providing a seismic gap of 50 mm, for unhindered horizontal mixing of the building frame up to 500 mm.

11) Embedded parts 6 and 13 are made with an anti-corrosion coating in order to ensure long-term operation of the structures of the kinematic 10 and supporting 2 foundations.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention is:

consortium agreement dated October 12, 2016, signed by three participants, LLP SSK-Project Shymkent, LLP A.R.T.-Kurylys and JSC KazNIISA Almaty, the author of regulatory documents for construction in seismic areas.

Declarations of the participants, signed and confirming the acceptance of obligations for the implementation of the TsTP (Targeted Technology Program) for the Working Designs of prefabricated frameless frame systems for a 2-story residential building with kinematic foundations (KF) and a 9-story 64-apartment residential building in prefabricated structures in the new ADC g Shymkent.

Expert assessment of JSC KazNIISA for No. 14-17/1420 dated 09/22/2016 on a new structural system of a prefabricated frameless frame of a 9-storey residential building.

Claims (1)

A method for constructing prefabricated frameless buildings with kinematic foundations, on top of which a monolithic or prefabricated grillage is arranged, monolithic or prefabricated supporting structures made of cylindrical or rectangular containers concreted with at least B-25 class concrete, with spherical convex lower parts with cylindrical recesses along centers, characterized in that columns of various sections, such as square, rectangular, round, including figured ones with corner, tee or cruciform cross sections, end with support structures (18) and rest on kinematic foundations (10), are welded together in design vertical position by connecting reinforcing bars (17) to the embedded parts of the supporting structure (18), while these reinforcing bars (17) are cut 7 days after the installation of the slabs (21, 24, 25 and 26) and the concreting of the joints (27), moreover, the outlets (20) of the intercolumn plates (21) are laid on reinforcing bars (22) installed on outlets (20) of previously mounted above-column slabs of SBK 2 structures in 1 (16), while these outlets (20) are welded together at its upper or lower level, followed by concreting of joints (27) simultaneously on two or three floors of the same tier of the building.