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DE69506747D1 - Herstellung von Olefinen - Google Patents

Herstellung von Olefinen

Info

Publication number
DE69506747D1
DE69506747D1 DE69506747T DE69506747T DE69506747D1 DE 69506747 D1 DE69506747 D1 DE 69506747D1 DE 69506747 T DE69506747 T DE 69506747T DE 69506747 T DE69506747 T DE 69506747T DE 69506747 D1 DE69506747 D1 DE 69506747D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
aqueous
olefins
manufacture
precipitate
inhibit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE69506747T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE69506747T2 (de
Inventor
Mark E Lashier
Jeffrey W Freeman
Ronald L Knudsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phillips Petroleum Co
Original Assignee
Phillips Petroleum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phillips Petroleum Co filed Critical Phillips Petroleum Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE69506747D1 publication Critical patent/DE69506747D1/de
Publication of DE69506747T2 publication Critical patent/DE69506747T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
    • C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/122—Metal aryl or alkyl compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
    • B01J31/143—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22—Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22—Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • B01J31/2234—Beta-dicarbonyl ligands, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
    • B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
    • C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
    • C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
    • C07C2/26—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds
    • C07C2/30—Catalytic processes with hydrides or organic compounds containing metal-to-carbon bond; Metal hydrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/005—Processes comprising at least two steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/14833—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds
    • C07C7/1485—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds oxides; hydroxides; salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/17—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with acids or sulfur oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/17—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with acids or sulfur oxides
    • C07C7/171—Sulfuric acid or oleum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/20—Olefin oligomerisation or telomerisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/60—Complexes comprising metals of Group VI (VIA or VIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/62—Chromium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
    • B01J31/0244—Nitrogen containing compounds with nitrogen contained as ring member in aromatic compounds or moieties, e.g. pyridine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22—Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
    • B01J31/34—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
    • C07C2531/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
DE69506747T 1994-02-18 1995-02-17 Herstellung von Olefinen Expired - Lifetime DE69506747T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US19986194A 1994-02-18 1994-02-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE69506747D1 true DE69506747D1 (de) 1999-02-04
DE69506747T2 DE69506747T2 (de) 1999-05-20

Family

ID=22739331

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE69506747T Expired - Lifetime DE69506747T2 (de) 1994-02-18 1995-02-17 Herstellung von Olefinen

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US5689028A (de)
EP (1) EP0668106B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3184724B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100306559B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1090535C (de)
AT (1) ATE174890T1 (de)
AU (1) AU664811B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9405298A (de)
CA (1) CA2134503C (de)
DE (1) DE69506747T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0668106T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2125500T3 (de)
HU (1) HU219364B (de)
NO (1) NO306603B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2131405C1 (de)
SG (1) SG46243A1 (de)
TW (1) TW303369B (de)
ZA (1) ZA949493B (de)

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US20050187098A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Knudsen Ronald D. Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst
US20070043181A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Knudsen Ronald D Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst
US9550841B2 (en) 2004-02-20 2017-01-24 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Methods of preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst
US7476775B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2009-01-13 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Method and system for separating an oligomerization reactor effluent
US7414006B2 (en) 2005-03-09 2008-08-19 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Methods for oligomerizing olefins
JP4991691B2 (ja) 2005-03-09 2012-08-01 エクソンモービル・ケミカル・パテンツ・インク オレフィンのオリゴマー化
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US7858833B2 (en) 2006-02-03 2010-12-28 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Process for generating linear alpha olefin comonomers
US7687672B2 (en) 2006-02-03 2010-03-30 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. In-line process for generating comonomer
CN101547941B (zh) * 2006-12-28 2011-12-28 三菱化学株式会社 α-烯烃低聚物的制造方法
JP2007314561A (ja) * 2007-07-24 2007-12-06 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp α−オレフイン低重合体の製造方法
US7902415B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-03-08 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Processes for dimerizing or isomerizing olefins
CA2639882C (en) * 2008-09-29 2016-07-12 Nova Chemicals Corporation Tetramerization
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US8471085B2 (en) * 2008-10-31 2013-06-25 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Oligomerization catalyst system and process for oligomerizing olefins
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US20120142988A1 (en) * 2009-08-05 2012-06-07 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Method of producing 1-hexene
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US8658750B2 (en) 2010-03-09 2014-02-25 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. System and method for selective trimerization
BR112013014700A2 (pt) 2010-12-14 2016-10-04 Sasol Tech Pty Ltd limpeza do equipamento de processo
RU2471762C1 (ru) * 2011-06-22 2013-01-10 Открытое акционерное общество "СИБУР Холдинг" (ОАО "СИБУР Холдинг") Способ выделения продуктов олигомеризации олефинов и разложения остатков катализатора олигомеризации
US9956548B2 (en) 2011-12-12 2018-05-01 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Preparation of an olefin oligomerization catalyst
US8957235B2 (en) 2011-12-12 2015-02-17 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Preparation of transition metal carboxylates
US9586872B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2017-03-07 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Olefin oligomerization methods
US8524972B1 (en) 2012-04-18 2013-09-03 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Low temperature steam stripping for byproduct polymer and solvent recovery from an ethylene oligomerization process
US9175109B1 (en) 2014-05-20 2015-11-03 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Oligomerization processes and polymer compositions produced therefrom
CN107207382B (zh) 2014-12-23 2021-06-18 公共型股份公司希布尔控股 在烯烃低聚反应中使聚合物和减活的有机金属催化剂沉淀的方法
US9505675B2 (en) 2015-02-09 2016-11-29 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Deactivation of a process by-product
WO2017010998A1 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-01-19 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Olefin compositions
US9732300B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2017-08-15 Chevron Phillipa Chemical Company LP Liquid propylene oligomers and methods of making same
ES2987757T3 (es) * 2015-09-16 2024-11-18 Sabic Global Technologies Bv Procedimiento para la desactivación de un catalizador de oligomerización de olefinas
US10519077B2 (en) 2015-09-18 2019-12-31 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Ethylene oligomerization/trimerization/tetramerization reactor
US10513473B2 (en) 2015-09-18 2019-12-24 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Ethylene oligomerization/trimerization/tetramerization reactor
US11878952B1 (en) 2022-11-14 2024-01-23 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Oligomerization catalyst system deactivation and related ethylene oligomerization processes
US20250074844A1 (en) 2023-08-28 2025-03-06 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Polyalphaolefins made from dimer olefins obtained from branched c10 monoolefins using solid acid catalyst
US20250075015A1 (en) 2023-08-28 2025-03-06 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp Polyalphaolefins made from dimer olefins obtained from branched c10 monoolefins using alkyl aluminum catalyst

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9405298A (pt) 1996-12-24
SG46243A1 (en) 1998-02-20
RU95102330A (ru) 1997-01-10
EP0668106A3 (de) 1996-01-31
DE69506747T2 (de) 1999-05-20
ZA949493B (en) 1995-08-14
EP0668106A2 (de) 1995-08-23
JP3184724B2 (ja) 2001-07-09
TW303369B (de) 1997-04-21
AU664811B2 (en) 1995-11-30
KR100306559B1 (ko) 2001-12-01
HU9500484D0 (en) 1995-04-28
NO306603B1 (no) 1999-11-29
EP0668106B1 (de) 1998-12-23
CN1107132A (zh) 1995-08-23
CA2134503C (en) 2001-04-10
CN1090535C (zh) 2002-09-11
RU2131405C1 (ru) 1999-06-10
ATE174890T1 (de) 1999-01-15
HUT71640A (en) 1996-01-29
NO950613D0 (no) 1995-02-17
HU219364B (en) 2001-03-28
AU8026194A (en) 1995-08-31
JPH07242701A (ja) 1995-09-19
NO950613L (no) 1995-08-21
CA2134503A1 (en) 1995-08-19
ES2125500T3 (es) 1999-03-01
US5689028A (en) 1997-11-18
DK0668106T3 (da) 1999-08-23
KR950025014A (ko) 1995-09-15

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