DE29724283U1 - Aid granules for washing and cleaning active moldings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to moulded bodies having a detergent and cleaning action, especially tablets such as those consisting of detergent, dishwashing product, stain remover or water-softener. Thanks to the use of the additive granules provided for by the invention, the disintegration rate of said tablets conforms to the requirements for use in domestic washing machines. Said additive granules contain 10 to 95 weight percent cellulose having a particle size of less than 100 mu m as well as 5 to 90 weight percent microcrystalline cellulose and/or one or several ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents. They are superior to known cellulose-based disintegrating additives in terms of their physical and washing properties.

Description

Henkel KGaA

Dr. Semrau / KF

18.05.2000

Utility model version to be registered H 2907 a

"Auxiliary granulate for washing and cleaning active molded bodies"

The present invention is in the field of disintegration aids for compact molded bodies which have washing and cleaning properties. In particular, the invention relates to so-called disintegrant granules for use in washing and cleaning active molded bodies such as, for example, washing detergent tablets, dishwashing detergent tablets, stain remover tablets or water softening tablets for use in the home, in particular for machine use.

Detergent and cleaning agent tablets are widely described in the state of the art and are becoming increasingly popular with consumers due to their ease of dosing. Tableted detergents and cleaning agents have a number of advantages over powdered ones: they are easier to dose and handle and, due to their compact structure, have advantages in storage and transport. Detergent and cleaning agent tablets are therefore also described extensively in the patent literature. A problem that repeatedly occurs when using detergent and cleaning active tablets is that the tablets do not break down or dissolve quickly enough under application conditions. Since sufficiently stable, i.e. dimensionally and break-resistant tablets can only be produced using relatively high pressures, the components of the tablets are heavily compacted and the disintegration of the tablets in the aqueous liquor is delayed, resulting in the active substances being released too slowly during the washing or cleaning process.

·

H 2907 a 2

The problem of excessively long disintegration times for highly compressed tablets is particularly well-known in the pharmaceutical industry, where certain disintegration aids, so-called tablet disintegrants, have long been used to shorten disintegration times. According to Römpp (9th edition, vol. 6, p. 4440) and Voigt , "Textbook of pharmaceutical technology" (6th edition, 1987, pp. 182-184), tablet disintegrants or disintegration accelerators are understood to be excipients that ensure the rapid disintegration of tablets in water or gastric juice and the release of the pharmaceuticals in an absorbable form.

"Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice" (5th edition, 1991, p. 942) divides disintegration accelerators or disintegrants into different substance classes according to their mechanism of action, with the most important disintegration mechanisms being the swelling mechanism, the deformation mechanism, the wicking mechanism, the repulsion mechanism and the development of gas bubbles when they come into contact with water (effervescent tablets). In the swelling mechanism, the particles swell due to the addition of water and increase their volume. This causes local tensions that expand across the entire tablet and thus lead to the disintegration of the compacted structure. The deformation mechanism differs from the swelling mechanism in that the swelling particles were previously compacted by compression during tableting and now return to their original size when water comes into contact with them. In the wick mechanism, water is sucked into the interior of the molded body by the disintegration accelerator, loosening the bonding forces between the particles, which also leads to the disintegration of the molded body. The repulsion mechanism differs from this in that the particles released by the water sucked into the pores repel each other through the resulting electrical forces. A fundamentally different mechanism is used for "effervescent tablets", which contain active ingredients or active ingredient systems that release gaseous substances when they come into contact with water, causing the molded body to burst. In addition, there is the

« « iiii it « * » ·

H 2907 a

The use of hydrophilic agents, which ensure better wetting of the compressed particles in water and thus faster disintegration, is known.

While substances acting according to the last two mechanisms can easily be distinguished from other decomposition mechanisms, the effects underlying the swelling and deformation mechanism as well as the wicking and repulsion mechanism cannot always be clearly separated from one another, which is why, for practical reasons, a classification into hydrophilizing agents, gas-releasing systems and swelling disintegrants makes more sense.

The first group includes, for example, polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters, the second group includes systems made up of weak acids and carbonate-containing agents, particularly citric and/or tartaric acid in combination with hydrogen carbonate or carbonate. Magnesium peroxide, which releases oxygen when combined with water, is also used as a disintegrating agent.

By far the largest group of disintegration agents works through swelling and/or wicking effects. These agents include in particular starches, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, alginates, dextrans, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidones, gelatin, formaldehyde casein, but also typically inorganic substances such as a wide variety of clay minerals (e.g. bentonite) as well as Aerosil® (silica) and certain ion exchange resins (Amberlit®).

In the field of washing or cleaning agents, according to the teaching of European patent EP-B-0 523 099, disintegrants known from the manufacture of pharmaceuticals can also be used. Disintegrants mentioned are swellable layered silicates such as bentonites, natural substances and natural substance derivatives based on starch and cellulose, alginates and the like, potato starch, methylcellulose and/or hydroxypropylcellulose. These disintegrants can be mixed with the granules to be pressed, but can also be incorporated into the granules to be pressed.

H 2907 a 4

The international patent application WO-A-96/06156 also states that the incorporation of disintegrants in washing or cleaning agent tablets can be advantageous. Again, typical disintegrants mentioned here are microcrystalline cellulose, sugars such as sorbitol, but also layered silicates, particularly finely divided and swellable layered silicates such as bentonite and smectite. Substances that contribute to gas formation such as citric acid, bisulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate and percarbonate are also listed as possible disintegration aids.

Although the last two prior art documents do not explicitly state what exact particle size distribution the disintegrants should have, information regarding the microcrystallinity of the cellulose and the fineness of the layered silicates indicates to the expert, particularly in connection with the literature known from the manufacture of pharmaceutical tablets, that conventional disintegrants should be used in finely divided form. This is consistent with the fact that to date no coarser products, for example those obtained by granulating finely divided powders, which are expressly offered as disintegrants for tablets, are commercially available.

European patent applications EP-A-0 466 485, EP-A-0 522 766, EP-A-0 711 827, EP-A-0 711 828 and EP-A-0 716 144 describe the production of cleaning-active tablets, using compacted, particulate material with a particle size of between 180 and 2000 μm. The resulting tablets can have either a homogeneous or a heterogeneous structure. According to EP-A-0 522 766, at least the particles containing surfactants and builders are coated with a solution or dispersion of a binder/disintegrant, in particular polyethylene glycol. Other binders/disintegrants are the already described and known disintegrants, for example starches and starch derivatives, commercially available cellulose derivatives such as cross-linked and modified cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose fiber^ cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidones, layered silicates, etc. Weak acids such as citric acid or tartaric acid, which are used in conjunction with carbo-

H 2907 a 5

nat-containing sources that cause bubbling effects when they come into contact with water and, according to the Römpp definition, belong to the second class of explosives, can be used as coating material. In these cases, too, no explicit information is given on the particle size distribution of the explosives. However, the explosive is applied to the surface of granular particles. This is done either in liquid to disperse form, as stated, or in solid form. The expert knows that in order to coat particles with solid particles, the so-called "powdering", the finest possible, namely powder-like solids, which usually also contain relatively high amounts of dust, should be used.

According to EP-A-0 711 827, the use of particles which consist predominantly of citrate, which has a certain solubility in water, also leads to an accelerated disintegration of the tablets. It is assumed that the dissolution of the citrate locally increases the ionic strength during a transition period, which suppresses the gelling of surfactants and, as a result, does not hinder the disintegration of the tablet. According to this patent application, citrate is therefore not a classic disintegrant, but serves as an anti-gelling agent.

The solutions mentioned above lead to the desired success in the manufacture of tablets for pharmaceuticals. In the detergent and cleaning agent sector, they do contribute to improving the disintegration properties of tablets with washing or cleaning properties; however, the improvement achieved is in many cases not sufficient. This is particularly true when the proportion of sticky organic substances in the tablets, such as anionic and/or non-ionic surfactants, increases. In addition, the use of disintegration aids in tablets with washing and cleaning properties can lead to specific problems that are completely unknown to pharmaceuticals.

A particular problem results from the use of cellulose as a disintegration aid in washing and cleaning active molded articles. If the primary particle size of the cellulose is too large, the problem of residue formation on the

·

H 2907 a 6

treated textiles. Particularly in the case of dark textiles, the deposits of the comparatively large cellulose primary particles, which are released in the washing liquor after the disintegrating molded body from the disintegrant compact, are clearly visible after drying.

As is known from pharmaceutical applications, only a slight disintegrant effect results if cellulose is only incorporated into the molded bodies in fine powder form, which is why disintegrants and in particular cellulose are usually introduced into the molded bodies in both granular and powdered form (cf. "Angewandte Biopharmazie", wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart, 1973, page 382). In the production of detergent and cleaning agent molded bodies, however, the additional addition of cellulose powder has proven to be unnecessary and in individual cases even hinders the disintegration of the molded bodies. To produce granular cellulose-based disintegrants, cellulose powders with particle sizes above 150 μηη are usually compacted into granules with a grain size between 0.4 and 2.0 mm and pressed in this form with the other components to form washing and cleaning active molded bodies.

To avoid residues forming on textiles, it is advisable to use a finer-particle cellulose that does not have this problem. Unfortunately, such a cellulose powder with primary particle sizes of less than 100 μπα cannot be compacted, as the granules obtained are so unstable that they disintegrate when mixed with the other components of the detergent and cleaning agent moldings, so that ultimately cellulose powder is pressed into the moldings, which on its own has no significant explosive effect.

Accordingly, the object of the invention was to provide an auxiliary granulate for washing and cleaning-active molded articles which, on the one hand, does not have the residue problem, but on the other hand can be incorporated in granulate form into the mixtures to be pressed without losing its effective form.

· · · · · ·· · ·· ·· · • ··
t m ·
· ·· · ·
• ■ ·
·
· · •
· ·
•
•
· ·· * ·
•
•
•
· · · ·
·
···
• •
•
•
• •
•
•
· · · ·
· · ·
•
• •
•
•
· · · · •
«

H 2907 a 7

The object of the invention was to develop a process for producing such disintegrant granules for incorporation into detergent and cleaning agent moldings.

It has now been found that the stability problems of a disintegrant granulate based on cellulose with particle sizes below 100 μm can be avoided by granulating the cellulose together with microcrystalline cellulose or other ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents.

The invention therefore relates, in a first embodiment, to an auxiliary granulate for washing and cleaning-active molded articles, which

a) 10 to 95 wt.% cellulose with particle sizes below 100 μηι

b) 5 to 90% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose and/or one or more ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents

Preferably, substances from the group of builders, bleaching agents and bleach activators, foam inhibitors and soil-release polymers are used as ingredients in washing and cleaning agents.

In the context of the present invention, auxiliary granules are understood to mean all those auxiliary agents and in particular disintegrants which are in finely divided powder form and have been converted into a coarser-grained form by a spray-drying, granulating, agglomerating, compacting, pelletizing or extrusion process. This includes not only disintegrants in granular form, but also, for example, those in cogranulated form.

H 2907 a 8

The terms "particle size" and "primary particle size" are used as synonyms in the context of the present invention when they are used to describe cellulose in powder form. The granules obtained by granulating the cellulose powder naturally have particle sizes that are larger than the primary particle size of the cellulose powder used. The term "particle size" or "primary particle size" means that the corresponding powders completely pass through a sieve of the specified mesh size and leave less than 1% by weight of residue, based on the sieved powder, on the sieve.

The auxiliary granules of the present invention have a number of advantages that make them stand out compared to conventional disintegrants. For example, residue problems on laundry that has been washed with detergent tablets that contain the auxiliary granules according to the invention are not observed. In quantitative terms, too, better reflectance values, higher whiteness levels and an improved "soft feel" of the laundry are evident compared to detergent tablets with an otherwise similar composition that contain cellulose granules made from cellulose with primary particle sizes above 150 μιγ as disintegrants.

The cellulose which is contained as component a) in the auxiliary granules according to the invention has the formal gross composition (C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ),, and formally represents a ß-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of approx. 500 to 5000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000. A particle size of the cellulose before granulation of less than 100 μπα is essential to the invention, with primary particle sizes of less than 70 μπα or less than 50 μπα being preferred. Cellulose derivatives that can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions can also be used as component a) in the context of the present invention. Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. But also celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional

H 2907 a 9

Cellulose derivatives that have been replaced by hydroxyl groups that are not bound via an oxygen atom can be used as cellulose derivatives. The group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses.

The cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as component a), but used in a mixture with cellulose. The content of cellulose derivatives in these mixtures is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on component a). Pure cellulose which is free of cellulose derivatives is particularly preferably used as component a). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the granules contain as component a) 15 to 80% by weight, preferably 20 to 70% by weight and in particular 25 to 60% by weight of cellulose with a particle size of less than 70 μηι, preferably less than 50 μηι.

The auxiliary granules according to the invention contain microcrystalline cellulose and/or the ingredients of washing and cleaning agents in amounts of between 5 and 90% by weight, based on the auxiliary granules. Preferably used amounts of these ingredients are in the range from 10 to 70% by weight, with amounts between 20 and 60% by weight and in particular between 30 and 50% by weight being preferred.

Microcrystalline cellulose can be used as the sole component b) or as a component of this component. This cellulose has primary particle sizes of approx. 5 μπα and was compacted into granules with an average particle size of 200 μπα. These compacts are stable, can be mixed with other substances without breaking down into primary particles and are suitable for forming stable auxiliary granules with the finely divided cellulose {component a)}, which are stable when mixed with other substances. In this way, within the scope of the present invention, it is possible to produce a completely cellulose-based auxiliary granule that does not have the residue problem of conventional cellulose disintegration agents.

H2907 a 10

In the washing liquor, these auxiliary granules break down into primary particles, meaning that no cellulose particles with particle sizes larger than 100 μηι remain in the washing liquor.

Preferred in the context of the present invention are auxiliary granules which contain, as component b), 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 60% by weight and in particular 20 to 50% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose, based on the auxiliary granule.

As ingredients of washing and cleaning agents {sole component b) or a constituent thereof}, the auxiliary granules according to the invention can contain all the usual ingredients of these washing and cleaning agents, the use of auxiliary substances which, in addition to their function of stabilizing the granules with the cellulose, also perform other tasks in the washing and cleaning process being preferred. The ingredients of washing and cleaning agents which are contained in the auxiliary granules according to the invention are preferably selected from the group of builders, bleaching agents and bleach activators, foam inhibitors and soil-release polymers.

Components b) from this group that are preferably used are the bleaching agents and bleach activators, with preference being given to auxiliary granules that contain 10 to 70, preferably 20 to 60 and in particular 30 to 50% by weight of a bleaching agent or bleach activator as component b). A preferred auxiliary granule contains the bleach activator tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) as a constituent or sole ingredient of component b).

The auxiliary granules according to the invention preferably have no fine particles below 0.1 mm and preferably contain a total of only 0 to 5% by weight of particles with particle sizes below 0.2 mm. Preferred granules consist of at least 90% by weight of particles with a size of at least 0.3 mm and at most 2.0 mm.

· · • · · · • _# * ·
· ····
• • ·
· # •
• ·
· • ·
· · · • · •
• &igr; · ·
&igr; · · · • « * · · · · · • • • ···· · · •
• · · · · • • I · · * ' • • • » · · · · ► ·· · a · · · ·

H2907 a 11

In a further embodiment, the invention relates to a process for producing the auxiliary granules according to the invention, in which

a) 10 to 95 wt.% cellulose with particle sizes below 100 μηι and

b) 5 to 90% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose and/or one or more ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents

granulated under compacting conditions.

For this purpose, components a) and b) are mixed, whereby the cellulose must meet the above-mentioned particle size criteria due to the residue problem, while component b) is not subject to any restrictions in terms of particle size. In the interest of intensive and homogeneous mixing of the two components, it can be advantageous to also grind component b) to particle sizes below 1 mm, in particular below 500 μιη and particularly preferably below 200 μιη, before the compacting process.

Granulation under compacting conditions can be carried out using all methods familiar to the person skilled in the art, with a wide variety of apparatus being suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention. Granulation under compacting conditions is to be equated within the scope of this application with terms such as granulation, agglomeration, compaction, extrusion and pelletization.

Suitable apparatuses in which the process according to the invention can be carried out include, for example, a wide variety of mixer types, such as Eirich® mixers of the R or RV series (trademark of Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich, Hardheim), the Fukae® FS-G mixers (trademark of Fukae Powtech, Kogyo Co., Japan), the Lödige® FM, KM and CB mixers (trademark of Lödige Maschinenbau GmbH, Paderborn) or the Drais® T or K-T series (trademark of Drais-Werke

H 2907 a 12

GmbH, Mannheim). Other suitable granulation devices are pellet presses, which in preferred embodiments are used as ring die presses. Roller compaction has proven to be particularly advantageous and particularly preferred within the scope of the present invention, in which the dry premix of components a) and b) is compacted by two rollers rotating in opposite directions to form a sheet-like slug, which is then reduced to granules with particle sizes of less than 2 mm by subsequent grinding and sieving.

The following is a brief description of the ingredients of washing and cleaning agents that are preferably used as component b), whereby the substances from the group of builders, bleaching agents and bleach activators, foam inhibitors and soil-release polymers are described one after the other.

Builders which may be contained in the auxiliary granules according to the invention and in the process for producing these auxiliary granules as the sole constituent or ingredient of component b) are, in particular, silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.

Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi _x O _2x+ , H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, &khgr; is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for &khgr; are 2, 3 or 4. Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-AO 164 514. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and &khgr; assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ^yH ₂ O are preferred, where β-sodium disilicate can be obtained, for example, by the process described in international patent application WO-A-91/08171.

H2907 a 13

Amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O : SiO ₂ modulus of 1:2 to 1:3.3, preferably 1:2 to 1:2.8 and in particular 1:2 to 1:2.6, which are delayed in dissolving and have secondary washing properties, can also be used. The delayed dissolving compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction or overdrying. In the context of this invention, the term "amorphous" is also understood to mean "X-ray amorphous". This means that in X-ray diffraction experiments the silicates do not produce sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle. However, it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles produce blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This can be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline regions of size 10 to several hundred nm, with values of up to max. 50 nm and especially up to max. 20 nm being preferred. Such so-called X-ray amorphous silicates, which also have a dissolution delay compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in the German patent application DE-A-44 00 024. Particularly preferred are compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates.

The finely crystalline, synthetic zeolite containing bound water used is preferably zeolite A and/or P. Zeolite MAP® (a commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred as zeolite P. However, zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and/or P are also suitable. The zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or as an undried, stabilized suspension that is still moist from its manufacture. If the zeolite is used as a suspension, this can contain small amounts of non-ionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated Ci ₂ -C _{16 fatty} alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups, C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated

H 2907 a 14

lated isotridecanols. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μηι (volume distribution; measuring method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

Of course, the use of the well-known phosphates as builder substances is also possible, provided that such use should not be avoided for ecological reasons. The sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and especially tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable.

Useful organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids that can be used in the form of their sodium salts, such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, as well as mixtures of these. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.

Among the compounds used as bleaching agents that yield H ₂ O ₂ in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are particularly important. Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ yielding peracidic salts or peracids such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid.

In order to achieve an improved bleaching effect when washing at temperatures of 60 ⁰ C and below, bleach activators can be incorporated as the sole component or as an ingredient of component b). Compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and/or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, can be used as bleach activators. Suitable substances are those which contain O-

ft · » 4 9

H2907 a 15

and/or N-acyl groups of the stated number of carbon atoms and/or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Preference is given to multiply acylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran.

In addition to the conventional bleach activators or instead of them, so-called bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the molded bodies. These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salen complexes or carbonyl complexes. Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Ti, V and Cu complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes can also be used as bleach catalysts.

Examples of foam inhibitors that can be part of component b) or used alone as component b) are soaps of natural or synthetic origin that have a high proportion of C _{11 -24} fatty acids. Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica or bis-stearylethylenediamide. Mixtures of different foam inhibitors are also advantageously used, for example those made from silicones, paraffins or waxes. The foam inhibitors are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or water-dispersible carrier substance. Mixtures of paraffins and bis-stearylethylenediamides are particularly preferred.

H2907 a 16

In addition, the agents can also contain, as component b) or as part thereof, components which have a positive effect on the ability of oil and fat to be washed out of textiles (so-called soil repellents). This effect is particularly evident when a textile is soiled which has already been washed several times with a detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component. The preferred oil and fat-dissolving components include, for example, non-ionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, in each case based on the non-ionic cellulose ether, as well as the polymers of phthalic acid and/or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and/or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and/or non-ionically modified derivatives of these. Particularly preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid polymers. Carboxymethyl starch (CMS) can also be used with preference within the scope of the present invention as component b) or as a constituent of this component.

In a further embodiment, the invention provides for the use of the auxiliary granules according to the invention for washing and cleaning-active molded bodies as disintegration accelerators in such washing and cleaning agent molded bodies, in particular detergent tablets.

The invention thus also relates to washing and cleaning-active shaped bodies, in particular detergent tablets, which contain 1 to 40, preferably 2.5 to 30 and in particular 5 to 20 wt. % of an auxiliary granulate according to the invention.

These molded bodies are obtained by mixing the auxiliary granulate with the other components of the washing and cleaning agent and subsequent molding.

• · » · 4 »A« te*

H 2907 a 17

The molded bodies can be manufactured in a predetermined spatial shape and a predetermined size. Virtually all sensibly manageable designs can be considered as spatial shapes, for example the design as a panel, the rod or bar shape, cubes, cuboids and corresponding spatial elements with flat side surfaces and in particular cylindrical designs with a circular or oval cross-section. This last design covers the presentation form from the tablet to compact cylinder pieces with a height to diameter ratio of more than 1.

The portioned compacts can be designed as separate individual elements that correspond to the predetermined dosage of the washing and/or cleaning agent. It is also possible to design compacts that combine a plurality of such mass units in one compact, with predetermined breaking points in particular ensuring that smaller, portioned units can be easily separated. For the use of textile detergents in machines of the type commonly used in Europe with horizontally arranged mechanics, it can be expedient to design the portioned compacts as tablets, in cylinder or cuboid form, with a diameter/height ratio in the range of approximately 0.5:2 to 2:0.5 being preferred. Commercially available hydraulic presses, eccentric presses or rotary presses are suitable devices, in particular for producing such compacts.

The spatial shape of another embodiment of the molded bodies is adapted in its dimensions to the detergent chamber of commercially available household washing machines, so that the molded bodies can be dosed directly into the detergent chamber without a dosing aid, where they dissolve during the dispensing process. Of course, however, the use of the detergent molded bodies via a dosing aid is also possible without any problems and is preferred within the scope of the present invention.

Another preferred molded article that can be produced has a plate-like or panel-like structure with alternating thick long and thin short segments, so that

4 » » » a · it · » JI

H2907 a 18

individual segments of this "bar" can be broken off at the predetermined breaking points, which represent the short, thin segments, and fed into the machine. This principle of the "bar-shaped" shaped detergent can also be implemented in other geometric shapes, for example vertical triangles that are only connected to one another lengthwise on one of their sides.

It is also possible that the various components are not pressed into a single tablet, but that molded bodies are obtained that have several layers, i.e. at least two layers. It is also possible that these different layers have different dissolving rates. This can result in advantageous application properties of the molded bodies. If, for example, the molded bodies contain components that have a negative mutual effect, it is possible to integrate one component into the more quickly dissolving layer and incorporate the other component into a more slowly dissolving layer, so that the first component has already reacted when the second goes into solution. The layer structure of the molded bodies can be stacked, whereby a dissolution process of the inner layer(s) at the edges of the molded body already occurs when the outer layers are not yet completely dissolved, but it is also possible for the inner layer(s) to be completely covered by the layer(s) further out, which leads to a prevention of the premature dissolution of components of the inner layer(s).

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a molded body consists of at least three layers, i.e. two outer and at least one inner layer, with at least one of the inner layers containing a peroxy bleaching agent, while in the case of the stack-shaped molded body the two cover layers and in the case of the shell-shaped molded body the outermost layers are free of peroxy bleaching agent. Furthermore, it is also possible to spatially separate peroxy bleaching agents and any bleach activators and/or enzymes present from one another in a molded body. Such multi-layer molded bodies have the advantage that they not only have a single

H2907 a 19

rinsing chamber or via a dosing device which is added to the washing liquor; in such cases it is also possible to put the molded body into the machine in direct contact with the textiles without having to worry about stains from bleaching agents and the like.

Similar effects can also be achieved by coating individual components of the detergent and cleaning agent composition to be pressed or the entire molded body. For this purpose, the bodies to be coated can be sprayed with aqueous solutions or emulsions, for example, or can be given a coating using the melt coating process.

In addition to the auxiliary granulate according to the invention, which facilitates and accelerates the disintegration of the washing and cleaning-active molded bodies, the molded bodies according to the invention can contain all the usual components of washing and cleaning agents. If auxiliary granulates according to the invention are used which contain certain ingredients of washing and cleaning agents as component b), the further addition of these substances during the production of the molded body can be dispensed with. However, it can also be preferred to incorporate such components of washing and cleaning agents both as component b) into the auxiliary granulate and also into the molded body. In addition to the components already mentioned above as components of the auxiliary granulate, the molded bodies according to the invention can contain further components which are not introduced into the molded body via the auxiliary granulate. Washing and cleaning-active substances which are incorporated into the molded bodies include, in particular, surfactants and enzymes.

Anionic, non-ionic, cationic and/or amphoteric surfactants can be used in the detergent and cleaning agent tablets according to the invention. From an application point of view, mixtures of anionic and non-ionic surfactants are preferred, whereby the proportion of anionic surfactants should be greater than the proportion of non-ionic surfactants. The total surfactant content of the tablets is 5 to 60% by weight.

H 2907 a 20

based on the weight of the molded article, with surfactant contents above 15% by weight being preferred.

Examples of anionic surfactants used are those of the sulfonate and sulfate type. Preferably used surfactants of the sulfonate type are C ₉ . ₁₃ alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, i.e. mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates, and disulfonates, such as those obtained from C ₁₂ . _1g monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates obtained from C 12 . _1g alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. The esters of α-sulfofatty acids (estersulfonates), e.g. the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters. Fatty acid glycerol esters are understood to mean the mono-, di- and triesters as well as their mixtures, as obtained in the production by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.

Preferred alk(en)yl sulfates are the alkali metal and especially the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of the C ₁₂ -C ₁₂ fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths. Also preferred are alk(en)yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, petrochemically produced straight-chain alkyl radical, which have a degradation behavior similar to that of the corresponding compounds based on fatty chemicals.

H 2907 a 21

see raw materials. From a washing point of view, C ₁₂ -C ₁₆ -alkyl sulfates and C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ -alkyl sulfates as well as C ₁₄ -C ₁₅ -alkyl sulfates are preferred. 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which are produced, for example, according to US patents 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from the Shell Oil Company under the name DAN®, are also suitable anionic surfactants.

The sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C ₇ . ₂₁ alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C ₉ . _n alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) or C _n . _lg fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO, are also suitable. Due to their high foaming behavior, they are used in cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are the salts of alkyl sulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinic acid esters and are monoesters and/or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C _g . _lg fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves are nonionic surfactants (see description below). Sulfosuccinates whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution are particularly preferred. It is also possible to use alk(en)ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk(en)yl chain or salts thereof.

Other anionic surfactants that may be considered include soaps. Saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and particularly soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, e.g. coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are suitable.

H 2907 a 22

The anionic surfactants, including the soaps, can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols with preferably 8 to 18 C atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals from alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 C atoms, e.g. from coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, Ci ₂ . ₁₄ -alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C ₉ .,,-alcohol with 7 EO, C, ₃ ., ₅ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ₁₂ . ₁₈ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C, ₂ ., ₄ -alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ ., ₈ -alcohol with 5 EO. The stated degrees of ethoxylation represent statistical averages which can be a whole or a fractional number for a specific product. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these non-ionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples of this are tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

In addition, alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO(G) _x can also be used as further nonionic surfactants, in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched in the 2-position, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.

·. ·if > »« »it* ·· it

···· ·· ♦· ··· ·· ··
H 2907 a 23

Another class of preferably used nonionic surfactants, which are used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants, are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in particular fatty acid methyl esters, as described, for example, in Japanese patent application JP 58/217598 or which are preferably prepared by the process described in international patent application WO-A-90/13533.

Non-ionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowalkyl-N^-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable. The amount of these non-ionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half of that.

Other suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),

^R1

R-CO-N-[Z] (I)

in which RCO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R^ is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.

· · « ·■ &iacgr;&iacgr;

H 2907 a 24

The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II),

R^ ^OR2
R-CO-N-[Z] (II)

in which R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ¹ is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ² is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, where C _M alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives of this radical.

[Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, for example according to the teaching of the international application WO-A-95/07331, by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as a catalyst.

Enzymes that can be used are those from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or mixtures thereof. Enzymatic active substances obtained from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus are particularly suitable. Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases obtained from Bacillus lentus are preferably used. Enzyme mixtures, for example of protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or of cellulase and lipase or of protease, amylase and

H 2907 a 25

Lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but especially cellulase-containing mixtures are of particular interest. Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases. The enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and/or embedded in coating substances in order to protect them against premature decomposition. The proportion of enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the molded bodies according to the invention can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.

The molded bodies can contain derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts as optical brighteners. Suitable examples are salts of 4,4'-bis(2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly structured compounds which carry a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group instead of the morpholino group. Brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type can also be present, e.g. the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl, 4,4'-bis(4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl, or 4-(4-chlorostyryl)-4'-(2-sulfostyryl)-diphenyl. Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used.

The invention can also make use of the fact that acidifying agents such as citric acid, tartaric acid or succinic acid, but also acidic salts of inorganic acids ("hydrogen salts"), for example bisulfates, can contribute to improving the disintegration properties of the molded bodies, especially in combination with carbonate-containing systems. Within the scope of this invention, however, it is then provided that these acidifying agents are also present in coarse-grained, in particular granular form, which have as little dust as possible and whose particle size distribution is adapted to that of the auxiliary granules. The granular acidifying agents can, for example, be contained in the molded bodies in amounts of 1 to 10% by weight.

The molded articles according to the invention, in particular the previously poorly disintegrating and poorly soluble detergent molded articles and bleach molded articles, have

H 2907 a 26

Use of the auxiliary granulate according to the invention has excellent disintegration properties. By compacting the disintegration auxiliary with a detergent ingredient, a broader distribution of the auxiliary granulate throughout the molded body is achieved. The improved disintegration can be tested, for example, under critical conditions in a conventional household washing machine (use directly in the wash liquor using a conventional dosing device, delicates program or colored laundry, washing temperature maximum 40 ^° C) or in a beaker at a water temperature of 25 ^° C. The implementation of the corresponding tests is described in the examples section. Under these conditions, the molded bodies according to the invention not only disintegrate completely within 10 minutes; the preferred embodiments have disintegration times in the beaker test of less than 3 minutes, in particular less than 2 minutes. Particularly advantageous embodiments even have disintegration times of less than 1 minute. Disintegration times of less than 3 minutes in the beaker test are sufficient to allow the detergent molded bodies or the washing additive molded bodies to be flushed into the wash liquor via the dispensing chamber of conventional household washing machines. In a further embodiment of the invention, a washing method is therefore claimed, wherein the shaped body is introduced into the washing liquor via the dispensing device of the household washing machine. The dissolving times of the shaped bodies in the washing machine are preferably less than 8 minutes and in particular less than 5 minutes.

The actual production of the molded articles according to the invention is initially carried out by dry mixing of the auxiliary granules with the remaining components and then shaping, in particular pressing into tablets, whereby conventional methods can be used (for example as described in the conventional patent literature on tabletting, especially in the field of washing or cleaning agents, in particular as described in the above-mentioned patent applications and the article "Tabletting: State of the art", SÖFW Journal, 122nd year, pp. 1016-1021 (1996)).

Examples

By roller compaction and a subsequent grinding and sieving process, the auxiliary granules 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention and the comparative examples 4, 5 and 6 were produced, which had a composition according to Table 1.

The comparative examples contained either an unsuitable component a) (too large primary particle size, example 4), unsuitable components b) (example 6: additional effervescent system, which is not a common ingredient in detergents and cleaning agents) or no component b) at all (example 5)

In the case of comparative example 5, no stable granules could be obtained. Even before being pressed into the detergent tablet when mixed with the other ingredients, the resulting "granules" disintegrate into the primary particles. In a further comparison, non-granulated, finely powdered cellulose (50 μg/cm²) was used, which provided completely analogous values for tablet hardness and disintegration times (Table 3) to comparative example 5.

Table 1: Auxiliary granules [wt.%]:

Auxiliary granulate 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cellulose (50μηι primary particle size) 80% 50% 40% 100% 40% Cellulose (150μηι primary particle size) 100% Granules made of microcrystalline cellulose (FMC) 50% 10% 10% _NaHCO3 28.2% Citric acid, anhydrous 21.8% Carboxymethyl starch 20% TAED 50%

H 2907 a

t ♦*♦# · ·

· · i

The auxiliary granules produced in this way were mixed with other components to form a finished washing and cleaning agent, with a powder of the following composition serving as the base granulate:

Table 2: Base granules [% by weight]

Crowd C ₉ . ₁₃ -Alkylbenzenesulfonate 15.4 _C13 . ₁₅ -oxo alcohol with 3 to 7 EO 7.9 Soap 1.0 optical brightener 0.2 sodium 13.9 Sodium silicate 4.3 Cobuilder H40 4.9 HEDP 0.6 Zeolite A (anhydrous active substance) 25.5 Na-perborate monohydrate 18.3 Water 8.0

Cobuilder H 40 is an acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer from Stockhausen
HEDP is the sodium salt of hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid

The mixed detergents and cleaning agents were then pressed into tablets in a tablet press. The hardness of the tablets was measured by deforming the tablet until it broke, whereby the force acted on the sides of the tablet and the maximum force that the tablet withstood was determined.

H 2907 a

To determine tablet disintegration, the tablet was placed in a beaker of water (600 ml water, temperature 25°C) and the time until complete tablet disintegration was measured.

The composition of the tablets and the experimental data are shown in Table 3: Table 3: Detergent tablets [composition in wt.%]

tablet Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Tools 5% 4% 10% 4% 4% 8th% Base granulate 81.25% 82.25% 81.25% 82.25% 82.25% 78.25% enzyme 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% TAE 7% 7% 2% 7% 7% 7% Foam inhibitor 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% soil-release polymer 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% 0.75% Tablet hardness 33 N 2ON 30-35N 30-35N 25N 25N Tablet disintegration 20 lakes 58 lakes 5-10 sea 5-10 sea > 5 min > 5 min

Comparative Example 4 shows comparable values with Examples 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention both in terms of tablet hardness and in the disintegration test. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the auxiliary granules according to the invention in detergent and cleaning agent moldings, the following washing tests were carried out:

2 tablets (40 g each) were placed in the detergent compartment of a washing machine. The machine was loaded with 3.5 kg of dark blue terry towels and washed under the following conditions:

H 2907 a

The conditions were: tap water at 23°d (equivalent to 230 mg CaO/1), washing temperature 60 ⁰ C, liquor ratio (kg of laundry : litre of washing solution in the main wash cycle) 1 : 5.7, three rinses with tap water, spinning and drying. The dried towels were assessed after 10 washes according to the following criteria:

Grade 1: flawless, no visible residues

Grade 2: tolerable, isolated, non-disturbing residues

Grade 3: recognizable residues that are already disturbing in critical assessment

from grade 4: clearly visible and disturbing residues in increasing number and quantity

In addition, the detergent dispenser was opened after the washing process and visually assessed. This means:

Grade 1: flawless, no visible residues, completely rinsed

Grade 2: tolerable, isolated, non-disturbing residues, very finely distributed

Grade 3: recognizable residues that are already disturbing in critical assessment

Grade 4: clearly visible and disturbing residues in increasing number and

Quantity, agglomeration and lump formation,

The individual detergent tablets were assessed as follows:

Table 4: visual assessment of residue behaviour

tablet 1 2 3 4 5 6 dried towel 2 2 2 5 * * Disinfection chamber 1 1 1 1 >10 >10 total 3 3 3 6 >10 >10

H2907 a 31

The molded bodies 1, 2 and 3 according to the invention show the best residue values due to the use of finely divided cellulose in conjunction with very good tablet disintegration (see Table 3). The non-inventive example 4, which also has a good disintegration rate (see Table 3), performs significantly worse due to the use of cellulose with a primary particle size of 150 μπα: The cellulose residues on the laundry are clearly visible as disturbing residues.

*) Due to the extremely long disintegration times of the example tablets 5 and 6, these do not show any disintegration in the detergent dispenser and cannot be washed into the detergent dispenser of the washing machine. After the wash cycle, the tablets are found in the detergent dispenser almost unchanged, which is why no residues can be observed on the treated textiles.

·

Claims (8)

1. Auxiliary granulate for washing and cleaning active molded articles, characterized by a content of a) 10 to 95 wt.% cellulose with particle sizes below 100 µm b) 5 to 90% by weight of microcrystalline cellulose and/or one or more ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents. 2. Auxiliary granulate according to claim 1, characterized in that substances from the group of builders, bleaching agents and bleach activators, foam inhibitors and soil-release polymers are contained in the granulate as ingredients of washing and cleaning agents. 3. Auxiliary granulate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the microcrystalline cellulose and/or the ingredients of washing and cleaning agents are contained in the granulate in amounts between 10 and 70% by weight, preferably between 20 and 60% by weight and in particular between 30 and 50% by weight, based on the auxiliary granulate. 4. Auxiliary granulate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as component b) 5 to 70 wt. %, preferably 10 to 60 wt. % and in particular 20 to 50 wt. % of microcrystalline cellulose, based on the auxiliary granulate, are contained in the granulate. 5. Auxiliary granulate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that 10 to 70 wt.%, preferably 20 to 60 wt.% and in particular 30 to 50 wt.% of a bleaching agent or bleach activator are used as component b). 6. Auxiliary granulate according to claim 5, characterized in that tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) is used as bleach activator. 7. Auxiliary granulate according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that 15 to 80 wt.%, preferably 20 to 70 wt.% and in particular 25 to 60 wt.% of cellulose with a particle size of less than 70 µm, preferably less than 50 µm, is used as component a). 8. Washing and cleaning active molded body, in particular detergent tablets, containing 1 to 40 wt.%, preferably 2.5 to 30 wt.% and in particular 5 to 20 wt.% of an auxiliary granulate according to one of claims 1 to 6.