DE3113909A1 - Textile machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile machine, preferably a spinning machine, twisting machine or texturing machine, which has at least one group of mutually identical operating devices, each of which is driven by an individual-drive three-phase motor (11) allocated to it, and these motors (11) being supplied with a supply current of preferably adjustable frequency from a static frequency converter (12). The frequency converter is designed for matching to different applications for equipping with a different number of invertors which in each case form a module. <IMAGE>

Description

Textile machine

The invention relates to a textile machine according to the preamble of Claim 1.

The invention relates in particular to all spinning machines, ring twisting machines, OE spinning machines (OT @ enend spinning machines) and texturing machines, however, can also with other textile machines that are at least one kind of the same Have working organs, each of which is powered by a single drive motor will also be used with advantage, for example in winding machines, Combing machines, etc.

Ring spinning machines and ring twisting machines are the working organs, which are advantageously driven by individual drive motors can, especially around the spindles. With OE spinning machines, everyone can '; jinnrott) r be driven by a single drive mechanism, the same can be said of that The opening rollers of OE spinning machines that serve to open the slivers are also used each driven by a single drive motor. With texturing machines it is the work organs individually driven by individual drive motors the false twisting devices and / or godets and / or thread winding devices.

In the case of the individual drive motors, these are the same among themselves The working elements of a textile machine are Drcstrom asynchronous motors or three-phase synchronous motors.

It is known that the single drive motors have one or more rows of spindles a ring spinning machine or

Ring twisting machine by means of a static frequency converter - hereinafter called converter for short - to feed together with feed current of adjustable frequency, by changing the frequency of the only three-phase output of the converter by means of a frequency controller is adjustable with a digitally adjustable divider ratio (DE-OS 29 11 378). The single drive motors of the spindles of the respective spindle row or spindle rows feeding inverters of the converter must be good for reasons Efficiency in its design as closely as possible to the maximum total power consumption the individual drive motors fed by it are adapted. As with ring spinning machines the number of spindle drive motors to be fed via such a static converter is very different and these motors depending on the intended maximum spindle speed and weight of the bobbins to be wound on them (yarn windings) vary widely Performance, the manufacturer of such ring spinning machines must have a large number Calculate, design, manufacture and build different static converters Maintain stock in order to adapt the static to the ring spinning machines ordered To have converters available.

It is therefore an object of the invention to reduce manufacturing costs and the storage of such converters, i.e. such static frequency converters, to be cheaper as possible and nevertheless in each case favorable adaptation of the converter to be able to reach the respective needs.

This task is performed in a textile machine according to the generic term of claim 1 by those specified in the characterizing part of this claim 1 Features solved.

By using the static frequency converter (hereinafter often referred to as converter called), which the individual drive motors assigned to it of the relevant, under feeds the same work organs, a plurality of modules forming inverters has, the number of which depends on the number and rated power of the by this converter is matched to the individual drive motors to be fed, this results in the adaptation of the converter to the respective total nominal power of the individual drive motors to be fed by it, so that every inverter works with optimal or almost optimal efficiency and so its energy losses can be kept small. On the other hand, the energy losses play the mains rectifier or rectifiers and the remaining DC or DC voltage intermediate circuit of the converter only plays a subordinate role, so that the line rectifier or rectifiers and the rest of the DC or DC voltage intermediate circuit for the maximum Use case can be dimensioned and if to him wnir inverter as are connected as much as possible, it is then overdimensioned for this application, however, the advantages of the converter variation options outweigh these minor ones Disadvantage by far, since one or a few types of power rectifier are used and only one or a few types of inverters an almost unlimited Can record a variety of different use cases at Textilmas.chinen. For example the inverter can be designed so that anode DC or DC voltage intermediate circuit of the judge a maximum of ten inverters or, if necessary, even more inverters of the same type can be switched on.

A single common frequency controller can be used for these inverters be assigned to the control of the output frequency of the inverter and thus the speed of the motors concerned. The rest of the control logic can also the inverter will be common to all inverters, so that nan with a single Control logic of the converter gets by.

The single drive motors are three-phase asynchronous motors or three-phase synchronous motors. Asynchronous motors are usually sufficient. In applications where bt-i, however, synchronous operation If the motors are necessary or desired, synchronous motors are used without that this changes the converter.

The nominal power of the individual inverter forming a module can expediently be made so that they are largely integer fractions of the Total power consumption of the individual drive motors to be fed by the converter / of the different textile machines, in which the converter with changing numbers is to be used by inverters. Let me give you an example explained.

With ring spinning machines it is common to use 400 to Equipping 1200 spindles in two rows on the two long sides of the machine are arranged. Depending on the weight of the cops to be wound on the spindles to have the individual, per machine among themselves the same spindle drive motors rated power from, for example, 30 to 60 watts. You can then use the power rectifier with DC voltage interposer the one used to feed the spindle drive motors of such ring spinning machines static converter for a maximum power of 80 kVA.

If you can get by with a single power type of inverter you can then, for example, use the nominal power of the individual inverter 8kVA. With maximum utilization of the power of the DC link of the converter, the same inverters are connected to it then / among each other sen. With Rirr spinning machines, the spindle drive motors can then be reduced Power and / or smaller the converter with number of spindles / one dem the respective total nominal power requirement of the spindle drive motors Equip number of inverters, whereby the number of inverters so too is that their total rated output power the total rated power consumption the individual drive motors to be fed by the converter as little as possible. For example, if the ring spinning machines mentioned are optionally available with 400, 600, 800, 1000 or 1200 spindles can be equipped, and four different motor types are available, machine with two to one can easily depending on / ten compensate inverters per converter.

You can of course work as part of a manufacturer of textile machines provide several different types of power rectifiers different To keep nominal power in stock, each of which with different numbers can be combined by inverters depending on the application. The invention also brings in this Case significant reduction in terms of the Manufacture and storage of the converters.

The invention has other advantages as well. So will the repair of the converter facilitated. For example, a failed inverter easy to replace.

The inverters and the mains rectifier (s) can also be used with direct current or direct voltage intermediate circuit. of the converter and the control logic Use the inverter for a wide range of different models without borders and only the number of inverters varies depending on the machine.

It is known from textile machines, in particular ring spinning machines a plurality or plurality of each forming a longitudinal section of the machine Assemble sections, the sections are designed the same among themselves and are only attached to each other. In such cases it is particularly advantageous to assign at least one inverter to each section, preferably in it to integrate, which is only the supply of mutually identical working organs serves the section concerned.

According to a preferred development of the invention, it is provided that each exchange card only has a partial number assigned to it by the Freauenzumrichter to be fed This has the advantage, among other things, that motors feed. / if one fails Inverter, the other inverters can continue to operate and it the machine does not therefore need to be shut down as a whole.

In some cases, however, it is also expedient to provide that at least two inverters, preferably all inverters together in the secondary Network feed the individual three-phase AC motors assigned to them.

If an inverter fails, the textile machine can at least often also remain in operation, but if necessary their drive speed reduced to reduce performance.

If they are driven by individual drive motors, they are the same among themselves trained working bodies on the machine in question in two or more groups which can be switched on and off independently of each other, each such group of individual drive motors can have its own converter with several Be assigned to inverters. For example, it is often the case that the two .Mschinenlänghalften a ring spinning machine with two rows of spindles can be operated independently of each other. However, it is in such cases It is also possible to assign a single converter to all spindles, with the one Group of single drive motors, each switched on and off at the same time are assigned inverters jointly by the individual drive motors assigned to them can be switched off and switched on again.

The ones connected to the DC link or DC link of the converter Connectable inverters can preferably have the same nominal output power and especially expediently trained to be the same among themselves. However, it is in special cases it is also conceivable that at least two different inverters are used Nominal output power provides for the adaptation of the total nominal power of a The inverter of the converter used in the textile machine is still optimally connected to the Adjust the nominal power consumption of the individual motors to be fed by this converter to be able to. For example, two different types of inverters can be used for this purpose rated capacity be provided, the nominal power of which is in a ratio of, for example, 2: 1 or 3: 1 differentiate. One can then expediently select the inverter in each Meet the application in such a way that you can use as few inverters as possible the total nominal power consumption of the individual motors to be fed by it is reached. For example, if two different inverters with the nominal power Ng and N0 / 2 are provided and the nominal power consumption of the to be fed by the converter Single motors is 7.4 No, then you can use seven inverters with the power Ng and an inverter of power N0 / 2 to the direct current or direct voltage intermediate circuit of the converter. If the total performance bpw. 7.6 No closes one has eight inverters with power No, etc.

It is understood that textile machines to which the invention relates refers, usually have other working organs, their drive motor or drive motors are not fed by the converter, but directly from the mains, for example powered or by one or more other static frequency converters: - powered will.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the converter has a DC voltage intermediate circuit has, the impressed, approximately constant leads.

This ensures that the motors fed by the converter remain running especially with different individual loads due to the constant supply voltage cheap. In some cases, however, the converter can also use a DC link with impressed current, especially when the motors are each approximately are equally loaded, such as

with the single spindle drive motors of a spinning or twisting machine usually is the case.

The converter can preferably have a single line rectifier.

In some cases, however, it is also useful if d «a. Converter has several power rectifiers, the number of which is less than the number of the Converter max.

connectable inverter, this power rectifier preferably are connected to a common busbar to which the inverter can be connected are.

In the case of textile machines to which the invention relates, it is often the case that a pneumatic system for thread suction and / or pneumatic cleaning or the like assigned, at least one of which air forcibly flowed through Has channel, which channel is stationary along one or both sides of the machine frightened. Since such a channel is cooled by the air flowing through it, can expediently be provided, the inverter within at least one such Air-carrying duct, preferably within one or more bulges or to arrange extensions of this channel and / or in thermally conductive contact to be arranged with the duct wall inside or outside of at least one such duct, whereby the inverters are cooled and the resulting dissipated from them Heat is dissipated by the air flowing through the duct.

In general, it is expedient to use the components of the invention the textile machine according to frequency converter as a structural unit / or possibly also to be arranged at different points on the textile machine. But it is also possible to use the frequency converter or one or more of its components at a distance to be arranged by the textile machine and with the machine or with those arranged on it To connect converter components electrically.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. They show: FIG. 1 a schematic section of a textile material: FIG. 3 machine with a block diagram of a converter according to the invention for SlJeisunta of working organs of the same type of textile machine, FIG. 2 shows a converter according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention in a block diagram, FIG. 3 a partial circuit of a converter according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 4 each a partial sectional view and 5 one on a not shown in further details textile machine arranged Fadenabsaugrohres with a built-in resp.

attached inverter of a not shown in further details Converter.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a further embodiment of the Invention.

In Figure 1 are of the static shown in the block diagram Frequency straighteners 12 up @@ send textile machine 10 only a part number of the dem Electric drive for one type of working elements of this textile machine Single three-phase AC motors 11 shown. Each of these single drive motors 11 serves the drive of one working body. With these working bodies In the case of a ring spinning or ring twisting machine, it can preferably be spindle drive motors act, i.e. that each motor drives a single spindle that is only assigned to it. All these motors 11 are designed the same among themselves and have the same power. These are asynchronous motors or synchronous motors that are powered by inverters 13 of the converter 12 are fed with three-phase current. When it comes to this textile machine is a machine other than a ring spinning or ring twisting machine these individual drive motors corresponding to the drive of a variety of other working organs serve, e.g. in the case of an OE spinning machine, the individual drive of the spinning rotors or the individual drive of the opening rollers assigned to the spinning positions. At a Texturing machine allows you to individually drive the godets of a number of godets or the individual drive of false twisting devices or the individual drive of thread winding devices to serve.

In the embodiment of Figure 1 is a single section Series of such individual drive motors 11 / shown. Wern this machine several has such rows of individual drive motors, for example on each longitudinal side of the machine for each such row, the motors of all rows can be controlled by inverters 13 of the same Inverter 12 are fed or there can be several such, independently from each other operating static frequency converters such as 12 may be provided, each of which a series of such individual drive motors or a section of such a series is assigned by single drive motors.

The illustrated converter 12 has a mains rectifier 14, which is connected on the input side to an alternating current network 16 via a main switch 15 is. The direct current output of the preferably uncontrolled mains rectifier 14 is via an inductivity 27 to the DC inputs of a plurality of equal trained and on the input side parallel to each other to the output of the power rectifier 14 connected inverters 13 connected. Each inverter 13 is used the supply of an equally large number of individual drive motors assigned to it only 11, to which its three-phase output is connected via a distribution conductor system 17 is. Since all motors 11 each run at the same speed, they are clocked the / control inputs of all inverters 13 this via converter 12 / a common Control logic 20 connected to a single frequency controller 19, by means of which the 5; your frequency of the inverters 13 and thus their output frequency together is adjustable. This frequency regulator 19 can be an analog or digital frequency regulator be. The capacitor 25 is used to smooth the DC voltage and to cover the Reactive power of the motors 11.

The working area of the textile machine 10 can consist of several individual Structural units of the machine serving sections be assembled. For example, anyone can Section, such as 40, each has an inverter 13 and the motors 11 assigned to it contain. The machine 10 can have even more such sections.

The individual inverter 13 can be of a type known per se, for example a 6-pulse inverter 13 designed as thyristors Flow valves, however, in general it is even more beneficial if its flow valves As a result, transistors have a sinusoidal voltage curve for the inverter output currents can be achieved and the inverter 13 moreover less sensitive to interference are in the supply network as inverters with thru-transistors. The DC voltage of the Converter 12 intermediate circuit 21 / can preferably have constant, impressed DC voltage lead and the change in the output voltage of the inverter 13 can also preferably carried out in a known manner by pulse width modulation. I'm an exemplary embodiment a converter 12, the inverters 13 of which have transistors 22 as flow valves, is shown in part in FIG.

This converter 12 shown in Figure 3 has a main switch 15 uncontrolled network rectifier bridge connected on the input side to network 1 14 outputs on, on whose / each line containing an inductance 27 23 are connected to which the power units of inverters 13 of the same type are connected or can be connected. Every inverter 13, of which only one is shown with its circuit diagram and a second only as Block is shown, each forms a module. These modules 13 are the same among themselves trained and each form a nueiniicit, which in different numbers to the two lines 23 can be connected. For example, the nominal power of the power rectifier 14 be made so large that up to ten or possibly even more inverters 13 can be connected to the two lines 23 can.

In the DC voltage intermediate circuit 21 is also a smoothing capacitor 25 arranged. The voltage of the DC voltage intermediate circuit 21 is an impressed, preferably approximately constant DC voltage that passes through each inverter 11 corresponding clock control of the inverter valves converted into an alternating voltage whose level is proportional to the output frequency of this inverter. Of the Smoothing capacitor 25 also serves to cover the reactive power from the inverters 13 powered motors, not shown here (such as 11, Fig. 1), while their active power from the network 16 is supplied.

Each inverter 13 has six pairs to the two distribution lines 23 transistor switches 22 connected as shown with anti-parallel freewheeling diodes on and the three-phase output conductor 29 of the Inverters 13 are to the center connections of the transistor switch pairs assigned to each inverter phase 22 connected. The transistors of each phase work in push-pull.

In the case of generator operation, the one fed by the inverters 13 Motors, e.g. when braking the motors, a voltage difference sensing element 30 and a two-point controller 31, the DC link / from the output frequency the inverter regulates the voltage to a / permissible maximum value, a transistor switch 32 is opened, which has a discharge resistor 33 in the intermediate circuit 21 switches which consumes the regenerated energy. The clocked trigger commands the inverter 13 supply Zweipunktim member 35 simulated controller 34, the one to the magnetic / total flux of all connected to the inverters Motors of proportional size with three sinusoidal ones, each phase shifted by 1200 Reference variables of constant amplitude and variable frequency (which frequency from Analog frequency controller 19 is supplied) compare.

The output frequency of the inverter 13 is set by means of the frequency controller 19 adjustable within wide limits.

In the Auführunqsbeispiel according to Figure 2, the converter 12 has two uncontrolled power rectifier 14 connected in parallel to the output side are connected to a common busbar to which the DC voltage cabling whose inverters 13 are connected.

Each inverter 13, the number of which can be made different can, feeds a number of individual drive motors assigned only to it in a manner not shown.

Since the inverter 13 can generate considerable heat during operation they should be arranged on the relevant Ma.sclline in such a way that they are well cooled The cooling is already improved if the inverter, as preferred provided, are arranged at a distance from each other on the machine. One special good cooling of the inverter is achieved when the inverter 13 in or on at least one forced air flow on the machine in question stationarily arranged channel are arranged.

Two exemplary embodiments are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

In Figure 4 is the one shown, having a thermally conductive housing Inverter 13 in a bulge of a thread suction tube 36 in a not in w-ittrn details shown textile machine arranged per job the machine has a suction opening for AL-sucking broken threads and the like. As a result, the inverter 13 is through the thread suction tube flowing through Air sucked in by a suction fan is effectively cooled and its heat through this air is removed from the area of the machine.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, one is also a highly conductive one Inverter 13 having a housing on the outside of a thread suction pipe 36 ′ in Contact with this arranged. This also results in good dissipation from the inverter 13 generated heat by the air flowing through the thread suction tube 36 '.

Fig. 6 shows three inverters 13, one of which is not in further detail illustrated frequency converter 12, which together in the secondary-side network feed them assigned, identical single drive three-phase motors 11, by having their outputs connected to a common three-phase busbar 40 are to which the individual drive motors 11 are connected in parallel to one another.

The approximately constant DC voltage of the DC-DC link 21 has the advantage that / the rectifier valves of the rectifier 14 are uncontrolled can and also have the advantage that, for example, in the event of a power failure via the DC voltage intermediate circuit 21 also the energy between the motors 11 can be shifted so that this, if the working organs driven by you tend to be phased out differently have, however, to expire at approximately the same time, i.e. at approximately the same point in time come to a standstill, which is particularly advantageous, for example, on spinning machines is. This enables constant DC voltage of the DC voltage intermediate circuit even, at least two inverters separate frequency controllers to adjust their Assign output frequency so that these inverters, if necessary all inverters can deliver different output frequencies at the same time. This will not touches that it is preferably provided that all are fed by the frequency converter Individual drive motors of the textile machine in question in general with each run at the same speed and that it is therefore generally sufficient and preferred it is provided that the frequency converter has a single, common to all inverters Frequency controller is provided.

In some cases it can also be provided that the direct voltage of the DC voltage intermediate circuit is provided adjustable by the rectifier Has controlled rectifier valves. For example, it can be provided in this case be that the DC voltage of the DC link is proportional to Output frequency of the inverter it.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (16)

Claims textile machine, preferably spinning machine, twisting machine or texturing machine, which has at least one group of identical working organs has, each of which by a single drive three-phase motor assigned to it only is driven and these preferably among themselves equally trained motors preferably adjustable by a static frequency converter with supply current Frequency are fed, characterized in that the frequency converter / for Connection of a different number of inverters each forming a module is designed and it is sufficient for the nominal power to be delivered by it Has number of inverters (33). 2. Textile machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each Inverter (13) a partial number assigned only to it by the frequency converter (12) feeds the motors (11) to be fed (Fig. 12. 3 textile machine according to claim, characterized in that at least two inverters (13), uorzuqweise all inverters together in the secondary Group feed the individual three-phase AC motors (11) assigned to them (Fig. 6). 4. Textile machine according to one of the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the inverters (13) of the frequency converter (32r are of the same size have maximum rated output power and preferably have the same design units are. S. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the inverters (13) are spatially separated from one another for better cooling are. 6. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the frequency converter (12) has a single power rectifier (14). 7. Inverter according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that that the frequency converter (12) has several Netzglelchrichter (14), the number of which is smaller than the number of connectable inverters (13), these mains rectifiers (14) are preferably connected on the output side to a common busbar. 8. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, on the at least a channel associated with this machine, through which air can forcibly flow pneumatic system is arranged stationary, characterized in that the Inverter (13) in the interior of this channel (36) or in the interior at least one of these channels are installed for their cooling 9. Machine according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one of air forcibly through-flow channel of a pneumatic system assigned to this machine is arranged stationary, characterized in that the inverter (13) to their cooling in contact with the wall of this channel or at least one of these Channels inside or outside of the channel in question are provided. 10. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the flow valves of the inverter (.13) are transistors (22). 11. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the frequency converter (12) impressed intermediate circuit DC voltage with approximately constant DC voltage, which in each inverter (13) in AC voltage is converted, the amount of which is proportional to the output frequency of the relevant Inverter is. 12. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the mains rectifier (14) of the frequency converter (12) is uncontrolled. 13. Machine which at least one series of single drive motors having arranged spindles, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the individual spindle drive motors (11) by the frequency converter (12) or in groups by several such frequency converters. 14. Machine which is used for texturing i? Ädon and ci variety by false twisting devices or godets or thread winding devices driven at the same speed has, of which each false twisting device or each godet or thread winding device by its own assigned individual drive motor driven is, characterized in that the drive of the false twist organs or the Single drive motors through the frequency converter serve godets or thread winding members or can be fed in groups by several frequency converters. 15. Machine, which is used for the open-end spinning of threads, and a Large number of spinning rotors or sliver opening rollers driven by individual drive motors having, characterized in that the individual drive motors of the spinning rotors or sliver opening rollers by the frequency converter or in groups several frequency converters can be fed. 16. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, the working area composed of sections (machine sections) arranged in a row is characterized in that each section (40) has at least one inverter (13) is assigned, preferably integrated into it.