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DK2751307T3 - Energiforsyningsanlæg, navnlig til området inden for husteknik. - Google Patents

Energiforsyningsanlæg, navnlig til området inden for husteknik. Download PDF

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Publication number
DK2751307T3
DK2751307T3 DK12726588.2T DK12726588T DK2751307T3 DK 2751307 T3 DK2751307 T3 DK 2751307T3 DK 12726588 T DK12726588 T DK 12726588T DK 2751307 T3 DK2751307 T3 DK 2751307T3
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DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
heat
power
carbon dioxide
storage
energy supply
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DK12726588.2T
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English (en)
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Karl-Hermann Busse
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Karl-Hermann Busse
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
    • C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
    • C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C53/00—Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen
    • C07C53/02—Formic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
    • H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
    • H01M8/1013—Other direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Selvforsynende, decentralt energiforsyningsanlæg til området inden for husteknik med en alene til energiforsyningsanlægget allokeret lokal elenergiforsyning (1), hvortil der er allokeret et elektrisk korttidslager (4) som bufferlager, med i det mindste en elektrolysør (5) til frembringelse af hydrogen og oxygen, i det mindste en kemisk reaktor (7, 20, 21) til den katalytiske omsætning af carbondioxid og det ved hjælp af elektrolyse frembragte hydrogen til methan, methanol eller methansyre som hver især en langtidslag-ringsmulig kemisk forbindelse med høj energitæthed, idet der er tilvejebragt en varmeveksler (13) til udnyttelse af den exoterme procesenergi ved methaniseringen og ved fremstillingen af methanol, i det mindste en tank (10, 17) til midlertidig lagring af carbondioxid og den kemiske forbindelse samt med i det mindste en omskifter (9), der af den kemiske forbindelse frembringer varme og/eller strøm, og med i det mindste en gasseparator, som af udstødningsgasserne fra den i det mindste ene omskifter (9) udskiller carbondioxid, idet den i det mindste ene gasseparator er forbundet med den lokale tank (10) via en ledning, og idet varme- og strømforbrugere i husteknikken er koblet sammen med energiforsyningsanlægget.
2. Energiforsyningsanlæg ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at der parallelt til den lokale elenergiforsyning (1) er koblet en elnettilslutning (2), og/eller parallelt til tanken (17) er koblet en naturgasnettilslutning.
3. Energiforsyningsanlæg ifølge krav 1 eller 2, kendetegnet ved, at den til langtidslagring frembragte methan er tilsat mindre end 50 % volumenprocent hydrogen.
4. Energiforsyningsanlæg ifølge et af kravene 1 til 3, kendetegnet ved, at reaktoren (7) til methaniseringen er konstrueret som et- eller flertrinnet også mi-krostruktureret såkaldt vægreaktor.
5. Energiforsyningsanlæg ifølge et af kravene 1 til 4, kendetegnet ved, at der som omskifter (9) til varme- og/eller strømfrembringelsen er tilvejebragt separatorer (8,11,12) til gasudskillelse, lavtemperatur- og/eller højtemperatur-brændselsceller, også myresyrebrændelsceller, katalytiske brændere, anlæg til opvarmning ved hjælp af gas og/eller elektrisk strøm, varmepumper, anlæg til strømfrembringelse, såsom forbrændingsmotorer, generatorer, mikroturbiner samt anlæg til kraftvarmekobling (KW), ventilations- og klimaanlæg enkeltvis eller i vilkårlig kombination.
6. Fremgangsmåde til drift af et selvforsynende, decentralt energiforsyningsanlæg til området inden for husteknik ifølge et af kravene 1 til 5, kendetegnet ved, at det til fremstillingen af methan, methanol eller methansyre, hvilket hver især giver en langtidslagringsmulig kemisk forbindelse med høj energitæthed, påkrævede carbondioxid fra forbrændings- og nedbrydningsprocesserne udskilles, genindvindes og genanvendes i en omskifter (9) til varme- og/eller strømfrembringelse, og den i kredsløbet manglende del af carbondioxidet frembringes ved hjælp af separation af carbondioxidet fra luften og/eller fra forbrændingsprocesser for methan, naturgas, methanol eller methansyre.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 6, kendetegnet ved, at separationen (11, 12) af C02 sker fysisk med membranfiltre og/eller i kombination med trykpåvirkning og en gaskøling til gasudskillelse.
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 6 eller 7, kendetegnet ved, at varme- og strømfrembringelsen sker ved hjælp af i det mindste en højtemperaturbrændselscelle (f.eks. SOFC, MCFC) eller katalytiske brændere, og den til den kemiske omsætning af hydrogenet påkrævede C02 samtidig frembringes ved hjælp af reformering af den kemiske forbindelse.
9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 8, kendetegnet ved, at den ved varme- eller strømfrembringelsen opståede udstødningsgas efter en yderligere forrensning genanvendes i reaktorerne (7, 20, 21) i givet fald efter en midlertidig lagring.
10. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 9, kendetegnet ved, at det ved hjælp af elektrolysøren (5) frembragte hydrogen og oxygen anvendes til varme- og/eller strømfrembringelse alene eller i form af tilsætninger til den kemiske forbindelse.
11. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 10, kendetegnet ved, at homogene og/eller heterogene katalysatorer på basis af metaller fra den 6. til den 12. gruppe, navnlig den 4. til og med den 6. periode i det periodiske system og fortrinsvis ruthenium, sølv, palladium og jern samt disses kompleksforbindelser, tjener til hydrering og dehydrering af myresyre.
12. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 11, kendetegnet ved, at den elektriske tilslutningsledning til elektrolysøren (5) er på 1 til 500 kW.
13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 12, kendetegnet ved, at tankens (17) lagerkapacitet i alt ligger mellem 5 til 35 % af det årlige energiforbrug i energiforsyningsanlægget.
14. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et af kravene 6 til 13, kendetegnet ved, at der sker en fjernforespørgsel og en fjernstyring af i det mindste et energiforsyningsanlæg via et styre- og reguleringssystem (19), idet en optimering og en afstemning af lagerkapaciteter samt af lokale og eksterne energifrembringelseskapaciteter samt også en sammenkobling af flere energiforsyningsanlæg til et (virtuelt) storlager giver mulighed for en økonomisk forbedret udnyttelse.
DK12726588.2T 2011-08-29 2012-06-08 Energiforsyningsanlæg, navnlig til området inden for husteknik. DK2751307T3 (da)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011111383 2011-08-29
PCT/EP2012/002429 WO2013029701A1 (de) 2011-08-29 2012-06-08 Energieversorgungsanlage, insbesondere für den bereich der haustechnik

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DK2751307T3 true DK2751307T3 (da) 2015-12-07

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EP (1) EP2751307B1 (da)
CN (1) CN103890236B (da)
DK (1) DK2751307T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2553082T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2013029701A1 (da)

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