DE3305448A1 - Process for the production of a construction element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the production of a construction element, in particular an exhaust valve for internal combustion engines, which must meet extremely high or widely varying mechanical and/or thermal and/or chemical requirements, in which the construction element consists of at least two parts, the two parts being formed by different metals or metal alloys and these individual parts being prefabricated and the two parts being mated or adapted to one another.

Description

My files: P 1 * 173

Applicant: Gesenkschmiede Schneider GmbH

Ulmer Strasse 112
7080 Aalen / Württ.

"Method of Manufacture of a Structural Element .." The present invention relates to manufacture a construction element according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are construction elements known to the high mechanical requirements are made and, moreover, also in use at high temperatures Have to work safely, other elements in turn, in addition to the mechanical strength, a high one Must have corrosion resistance because they

exposed to strong chemical influences. are. Other elements, in addition to high mechanical Strength also be resistant to high thermal and chemical attack loads.

To a valve, in particular an exhaust valve for internal combustion engines, high demands are made in terms of the mechanical strength ·· - guide and plunger strokes on the valve stem, as well as knock down of the valve disk on the valve seat - ·, moreover, the thermal load is an exhaust valve very high , because after the gas explosion in the cylinder, very hot gases flow around the valve disk and the valve stem as they exit. In particular, the exhaust valves are exposed to the high stress caused by chemical corrosion in conjunction with the high temperature influence - hot corrosion - _.

In other words, in the case of an exhaust valve, there is good heat conduction on the one hand and for one to ensure good corrosion resistance, especially in the area of the actual valve head.

Valves, in particular exhaust valves, are known which are made from two different materials are, for example, where the plate itself and part of the valve stem are made of high quality Material, for example Nimonic material, and which are welded together with the rest Part of the valve stem. These known designs have the major disadvantage that they in addition to a high mechanical costs due to the use of materials in the welding zone between the two materials There are moments of uncertainty due to technically not feasible optimal heat treatment. Furthermore, are'Ventile, especially exhaust valves are known that are hollow on the inside and with a \ ...... - »special coolant are filled. These works

then according to the well-known shaker method. Furthermore is known, voids in an exhaust valve directly or '·. indirectly via feed and discharge devices with a To charge coolant. ··

These known designs have, in addition to the disadvantages of higher manufacturing and also higher cost of the disadvantage that the heat transfer between metal and gas or liquid special coolants ¹ ^ is too low, in particular but also that no uniform heat transfer, and hence uniform cooling ensures will.

The present invention has the task of, ¹ ^ .zu.entwickeln a Pertigungsverfahren, .is ensured in which at least two through intimate bonding metals or metal alloys, so that the. Transition zone a direct, immediate and highly effective heat transfer, as well as high mechanical strength

has values, the manufacturing costs are kept low, and the structural element in this Manufacturing process ensures safe and permanent operation,

This is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1 or 2.

By fitting or adapting at least two prefabricated Individual parts made of metal or "metal alloys" and the subsequent joint deformation becomes an intimate metallic one Connection ensures that at the same time a direct heat transfer and thus heat dissipation, that is uniform • Cooling guaranteed, but also a much higher mechanical strength against bending, tensile and Compressive stresses.

According to a further feature, a prefabricated item is a hollow cylinder made of valve steel, in the a prefabricated cylinder made of a material of high thermal conductivity is used, and both Materials deformed together with at least twice the degree of deformation in different directions will.

Here, the hollow cylinder can be open on one side or closed on both sides before the deformation.

According to a further feature, this is made up of at least two different metals or metal alloys existing element deformed on a forming machine in the axial direction.

According to a further inventive idea, this is made of at least two different metals or Metal alloys existing element on a forming machine in the direction of the diameter to a Deformed construction element with different cross-sections.

According to a further method according to the invention, at least one is made from a metal or a metal alloy existing part prefabricated as a hollow body, and with a metal or metal alloy in liquid State poured out, and an even better mechanical and / or thermal connection between The at least two metals or metal alloys can be achieved after the liquid material has cooled down the element deformed together.

Claims (1)

My files: P ΙΊ73 Claims (!., / Process for the production of a construction element, in particular an exhaust valve for Internal combustion engine to which in mechanical and / or thermal and / or chemical Extremely high or different ¹ ^ requirements are characterized in that it is formed from two different metals or metal alloys, whereby these different metals or metal alloys are prefabricated as individual parts, at least ° 1 part is partially or completely fitted or adapted into at least one other part, and that this element, which consists of at least two parts, is deformed together with at least twice the degree of deformation. 2. A method for producing a structural element, in particular an exhaust valve for Internal combustion engines, mechanically and / or thermally and / or chemically extremely high or extremely different requirements are made, characterized in that that a part consisting of a metal or a metal alloy is prefabricated as a hollow part is, and with at least one liquefied Metal or a metal alloy is poured out. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a prefabricated in a hollow cylinder Cylinder made of a different material than the hollow 35 cylinder is adjusted. ^ l. Method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that that the cylinder is open on one side. 5 · The method according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that the hollow cylinder in front of the common Forming is closed on both sides. 6. The method according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that that it consists of at least two different metals or metal alloys Element is deformed on a forming machine in the axial direction. 7- method according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that that it consists of at least two different metals or metal alloys Element on a forming machine in the direction of the diameter to a construction element is deformed with different cross-sections. 8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that that in a preformed part made of valve steel as an outer jacket, a liquefied one Material of high thermal conductivity, for example copper, is poured in. 9. The method according to claim 2 and 8, characterized in that that the liquefied from a hollow material Material manufactured element is post-deformed.